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researcher's own work, and has not been submitted elsewhere for any other
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d=582
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-
An-Najah National University Post Graduate Faculty
Palestinian Partisan Journalism Reliance on Rumors and the Impact on Political Development in the West Bank and Gaza
Strip (Fatah and Hamas Movements as a Model)
Prepared by Khalaf Jamal Yousef Khalaf
Supervised by Dr. Raed Nairat
This thesis was submitted to complement the requirements of the Masters Degree in Planning and Political Development at the Post Graduate Faculty at An-Najah National University in Nablus, Palestine.
2008
-
b
Palestinian Partisan Journalism Reliance on Rumors and the Impact on Political Development in the West Bank and Gaza Strip
(Fatah and Hamas Movements as a Model) Prepared by
Khalaf Jamal Yousef Khalaf Supervised by
Dr. Raed Nairat
Abstract
Traditionally, the Palestinian interest was focused on liberation and
the establishment of the Palestinian state, or specifically, on the pattern of
relationship with the Israeli occupation. However, thanks to a number of
developments, most important among which is the creation of the
Palestinian National Authority, the Palestinians began to form other
interests that could be summarized in achieving development, a great part
of it was in the political arena. However, a number of obstacles appeared
thwarting all theoretical and practical efforts to achieve this development,
among which was the absence of political stability.
After reviewing a group of factors that negatively impacted the
political stability, it became clear that one of the most important of these
factors could be framed within what this researcher had called "the rumors
in the partisan journalism," thus the researcher's interest in this topic, such
that this study is an attempt to reveal the form, nature, and the direction of
the relationship between rumors and political stability, and political
development, which is a compound relationship in that more than one
factor are tied to this relationship .
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Building on that idea, the research was based on a basic hypothesis,
the gist of which says: that rumors in the Palestinian partisan journalism
negatively impact political development in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
This is illustrated by a few points, most prominent of which is that rumors
in the partisan journalism contributes to the eventual disintegration of the
Palestinian society, as well as create confusion among the citizens. Rumors
in partisan journalism creates a glum atmosphere, stirring tempers, making
the internal situation more tense, and creating a culture of hostility that
prevents the Palestinian national dialogue, given that every party uses it to
weaken, and libel the other party.
Testing the hypothesis required the researcher to divide the study
into five chapters. The First Chapter discussed the importance of the study,
its background, its hypothesis, and method, in addition to presenting a
literary review of the study. The Second Chapter, the researcher presented
a conceptual detailed description of the rumors, types, goals, methods of
influence, journalistic relevance, the public opinion, and the political
decision, to be immediately followed by the Third Chapter which presents
an introduction of the Palestinian partisan journalism, and including a
summary of its goals, history, and its relationship with rumors.
The goal of the last two chapters is to lay the foundation for a
theoretical rule, through which abstract concepts are converted into
procedural reality. This is what became apparent in Chapter Four which
included an analysis of a sample of the partisan journalism depending on a
scientific model developed by the research to measure the credibility of the
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partisan journalism and its role in the internal Palestinian harmony, which
came as result of discussing three issues in which partisan journalism
played an influential role, they are: corruption within the Palestinian
Authority's ministries and institutions, the national unity government, and
the internal strife between Fatah and Hamas.
The Fifth and last chapter of the study included analysis of the
conclusions, most prominent among which is the Palestinian partisan
journalism as represented by a sample of the study, did not pay much
attention to the requirement of creating a dynamic atmosphere for a vital
civil society capable of making progress. Rather, it helped fuel the
Palestinian internal strife and reinforced the division among the political
parties over the national common denominators when it relied mostly on
misleading information and rumors.
The conclusions show that the partisan journalism played a major
role in simmering the emotions and promoting animosity within the
society. It even went further than that when it legitimized infighting as a
prelude to justifying it and making it more palatable. This thwarted the
possibility of creating a harmonious political body with all the parts
working in full cooperation and coordination, and forced the door wide
open for dissention in the West Bank and Gaza.
At the end of the study, the researcher recommended that Palestinian
partisan journalism take a number of coordinated and orderly steps in order
to improve its performance and enhance its situation, as well as gradually
strengthen its position. Among such recommendations was seeking
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honesty, integrity, and thoroughness when covering events, as well as
eschewing rumors that only serve to confuse the Palestinian society as well
as disintegrate its stability and progress. Moreover, the researcher
recommended avoiding negative terms and expressions, adopting the
principle of accountability instead of mistrust and attacks.
Finally, the researcher recommended that Palestinian factions sign a
Letter of Media Principles or a Covenant of Media Honor that may lead to
crating a system to regulate the workings of partisan journalism in the
future, and specify its tasks. Moreover, the researcher recommended
organizing training courses and seminars for those working in the partisan
journalism.
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