© fraunhofer ise interconnected mini-grids for rural energy transition a case of nepal binod prasad...
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© Fraunhofer ISE
INTERCONNECTED MINI-GRIDS FOR RURAL ENERGY TRANSITION
A CASE OF NEPAL
Binod Prasad Koirala1, Alexander Schies1, Brisa Ortiz1, Tilak K. Limbu2 and Bhupendra Shakya2
1Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Freiburg2Alternative Energy Promotion Center (AEPC), Nepal
Micro Perspective of Decentralized Energy Supply Conference28.02.2013, Berlin
www.ise.fraunhofer.de
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OUTLINE
Fraunhofer ISE and AEPC
Introduction
Socio-Political Relevance
Next Generation of Renewable Based Mini-grids
Cases: Baglung and Nawalparasi Mini-grids
New Project: Renewable Based Interconnected Mini-grids
Conclusions
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Fraunhofer-Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE
Largest European solar energy research institute
ca. 1200 members of staff (incl. students)
Areas of business:
• Photovoltaics (Si, CPV, OPV)• Solar Thermal (ST, CST) • Renewable Power Generation • Energy-Efficient Buildings and Technical Building Components• Applied Optics and Functional Surfaces • Hydrogen Technology
10% basic financing 90% contract research 50% industry, 40% public € 69 M total budget (‘11) > 10% p.a. growth rate
Source: Eicke R. Weber, International Conference on Microtechnology, IMTEK (Freiburg), 11 October 2012
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Autonomous System and Mini-Grids
Business Areas:
Socio-economic/socio-technical analyses
Consulting, promotion, training
Implementation strategies, financing concepts
Development, testing and optimizing of components
Development of operating strategies, energy and battery management systems
Demonstration projects, system monitoring and quality assurance
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ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROMOTION CENTER (AEPC)
Nodal government agency established in 1996
Making Renewable Energy mainstream supply to rural areas of Nepal
Main role and responsibilities:
Short, medium and long term policy and plan formulation
Promotion of RET development programmes
Standarization, quality assurance and monitoring
Subsidy and financial assistance delivery
Co-ordination of various government org., Donor, IGO/INGO, private
National Rural Renewable Energy Program (2012- 1017)
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INTRODUCTION
> 2 billion population have no access or no reliable access to electricity
99 % of these population are in developing countries
4 out of 5 lives in rural areas
In Nepal
56 % population has access to electricity ( 49 % - rural areas)
Upto 16 hours of load-shedding in National Grid
Individual renewable energy technologies: socio-economic benefits??
Integrative and modular interconnected mini-grids: Productive use
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SOCIO-POLITICAL RELEVANCE
Universal access to modern energy services by 2030
2012 – International year of Sustainable Energy for all
2014-2024 – Decade for Sustainable Energy for all
Energy access – MDGs / post-2015 agendas
Basic energy access vs. Enhanced energy access
Energy access: Improves essential services (health, communication education)
Migration problem
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NEXT GENERATION OF RENEWABLES BASED MINI-GRIDS
Upto 1 MW
Distributed generation
LV or MV integration
Advantages
Grid Stabilization
Reliable energy supply
Avoids end-user maintenance
Periodic maintenance
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Next Generation of Renewables Based Mini-Grids
Simple integration of different energy sources (PV, wind, hydro, etc.)
Least-cost option
Increasing quality of energy services
Support local infrastructure and economic development
Alternative solution to the national electrical grid
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CASE 1: BAGLUNG MINI-GRIDS
Interconnected Micro-hydro Mini-grids Project (2011)
Baglung district, Nepal
Funded by UNDP and World Bank
Technical support from RERL and AEPC
7 MHP plants (132 kW)
Kalung Khola I and II (12 and 22 kW)Urja khola I,II,III and IV ( 26, 9, 25 and 14 kW)Theule Khola MHP ( 24 kW)
8 km, 11 kV transmission lines
1200 Households
Urja Upatakya Mini-grid co-operatives
Individual power producers
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Positive Effects
Social
Awareness about project
Decreased misuse
End use in income generation
Inter community co-ordination
Increase confidence level
Follow rules and regulations
Mini-grids – social entity for generation, transmission and distribution of rural energy
Technical
Stable voltage and frequency
Upgraded service reliability
24 hrs availability
Soft starting of motor possible
Load sharing between Gen.
Improved fault detection process
Capacity building of operators
End use ( 15 kW communication tower, 40 hp stone crusher)
© RERL
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CASE 2: PV- WIND HYBRID MINI-GRIDS
PV-wind Hybrid Mini-grids (2011)
2 × 5 kW wind turbines
2 kWp solar PV
43.5 kWh/day
46 Households
Rural Energy service company
Hoorhoore Danda co-operative
Financed by ADB
Technical support from AEPC
©AEPC
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Demand Forecast and Energy GenerationTable 1: Demand Assessment and Forecast
SN Electricity Users 2011 2015 2020 2011 2015 2020
1 Households 11.1 15.5 29.3 71.2 95.11 181.54 2 School 4.9 8.2 10.7 23.9 40.31 55.31 3 Health Post - 2.5 2.6 - 15.96 16.56 4 Agro-processing Center 11.0 14.8 15.8 52.0 70.75 14.70 5 Other Public Uses 2.3 2.4 2.5 13.7 14.00 14.70 6 Control-Battery House 4.2 4.4 4.6 28.4 29.64 30.84
Total 33.6 47.8 65.4 189.2 265.8 313.6
Daily Weekly
Electricity Consumption in KWh
© AEPC /ADB
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NEW PROJECT: RENEWABLE BASED INTERCONNECTED MINI-GRIDS
Interconnected Mini-grids for Intensive Rural Electrification in Nepal (IMIREN)
Development co-operation project between Fraunhofer ISE and AEPC
Basic funding from WISIONS initiative, Sustainable Energy Project Support (SEPS)Wuppertal Institute, Germany
Co-financing from Fraunhofer ISE and AEPC
First phase interconnection of:
Daram Khola MHP (70 kW)
Paropakar MHP ( 116 kW)
Second Phase: interconnection of other RE
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Project Details
Paropakar MHP
116 kW
1200 Households
Excess generation
Community Owned
Daram Khola MHP
70 kWp
700 Households
Overloaded
Privately Owned
Regulatory Framework
Dissemination Workshop
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Project Site
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CONCLUSION
Renewable energy access for billions of people has recently become global priority
Basic energy access vs. enhanced energy access
Interconnected Mini-grids transitions
Multiplier effects: Business and Operation Models, Demonstration Projects
Future village energy supply: Renewables based Interconnected Mini-grids
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Thank you very much for your attention!
Questions???
Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE
Binod Prasad Koirala
www.ise.fraunhofer.de