“ drug abuse & mental health ”
DESCRIPTION
“ Drug Abuse & Mental Health ”. LAW Yiu Kwun Advanced Practice Nurse ( Psy.) Substance Abuse Clinic, Kowloon Hospital, H. K. “ Drug Abuse & Mental Health ”. According to the 58th Report (1999-2008) of “Central Registry of Drug Abuse” (CRDA), Narcotics Division, Security Bureau, - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
“Drug Abuse & Mental Health”
LAW Yiu Kwun
Advanced Practice Nurse (Psy.)
Substance Abuse Clinic,
Kowloon Hospital, H. K.
“Drug Abuse & Mental Health”
According to the 58th Report (1999-2008)of “Central Registry of Drug Abuse” (CRDA),
Narcotics Division, Security Bureau, Hong Kong S.A.R.
Reported Drug Abusers (DA):
2007 : 13 5912008 : 14 175 (↑4.3%)
All reported drug abusers
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
year
No.
1數列
“Drug Abuse & Mental Health”
Rising trend for young DA ( < 21’) 2008 : 3 430 An increase of 51% in 3 years Total number of reported DA only ↑0.4%
An worrying rising trend!
Reported drug abusers by age group
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year
No.of
pers
on
Aged 21andaboveAged under21
“Drug Abuse & Mental Health”
2008 :
Heroin Abusers : 7 243
Psychotropic substance Abusers : 8 306
Reported drug abusers of psychotropic substances and opiates
0
5000
10000
15000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
No. o
f pers
ons
Opiates
Psychotropic Substances
“Drug Abuse & Mental Health”
Major Types of Psychotropic Substances:KetamineMethylamphetamine (Ice)Triazolam/Midazolam/ZopicloneEcstasyCannabisCocaineCough Mixture
Reported drug abusers with type of drugs reported (2008)
ketamine
M-Amp. (ice)
Triazolam/Midazolam/Zopiclone
MDMA (Ecstasy)
Cannabis
Cocaine
Cough Medicine
“Drug Abuse & Mental Health”
Ketamine氯胺酮K K 仔仔
Ketamine
分離式麻醉藥(Dissociative anesthetic)
KetamineImmediate effect
Blurred vision Impaired motor coordination Slurred speech ‘near death’ experience
Urology, cardio, pulmonary problem Impaired long-term memory and cognitive
functioning
Psychological effects Euphoria and relaxation Feeling of dissociation Hallucinations and distorted sensory Disorganized thoughts Anxiety, agitation, paranoia Panic
Methamphetamine( 冰毒 )
Street names : ice, speed, fast
“psychostimulants”
-speed up the messages going to and from the brain to the body
Immediate Effects Speed up bodily functions:
-breathing, heart rate, ↑BP, sweating, -enlargement of pupils
Reduced appetite
More energy and alertness:-feel energetic and full of confidence-alert, talkative, restless and excited-difficulty sleeping
Psychological effects
“Amphetamine Psychosis”
-paranoid delusion
-hallucinations : visual, audio, tactile
-bizarre aggressive or violent behaviour
Triazolam/Midazolam/Zopiclone
( 三唑侖 /咪達唑侖 /佐匹克隆 )
白瓜子 , 藍精靈
Sedative Hypnotics
Effect Muscle weakness Sexual problem Menstrual irregularities Lethargy and lack of motivation Drowsy and sleepiness Dependence
Psychological effects Personality change Anxiety Irritability Paranoia Aggression Depression
EcstasyMethylenedioxymethamphetamine
(MDMA)
搖頭丸 Fing 頭 E 仔 狂喜
•1950 Laboratory use
•1960/70 Happies
•1976 USA Pychologist – “empathy agent” )
•1980/90 Rave party
Immediate Effects
Dilated pupils Heightened sensation Jaw clenching, teeth grinding Increased heart rate / BP/Temp. Sweating Poor muscle control
Psychological effects
Increased confidence and energy Loss of inhibition Feeling of well being Feeling of closeness to others Anxiety Pananoia, agression and psychosis
Cannabis( 大麻 )
A depressant drug
-not make you feel depressed
-but, slow down the activity of CNS
Major chemical :
Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
-psychoactive agent
Immediate Effects
↑ heart rate, ↓BP Reddened eyes ↓coordination and balance Feel relaxed, less inhibited Affect vision and perception of time and
space Affect memory, confused and disoriented
Cocaine( 可卡因
Street names : “Coke”, 可樂 , “Crack”
The most common form is
“Cocaine hydrochloride”
-a white, crystalline powder with a bitter, numbing taste
Immediate Effects
Dilated pupils ↑Body Temp, heart rate & BP More awake & no need for sleep Euphoria, pleasure ↑libido Anxiety, paranoia, agitation
Long-term effects
Insomnia, exhaustion Eating disorder Hypertension and irregular heart beat Cerebral atrophy Anxiety, paranoia Depression Hallucinations
Cough Medicine( 咳藥 )
Cough Mixture or Cough Syrup ( 咳藥水 )
Long term overdose
Dental problem Respiratory depression Constipation Loss of appetite Dizziness Depression
Thank you!