l( A H A}|}l

Ali D,,t

Bo, oicc, oi:yA a ai

1944-1946

io A

Hoa cepi, o 8

National Aademy of Sienes of UkraineM. s. Hrushevs'kyi lnstitute of Ukrainin

Arheography andSoure Studies

"Litopys UPA" Publishing HouseStte Committee for Archives of Ukraine

central State Arhive of Publi Associations ofUkraine

Litopys UPANew Series, Volume I

Volyn, Polissia, Podillia:UPA and its Rear Line

1944-1946

Douments and Materials

Kyiv 2006 Toronto

Haioaa Aei ay pail ry yp aiho a pxeopa .

a x(epeoaai. M. G. pyecKoo HAH paih

Bao .,io yA''t.ep

i ipai oye epia A-ii i yA-ie, paooo pooy oyH y3 i HBPO' a ao iexipoii i pyyp, o i a epopli Boi, oi oi 1944_1946 pp. floye iIolo oioilpooy aa pafi epoii opi opo ei aopaii aioo-oHoo pyxy oiy oopyypiy epxay' a oic ir poKo iopiopito pT ii o aepuJe .Q.pyo iooT i.

This vo|ume ontains documents of the Command of the UPA.Northad the UPA-South' and of the Krai leadership of the oUN PZUZ and of theNational-Liberation Rvolutionar organization (NVR?)' as well as subordi-nte organizations and units that functioned in Voln, Polissia and Podillia in1944- 1946' These douments shed light on little known heroic stuggle for anindpendent, unified, Ukrainian state at the end and after World War Two.

Peaia pa:

. oxAH (iooa), . ol (iooa),. oyo, . oP, . Al.lJKE, . oK|,

P. Pl' . yAA' . lllAoA

ditorialboard:

P' SKI1N, ( o-chairman), P, PolCNYJ ( co-chairman),S. BUNV, H. BoRlAK, la' DASHKEWC, V. LoZYs'KYl'

R, PYRI, L' FUALA' lu. SHAPVL

op:o. oK, . oKlH

Compilers:' VOVK' S' KoKlN

Peaop o. Bo

op !]oKa ' Cepeeapia-ae . K

lsN 966-96340-5-9 (Ukraine)lsN 0-920as2-a2-9 (Canda)

@ ''ioc "' 2006@ Litops UPA' 2006

aopoM oo or ,,ioc A'' e opol

Bo opoi.oaa o aaay' pBeoo opoi A a BoHi i oicci.

,(epeop H ea

By

ai ai pooye epoB o ooi epi..ioyA''' KoM peaei oye i aepia paioioaooi ApiT a [ ai - TpyKp opaiai paxHaloaii i Hapoo BooI PeoioT opaiai _po opaioBaH py opoy ypaToo aioa-Ho-oH px a Boi, oii i oii ( i)1 y1944-1946 pp.' oo i pxoy epooi apii (A) i paoiaiicpai a o a epeoy opo oi op po-Hoo ||.

oi ipao i.o, HaKa, poope, ip-ii, i, ii oye i aepia, ii K aiaoeH H pa,HK M eopaa HeoH M| \ayoi i io e yiya. Bipoe paoepa Ta eoKpai i ai pall a Mo)iB|Kpa a HaoBo opaoBa KoC aKp| apx|H|o, oKpea aHoo .[epaoo apxiy Cy eeoaT .

PeyaoM aoo opaaH i a a ip' aa pe.aeoo HoM aepiay r poHooio-ea-H M po.t].o)KeH H M iooj a ai ipao oyeaii,ieoi po oi ooi epi ''iocy A'' _ ..BoH ioi: A a ai, 1943-1944'' (Ki-opoo, 1999), a yeio oMa apoi epii, oyioa Kaai pe-x oooi A a Boi i oii.

t a opaiat (pao) ttoio pai.x ei eMeBoa, Pieca, opca' aia a|1a K|coj oacipai. a i.ei pao pececoj i oicoi oace iopi a-,a iio-ai,,i pai.i ei (), io-ii pai'i ei(C) BKa 194 p epopi epar]X, ni a ci' eeKpai, oo peioo ioci a IC Ka'e-oia,Bia a ia aCa K|oj aci'

Coiaeo, o opHei oye i aepia po- ie ia a HeoaHo eH epio. paoaioao-oHoi opo i a y aoi i, xoia oi apaaix opio yao iopi.ipaT, iy oi oi iyaeT B ypaoy cyi-i, a aKo o i aeoy apyixi.

B apia epeo Mao .oei, i iopaxaTii aioao-Booo py' Haioii x,oKpeMa yiai, iipai opHKa|\V| Jl yiaii. oepeKoHa ix aei. poKpT TeM, KopoKo H-l\4o Ha iopiopai poe a oHeMo e ioy.,epe-y ay eH oBcaHKoT a iioi opo Ha epTo-pii Boi, oi i oi 1944-1946 poa.

apaepo poto oiio pao[ icopiopaiT yoe, o oa e ia opoy A i oH Ha aHaei epo-pi y a epio.pyoi iooi i a oBoeHH oy iaaHoo KoHTeK .,oo ioi ypaicx ypya-x aioaici,'2. Booa ypaTca apixa iopiopaipoaa iic A a ai y iio-axioy peioie paMeHapHo. ec, Haaepe, po pai M. ee,. Mipya, . aoKoo, . Tc-KpoMaKa, i a aoio yai oaHoy pyi a Ha oHoi oeaxi eyap ie ai poKo i ii Ai oH pai.

Hoaopo par ca iiopai o.0, ' o-a4, o ai poii Koo pBaBC .ioipox opai, oKpea A, a Boi. Aop, o-i, po-po yiepaH MeoH CeM ayi oiepooi opo.

2 e B.' P M' iMl4 panopavt' - K., 1956; ,a-eo C. T.,Qopoo a ipa' - K.' 1972; ,0'p K eae. - i,1974; epeeo B., Aaoi pa. - K., 197B; xaa A.B. Haoa- pa p,XC, - M,' 1986: ,,ao B'A, ''pai|ca ocaa pi'': a i oi, - K,' 19B9'

3 ee |v4' A. - pecoe po BP, 1946: ipK ' paicaoc.aa Apti, 1942-1952' . 195; aoc . .'pai.ca oaaApi,,, lopi pai.coo ica.( P' l Top)' _ Biie' 195; Ts-Krokhmaliuk Y. UPA wartare in Ukraine. - New York. 1972.

a oo . iiopail o pol1oi opo Boi' - Topoo,1 976.

10

197 p. pooao co iHi ..Bao iocA'', .[o 2o4 p. o ' .ei oi pox epix, i-ooex a ooi epexex apxii a eyapi. ,{eia H, K )Ke aHaao! eoepeo ciBa i-i A a 5.

Bi oay 90-x pp. y , oBo Mo)Boci oao- ooBHM KoMeKcoM oyei A i oH a paHKaplo-aiipax i ceiaHX opai' o o HeaBHoy axoai apix eoax, HaKoi o pooai oi ocie aioao-BBooi opoa o,ax He oi i poei. .[o yiaii oyei iaepiai ii eMaK IpLClA I. iac, B. Cepiy,. aoa a iiaxii6.

Bao HeoK B HayKo popoy poe He eHpoooT py iopi p |yi iopiT paT HAH pall epioM C. Kyoo (KT)7, a ya cTopea ppoi oii eH}{ ioi oH i A, a p ooie eopTai aee pai i epioM. C (i)B. Cyace ae ioci A a Boi,oicia Xoi aee y ipax HayKoB pa |

5 ioc pai.coi ocaoi' Apii, _ Topoo, 1976, - T' 1 ; Topoo,1977, - T' 2; Topoo, 19B4. - ' 5'

6 iac l' Pepeco-Kapaa ceMa pai.i, 1917.l95' - K.' 1994'- T, 2; Cepi B. oH.A po i. oi oe i aepia, _ K'' 1996;Cepi B, lec pex i, aiopai.ci ei 1944-1953 pp' HoioK^ne i aepia' _ K.' 1998; Cepi B, Aa pa,ci apa' - K.'2001 ; l1JaoBa oH i A a epei oi ( 1 944- 1 947 ), - K.' 2000; iocecopeoi.pai. ,Qoe, aepia' coat. _ i, 1993. _ T' 1; i,1997. _ , 2,

z iapC'l'' pel,B,' iopo,l, oaiai poiiH a A ( 1 945- 199B pp. ). - K. ' 1999; ot iopij pa|co| ocacojapii' tepaBl1 apiooax pa|, Aooa oKaK oi A(1942-1946), - K.' 1999. _ B. 1;otl icopii pai.coi'ocacoi apii,B epaB apxiocoa pai' ( 1941- 1957). ooa l1oKKK o,hapiopai PCP' i6ac opoa A. - K' ' 2000.

_ B' 2; KoiC'A' Aooa oav oi icopii oH i I1A oa,ep

yKpaioHaa i. t. Kp,Kea HAH pai (i)9. a poHeaeHoi pai o poM o eia oi apoi'aooT cepi ..ioy A'', aHa oKMeHi x aKo Co-e eMaK aHoo oy10.

ocai poKaM aiyaac ioToBKa oopai-x poi]1, aop K, eMoHp HaHH pe..MeTa oi-xeH, CaBT aao HoBx aaH, oKpeMa, K HoHa |K|a| ||Ho-oaHKoo py BopaHH pa.0'H-KM opaHaM epxeeK CeBoipoii A (,,eo.o''1.l 2. B opex pa po.'ae aKTa oaoTapMi13.

paii iop, C pa a apxi i .)e pea, oaTao) a| aH| .aH| po pepe|l oo HaeeHH'oKpeMa po.l{ yai iio-oaKoo pyx. e-x pooax aaiy o.iT eHx peioax a Ha ooiKoKpeX iopai oixy x oa' .{oiopKc BaK aH ypao.oK io pi.oy .[pyoi iooi i, oKpea pooH A i Api

9 Bo i Xaa 19B-1947. oco-paj'ce 11poCoH aoo i' ,Qoie oKMe, coat - i, 2003 : paiaoaca Api opoi po oaiap pei, _ i, 204'

10 ea oia A // ioc pai,coj. oacoj pi|' _ Topoo-i, 1992. - T. 23; epeo p. 3a pai,, a ii o // ioc paiotocacoi Apii., - Topoo-i, 1999. - T, 27; Ca M. Tca opi //ioc paioi ocaoi Api|' - Topoo-i, 1995. - T' 28; e,aoia A // ion paioi.ocacoi Apii' - Topoo_i, 2001- , 32, , 2; B,a oooo Koaa // io A. oa epi'- Ki.-Topoo, 1995' - T, 1; Bo i oi: A a ai, 194_1944 //ioc' Hoa cepi, - Ki'-Topoo, 1999. -T.2; opoa po i ai-oaicoo ii: pei ,oe K Koapii,Kpaj, 194_1959// iol1c A. oa cepi.- Ki_Topoo' 2001. _ ' '

l1 Koc B. paia i ac ,Qpoi. ciooi. i. 198- 1945, - Kj'.ap--op_Topoo, 1992; Kei B' pai,ca oaca Api 1944-1945 pp' - K'' 1999; Ki 'B' pai.a oBcaca pi 1946_195 p'_ K.' 1999; Kp,l , ap iopii pai'coo aioao-B'1tsol1oop 40.50 poi )(X coi' _ i, 2000; Pcaeo A. Hapo pe _ K.,2002,: o . Me epo Cat' pace oBcaI. _ al.eep6p, 2004,

12 iac |' Pepeco.Kapaa ccea pa|i. 1917-195. _ K'' 1994-. 1.

13 Taeo C, ocaecKa ap: aKKa opt. - , I\,4'' 200.|4 li |.l' .1 ipai,ce aH po,Qpoi ciaoj itt

( cii nocK|4x.oei)' _ K,' 2000; lLu l.l. poco A iAK(Apii Kpaooi') po,Qpoi'ciooj'i a i ioci ocoa ii ai,i paii. - K,,2001.; Itap. Tpaei Boc i 1943.1944 pp- i' 2003.

12

Kpaoo (AK) a Boi14. Q x poeMaKa poaaca.eiox iapox ceiapay1 5.

oe aoM xe opeo eH iopiopaiopoo .oi.e ie MaK. Coiao' o io-oee .aH ao) pMe ie .xepeHo'i a,looMoxe B Heepe.')KeHoM oMeHHI KaHx | paMa-x oi oo ac.

Bi oo-aiipaHa pKTpa aioaHo- BBo-Hoo pX a 3 i 3 opyaa y 1943 p., e a aciHaoi oyaii. B oaoax oH i A peioax 3 oaoiac a po (poa opoa yA) i ai (io-o-aiipaBHa ii oH). aooaoaHX xixpaoax a a C3 o pyxi y oaHco-i.i opax.

Ha oa 1944 p, a epexoy ieKo-pa.o,HKoopoy' oBaHK p Ha epTopi ee opaiaiHo oo-ac eepa oKpa (o) A, i aKox HaBaeepa ioM oKpa (Bo). oa Bo ia a i oHa opa Ha . 3aae epio oca-cKM pxoM e)a Bo ia paoi KoMaHyBaHH: Ha - A-ii, a a C - A-ie.

Ha oi ooi Bo a ioi.oo paooo KoMa.ya.H co KoMaH.p, epya A iai (ii oH).Kepio A a ya aeee iHBaoc a.ooMoo iooo i oioo ai. !o epoo o- oepa, poiya16, ocoap, io-o-i, oiHo-BXo ii. o oiHooa Bo | ypi o- oi i o i o - o i i.i. Kpi iooo i oioo ai, KoMaHlaHHBo ia ii (peepeyp) 'y i epooo xpec.a ().

3ai A Bo (ii oH) epya i.,e oa-py Bo KoHaH. Aapa ai oi Ha peae-i ix aHKaX i Bo o ai (ii ei) nipoi(pepep) - opaiaio-oiiaiy, Cyxy eeK,

|5 paj'a-oa: ai a. - Bapaa, 1998, - T. 1 -2; Bapaa,199B. -T, ; BapuLaa' 1999. -T' 4; Bapaa' 2000, -,5'

16 iiio Bicooi' 6 ene (BC), a ioio aao peepep Cx ee (C).

13

ooap, ciHo-oiTH Ta .ooixi ipeeperyp'Ky i epooo pea.

opaiaiHo-epopiaa yoa ai A (iioH) a 3 y opii 1943 p. a eKM HeeKMHKaM aa eio' Hoo io opaia-i a ca17, eia aH o'eai y]B (2-5 a-). .[eia yi (2-5) o'eac ipao, eiaipaoi cKaa pao, eia paoi (3-6)_ ioapao, .,eia apaoi _ ioa oKpa (Bo), ei-Ka oKp _ eepaa ioa oKpa (Bo)' ao pa-e(3, 3),

Ha oa 1944p' epopi Bo a 33 pooia aop Bo: ,.apaa,']9, .,oH'' (..i''i20, .,Tpi',21, ..THHK,,22.iii pKp oH a C yyBa| a aaMopaiaiHM paKa i oiv:'C Ha oKpy a apao.Hi i, pH opaiaioI eoxoeoci peioy, poyi paeHapHo.

opieoa ei aKBHX yai ai (eii aai oH, Haa oH) a 3 i C3 aoa o2 c' oi, a ii ai py opaxoBaa ecTKa- oi.

opaiaia oa A a 3 i C3 i 1943 p. yaHacHo: axa ooa aHKa _ pi ( epe.HoMy .| 0 oi,eiae i.ie peypol apii), 3-4 po cKa.a oT(iii; o); 2-3 o - coH (ii; poa); 2-5 oe _ypi (aao); 2-3 ypei - ai (o); 1 -5 aoi - py(ii). 1944 p. ao aaa oa i po o coi,a i aHK' pcoco o oca opo, oi-Ho peopaiya i a iiyai oooci a HaB.opea, 1944_1945 pp. ei o,ea pioex i-poii A Haa aoa, paa i '.0,a-

17 aeoci i ioci ei a |,loa toaKoBo ,ic aocepeK - aK 3-5 oi.

|8 p opaiaioi eooeoci ci acee i KoBaaKa oa i i cai ia ipao.

|9 Baa y, Kooi, Cape B pai.i a Co,i iopci,

20 Baa Pie, ,oi,,i, Kpeee'21 Baa Boop - Bo , opoi, Koe pai.i,

epece, Kop iopci a Xo, i oi.22 Baa Kopeu, oa Piecoi o., opc, ai

ua Kicoj,o' pai.i a iei pao oicoj.o' iopci'

14

HI\2' Ha pKpH opai A a 33 iC ioio A-ii a A-ie.

epi ooi 1944p. i i.poi A Ma HaTHpyp i oa Ka. A-ii: KoMaH.p ..aHa Moyp,,(..oe Kp'', ..oxpiM'', .[po Kifi)2a; ueiooo ay (B) ..Kapo,' (..Moa KpeM,HeK'',Mao Mei), ,.KM'' (..'', op ep); oixo( x. )

.,acaBK'' (.. aa,', i yce ).

pa .,apaBa'': KoMaHp .'!o', (..MaKM'', IBaHy) , ..!ae,' (,.pi'', Cea e); B...{.

.,peKo'' (..p'', .'opeH'', .,Mpo Kopie),..Coa', (Boop Pyao); x.,,v1g|,' (CeaKoe). ao py:,.aypK|', - KoMaH.p..aKa', (..aya'', Aa P),,.eeH''; ..KopCyHK'' _KoMaHp,. aaKa,, (a Ca), ..poK'' (.po Ka);..p''25 - KoMaH.p'.op,' (poa Xa),.. aa i '' (A ao i M o ) ;,. Capoc '' - KoaH p .. Ky Ma,'('.Kopa',, Maap M); ,.Xai', - KoMaHp .,pi''(,.Pyaeo'', CeaH Koa),'.B. opoa''.

pya ,.o'': KoMaH.p ..PoMaH'' (..e'', epo oi),B ..p,' (,'ep'', .{po Kaa)26, . ',Cepea''.Kpei (,a) p i oaaHM: .'aaaHa'',..yaoo,' (Api Tpay),'.Koya'' (,.Bp'',,..tl,oKC'', CeeKo), ...[oa'' (la oo),,.Kpe'' (.,Heo'', CeaTpoxy)z7, " |/1a'' (..'', oeap Kaa ), ..Maa', ( |aCao). ..Heaa''' ..PoBa,' (,.CopaH'', oeap Ce),,.Map'' (oeap Kao), ..pa'' (pi yo),,,eHa', (..p'', Moa Cy) a i.28. aa opyapy ia oKpeMM ipoia.

2 ',a ,'aap'' (pa ',T'', -iiu) i ''Xoo r" (-i.e) apaoBBa ii 1944 p, ioio 148 i aeo 2 c' oi,

24 B| oo o CepH 1 944 p ,' Kic epe6a o ie co-po ieo-patHCKoo po' a aa' KoMa.pa A-ii ao-Bo BKol1BaB . c'

25 epei 1 944 p. ai o peao o cKa p ',T,',26 i opaeHl1 pai 1 944 p, !,' Kaaa' oo' B eo o.

a',apatu'' ( oipo _ opi aopo)'27 ii 1944 p. pi epeao to CKa p',T''28 eBo, ii 1 944 p' Kpi ( 'ea) pn ,,o'' eei 'ea-

,,,Qoa'' i ,,Xoo p,,' epe i, aa,a ,'aaaa'' cai pe-i ('ea) '',Qoea'' i ',aao'' ic oi i.' pa pao a y peia p' Cu, 'ea .'Xoo p,' i KoMaBa ',cea'' ( Cry) 2i 1944 p' epeao .o Ka A-ie'

1

pya ..Typi,': KoMaHp ,'Kaa'' (',P'', piCeay), B .,BoaK,' (oei y)' x. .,Xyp''.3ao p: i. |. oya (..oy',) - oap ..CoCeKo''('. Ki'', oppi Ao ), ..opi', (.. ooeHKo,', oei poa); ,.i'' _ KoaHp ,,c'' (.'aK'', |aKa); ..oa'' _ KoMap ..Haap Kpa', (K).aca opya p ia ope ipo ia.

pa ..T'': KoMaHp ..oea i,' (.,BepeaKa,,,eip Bopoe)' B ..Ba Beepa', (epo yoa), x..,epo Ceaeo,' (..ope'', epe Moa). 3,a p:..aap''_ KoMaHp,,oeo'' (..ao'', MKoa Me),,. Kpy'' _ KoMaH p ..ope o', (.,'' ) ;

..Me K'' - KoMaH -

p ..KapeHKo'' (..pKo'', i oi). cxix peioax Boi opei lpoi py29.

Ha ovay 1944p' epopi C paopoao y Bo,a ii a i ipoi py .,KoaK''0 a ii iiapi op-MaHH peopaioao B A-ie31, KoMaHp .'ei''(,,e'', Ba Ky); B .,oaBeHo'' (.,.,aKo',, .,ayK,',oeap .,ao), .,MKoa'' (.,Kpoa'', Bac po),..oHapeHo'' (eoi Cy); x. ..Cepi'' (..oa'',Mxao Cea).

Caaa A-ie ypei i oao ..CaKa''(oa Kaa), ,,Kpya', (|a Ku), ,.poo'' (poai), ..Haaa'' (Cea Ca), ..MaKCa'' (MaCopyc), a aox oKpeMX py i iiii. ii 1944 p'o ei epeo py ..o'' 'rlHaHH ..Xoo p''y ai pei i oayBaHHM ..PoBa'' (..Copa''), ..Ko)ya',

(..Bp'') i..Maa''.aaa ei A a i C a oaK 19a4p.

aiyaa 5-7 c. oi, a paxBaH iell iiapxpKp (oT, ii aooopo) - 1 5-2o ., p e-o oiiaioy oeiai' Haei 1944 p,, i po-BeeHH oiiaiT, ei A a i C3 ya10 c. oi. poe, e pai _ Ha oaKy epH BHac|..oK

29 opea, ie paoax ropcoi o. i ai ai 7 p(o 50 oi) i oaa|t4 ea polol] B ,'T'' ',ppouLa'' (epoKxapl),

30 a copoaa BoCe 194 p' ipoii p ',o'' i-oi a epopii C iTpacicpi|,

3l PooiK aKa . 2/44 B I1A i 26 ci 1944 p. a -ie opeMoo a'qpecaa ( ioc paioi ocaoi.Apii. - Topoo,1989. -. 1. - C. 16)'

16

MaCaHx oepai oK BHpiHi BiK (BB) HKB a i.-poii epooi apii (A) ii A oa BKo CeoeHa.

aae iope o .0,o aeeoi opaiaio poy-o i ioi A a ai 1944 p. opa pa io-a ia, i ypai aioao.BoH pyx yixoo opa aKHo HaMaaB pa aCHy po' Haeapii 1943 p. ieo-pa.HKoo po o ooeoCaHKM pXoM peioi paoepeoT pai oHa.o oeo iooBKo oTaHHoo o opo pa-Ko ao. L{ iooKa eac l( pe| api pyx, a iepe |Hoo HaeeHH.

opaiaia pooa oaa epepyyai , ee-pa iaii i o c ipaiT, opea i.i i A, ooBo. oo,ap -cKoM aeeei (ioya pio, epi, ooap-cK ai _ aai) i . . Cyio-oia iooaiaa a ooMoo icpyi, xoo-iooypi (ipa), opi HaceeHH, po'HBaoi poo aIH.

Booa o iooeHo Kap .o poaaoi aiiepe ii Haaoi epooi apii. BooBeHo eKyiic BepHeH-ioK, HaeeH HKax apoa.xeHoMacoe aH Ha T|Ha Ha|oHaHo-oH' apaH.x a aie i i ae.

o epy, pa.HKoT opo pyya ieo-o a ii.aiT ypacoo BBoHoo (,,aioaio-aoo'') pyy Ha oaK 1944p. Ha epTopi yaii ei 'ea epBoHX apai aaHo e-i.o ]0 . oci. Ko pa, Bel aKT poiyi oi eeKt ieM acHa, apTa, oKpeMay iix a iox paoax, ao axe B KoHr Ceo'.e a y o.i eH ipoia A, iiyayai BBoHoo p, BKpBaLl i a6pa ooapicKa., ( aa ), H ya poaa i a -aCa.

Heei K i ei oi ix A a epBoHM ap.aHaM iyc epei yixo y ioi paoi. Cepe i, oKpeMa, o ype ..Kop'' ipoi-a PieHCKoo 'HaH N9 1 (oap Ba ea),ypei .,Kp'' i ,.Coo'' ipoia epiioo 'e-HaHH (oap oei eopo), aoy i. l. oya (oa-p .,CoeHKo'') 1- paIo apaHCo iiei. C.A. Koaa (oap epo Bepopa). Haio oTaH-

17

Hoo o ya paa apii i ]944 p. oaHoi aaoy i' |. oa - ..Ci'' cHapHx iax a Boop-Boi.

ii 1944p, ipoi A i Ha oaoay A ai ai epopi ' a epopi C3 oaco pa.HCK opoH' By-a oaK eH 1944p. iiieo-paHKoo poy caiiyaa i poa ep-opie paoi: Pao. Koe.Top - Kpeee-Tepoi . oie CTopo aa i aia aHa Bocoioai. aao a 33 i epeao oHa.,500 . pi-opi i Bopo A api. ,[ ypaKoo BoHo-o px pooa |1oB, ipa epio ioi.

eaM Tpaa po epea ii ipo-ii A' epexo eioo oKpeMM HeeK i-ia _ oaM, pie CoHM, pe y ioi ieoi.B ix a.o.Ka, y ei ieocx, i.i poeHo-ac i epeya B eax i o ei po, ao aBacHo iooe Xoax (pIax, yepa). HepiopaKKBa epei po i., .'oM epoH ap-ai. Haipi ai p epeoi poy Maa Maoaeoiiai ipoii. Booa A Ha paHcK opo e p e a i i i o a i o a|1|^x i.i i .

epi i aoeHH pao aiicpai ai- BTpa aHaa oo.apa ia A. HeoaH KoH-ipai, aKHa ii aeHp opai epxeeK p- B e o i i.aii o 7 5o/o op atai o - i Ko B X ai (iex oB, aai).

Bo oepai ipi KoMaHyBaH, ipoi. A Haaa He BCya y oT ayao epooapie. oa, aH A a BB HKB.' iopoai po apa- XapaKep ioi BoHoo p, ipay p-1 o oo iiail32. 3a pa.HcKo ii, o.i epix o ix A i A i a Capei 12 i 1B i1944p. oi ipoi aoi,'aa'' i .,peM,', aHaHeeK pa, iy. poe a oTaKo ii-, 18 ci 1944p. oH i aoy .'pe'' i oaya-

2 po oiopoaic paHCKX ic ot,o ',opooi apaco|ioci pai'co.ieK aioaici'' ci ,ooi,a aaKaoipai 1-o pai'coo po eepa.aopa C. aioa ceKpea-p K K() . Xpo(epa pxa api poacx o'eapai, ai - L1'0'A, . 1, o, 23, cp, 90' ap' 11-12)'

3 LJA1' . 1, o. 23, p' 930' ap 16.

18

HM ,.BopoHa'' (Ba opoeo) Maa poeoy ii aCapei epeo 6i paHCK io ipoi-o34.

o ie opoH poy Bepax i oii Haaao|C|vloe a| B|. apai i oai. ioeioA xi |/1|1|1|K ioi o oai (epeoopi) poyaepaiya a6o a a i i ipoi. apo ieo-pai oa, |.0' aBa, o Ha aao 6 aopoei oy epia A i oH. o.a, oaaopoo oaaX B.Koix oox i o e iya. B aeoi i aT aCH|B KoHaKTBaHHpeTaT y pi i oC ooHo o aKH yo.o.o epeMie, oi y i opale, ooHeHM, HaaH HMieo opoHo po'

Haaa iol copo Co iopya oioBaHcKl |.'po.| He Ma yixy. 3opea, a Boop.Boi KoaHBaH A B.ao BBC | ooeH- ai i. |' oya (1200 o.), a KoHoo oo oa.,.pa ,.Coea'' (oppi Ao) ..a oopeHH ieoKao,' yo popio. B ix peioax -aei1944p' y ox ie iaM aHa opaoK lrypeH|..Kpya'' (|a K), ..Mopoa'' (popi Ka) a iiei ipoi. ax HlMeKM aHaML4 aHB py ..Typi,' o. .'Boa,' (oei y)a oea Bo,.oH'' xop. ..aKa'' (Cep aoa).

oao 1944p' a ooT opo Ha paT-Ko-oi ar. ao ipo yo o'aHe iCBopeHHM i iic a Boo.p-Boi, Koei,a aKo oi a pyeii (oa) ox io-Bo-apaKx ipoii. lx ooo y ioea 27 -aBoa ii AK a ..aaoH oKi', (X). Haaa27-t iii o a Boi ..oepa poip', ypiopo poB Aa ai. Ha peii eo_io1944 p. o ix A a oKM ipoia apa po-ooo apaepy3S. i ixoy pa.HKo-ieoopoy ypaTo-oCKe poe poToH a Boioao BKo HKaT. Ha poay oM Ha KpalHcK

34 epa ep

eHiH epopi Xo a pyeiH oi epoe epe)a iee36.

poo Ha Tepopi 3 epoo apiT a poo-aa opaiai pa.H aiicpao-api i pe-peH opai (HKB' HK) a ix. Bioa KoHp-poia .,CMlp'' i BB HKB aii 1-o paTcKoo a 1-oiopyoo poi aKHo a

..oeHHM'' peioyi .,opox eeMeHi'''

ex paoax ppooo y paKHo ipaypooaa oaHa oiiai ooioo HaeeHH .0,oA37. aoa x oiiai pooaa aei, opea 1 e-peH 1944p' _ Piei oaci. 3aao epi iipoKy Piei i Boi oax yo oiioBaHo oHa]00 c. oi. Moiiai ypoo.)aac HeBKo a ipiyHK aH oopai, oy aeeHH oo ao- aa ipoi BB HKB i A' ii Kx ioy aapaKep oi (oa)8. HalJa oiiai a epoT HaeeHH y epei-ii 1 944 p. ca oie pHHaHoo poaH eHoi iii A'

cee ie A a oaK eH 1944 p, Cpoo->Bao HapoaHHM pa.t].HK opai, C pMoBa-Hx Ha ii iiai. opea, poeKy iy epeap l-{K K()M. poa eKpeap K BK() . CaiH Bar, o oPieoi i Boo oae 6o Hapaeo i pa- BB HKB a oepai py HKB. i HK, a iei opaHKB i HK opaioya ..aeypy iy Ha e, aaKox yai ..A'' i ..HPA'', i aca ix y ..a ,0' po.aoo poo''9.

ayac TaKo) ii axo.,: BopeHH KoHoM paoi paHKx apai aoi HKB (a 13 epe 1944p,yo opeo 19 aoi aaHo ei 1581 oi),py 5 pa B HKB., opoe oax a paoxai pao aiipaii, ee ie oaiy iaei iceoi PP a . i.40.

6 Haei 1945 p. tia a Xoca oKpa a epeaa o cKaaepocoo Kpa (ai,opaj.ci ei - 3),

37 a ep oo 1 944 p, Pieci oaci o oiioao 1 0676oci pai.coo acee (l LAo' , 1' o, 2, cp, 930, ap' B-41)'

8 Ha 15 i 1944 p, Pieci oaci 57677 oiioa 10500oci, oo ooo n'oo, o o6iioBa|1o ., 11pMcoBo op,K'' ( LIo', 1, o. 23, cp, 890' ap, 41 ).

39 l LAo' ' 1, o.23, p. 703, ap. 13.4oTa cao' ap 17-19,

20

i oo o, o p aaox ieoTX HaMaaB-c aKHo poi aoeHH pa.llo aiipaii aoiiaii o A: iac Haa a paep i aeeiy41 ; iiyac aa., pix opai; y ipaax -BaC C1Kv| epe HaeeHH i ioooo,a;poBo.aC aKHa aHpa aiaia aai a Har i.,aM Koo oopai Ha opoax o ipx yi.

Kepio p, epeaa epceK paT opo- ayoM ooBix peepi ooHeHH ocaHKi.poii' Ha oaTKy epe 1944 p. pooao opoiia.i o A. opea, Ha Mioi (Piea o.) oa oaa- i a epe. o.ir pH po o A ao yoep i aH poKoo poopTaHH oBTaHo iol Hpax, ieHX Ta cxix peioax pai. Baiooiial oaKi i.poi Ko po eHo.Haee iioeHH Koix yai A o oopa.i epio Kaao 1 o 5. Caa ioa iooei aHe,oaHe aeeH TaK ipoii ca| pHo Be-K tCK Bpal K HeBoI oH 3aHa.

i a poXo.QeH ii po oai, BKoHipii pia, Haaac pi HoM ia Kooaiy ii opo a ix iox aepiai.a pi ie, oBca a aoeHa BeKaii eKoo i aoo pieoo opo, ao epe-BaHH (paopya) i ,Ky, apMa, aHK i ai pea.THa ioea ceMa ,.Kaa'' a ia -2.

AiT o o opo a aepiai ao aaapaKp po yoK. opea, y Piei oai yii-o 1944 p. paHK .QepeaM aioao 154aK cTK (..ao,'), B K aHo 439 ioo)-oi Aa2' i a o.i yoK, 29 oo 1944 p', yocMpTeo opaHeHo KoMaH.'oo -1 - pai pooeFipaa apii Moy Bayia4.

,]t ii-o |944 p' Pieci oai pai opa aia7 riaai rta pap i 67 aai a aeei , ia K aHo i-oitto 1 |2 i 55 oco (Lp,o' . 1' o' 23, cp. 90' ap' 68).

42 l|., , 1, o' 2, cp' 930, ap. 68.43 e e apaoKao, ae i a 11ooa |'t'!' Baia Ki,

ttot apri, a Cltvl alKa' cepe itu co oiioai o A Pittol oai oi o A. (,D'.: MoctlK . ''55 poi o.'' oai l ol1'1. '. paKoo eHepaa' Kot\/1aHoo 1 . pa|oou o Bayia',, oic a, i 1999 p, - N9 lo(6859).

21

3poa rHoci a ooo aoi A B yA p poe.e eio BeKx onepao-i-o oepai BB HKB i aoyaHHM cix i poT.a, 2.1-27 i 1944p, poeeHo oepai o ooe ipoiya BeKoo Ma Kpeeex ii44. !o po-e.eHH oepaiT yo ayeo .,aiy ii iox ioepaH paii'', oKpea, op cpiei p-a45, aaepi o , a o ipo.i ( 1 5 e a -i), ey aiai; aaHa ei BopcaHx iccKaa oHa. 15 oia6. B x ooei oc 'eaHHA-ii a A.i.eH ei o 4 . oi ioooiioax, a aKo oHa 1 . oi ioo Hae.eH, pi pH ao o oi i pexoya-o lCaX.

i a opai oBcaHKi ipoi y yei ecai poai oopoi oi, o poxo epei yi-xo47. Kyiai a o.i 24 i paoi c, p (op).Bypii ia, e Ha aoaH aaepiT,ai i apepi, He Bao oai aax o-l i iooo MaB a ip poip, apoox i A paoi . Kpee. Bpai 25 i1944p, ipoi A, aa oo i ociai, poioH eKi " ya, MO poMa KooHaM oo-eHH. oo aCl-I cK pa B Kpeeei oepai oy A ca oooiioai, opaei a ie ae-e4B.

44 Bpe oa Beo ecea oe, 1941_1945' - g,1975 - C.627.

45 i pap,r4 epet p iioo Kaa, e pa ac ceHt I\'1leBX Hapo,tB, HBaeX ipat MeKo-acKMoKaa.

46 a oacKM ia oepaii' aox pa ac i,po.i Apoi ooo| iii|' a aaa ei ic ocBaaC y -5 ,oci.

a7 a ia BB KB,, io 26 oe i (oi'), plo ei pBa o 8-1 1 o' (,,: Bpee oca Beo oeeeooe, 1941_1945. - C 628), Be a ioptntaii po opo npo i-i ot\4 |< i a , Koo aBop e

^/|aJ l\!|o poip, oa a

Apii Bpii Bi pai'oo op oii'oo poi Kea aot-c e i The Peter J. Potichnj Collection on lnsurgenc and Counter-lnsurgencin Uraine iioei iepcery Tapoo, oc p|o a pi cpp opoi po ii aoax a apii B'piix Bic c: oi,.. Apiepa peCaHc: pi i p A pacK toKMea,ioc A - Topoo-t, 2002' _' B'

22

i a i oepai BB l-{KB a aT aH A ae-i-iy 1944p. y oi ao aTKoBo poi ypeia oi ..poo', (poa ic), '.oya,' (AaoiKoe),'.ypei'' (epo ae), ..Kpe', (Ceapoxy),,,|a'' (oeap oiy),,.Mae'' (laHKo), op. ..o-t-poo'' (poa Xa), ..XMap,' (oecapKao), ..opoT'', ,.aKaa'' (a P), xop. .,pa''(pi c) a i. Bex BTpa aHa peyi axi. ipoi py ,.THH K', (' a ., aap'' ) a , eHaH -H ..XooH p', (pei .,Bpa,,, ..Mii'').

B e Myo KoMaHBaH A poBecT aCKoB eMo-iiai a peopaHiai BeK ipoii' poCBaBTx .,o ox o opo a epopii i C' Oaoaa OcyoT i ai (oH), e ao oiepeopo Ha popa,Hce i.i. lJ-J'o ) o HeBe-x ipoii A' o BoH, oTpM aa. oipa-ii, oio MaHeBpa i, ya HaB'aH poHKoMpoax o, aBaa yapi o ie paHKa.0'MIH|paI|1 opaHa' oBx cpKpa' TpaHcopHoMoeHH i ,.

.,o eex ipoii A icoo HaeHH opai-aio aKo) io poii TpKp ix io iai _ ii oooo pHaeHH (Bo). ooyiioy paoi, K pao' a i o Bo opaio (20-40 oi). B oepaTBoy ioei BO iaioi peepeypi i Cyi ee (C), oa a iiyi. oo (10-20 oi) e a io-KapaH i, aia epio-ooi ai[. Miei ipoi io-o y ae iooei i e poo ,o oo, o oH ..e i B'a', oKaH Ha H KoMaH.aHHMA aa. i a oo CToK BB KB Bo oTHe pMa p epoM Ha| pol-iKa | lCTa.

Hoa ypi aioaHo-BoHoo p(y Ha oaK 1944 p, pa,HcKo (.,io'' ) i i col]Kaa a Hy oo a a i C3 o epeoce ope i aoi oo opoT- pai i PP' Kaa eoxitlic BHHH itt ieo-oii aca, opaiaii op i a opo (..peo-

48 a pa,cKIv| ,aH1 o nocai o o 2a18 oi, aape-aao _ 1570. Cepe poei' : 1 ia (-2), 7 apa, 15 ioei, 42 p-X Kee, 1 aoa, 29B io, 1 20 oi, 1 29 oe a tLu. (,Qpaapi Poicai' epaii,, 94a1' cp 65, ap, 8')'

2

iT''). Peaiai oo Cao yopeHH a | aoo ,ii, opoo 17- 1 B 1944 p. paoi . .'epa Miooo paoyPieo oai, Hapoo-Booi PeoioT opaiai(HBPo). a 'Ty4 opa l-{epae Kepio (..peo-i a'') HBPO y ai ..eMia', (Ba Ky, epi),.,3aaoo', (i ye) a ..Cepi'' (Mxao Cea150. cepi 1944p' o epia aKo)K e ..oxpi'' (..KCap',, !po Kic)51 .

Ha 'ii pi epii oKMeH _ peoii i ayHBPo. e peoi aoo aTa popaMy opaiai,Ka Maa pa Ha ayoy opeci. p yiaiTpeoi HPo (eo e) oipaHX p He peaei poi po TaBeHH o oH, poo oHa ..opaiaio cpa''. eoyioai ai peoiHBPo (o ec) epio HBPo BHaaB poi oH.

io epi .oKMeHa i ieo-oixaaa oa eapaHHI _ Ha p|BH| Ha|oHaH _opo a oiae BBoeHH, a o oia i eo-oi a, eMoKpaai coo ep)aoo i yioo)KT CPCP. 3i ai opo B|L B ToM, oHBPo paa a ee oo' epioi oioT opaiaiiix poiepiaiH c pai. ooo i ioiHaaa opoa .,po.aryp Caia i oo apio-ioKoi iK'' a oaeHH .,TaiHo-ioBoopeM CPCP i aoe Hapo.qHo-peoioi aepe opeHH HapoHo.peoix ypi''.

B paii HBPO opoa a o Hapo.Hoi epxa, a CPCP _ a oyo Hae)x aioaH ep)a, ooeoxio yo i Ha opoy pyi Ma, i apoi poiepiaii eeeH. opoa aa poov|c..oM peoi', _ aaHoo pooo oa.

49 oeI1eo ioo po ac pooi 'i B' Ka (''eiLlL''), ' Ceaa (,,oa'',

,'.Qe' ecepoB'' ' ,'Cepi''

), , ca ( ',acac'',,,aa''), ,apa (,'Bepec'',,'a''), ' oia (,,Poa,'), e . aca( ''Kooi'' ),

,,Cepe'' ' Moa ao ,la . Coo (.,oapeKo'' ),

l. ua (''ac''), . Bopo (,,oea i"), M' Cca (''ce'')'' aila (,, Kpa'' ),

50 1944 p, opae a aapel1JoBa opaa KB,t]'.51 a cile eapa oo, poio BPo ,,ei'',

oi peepeo -,'Cepi,', peepeo poaa, _.'aa'', ico. peepeo - ,'K Cap'' (,Q,: Koi C,. Aooa oa o-ei icopii o i A oa ,,epaoo api C. _ K., 20; poeaoH_lA. oepe lopa oBia, - K., 2000. _ C. 98).

24

..o ax i aKo) ioco apoa.QKe ooa aioaHo-BoHoo py. e Moaoopeo o op i a epeyi i ..a Coi''.Bioo-oaKoi op A e Baao oi-oi poo, a po oaoo Kopa op ol1 6aK. oo ..ipai oyii aa,,, po o oiopya paHCKa poaaH,a.

pae epeeeH i o Bpoae HBPo a 33i pooaoc y epei 1944 p. Kepi eepaH oKpa ioii xi cpKryp y oioei po ..cBopeHHoo opaiai, o'ea peoix C'', a opMa.o opaaH i oa epii .oKMe. Pi (ope)HBPO oaB oii iyx pyKryp oH (ia Ha ai.). B opaiaii ioi e poe v|Bv|B, oKpeMa, epexoi o

..pio-opaiaioi eopai'' (p oy

i.a ..Heopoi aa,, ocooT Kayp''). oaoa a paoM o)Ho poBoKa BHo-aeHpHo ii- pa,HK eopai aa eHM ipy peio-HlHoo pioopaiaioo pooHH. l-.I.e y oa-oM ao Mo)ic aa HBPo ooie52.

oi opaiaii epeopeHH Ha 3 i C ypi aHo epia oHoo py aoHoMHo,o paF|Ky opoy ieo-pa.E,HKoo pory, oao-e pie po ii HBPO ao y pe a yaipoo oH i K A,

oo Bo, o BopeHH a iiiao poo.oH i K A a I Beoy opi (iy 1]-15 1944p'a Caipi Kapaax a|.|o o.Hoaco I ao'o H BPo a Piei ) ..aao. aioa Hoo epiooeHp ooT opo,' _ pao oooT BooPa (BP) peo o opaoT iiaiT HBPo apii1944 p.5' aao poeciiai HBPo a 33 i C aoHa ipoy'

sz !,: Kp , Icopi A, - Tepoi, 1991, - C. 21; ' ,'6a ooi A?''' 3a i pai, 1992' 2 n; Kpl . Hapc icopii paicKoo aioao-BBooo p 40.50- poi XX coi.- i, 2000, - c. 110.

53 Pie po iiai HBP1 o pe a aciai poo oH,o ioc oai 1944 p' a Poai (caca lao-paicaoac) a ai p' ela ('.p'')',Q, Mai,coo (,,3p,')',0,, pa(,,epeic',) a np6 B' Ka (,,ei'')' , ca (,'aa'') i,' K icoo (,' oxp i '' ),

25

3aoi peopaiaii pxoo Ha 3 paoT aaHa 'o A i aii. Ha oaax e.i aaoei poy epio ieo oai yp'ep B'oK aceo eae (..aea'') epaioa HKa-M epea i opaH o' p oy ii 'y A iai He epeHac i i iopeeo. Heioiicyaeo ce 'y paci ioi, ai .ciBpa i ei epep oyei p opey oopaHoo cKopoeHH i peopaiai. 3 ie eo y iiiyo apoaxeHo KopaH aaHo oyoe i ia aaH o (..epi HK 'Ky'') a ypieiex epia. B A ' BKopoap'rpci py (2-5 oi). 1945-1946 pp.' i peopaiaioBaKx i.poii y poe ii, pepK ,oKpaKKa . epeai KopeoHei a ei iai.

i 1944p. epoa api pooaa aa ay i,BKo pyy po' .oa pexy p. Bia y oi. Bcepopi i pei ypai eii ei oH ai (oa) ov|Hac i paKM BBo' |.]eHay pi .0,o o' 33, opi iex i, epe-aaoi aH poox i ox aH A, popo.x i piix i HKB.. [.te ao oxi epiyoHoo py Haaottt, a eKx paoa peaiya.ii ii a A.

i-cepi 1 944 p, pyKpa aioao-Bo-Hoo px a 3 i C3 a peopaioaa. .ii i1943 p. op Bo epeopoao i a ix ooi paMKa HBPoyopeHo p54 eHepaHx oKp (o): iio-aiy55 (po'..MaK !o'' _ |a y), iio-cxi56 (po'..

..eH'' _ eip Bopoe), ieo.xiy (po'..PoMaH'' - epo oi). ee i oa epM ca-a p. op. Tepopi ieo Pie (ioepe p, o-p), Kpeeea (oci pao epoicoT oaci),Ka'e-oica i Bia oai a iea aHa

54 aao aBao cBop ' o cai l1BPo (LlAo, , 1, o'23' cp. 2, ap' 2) a i epopi o o e caoei.

55 Baa epopi Bocoi. oaci i iio-ai acPiecoi oaci pai,i, epece i i (iopc), Xo ii,tu (oa),

56 Baa epopi cii paoepeoi', o p' op, acPicoi o6aci, opc oac i ai a Kj.coj.oaci pa|i a ei pei tei pao iopci.

26

KioT y apiei a ieo-xi.o o ("22"). Koao oia a p Bo.

pyi ooi 1944 p, aKox aa peopaiaiiii a3 i C3 ipoi A. py ..3apaa'', ..Typi,, i ..HHK''epeopoai y ,eaH py (3) ..33'' (.,aXoC',) i "44"(",', "444"'l, i i ioio Ha epopi iio-aioT iiio-cxioi o. Ha epopii ieo.xio o pooxy-aa i A-ie pao BKeHo o 'i Ka. po..oyH'' (eo i ao .,.,oa,').

Cpyypa i oa a. aHoK A a 33i ayHM: KoMap A-ii ..oxpiM'' (.poKic)57, B '.KM'' (,,'', op ep), oi-oBH K ..3acaK '' ( i ye ) i,. BaM'' (..3ooapeHKo'' ).

.o ay "33,, (..3ao',) xoo 6 pa a ii i-poi cei o 1500 oi. Ha oi 'eaHH cTo: K-p..a !o'' (la y), ..Kaa'' (pi Ceay);B ..opi)cK'' (oei poa); x. ..oi''.

pa.: ..oi Bo'' (i. opoo, ..0.l 50',)_ -p ,.aaa''(popi Pee); ..aM'T Kp'' (i. aa, ..050'')-K.p ''poK'' (.[po Ka); ..i'' (i. a, .0450'')_-p,'c'' (|a Ka), ..|op'' (|aH Ki); ..oMTa aap,,(i' Haapa, .,0550'')_ K-p ..Bepxoe'' (popi po);..Coopa paa'' (i' Boaa, ..0350,,)_ K-p ..PoM'' (,.oy'',Txi i); ..Xoa'' (i. Mae, ..0250,')_ K-p ..p,',,.Ka'' (.[po Kopey).

Bipa aya y iii, ioi ai o. opeiipoti opaioya ao y iex paoax, oKpe-a pei i oayBaHHr\4 ..pea'' (...,oy'', Baeoo) a ..opoop'' (oei Me), oa ipa(eia) iei a oepal]o-aeHTpa ii HKBflpBe o ix o iiai.

.o ca "44" (",, "444'') o p aoH a iiipoi eic o 1 . oi. Ha oi 'eaH o:.p ..y ..e'' (eip Bopoe); B ..Ba Beepa''(epo oa); . .,epo Ceaeo'' (epe Moa),..CocaB''

( Boop Pyao).ao: ....opo'' _ K-p ',CaH,, (Ho Cee),

..py,' - K-p,..,eKo'' (..aai'', Aaoi Mo),.,CapoycK'' _ -p ..Kya'' (Maap Me). aa i-

57 cepi 1944 p. oepB o BKoa coi. oo'i'

27

poii "44".ia MaoeHM pyaM (5-20 yaci)y xi paoax o (XopHa, Kia).

Cpyypa i oa Ka A-ie TaKM: K-p..eMi', (Ba K), .'Poa'' (..Cap''' epo oi); B..ovapeo'' (eoi C), ..eH'' (Moa C);. ..Koy (Co). 3'ea: ...{oa'' - -p .,ooa,'(..a''' Mai oap); ,.oo p'' _ K-p ..eH'' (MoaCy), ..Bp,, (Cee Ko).

.Qo ay 'eHaH Bo. ypei (pa) i oaya- ..poo'' (poa ic),',Bpa,', ...,oeHa'' ( |a3oo),,,Mii'' (..BeKaH'', Mxao Kopa), .,KoaeHKa',(Moa Me), ..apKaHa'' (..Ca,,' oa Kaa), ..yMa'',..epHe'''',a',, Coi .i i., oaBa}]HM,.Api',,..oo,,, ..BaHK'', ..Bipa'', ,,Boopa'', .,BopoHa'', ..BepHa'',,.Bepeii'', ..KpyKa'', ,.Kp'', ..KyMa'' (|a Meepa), ..Mea'' (apaTpay),,. Myx',, .. Haa Ka'', .. aHKa',, .. apaa'' ( oay),.. i.xapoo'' (Aaoi opy ), .. opa Hoo'',,.Cioo'',..CoKoa'', ..Coa'', .,TepHH'', ..Tooi,,, .,ap'' (popiKpa), ..opoop'', ..ea'', ..a,', .,K'', .'|J.{yaa'',..poeHKa'' Ta iH.

aa ipoii A-ie ia MaoHM p-a (20.50 oi) y ieo-ix peioax o (Ka'e-oica, Bia, KTa oaci) a a i exa(epoica, ia oai). ei A-ieH HaoaoK oei 1944p. aoa o 1,5 . oi. aaaceic .ix a 3 i ipoii A y pyiooi 1944p. Hapaxoaa o 4 c. oi, o pao Mepe)e ii Kaao o 8 . yai aioao-Bo|loo pX. Boe 1944p' y Boi i Pieioax a a Kpeeei (Tepoia o.) poo- 9-a piea ii, 16-a, 2o-a,21-ai 22-a pieipa B HKB ei oa. ,15 c. oi. Kpi oo,y ii ieoi i p oxopo poa.Koo op.,-K, aoH ..oapa'' a cii ai aao(..cp',). 3opea, y Boi a Piei oaX aKopya yo oa B00 (cei- 10-15 c. oi)' xHyax aaoi p pao iiax HKB - oHa60 (1 '5-2 . oi).opei pal{H Ka.a a .t],CoKoBaHx a 3pKopoHx i HKB (oa. 5 .) a A, i p opeiaa c o poeeHH po oaHcK oepai . 3aa acei pa.,HKX iiapx CpKpp a 3 i C

28

ypaBaHHM , oi y peo BoHo i Pieooae peioax pai i iopyi, epeBaa 50 . oi.

Kie 1944p' XapaKTepBaB o>aBeHM, iioo ca.E,, opaiaio-ioo ioi A'oa pooBa Bo y i Piey oai,aT H Xo po, Tepo i oT, Ka' He- oi oi,Bioi, KIoi oae i pex peioi iopyi aoi. axi.x (ox) oax opoa aa iiaca, ix peioax _ ei iao ipo aei ioBTaHKx pei' Cepe aix, Bl,a A aii aa aciy 11 py 1944p. a Poii i.po-ii 3 ',44'' (-p'.CaH',, ..CiBa'' a i.) po iiy BBHKB' B peai o oai pa -,| -1 7 o. 6'

o., aopeix i oaoT ..ioi a i C3 pe. a oT pMaHH o|] oi-| a ooi i poaai. eo ep yo opHapyeHH epe.,oi opoa, aa o iHx paTTa He aT poBe KoHeHpoBaHoo Hac' poaaipe y aiei a oypai aioao-BoHo-o pX' opeHH aHTpaHK Hacpo|B epe. HaeeHH'BopeHH CIqI|/1B MoB aKHol oTaHKo| .'l-Ho|.

Ha iiy i oox, poaa.,i pe poBo.- ooHo y ao oaHoBaH i eoaoa poM peioaxpa a a ii ea (iopy). 3a ooo poe.eHHpe ioi oi a iia ii. ii iBaepea>Ho i i.po.ia a 'eHaHHM 1944p' aMeHM oaHCKM pa (5.30 oi) y 1945--1946 pp.Kii pe paKKa HeeKVI|VI ipoia (10-60oi) pooM oo po.Baoo epio.

o aox ix pei BKopa i-Hoo paHopT eBHo ap Ha oaK 1944p' epo-pi Bioi, Ka,e-o..io (ea),Tepoi co, CaicaioT ( | ao-paia) a i ooae p -pa,.CaKa'' (o. Kaa)'

!o ao (9B5 ) ix pei io pe(23 i _ ] 5 oo 1945 p. ) epopie , oae pai iopyi eeo ioi py (56 oi) ,'44'' t epio..yHa

.,eHa'' (. Bopoe).!o ai a ei pei (1 ,5-2 . yai)

MoHa ie xi ooeH i pa a oic (25-27 i 1944p') 'HaH ..oo p'' a...,oHa''.

29

oco oM oao ioi peioi icoo-epii aii a Koei, ii i Biiaix' o pooac pXooM a oaia oa-M poaH a 3axi y cepi 1944 p. ocooT a icA a HKB.. Ta, y Piei oai (Koeca ai)paci opaH oi aiBa i.p i aapo eeoH oepaa, Haa a poeo a ai oaopoS8.oii ai poo t|/1c i a ix ai x. 1 0 o 1944 p.Ha epeoHi Kp-MIAHLA (Bia ai) acioipy aio oi io peo oi N9 190159. 17 xo- 1944 p. a i aii Kpaoii-aii-nia(ia i Bia aii) aeo 6 aix oci acai K!ii60. 3aao y cepi-pyi 1944p, oaii a Koei aii i 47 a ai, x1] a o aia aapo oi961'

ayi poK epiT a aii ao a ie'o.HaK MeHo ieci62. Pa.i opa M aoiaoaHKM .'epi a ali aocoa oocyioiai ieoo HaceeHH.

op oxaeHHM poy ipii 1944p. oa-co ioi ipoi A a ii iii Ta epo-ai pa. Cepe a oapi y: B e.-xop,..oHapeKo,' i Ma. ..eH,' (A-ie)' op. ..ocpicK''(3 ..33''); ypii: o. ..ip''' o. ,..,oeo'', o. ..apKaH''

(,.Ca '', o. Kaa ), op,., cvt'' (|' K a), .. o'' ( o. oi) ;

oe i : op. ..Api '', op. .. aHKo',, op. .. apa'' ( oay),..iKa'', ..poCa,', op. ..poeHKo', Ta iH.

Ayao poeo A y 1944 p. aaoc ae-eeHH opoe i aii. epi ooi poKy oa-aHH .,iao a paHo opeH oepeHo aai aaoeHoo i paKX i iex cpol.li. Bi pyo-o ipi poK ooHM )KepeoM

..Haxoxe'' opoeHA i ai a poi ao popoei oa pyoopoH poaKoo op.Ky, ao oBapaK a iciHai aao. pao opoeH oBcai a

5 Lt.Ao, , 1, o' 22, p, 928, ap, 81 -8.59 Ta cao, cp, 1707, ap, 4.60 Ta cao, cnp, 929, ap, 127.61 Ta cao, o' 2, cp. 929, ap, 122.62 3opea, cii-o 1945 p, Boci o6aci o iipao 10

eeoi, a 10 pa 1945 p' epcio po pa ,'Coopa paia''a i aii Koe.oopc iipao poeoi,'

30

paHoK paHl(X MieX MiiapHX opya e iipai ,.cpi'' 22 io i itoeH y oai 1944 p. po-oo epe. Boy BoopeKoo paoy.

1945-1946 pp. ..epopiai'' oaHM opoepoo)Bav|C. 3a paKM iopai' opeMa, BPiei oaci y epei .1946 p. o popoeo 5 -HaH x aaoi, a 4 aao poao63.

l ia CeHoo a ooooo Kay oaoiapiT y 1944p' aya oei ayaoi ocaa e oep-.Hoo poK opea iooK KoMaHH api. 3 ie Meoy i pya (3) ioo Moo.oo KoMaHoo cKa-y epioo opaioyac KopoKoTpai (3-6 i)Maocei (1-3 o) iapi Ko (o)6a. oaiei aKx i ycKHKaM pBoac BaHH (y-ei) pooo a icapKoo cKa (. pie' iy,. iy, a|, i o oepTa o coix ipoii.Kpi iapHCx i, p pax (Bo) a 3 ia HKacaep, caiapx, oo.,apx ix oi a pi aeeeHH Ka.paM ioix y A i ai.

. ite icoo-aooo pi ix oapi A pooV||tc KopoTKopai (1-3 xi) epe-Bo. Cpoa opaial apHoi o p pyi..'' y pai 1944p' a Kopei a He..ao.Hooopaioaa pKypa ya iioaa i a oepaB-o-ioo oepaii BB HKB.' oaoy opei icoiKo He opaHloBac' oaK poBoc Ko TaepeBKo ei i poii oacKoo pyx B paMKaioi iox peepep.

oepaa ii A .po ipii 1944p,_ aoaK 1945p. a 3 i a iiy i epoi ooBH1944p' ea, ooBHo, oi oKpe ipoii (pa,ao, 'ea)' oepaHo-aKHe ii oBTaH-KX ipoii 'iaa poM, oaM (iii),oTM (ii), pio ype (ao). ooeH i-i apieo epopi, poBoc opi paoepi ( pBaHH H ypoa), iiai oipxyi HKB' a ya aaoi (,,pi,'), a

63 LJA1' ' 1, o. 23, np. 2964, ap, 35,6a epi ooi 1944 p. icapi Luo aac p i-

ipo,iax ( Kpe, aoa), Cocoo poo ipi,l ioo npo i-ic o oi iapuLci oi 3.,'', ',44'' a A-ie, o ,iI1o KlKa BcKl.

31

aKo) pHBaHH acoiB 'K i coye (o, aii).3 i ooo.f ioi a6ie acooByBac ai,HacKoK, epi i pe.

ipaxa ocoH acHy pa oHoo pXy Ha33 (y Boci i Piei oax) a pi pooHpai ai ( 1944 - 1945 pp.) oBo iooi K(). a pa ocai aiya 213526- i 24026 aapeoaM|' Cepe aoex paKoTopoo poeT yo 19 apa, ]11 ioei, 158 a)KKyeei , 947 e eei , 2002 ao a , 7 26 Hi K,7 paioai, 5 opai a i.65.

opey eK pyy (37677 oci6) cKa apai eep-p epooT api, a aKox i, o |4c i oiiai( e i oiioaH x caHo a 220989), p oca - (..aocoii''), oo ..oHHo''. Haeei aila Mo)Ki piecoy apioy epi ep..,)KBa po popo ol.|oHx A i oH a oae ixcK peepi .0. ooHe. 3a M aHM, aaiBTpa paoi cTopoH (a ie aee)y Piei oai a pi oac 1809 66'

oi o- poaaH.a pooa aioao.Bol{oopyxy Ha oxoeH epopix poo.a Jo o|.llpeHoioi iepayp y i io, ciBo, epiox ieepioH a, a aox i aoa. iepapapKyaa exi i.ia (oepe, BeHa 3.5 oci)y iix pKapH p BX iio-aiipaxcpyKpax (opya, Kpa)67.

Bpaa y epi ooi 1944 p. aH .pyKape a a-e api pe .o ee ao peH aHHioi eHpa epioHx BaH a 33 (..BiaKpaHa'', ..|opaoP'',,.o poT'', ..a aMociy paiy',).

65 lJo, , 1, o, 2, cp' 1693, ap. 28-37; cp. 92, ap. 2-25.66 Ta cao'67 Bea iia pKap a ea BB l1KB 24.25 oo 1945 p'

6eooa ie pie cc. 1ixe i oo !,epae:]cKoopao. ,Qo aioiIJJX a aexaa tpKap .,Cooa apota'', oia 1944 p' 1944-1945 pp' oa, opi i.roo, pKBaa poaai ae.pia , oep Ha Coi ipoii p ,'T'', "44" a CK. Cpei'i,cipoii 6 peaop poaaBoo ocepe.K CK, otui pea-op ae ,'Bo'' Api ceo (',,QoBa'', "a"). ,Qpap iia BBHKB, i ac oepaii ' Pi Kopeoo pao 22.28 pa 1945 p.

68 N9N9 1.9 i 01.06 - 20,07.1944 p. (A C pai, . 1, cp. 76, ' 69,ap,99-124)'

32

o yiex epiox B.aH A (|opaie poA) a 33 y 1944p' pe.aoai paiHKoM oixo-oo ii A- ii ..AoToo'' (.. Bi'' ) .. |opaij''68.

pooxeH aHH ocacKx aepiai ii 1944-1945 pp. a 33 oHaMeHBao epeBaHHM eioaexi BeHaM a ai exii (pyapi a,oi, opa, eKopa, opaii) i pKocHoai, ae, io Ta BaH epix opai aioao-BBoHoo py (oH' HBPo' BP).

ea aiiai .ioci ii pyi ooi1945 p. pa aoaTKyBaHH pKBaHH .aH poo oH3, A-ii a io iepayp. Ba poo pee-a iopaii ypa ..oM opo'' (. 1, oa1945 p.) a..|opaop'' (. 1, 1946 p.), a A-ii_ i-i aepia ypaoHaBTBa- ..3eMeHa pai. Kypl. aai iooi eopai pa,' (epee 1945p.)'..eMeHaH pa. Kp ll. ooa eopai'' (19a6 p.).Bu pKoM ipa oei Mo Koaa (..M. K'',) ..3 iopo', (. 1, 1945 p.)Ta HapC o ..Moo xixypaTx eMe opoi a pay Caoiy Coopy.!epa'' (21 o 19a5 p.). Kpi oo, y-l945 p. io ipy-i epiHTBa i opaiaii o.i, oHa i. paoy,

aeeeH ee opio ii poaa.,oT aio ieparyp Bopa aH exiy ay.

Hapii 1944_ Ha oaK 1945 pp. epopi .ioo a3 i C ii aHaa epoo peopaiai: a ooio opeo iio-axi (3K ..e'') i iio-xi. pa (CK)' o MeBa 1o p. op. iea o"22"i peopaiaii Caa oKpeMo Pieo opo70.i.ei pao Pie ii o , a iii paoepoi ( Kpeee a) a KaM' He. oi V1a7 1 _ o (oi pa).

Hooopei pa oi Ha oKp. .o a 3K..MeK'' BLA 4 opy: epeea (...1 00'' '.,KpeV1") _ po. ..X'', ..Bap'' (3oi Ca);

69 Topai Koecoj.op ia o iiaii. 10 epe 1946 p, BBKB,Q a . Mei Ce,acoo pao Bocoi oaci' Toi 3a- oipeepe oKpLI ',Bapa'' (oa aoe) i ocoap oKp,,C opc'' (. Ko)' B opaii eBl1o B.aBaBc pa ,,,Qo oi'',

70 Ca,aac Piecoo i oicoo apaoi' ,Qecapao io o aa 3K'

7| eKiKa ii paoi Ka'e-oi (o eei ii)aItJ ai CK.

Koea (..200'', ..oyH'') - po.,,MKoa'' (.'p'',ee Mao)' ..opi'' (Baepi oapy); a (.,300'',.. Kp oi,' ) _ po.'' C\v|'' ( M ao oapy).

..e'' (eipaopoe); Xoa72 ("4o0'' ,..Kopo ,ao'') - poB. ..XeH''( eip aopoe)' .. op '' ( Mao Cepea).

.{o a CK xo 3 op: Capea (..A'')_ po... |op'' ( oa oic ),

.'pHa'' ( Hai !,eo ),,. Kya''

(Maao Melt)' ,.BapKa'' (pocaa Ca); XopcKa (..'',"4444'} - po...ao'' (Moa Me); iopya7S_ po...Kya'' (Maap Me).

oao 1945 p. pi A a 33 aoi epoa-i pa. ay: -p A.ii o. ..opiM'' (.[po|(i), B .'KM'' (..',, op ep), BX...Ba'', peepe C i.,o;r.-oppoi ..Mia''(oeap p); opa ooH -p ..33''

..Ka.a''

(pi Ceay). Cepe a6 oapi ipol-i ,. ..oy'', ,.eie'', op. ..paeo'' (Poae), ..BoK'', op. .,Bo'', ..aiH', (Mat l),,.3aopoxe'', ..Ko,,, ..KpeKv|'', o. ..Ka'' (MaapMe), ..HepolYl'' (ao M), ..CopoKa'', op...Cae'' (..ope''), .,Xapa',, ..op'', ..opHoa'' (..oca'' ),o. ..axpa'', op. .,M'', ..poK', (.po Ka)' ..py,,

a i. 3ax pa aHa oi pKTp i.i,i y epei 1945p. /],o BKoHaHH oo'KiB poi-

a oH a 7a i eo oaHpa A-ii75 py.'ypa'' (..ya'', M' Koa). oa B a x. A-iioipo aLUaC BaKaHTHM.

epi ooi 1945p. a pooxBa iipi lA ioi KoMaHHM cKaoM: 'eHaH-H p .'3', (..axoc'', i' XeKoo) _ K-p ..Ka.,a',(. Ceay), .,Kpa,' (aa Maiy), ,.Mai1otl'' (!. ), B ..opeo'' (fu,loa aIo),x. ..1oi''; 'eaHH p "44' (r', "444") - -p ..fie}.i[4C,, (. Bo), B ..Ba Beepa'' (epo yoa),. ..lapa'', ..Coa', (B. Pyao). opeo Tplpo peioi ilpoOBa t ipoi, A-ie, oipa iti K-poM ..!co'' (..Bp'', ..Koy,', Cee Ko).

72 ateci 1-a45 p' i1epe,aa to caa, 3aepocoo pa ().7 rtl 1 945 p ' epeaa ,r]o CKa Capeoi oKp.7a oarto B aBep,e a ocai pai 1945 p'75 pt 1945 p, a Ca lpaeo,,pi'' (epo i)

J4

..33'' (.,3axoc'', iM. XMeoo) Kaao 6 p-a, a oKpe lpoii - oXopoHH (oo) i epi-x (Bo) _ aaHo eic o 1 c. oi. pa:..oi Bo'' - K.p ..aaa'' (popi Pee); ..a' Kpy''(,.001B'') - K-p ,.poK'' (.po Ka), '.ApH'', ..KapMeK',;,,i'' - K.p .. lop'' (la Ki); ..Coopa paa'' -K-p ''PoM'' (..KyiK'', xi 3i); ..oa aapy,'_ K-p..BepxoHe''

( popi Tpo),,.XMapa'', ..Tp'' ; ..XoMKa'' -K-p ..TKa'' (.po Kopey). opei ipoi : ii,.Aia'' _- p ., ypaa'' ( Cea Koa ), ii - pa ..opoop'' (oeci Me), ia pya - -p ..BiH'', KiHHa epia pya _-p,.ee'' (.{po Capo).

.[o ay "44" ("", "444'') xoo p aoI] a-o ceic o 800 oi: ...Qopo,'_ -p ..Cav|''(Ho Cee), ,.aeHKo'' (|a pa); ..pyK'' _-p .,..eKo,, (..aMai'', AHaoi Mo); ..CapoyKV|'' _K-p ..Kya'' (Maap Me).

A- ie , pi aaoi peopaiai o"22, a PieoKpyy, aHaa ix opaiaiHo-epop|a l i copo-e76, ay ii ipoii yo epe.ao o ay A-ii a A-axi. opea, ii ..Bxpa'', ,.MopoeHKa'' a,.opi aaa'' (aao 150-200 o.) epe o 3r "44, .

ooo A-ie yo 'eaHH ..ooH p'' e-i o 500 oi. KoapoM 'aH y ..,,oKc''(C. Ko), a aHKoM eo ..Mia'' (Mxao Kopa)..o ay ,eaH Bov| ipoi ..aaii'', ..apaa,'(Aai pcx), .,oya'', ..opieKa,', ..Kapa'', ..eya''(eip oi), ..yooo'' (Xoa ), ,.Maa'', ..Mi''(M. Kopa), ..Hea'', ..CoKoa'', ..pya,,a i.

Haioao-o pa 33, e Bc !{a pa., oecei a exi 1944_1945 pp.' pooBa cot po-pacKy opoy' epoy ipii 1945p. a epopiiBocoi i Pieoi oace ieo 651 po a(,.apoeir,')_ o 30% i 2207 aioaX pa8H-KM opaaM eM axix oacx pai77. ea xii, o pi iM Maaa, ya oooiic A. loyea "44", oKpeal oioyai aci ii cii_epi 1945 p.: poe.eo 30 oT ( x

76 eo o iioao 'ea|.| '!oa.''77 iac l, Pepeco-Kapaa ce^a pai.i' 1917-195, - ' 2 -

c. 607,

5

B e.,ax), 16 ai (3 eai), 7 acio (4 eai), 8 pa-i iipao ai. 3,eaH Bpao 218 oci i 74 opaeM' po BpaB oa 540 oi ( x ie 20 oiepi),72 oco apao B oo. poeioo 60 io, 1 a yee1 14 e yeei,20 aoai a i.7B.

3 ixoo a 3axi paHKo-ieoo poy i eoaiiaie yai y axi oax pa paHKeapio-ep)KaBHe epio oo Ba o opo ypaiM oHM poM. ey K K()' o i- 24oaa 1944 p., i o ocaHo K BK()..po eoi oii pooi epe HaceeHH axioae PCP'' (27 epe 1944 p.), epy yBa epeapiooi i paoi Ha ..oao popo aix opo-i ypaTKoo Hapoy_ ypaio-iex aioaiiB,',opea, Haooao Ha eoxioi e epixapi C ee, oo peKoe.Baoc ..yie

i pioaiie aooBa i axo opo,,79'3i.,i aoi', Bae aryo ocTaHoB oipo

K K() (1 0 i 1 945 p. ), a Ko HaaHK oypai H Ki HKB' epeapi ooi api oo'ya Ma Ko)KHoMHaCeeHoM i aep a ..poKo aa o aeypopoo iexxei, epeipex i i..ax pai ai,a aKo) a KoHlx yai oi opaiai''80.

oi po.o)eHHM oepelH| ple Taa oao-a oipo K K() i 26 oo 1945 p.' io Ko aKoHM i oBaHK ipoio aptaB pX- oo ai, iiaii oTo tc eeiioi p, a. iiaii epii oH i C a pKa.oMBooT oai peKoMeHao Topa ..py ei-aHoo pHaeHH ai, i ooc oo iBBvl aa opo aMoM,,B1 .

7 LLAB), ' BB' o, 1, cp. B7a, ap. 45.79 ioc A, Hoa cepi, - T' : opoa po i aioaioo

ii: pei oe llK Koapii,pai, 1943-1959. - C' 97.0 ioc ' oa cepi. _ T. : opoa po A i aioai.loo

ii: pei oe QK Koapii,pai, 1943-1959, - C. 121.81 1 ci 1945 p' oi oai a copea cpa a oi

epio ' oi.( Booi|) op oo Kpao ( ',Top,'' ). cii 1946 p' eH p a co ii ci a aopo.)

Bxo oo, o iiai e oaKx op-MBaH Bopa pi yMoB i poo i paoiopaiaii aeypoi poo, a ya a o ac .,piJa-

aopo y opoi oH'', K K() oo'ya i-ei apii a oi opaH (HKB, HK) e ie po.IxIpIt. aeTypHy ciy a ..pe i iie paKKyaaaHH aeyp oyie ii i aopryaA''B2.

po a aeHypHo-oepaHoT ioi paX e-opai y Boi i Piei oaca -epee-1945 p. ia i ooi K()B. a ' aaHa K|.ic peei HKB.[ i HK oacx aHoBa .18.|, aeiypiix i appx_ .|328, aex ipoii (eo-) _ 9079. ope aeopi cKaa eiai ooi py..epeepoaHx,' oix ocai (..opa'') _ 91 pai aao ei Tx ei 1481.

oa eM Mox oxa ..apiHoi'' iHocTi,ai poopHyo i eoi aepo-oepaBHoi epe.xi pal(x eopai aotsa HaHy apo iocia caMoy iya aioao-BBoHoo pyx a 33.Boa ooa paHK opaHaM eeie ii oHo opaxoa peaHy ei yai pyxy.3a x a, a 20 oo 1945 p. y Piei oaci io40 ex ipoii A cei 2608 oi a 68 pi-H p epexi oH i oio C ei ] 1,l5 oi. 3aao oai ..Ha)eHo'' apaoyao 3169 yai po-pa.,llKoo pX84. Boi oai a 25 oo 1945 p.co 28 ''6a'' (o 25-150 ei) aaHo eio 1200 oiBs'

Poo ixapox oi Ha oaTK 1945p. (ioiopaK Hie, oMoeHoci pai aii a Kpcioepeii), epeaai cKopoo aie i, ca-iiaii aHoa CPCP a HaMaaHH paHo a ooi i ooi iiaii ypaoo aoiHKoo pyxy(..epio ay'') pe o yioeH oo epioMHaaH poi |, a oDKe aeoci o,aI.!oo icy-aHH pyxy i Bpoa)KeHH opcx axoi aoepexeHH.

82 io A. Hoa cepi ' - , 3, - c. 1 40- 1 41 .83 B': l |Ao' ' 1, o' 2, cp. 169, ap. 4-35; cp. 1698, ap. 15, 55.56,84 lLAo' ' 1, o.23, cp,923' apK' 19,85 Ta caMo' cp' 169' ap, 7.

7

Bo px Ha ' He pH coe ioi,HaMaa ae ioya o poo oi i-oci ..cHoo Ky,'. i o ..eoi i aoi'' Coea pHoH epeipy (..Ka'') cix yai py (eioH, oi A)a oo ai. epeipeieH oH aa .,poei',, Hi He o'aHM (i epey-aH, poH oo) ..peoioepa-iia''. KoxeHa po oo epei C, o i opo opa-a HKB! i HK a x aeypo, a MaKMao ioyao oio poo.

iii yo eeo .0,o iiy i epii ep,iioao i ocoapci, opaiaii peepeyp, X.Bi opaiaioi epei iopeeo axe ix xio. 3apaHoK paii epix epi oceHo oi a86 ai )TeaHi p ..acy,'iii paa aa- yMoa. Bi iei (..eei ii,,) yacK pyx,a aKo) i ipai HM epeBo tc paH '.aKi''(i oa opaHiaio epexe).

B A yo poopoao ..eeai oi'' (a,BX, ioa poia), caoao HK KoaHHoca (ypi, coe), pHaeo oapi o iyoox ol-l. Bii Kap ii oH a poi ipo-i A poieo (ipaeo y icoo-poaaipe) aai i peioi oiyaoo pa..HKoo ..Hac-y'' (a oi, pei peio pai, iopyi, oi).iooeo oi, aoipoai, eaei i. HaceeHH, Kp-, a xapl, po, eaei.

Bi oai oaa oxoeo ocaHcKM pXo ep-opii 3axioi pa, oKpea ' pa.{].HKa aa pM-aa ai pepelJo-apaHX opai, i oio poKo poa!xei cii a aeHyp|-|o-oepaiaapaT (aeyp epe)B7' yo poaXeo paKHopoai CPCP eTo., aa)Ky, iyy i aooT pooKa-ii. Heeic paiHKaM C x eoi i poi, aco

86 opaiaia ia (aa) - pao poi Koacoi i a opiaoo aia 10 ei, B i, paooi iap icoci ioi api oca e ocaac.

7 oie ooB|+X aca, oi,optqBac paci eopa I1pI4opaiaii aerypoi ci, a acoic' aco oa pepocaa B Ki ooacM epexe iic oai' paKBaBc epi opaia. i' ae p oI lK,o o o o i .

38

HepoMlHH | CpaB a epeKpeHH '|CHo| BH HaiHiCT poiI HN4.

l-]e poo i aC aaHo eoi (1945 p.) ,.K,'

oH i A, o iypyBa o.,eK. Hepeai ioi opo-)oo eeey (aep) B ix aax. opea, io i i14pa 1945 p. poia iio-xi.oo pa ..Poaa',(. oi) y Kopeoy i Kooioy apaoax -eo 50%, a CapecKoM - o B0% api, o ..a yiHKB,'. i oo CapeKoM Hapaoi paiHKaMC yo ,'epeBe.eHo py',, Ka, a oaM iyoo, ',BB-a Ha pai HeKopHa,,B9.

Peopaiai oHoo p a ii C (.,a''190 no,-Be .O

,.BKe', (ieapBaHH, Bo, iiai) ooa aao yai a , o oC .,o Hoo Meoaoepe)eH (eaai x A, paBa !oaia ii). Be ioo BKH CKopCTaC aKKoMepia PCP o ai ..pao-iex aioa-ix a'' po ..BK oBHHo'' o 20 H 1945 p't.li aoio epexoya ao o'rBaC pii ei-opo i epi y pBaHH ('.i py ', ).

Ha epopi CK '.oea,'92 e poe B''4L4B opai-oae i.opeeHH Ta o'eHa,,peproa'' HaBKooopaiaioo peepea ...,aeKoo'' (C. e), BT po i pooy 3 (..T''). Hapii 1945 p.pao i o pia93 i ie y KooiKoMa KopeKoM Hapaoax (00-400 oi)94 i i opeM pKp oBTaHKoo pX (pa ..oea,') i oaB.i aooHo' oai p, o oepBa a Cxoi

88 A C pa|' 1' p. 98, ' 4, ap' 12.89 Ta cao'90 Bi 1 ci,l o 1 o 1945 p. K,,Moa'' C oapao Cep

(a eo a) BB9 oi6' iopa 'ax KB,\ 'eat.,Xe'' a 1 p 1945 p iei p o iioao 24B . (flAC pai., . 13' cp. 76' , 57' ap. 51-5).

91 ,ec po ioi pa ,,epei o poii, ce iieieii ai oace pai''' i 19 a 1945 p. (,Q,: ir oa cepi' - . . - C. 158).

92 Kpoi ,.ea'' I1pCBoeo epi 1945 p.9 op a 3 H eBa

(Xopa opya)9s, e oo)Ke aKo) y iop.oai Kpo ..Qgg,'96.

.,o clay HooBopeoo poo. Kpa .,oeca,' yi:

poi ,, !aeK'' (C. e ), oi. peepeH ..

M ''(Cea Koe), op. peepe ..Tapa'' (ao Tpoi). oaoM caMopoooea cpKypa He Haaaepio 33' o peo o arHoo oioo apooo pocoH (oopa)97. poi oH y o-ii a opoy poo .

oa eaic poKoy oaKoo pyx a 33,Haaa oo ii, opea, y cxii aci He pH-a. Hai oye i poaai aepia cia po pooBeH opaiaie i epi o ...,aeoo'' oi -oo i pooo oop pacKoM peoi, opea, ooceopaHa.

.,o a oppoiya i C po aeHypo-oepa-oI ioi oaix aex pop i 1945 p. ..ae-

ypoT py HK PCP''. pya eeyaa oo poi Cio-ypaix eMe (..oepeix i ix oae paT,'), KoMiaa ryHo opeHa '.iia Mepexa'' ioepioi,.Qi poepoo, Koooo, Kpopicoi a M oaoopg8. 3a oepeHa oo poo aao eeHHaeryp HK o epax opai aioao-oHoopyxy Meo oa o.eopaiai x ioi. .[ B K Ka - oip o epii pyx eeHoa poi ai ep-H ..KpaM'' aHpaK o o ea Clpa.HK MeHHKi paT aaeia Maa Poo(..Biep PKoM M..'').

poe poioi i peepey C ..yi'' (M. Koa).ao B|/1Kpv|v| i epeepyBa pa ,.eia'' i. iei

95 B opiio eia p ocai aaolo ceicto 30-50 vc-Ki' ,o oKp)Koo t1poBo, (',CXip,'') o: ',Poa', (poi, BoopKpa)' ,,o',, ,,Mapo''' opa cKa,aac atpaoi: ,'Tpacopai'',,,

i co a'',,, oi'''96 acryi 1946-1947 pp, o poiK oKp .,o'' epioo ii-

t\4aB a nepet KepiBl1BoM Kpa po Bcaoge Koai pooo .97,Qa e l1poBo Kpa,,o,eca'' - ,,'' i,'Tapac'' 1945-1946 pp'

iioai piaM poBo 3 (ocai opa eBaBa', i iaop'' ).

98 a cBope ee|1oBaoo poBo aea epi oepaoip HK PCP o aii pai'i ( 1 944-1 945 pp.), ac leicCKX oepa-i -o po epicoi, eipaii 20-x pp, W c', oo CepiKa pi -,Qa e (,.,Qa i o '' ).

40

ioo poo B'o y o (..Apea'',..oaa'' ). a i.,o .0.ao poeeo

..yKo'' oe pa o p HK epio ee.oaoo pooy a oi ..Tapao,'( M xao 3axape ) o i i.,o ae99.

3ia yo opo (..epio ay''), ei .ipa 1 00, pyoi apoBoo i i oo- aepia oo ae-eeHH aei-iy 1945 p. pBe o io i ap-aHK eoi opo A i epexo.y y HoB i po-oo ii' 3a .0,peKBaM epia pxy KoMaHBaHHp.o poopMBaHH ix a 3 oBaHKXipoii101.

Bi ep 1945 p. yo poopoao (iioao) a- aoi ',p'' i ,.Capo'' (3 "44"), 6pa''.Xoi Bo'', .. aM'T Kpy'', iiy ..Aia'' ( ..33'' ). HeeaaHa oi pooBBaa i y ai iiii A, iaaHa epea o oo C, epopiax Boi, ooipoii pix pii ao eeaHo epexoyaa. Ha1 epe .1 945 p., oKpea, Ha epopii CK ..oea'' aio-BaHo TaK ei cpKp pyxy: ooa (oT C, Bo)i ioa ..iTKa'' - o 900 yai, oo .,epioo aKy', _12O oci6,4 i.poti A _ 24 oi]02. aaoM poe po-opya A a i i ipoy.

Byepe o'ei opei pexo 1945 p. .o HoB,oipaHX MoB opo, aTHa epii BoHoopX e .'la a apTaHCKo aKKo' Kep HeeK-1 p|B| Kaaepi ipoia 5 - 25 oi, i y oHoaCHo Txi oopoHaM-ooaM. Tai oo, oKpeMa,Ma KoMaHp-poi.' ..Ba Beepa'' (. yoa,oooM KepaB .. M Be'' ),

....ae '' (C. e ; ep.oo .. op'' ), o.

...,o'' ( |a Tpeo; ep. oo .. oB', ),,,!o'' (l. y; Kep. ooT '.ypaa', _ CeaH

Koa), ..oea i'' (. Bopoe; Kep. ooy',ea'' a....epKa'' _ Boo.'p Kp-epy), .,Cepi,' (. oi; ep.

99 iac l. Pepeo.Kapaa cea pali' 1917-195' _ ' 1 ' - C357.366; Beeee ,Q,, eeo C. ,|,paa ae l1oeHoK cec>'',2000' 24 op 2000 ., c' 24,

|00 cit]i aaa BeK Bpa paa ,.a' Kp'', o _ paa')i Bo'', epei - i.i ',opi aaa''' epi 1945 p' _ paa',oca aap'',

l01 a BiteHM KoIoo -pa 3 ''44', . Bopo (''u ,Qec''), cii oao poopa 3 '.44'', a oM 1945 p' - "".

toz LAo' . 1' o. 2' p. 169' ap' 119'

41

oo.'CeeH''), ..CMoK'' (M. Koa; Kep. oo..oKo,'_ MoaMico), ..Bepec'' (poa yap)a it.

aie i epoi' ie aH ioxpecpi, xi oBHHo (ooe) eoi ioi . .eeai (yai i eyai ooo py) .oopai ai HoBo co pc o ..iiai a-i a paTo-iex aioai;.''103. Teep e po.ec Boa paMaa i oo..apc i yiHMai CPCP aoi.

a, o 1 cep .1945 p' KoHoy paoi ioai 3axi.oipaT a ooi aeHTpH popoo iooei aiiai ocaKx ipoii opeTHM aae ixKalq' i ioi, pi i eoii yai a i.oiax a ix iiai' 3aao eoepeo iia-ie a aa opei piix i popoHx iHKB eiai ioi p' ., oaH KoHKpe (ep-coax) aBaH Ma copBa epy104.

., aoia ai oH i A Haeex yHKa apo-axyac pepecii (ape, eeHH y iaei ieociPP) oo cpoo oHoM p (..aooii'') aiopaoo pi (..ypyi, opoi, ii'') aceeHH.

l-{e eo tpo aiyao paKKoa opoi oaHKM pyoM oaKy 20-x pp. X ' paii . . i- ioiai, Ko, Hap|Ka,, a oBTaHcy ai y ceie ia pocpi ac Ko)eH ec ioia.

Hay Kpol(o y poKy aKK opo oca-KM pxo aa oaoa K K() i27 oaa 1945 p.' i Meo epee api aeryp i eopieaii ya-i pyy oo e oi, oB'aH opaHaM HKBi HK' poo|tao ice opaa poKo aCToCoyBapaKK BKK i epya eo ioi ieoo ae-eHH (ooo opox pai ai eeeiB)105.

a ayo apioo epia, e Mao a ni-opy ipai pa.HcKM opaHaM Ta ioii pepei oy oH i A, o oHyao icee HaeeH.o aKHo-

lo3 B. "ocaoa K K() i 24 n 1945 p''' ioc A, Hoacepi. _ ' , - c, 169-174,

1o4 CaHo a 20 KBit1 1945 p, Pieci oaci t,io 49 cepceic 905 o., Boci oaci a 20 lep 1945 p' _ cep. eic 97 o. (iac l, Pepeo-apaHa ccea paii' 1917-1953. - . 2' - c. 46).

lo5 ioc , Hoa epi, _ . , - . 174-177.

42

o aoay i ao oxi BHyt oo y paoyopoy (poay i), ipa iya o-oo py. |J-{e o aoo eoepeoi iiaiiai p a Ca yo opei yo ix poxai (..opaiai oax pMaHoK'').

pi ooi 1945 p., i poopya (eoii-aii, iiaiT) ioi ex ipoii A a 3, poooo oooi ooo oaa epeol. o Cyee. oai 1945 p. paHKM opaa y Boioai iyaa ii 21 6o| C a 8

..aH,'106, y Pi-ei oai _ 21 oi a 21 ,,apy', (Bo' noo'poo a i.)107.

C, opeMa pKypa aioao-ooo py, oHeBHHo epeopaBc a poTpa,HKe ii, TaaeHl ap,epo Ha aepHo-oepaHoT ioipaHcK eopai oo cepeoi. Bi ia 1945 p. y.pio-opaiaia iic C aeBaac Ha oeHii pp ..Haei i aiiM apa,, oH,.,poei oi'' api o i aeHryp, ei Meo.Kpoo HKl0.

i epexo, oHoo pyo ox op poo-i-ioi opo, Haoo 1946 poy A a 3 ya oa.oHo iioaa. poeci iiaii KoMap epeo.a pii ai iio epexi, p oM a M KoaH.-paM aac yi epii opa cpKyp A' aoi aaHK poeH ai oiya iii ox pee peyp' opa y pooy po.o)B a ioepaHo-epoa i ii ai A. ii i A- iea 'ea i. XeKoo, ''44'' i',Xoo p'' '

B 1945-1946 pp. aioao-BoH pyx a aHa o aoM epcoHaH Tpa. .Qo oo p-ac aeypHo-pooKaa .iic ep HKB.[Boo oai. pya cKaaa epeaxo .oix e-i oH i A a oi epio 'y o (Booi)oKpy oo Kpao (..KoMap',,'.op,').

to6 171g7599 po.,a'' i oaa ,'Bopoa'' (cei 11 ,lo,),,|Qipoa'' (la,Qe'; 70 o')' ,'lop'' (la Kci; 31 o ), ,,Kia''(Ti i; 76 o.), ''pa'' (4 o,)' ,'Ceooo'' (18 o,), ,,Cpi'' (Kpoacl; 50 o.)' ,.opoop'' (oeci Me; 4 o')' (L1.Ao' . 1' o,2, cp. 1699, ap. 16-17).

|07 l LAo, ' 1, o. 2, cp, 1677, ap. 46-77.t o A C pai ( Tepoi)' cp. 1 997, ap. 1 89 ( oep)' _ Ap 1 7.

4

B peyai i p pa.HCKM eopaHa B.'a-oC BBv| ie epeya poBo 33 ' Poaiepeioo pao Boo oai. i ac poee-H eoepaii HKB. 1-14 pyH 1945 p. a}1L i, pipoia' ipoi (peepe) pooy: opaiaipeepe, .o. poiHKa co.-oixoK ..ApX'' ('.Bepe'',. yap); peepe C co. oppoiK ,,Moec', (BaKope); peepe poaa,',Bi'' (..Aoco''); peepe' Ky ..ac'' (eo i Boooe) ; epeap,, Cv|V|'' . po i 33 ..ya'' (M. Koa) y a ipai (ya) y eHa pooyoH ..Koeapa'' (,.ei'', B. Ky), i i oo oepHeHHM y1946 p. oaa ioa pooa epix cpKryp 33.

Cepe ix pa Ha 33 y: -p A-ii, opaia-i peepe K..Moa'' coT. .'Cepi'' (,.He'', . oi),-p A-ieH o. ,..,oK'' (C. Ko), B "44'co. ,.BaBeepa'' (. yoa), po. oi (Bocoi) opy ,.eH''

(eip aopoe). 15 i 1946 p. aii aaeoi e-py HKB. Boo oai y opae i aapeToa- poi CK ..oea'', -p 3 ,,44'' a...y .[e''(. Bopoe).

Cpyypa i epi Ka A a 33 epi ooi1946 p. ai' iT -pa A-ii oya ..Cepi''(. oi)109 i eBHo ,.Ma !o'' (l. ). oaB i oixoHKa eHo UJa|/1C BaKaHM. ..Ma

!o'' opao pooa Kepa ai op-MaHM A-ii _ 'e.,aHHM p i. XeKoo, Keio y 3K ..Moa',. ..o cKaly xo eei i.,-ii i Bo ,..,ipoa'' (|a ..e'y), ..Iop'' (|aKi), ..PoMa', (..Kyi'', Txi 3iK), ,.ox'' (oea iy)'..opoop'' (oei Me) a ix aaHo eHIC..'o 200 oi.

cK ..oeca,, i ooeHH -pa ,,44,, .'Ha.,ea'' (. Bopoe), cepi B..Ba Beep'' (. yo-a)a yopeH ooii a oi ...,ae'' (pa ..oea,'),

epii cpKyp "44" B)Ke He ioa. oai a-i i.poi ..oX'' (o 50 oi) epeo to a. i. eKoo. 3a HeBeKx ipoii A a ep-opi pa.'oea'' pooa l y i Boi.

yi -pa A-ie i 'ea ..Xoo p', o oeaei 26 n 1946 p' a Mioi oya o. .,apa''.

44

1o9 1ayB 1 8 oo 1946 p, ci it,poio KB.,

.o a 'eaH Bxo., i.ii .,apaMa'' (Aaipx),,.ya'' (eip Mey), ..Kpya'' (oeapKpay), ..Mii'' (Mxao Kopac) a i aaHo e-i o 150 oi'

epi ooi 1946p. ipo.i A-ie poe- Ha Boi eia .0.aX oi' 3opea, 2 i ii aoi KoMaHpo A-ieH ..apMaeM'' y ox ox ayi aBaB poBHK oa)HX pa (19 oci ).Cepe ix, epeoxi o a iii ,.apaMa'' i ..yKa''.

ocai 25 oo y c. 3aai (.{eepa p-) axo oo 22 coa poHKa, a o 29 ep Ha yr. Cirypioo x paoy poe)Ha opoa paa 16 oci - i6 opaHeHM]10, B A-ii Bta1V| oe ai,oKpeMa i popoeH BHyaHX aaoi' Ha- Kaaepic ii.i (Bo) i oaaHM ,.,.epKaa',(B. Kp-epy).

Bao o.,ie, y oM ci aioaHo-Bo-Hoo p a , ao poeeH 10 oo 1946 p. opio Bepoo Pa PP. Haepeoi opi pyx oa aKBHypoaay iic Meo ix py' oKpeMa, a ooMo-o io i io o HaeeH a epooapii. Ha eopi aHBao poe.eH po ai a opx.i, aiicpaH ycaHoa, a iix 'Ky, Tpa-opH oeH a IH.

K K()' Ma iooi po i aH, p ioiioaHo (i22 i, 6 iB oo 1946 p.).l11, io KMo ioi aeex yi 3axio pa y eeii.po.i A, pop,oH i ypiix i HKB (a yCepeHoy o 20-40 oci a eo), i p aKBH,.ya,'y iooi i poeei opi. Haaa ai opaa aB..eoi oa'' i i K Ha a ii apaiyaa iicoai i iii y ea.

Ha cepey 1946 p. y ioioi o HecpoT oi-o yaii, o oHaMeHBaa oaHM oii epo-poM B PP i ioo ..Mpo'' iapoo oaoKo,o pyx Ha 33 y ye oTaoHo epe iHaryaHoi _ ocao o oopooi _ ..oKo iioi''aKTK opo. oca Maa apaKep KpTx (oipa-

110 lopMaop' 1946, - N9 1 ' - C. 44-45 (Piec paea e,PKM Ne 14161).

111 B.: ioc A. Hoa cepi. - , 3. - C. 200-204' 212-213' 21 5.

45

H) oiHo-oox i, ocHoo Kx ya oiHo-po-aaKa ii BpaHo eHeHie oMHa poK|(aoi) ai a aai poi y.

3poi i.poi pyxy Ha 33 (oi, Bo)y oi- iopoai epia opaiaioi epei (oai paoy) ooo i opaiaioT pooa i popi-ei opi. Ko ioa peepeypa pacopMaa- y ioy opaiaio-epoHaH, Ka, oo oeii i icoiB, yo)eHo ia opaiaiopeeperypo opl paT a . Peepepa C ia aHaKaaM i ipyi oix iox epi, p oy ioipa opaiai epHKaM ( Mepe)e i-i). Bi ooi ai ii (epiT, epopci a) po-o i iei A.

pyi ooi 1946 p. poe i.i a ooBa- poi oH ..ya'' (.,Biap'', ..pHKa'', M. Koa) aeBHo io peepe (-p A-ii) ..Ma !o''(|. vy). li peepeyp poo. ic aei Txepii y pyi 1945 p. y aa.|\|/1. opaiaiHa pK-ypa i epi caai y ai.

iio.ai pa (3K) ..i,': poiHK, K-p 'HaH..eK'' ..MaK

flyo'' (|' ), op. peepei eo ic. peepe a B 'aHH ..XMeHK''.,..e' H'' (.. Bepoe'', M Koa Tpo), peepe C .. epo''(aa Koay).

op: BoKa (.. I'')_ po. ..C'' (..M'',..ao

'', a o o a py ), o p . pee pe ..A

e Kae p,,(

., ap '', 3 oi Ca y) . .0,o a o Kp Xo., apao.,

Boo p-Boc , opoxi , .QyiK, y.Koea ("ll,') - po. ..opieKo'' (..opi'',,''',.'42'', Baepi oapy), peepe C.,p'' (..aac,', Ba

Ceeyx). .[o ay oKp o apao: Kai-Kap, Koe' oc, Paaic.

epeea (..|||'')_ po', peepe C 'a'' (oa'op); e poo. ..a'' (Apce Ko), ..eeH''(Mxao epeoc)' o Ka. op Bott apao-: epeec (..Kpya''), Kopc (..a''), l(..Ce''). Bo Bo ep Ka.,eia iix paotBooi a PieoT oae oaT.

3 57 paoi, ex o K ..i''. opaiaio epe-xe (..io',) ii yo ooeo 46. aaa ceicpooo ii, e paxyaH eaHo po)Ka a

46

MaKiB, Ha )oeH 1946 p. aHoa o 700 oi, H i-Ko axii _ oHa, 20112'

iio-i pa (K) .,Ce,' a i iopee-H p .,.,aeKoo'' ao poi: poi ..opHoy',;

ic. peepe '.pKo'' (i oi); op' peepe .'BapKa,'

(..aa'', poaa Ca); peepe C ..Cia'' (BoopKopo), ..Koa'' (..KHoKa'', Api aoe).

!o a CK xoo 3 apao: Kope (..Baa'')-poB. ..pKo'' (i oi), Kooi (..oe'')_ He oa-oa opaiaio, Capec (,,3ip'') _ po. .'MeK''.aaa ei pooo i.i, paxyaHH ea-Ho po)Kax a ai, Ha )oBeH 1 946 p. aoa ] 23oo1 13.

opea, Piea oKpa (..op'') _ poB. ..i'' (..oa,',Aaoi Mae), ai ..A''. .,o Ka. oKp Bo- .oi a Pie apao, o o,'i-c Ha oa, oyic, Keao-Tepei,Mio, oeapi, o, opoe,opo a Pie pao. aaa ei poo-o ii Pieoi oKp, e paxyaH eaHo po)Ba-X Ta ai, Ha )KoBeH 1 946 p. TaHoBa 182 oco114 '

.[o a aMopoooeHoo pooy Kpa .,o.ea'' o-

: poi.K ...,aeK'' (.,ooo'', C. e), ay- - i,oia a ii iex paoax

,,PoaH', (poao), ioia a ii xi paoax

.,ao'' (MoaMe ), epi epi o-epopTHo.iioi ...,Hipo''

(A. oc), ..iHKo'' (|a Kpo),,,a''. opaiaiopooo ooac Kooia, .[epa>

oH a 3 Boi]16. oai, oKpea, i oacoyi MaeKoM paoax Bocoi oaci; a oai(-p ...(epa'' _ B. Kp-epy), Poii (..epe'' -Kya po ), Kocoi i (,.Bei'' ) Pieci oai.aaei Bo apii 1946p. eBHo y cepe ocaixeopao ix a 33 ipoii A.

opaiaia ii oHoo py Ha 3y 1946 p' opii .| 945 p., a ie poiKa,'K,,(..op-eo'', M. KoaK), poa ''e|K| KpoK Bepet''1.l7. iape ei oaoHo BopKoaHa cpKypa oH a. Baoeo peypH 'oK aa opaia-i opaTa..[ a i epeaH poaax i i x aepiai HaaoXeHo pooy .pKapKoT ex i .

iia iic a 33 y 1946p. XapaKepBaacoaoHM epexooM i oao-ico o iio.oipax eoi opo (,.poe ii''). Toi pooao Bope iiya ooo ooi epei pyy eaHo po)Ba ei (..eai''). .Qo ax i i-io poo Hae)a pa poeix api a HeoaHiooei aapay opaiaii.

epexi aioao.Booo p}Dry y 1946p. o ooaoipoaoi ioi pi o eHeHH Mo)oce lpaoi opoH o.o oo ,.oaoHoi iiai''. Ha oay1947 p' opaH MB i M y Boi i Piei oax o-caryBa ii aiioao aeryp a a ory oiil,l8. Tae aHoe oBoo oHoM pyx a 3pool o opaioa iic o epe.|-| 50-x pp. XX .

..o epooo oMy ooi epii ..ioy A' eo 285-119 oKyei i aepiai _ io, HaKa, poop)eHH,ittpyiT, i, o cia po ioy i iiy iicA a ai a Boi, oici i oii 1944-1946 pp.

a o cpKpo BaHH Kaae iopo-apxe-opaioo ' oKeHao a (oe i aepi-

|16 l |Ao' . 1, o, 23, cp' 2921, ap. 1-9'1|7

'r|Cpai., . 13, cp. 76, , 8, ap, 122,1|8 lJo' ' 1 ' o' 75, cp, 221 , apK, 68, o,l19 eiKa oei i }qo oM K oa (a,l) o itoKMe|B.

48

a aHoaiM o H aHiKo Moo), CKi icpaia KopoeH' IHeK .0.o eKCl.

.[oye i aepia pyoai y e' eMaHX po-ii, o poKpa ii KoHKpeH pKTyp aioa-Ho-oHoo pyx. ii poii, Bo., pecaBe-Hx oKMei, a eia ipoii.

p iooi ipKa oKMei opao o.,epxaoo apxiy Cy ee pa (A pa),l-{epaoo ep)aHoo apiy B opai BaI i pa-i pai (L|.,ABO) a.{epaoo apxiy Pieoi oai(APo)' opei .oMe i aepia oo |-{epaooapxiy poa.CKx o'ea pa (|JAo)' Koe oKMeHTieioaHo a ioi oo, ooM, Cpao, oMoMI apKeM'

o A C paT, LLABO a.QAPO e aiM oK-MeHaHM ipaM oKMei i aepiai paiooaioao-oHoo pxy Ha epopii Boi, oi aoi epioy .Qpyoi iooi i. oo oKMeHaHoopecaeHH oBorHHoo ep|oy' o y KHa ep|THae .A pa.

ooa acaa iopy oyei o ipa _ e a-i oBHe pe.D.TaeH BeH opMaHx Ta BiHoyei epix opai A a ai'

ep ea poi Kaa oyMeHT i aepiaA-ii, Kparoo poo oH, HBPO, o i piiHapM Kep|BHTa a o|Ho| |Hoc| BoHoo pyxa Boi. oici i oii.

Bipae oo ipoi ipKM i i oK-MeHaM KoMaHaH A-ii a KparBoo pooy oH33 a epio i .l943 p. o 1ooo 1947 p. l-{i oyeH p-MoBa i opya.ii oai a iopya po ipea. Cepeoyei a1944 p. _ poop'eH iaa- KoaH.,pa A-ii, poia oH ..aaa Mocpa''(..opiM'', .[. Ki) a oo aHKa ..3aaKoo''(. ye). ii oyei a 1945-1947 pp. _ poop-xeHH, i, paeoo poia 3 ..y'' (.,CMoK'',,.ypHKa,',,.KyMa'', ..op-eHKo'', ..Biap'', ..555'', M. Koa).

pyoy ipoii peaei oye Hapoo-oo peoioT opaiaii a epio i 1B o)KoBTH 1944 p.' i opy i .. ieo-oix ao-)eHHX'' i ai .ioi pxy. Cepe H aai _'.Peoi aooo 'y HBPo', a ..Ca HBPo''.

49

pei ipoti i ipyiT a io oio-poaaHoo iiy A-ii a epio i. 4 py.1943 p. o i 1946 p., oKpea' KoppoaaHH Bioo epoHoapii a ..io', M. peyx i M' Xpyoa ([o7 o 19a4 p.]).

B eepoy ipoii pyoaHo ..oKye i aepiaC ee a icoo-ooBoo a epio i 6 e-peH 1944p'.o oaa 1946 p. Cepe x- io-iop-ai ,oKyMeHT peepei 3 ..ypHK'' (.'CoK'',..Kya',, M. Koa) i ..Mi', (o. pcx) a CK ..oea,'..CoKa BoKa''. ' ipoi pe.'aeo icpyiepoiyao i opoiyao'i i .l944 p.

.Qo pyoo eaHoo poiy i oe op-MyBaH p (iooi opy) ..oy,' (...,oa,') a A-ie, o i a ii Boi (epopi Pieco,epoioi oace) i oii (epopi TepoicoT,KaM'e-oico, Bioi, Ko oae) a ixpex peioax.

ep oy ipoi i peTae i oye KoMaH/].aHHa opyaH p

..oy,'_ HaKa KoMaH.pa py ..Poaa''

(. oi) iea ay p..p'' (.. Kaa) i-16 i1 8 i 1944 p. a aoBeHH a oaaH xapvi aoyKoMaH.,pa..oo'' (Mai Toap) i .| ep 1944p'

!o pyoo ipoiy' o xapaKepye ii C iooioKpy a eepaoi opy, yi HaKa peepea .,oc|AK''

i .l0 i 26 pa 1944p, a oioeH po aeypHy poory i24 p 1944 p'; o peoo _ Haa KoMaHBaH a epi.i opex ipoii A-ie i 1944 i -l946 pp. Cepe xHaKa oapi A-ie ,,e'' (..ei'', B. Ky) i ,.apMaa''

i 6 epe 1944 p. i 26 pa 1946 p. a KoMaHpi opex i-poii ..CopoHa'' i eo .,yKa'' i 8 i 3 paH 1944 p'

eep ipoi Ka.,a opaiaii a oiio-poaaHi aepia (ipyiT i aao po ii ei pyy, io o aee i epooapMii oo),o oo epio i 1 1 oo o H 1944 p,

[1' ipoi aHo T io - i op a i o KM eHA a ai i 30 ci .l944p, o 31 ci 1945p. aaii yaaHeHo ie ii px i yio-oi-He aoe B Haaoi epooi apii a Boia eHpao-cxix peioax paT. .{eia ii pe-a ooy, opaiaiy i xoo.iy iiix ypBaH A (.,oyH'', ,..'oa,', ..ooH p'') i

50

KoMaBaHHM ..PoMaHa'' (. oi) a ,,ceHa'' (M. C)'.a oix i coo i yaaHeHo oT oepaB-Ho-aKHy iic oaHK opya i a oepaiiBB HKB y KpeMeex iax i ai i A i ypa(op) 24 i 1944 p.

oc ipo.i i i po pe i ii oKpe-x opya a oapi a epio i 24 i 1944 p. o15 p 1945 p. Cepe x iopai po pe ipoiiA i KoMaHyaH ..poo'' (. i), ..Caa''(o. Kaa),..aaaHa'',..ypa'',,.aHKa'',,.BooKa'',,.apMaa''.aa ii oce o ocai paoi ci ya, oi(Coia), Peie, Maee a xpioy ii.

.{o peoo TeMaHoo poiy yi oKeH ipo-ii py (icooi opy)

..3apaa'', o i y iii a-

i Pieoi oaci a pe paoax i iopyi yepi ooi 1944p' l-{i oye a eMaKo poo.ieia ii ac-ipoii.

ep pooHae HaKaaM a ipyi oNla-yaHH py a io Koztapa

,..,ooo'' (l. y)i ea ay..p'' (...{. .[peKo'', ,.. Kopie) a epio i4 epe o -l6 paH 1944p' lx oo epiip, ooHo KopecoH.ei ea a, Ha atpe KoMaHl-pi..pi'' (..Pa'', C. Koa), ..aKaa', (A. P), ...,aeKoo''

(C. e), ,.KaHa'' (A. y) a epio i 1B oo o22pa 1944 p.

Tpei ipoi peTae ,,oa icpi i -Hoo ocepey i 19 i i2 pa 1944p. a ico..Kopaa,', o Hop ioy iooy A. .iioioo iiy py pe.caeHa y eepoy ipoiioa poaaH.M aepiaa i e 1944 p'' a Cy- ee iooT oKp ,oy ipoii - aaa iKoMeaHa ..opHoo'' (M. Cepea) i24-26 epBH 1944 p.

.{ii ii iooT pot icpy iooc-i epey oapa..HeMo'' (|' peo) i 2 epe 1944p.(oc ipoi); ioo oooi aapMepi _ aa iipyi i 21 i 1944p' KoMeH.,aHTa ..KaHa,' (A. y)(o ipoi). 3a ipoi - e io-iopa-i oye A a ai (31 epe _ 4 ep 1944 p,):i oapi aoy ..KooHa'' (..Xaci'') ..pi,'(C. Koa) i ..opo'' a ao i' oaa ..aKaa'' (A. P).

eep ea poi TaHo oKyMeH p(Bo) ..Tpi'', o ia Ha epTopiT Booi oai a p-

51

eX paoax iH iopci, ooa poiy - iopaiiepii .. Haapa Kp'' ( Ky), .. Biai'' a .. Mai'' (Cealpa) a epio i 28 oo o 2 epH 1944p. poioi a cio-oii aiT pioa.

, ea pot, - e oKye 'eHaH p ,.''(..3axo'', iM. XMeoo), o io Ha epopi iio-axioo pa (..e'', ..MoCKa,', ..ic''; Boaoa i axii pao Pieo oai, pei ieipao iopyi a xii - oi).

.[oye KoaHaH 3 y epoM ipoii pepee-y HaKa i21oTH 1944- 20 i 1945 pp. oapi,..,ooo', (|. y), ..Kaaa'' (. Ceay) a xiayi. |-{i oye, ooM HoM, HopMa opa-iai a BoeHH ii p. .Qai yiC HaaKoMeHaHa C Bo ..opoo'' (M. Cepea) a ay i o-HeHH o ix oyei C (24 oH 1944 - 1945 pp.).

Tpei ipoi i ioi i poiyai i i.i-i, ipoii a a epio i 25 )oH 1944 p' o [epe]1945 p. Bi pooHar iopaiM po opoxi c' laiyiyc i iooT a opaiaio ioi (aio ..MaKa'' _ |. y) a oKpex pa: ,.oa

aapy'', ..Coopa paHa'',,.XoMKa'''oca i i.poi Cra i coo. o i i i a i op-

aii po a a epio i [oaa] 1944p. o [pa]1946p. oeax o.aHo o oo ai a yoK,iopaiT po paT epe.t], ocai a ioo HaeeHHB oKpeX oKpa.

o e apoi - oKMeHT p ( Bo ) .'

''aii aryKa, 'eHaHH p ,,44'' ,Ki i Haepopii iio-xioo pa (..oea''; epopi PieoT, Xopo,Kio oae pai a pei iei pao iopyi) _pooHae HaKaaM a ipyi (i 1B epe1944p' - .10 o 1945 p.) oaBaHH p a a i.-oM KoMaHpa ..oeK oa,' (..y .'eH'', . Bopoe)a oo ayi. |-] .oKMeHaM HopMBaa ooHMHoM opaiaiHa a oeHHa ii ipoii.

Cepao ipyie i 7 epe 1944p' a i-oM ,,A. Cipoo'' pe.aeo ii oepaoo i.i-y. Hay oe (i 12 p 1944 p.) a io..A. aapa'' Hopya ii opoiaHoo iiy.eep ea ipoi - HaKa i i aepiapaii C a epio i 17 )oBH 1944 p. o epH 1945 p.

52

Hay ipoi _ io-iopai oye Aa ai a epio i 15 i ]945p' o 2 xoBH 1946p.ii - e aaei o oBCaHCoi ioi a y-io-oiHoo caoa peioax. Bio pi ia 1944 p. a ii i i ep 1944 p, _ epH 1945 p. aio ea ay',Bac Beep,, (. oa) eaoiopaa opaiaiy, iy a oey ii pp ..", "44" ' i a i.o

..aBa'' (17 ep1945 p.) i ..aHK'' (20 o 1946 p.) iopaxa.iioKpeMX .,io pooo ii.

o ipoi - i po pe a ii oKpeMXocTaHKx opya ([ie] 1944 - -l945 pp.)_ aoBeiT opex py, iii, ypei Ta ,eHaH i epiTBoMoapi ,,oHeHKa,' (M. Me), ..Caoo'' (H. Cee),,.opea,',,,Kapea'' (. oi),,,Bac Bep''(. yoa), ..apa'', ..PoMaHa'', ,.Paea'' a iH', ooHoy xix pioax CK. oai p oKeHT _ eaiepo i i opeTo ,.oo pe aaepi-CKoo ii A' a oaK 1945 p. a aTopBo . Bopo(.,ry .,e''). a i.poi _ i io o ooi ieH poaaHHoo ii i ep i 1944 p.

Co e a poi aoBoKe o iHo-i pa ..oea', i epiToM ..,{aeKoo', (C. e), i, i 1945 p. paoM piaM aoHoo i aai epopiT KoHoo CK. poaaBHa a opaia-ia ii epiBa Kpa pe,caBeHa ioa, aKa-oM Ta ipyi a epio i 5 p 1945 p. o H 1946 p.B ope ipoi oKpeMeHo aH epia 3,CK a Kpa a epio i 25 epH o 20 p 1 946 p., e i-.e p Ka r BarMo B|.o'H oC|H M |) ya H KaM o Hoo pyxy.

..o ooo poiy yi opei io-iopai.oMeHT i

.|945 p. i 20 oo 1947 p, ioio. ep _e opoi o1|C o p .,oH,'' ,.Tpi'', ..T',; 3"", "44" (A-ii) a A-ie, oai oKMeHT _..Kopo Hap oioT K7LL oH a '' a aTopo..M.

.Qooo'' (|. ).!e' ea poi _ e .,oKMe poo oH o

ioi aioao-BBoHoo pX a 3 i ]945 p. o10 o 1946 p. epa..|pyi Ha a .'' Hope iicpX Ha epio ..epeMp''' (i aie i epoi).|i oye 'oy cTaBe poo oH o ioiopaiai i epi oM

...,aoo'' (C. e ).Oecap Bo

e

.{oye i aepia, o iyTC epooy oioo epi ..ioy A'', a aooK, aei op-HKaM. x aHaeHo opo HoMep, T oKMHa, aaoi _ aopcBo, ic1 aa a ioo oep. oaa Xooea He aHoBeHa, i ay a io'ypoiM oKyMeHaM oo. ao pai yoy aryoaHo KapaHy>KKax [Xoe 1945 p.].

ii peTaeH oKMei epepyoao eKopoeH. He oe (aoe) o.aHH ei e HoB'ae eaHo-ioo oii, poyei a- eiB oHaa TpKpaKaM (...), a He poai a-paTHM )KaM [...]. Hepoii (e popoai) aTHei oHaeHo paio (xx. ). TeKTax oyei paioepeaHo ei aopKX ipee (1-pa.1 1.

ai MaKcMao epeeHo eKKy, aopi ape.aKopi ocooi epe. e i oao ai eopaii a. io i yac HopMaM BpaBeHoyai, XBaH aoK. e oyei i aepiai o.a-Ho a ooi aHx pa iaiT iopx oyei.opopaii o HaaHi paeo e aepe)eH.3opea, y ioioi oaM cyaHoo ypaioo pa-oy Bpaeo HaCaHH pKMeHKi, ao (ia _ ia, oi _ oi). opoao xaHH aopoa (a'-pi - apiB, o - ,o). opopaii o, o epe-l(p oBe HaeHH, oaHo y piax. Bai ipyK al] ei aaei p yiaiT oa KpBHMiepa, a aeo (a-xx-a).

p

BopoByBao oo.,ioo.,i. Ha i ooi paeHoeooi. oo epepKoa TeKi aepiai (i-, opyp oo), o Hae opiaoi cToe aieHx pyoi.

Koe .oKMeH Maepia poBoxye ee.o, i aHaeHo ie epia oKMeHTa (opoea HaBaapxiy, HoMep o, oC, pa, oM, apKi), ay- aei .oKMeHTa (opia, oi, ai.'ea oi).Biope .oKMeHa pKap oooM He aHaeo.3aaae i pocHe iope.0,oKMeHTi i aepia-i. epea i oa epeKa oyei aaei. |opaipo oepe yiai oae eei. lopaii poBeHH oo)KH (iex) i oix (ix oi) eioei ( ix apxiax, oa oo) a Tx ee.' o.ao pM|KaX.

ipy pe.,caBeo oooppe epeop epi-Hoo cKay A i ai, a aKo oopai e iooo aiioo T. 3aaei y iax i oppea iiryei a ao ioia, a ioi e ioi.aT BCB|.BaHOM epioy. B oaoM BaK o.t],ao ai yei,ii Kx pBoHa ocepHo. iax o oopai oBaHKoo oaHo HaBH iopai po opaeea a ix ooe. peai aepia epia oM' epHi ooei aBa,.io A''.

B aooHx eKca B)o oioa ceM pa-iepaii iioe Kope CA.

oy, i.ip, HayKoo-apxeopaie opaaH .oKy-ei i oopai, popo ceM a Kapoe oM BKo-a oeap Bo. ay poo op.aHH' HaKooope.,aBaHH a ioo ipKa o pK BKoHaB CepiKoi'

op ToMy Kar,a p o ipoiy.'epxaoo apxiy Cy ee pai Boopy oopy(. KT) a HaH ooi pooy; iopy-oiy |opyMapyy (. Pie) _ a aope popaH peTaeHXy ip apoa .,oKMei a Ha,aHH KOMeeHHXoHai; aipay Boopy Koay (. eeia) _a exiy i ayoy.ooory; iopy-paeHaB oeapyfley (. Pie) _ a Ha.aHH iopai oyai.

lntrodution

The present vo|ume in the new series of Litopys UPA ontainsdouments and materials of the Ukrainian lnsurgent Arm and itsrear Iine servies-the structures of the organization of UkrainianNationalists (OUN) and the Revolutionary People's LiberationOrganization (NVRO)-that relate to the organized armed struggleof the Ukrainian national-liberation movement in Volyn', Polissia, andPodillia (PZUZ and PSUZ),1 in 1944-1946, i.e., from the time of thearrival of the Red Army (ChA) and the Soviet administration until theswith to new forms of armed strugg|e'

The vo|ume ontains appea|s (addresses), orders, directives,instrutions, reports and other douments and materia|s, the major-it of which were inaessibIe to researchers after these doumentswere seized by Soviet special organs, and thus never published. As aresu|t of the rebirth of the Ukrainian state and the demorati hang.es in our ountry, arhiva| fonds thatWere one |osed, in partiu|artoday's State Arhive of the Seurit Servie of Ukraine, are nowbeing opened, and scholars ar now studying their contents.

The present vo|ume is the resuIt of this new sholar| researh.Pafi of the materia| is a chrono|ogia| and themati continuation ofthe mi|itary and administrative doumentation pubIished in Vo|ume2 of the new series of Litopys UPA-Volyn' and Polissia: UPA andthe Rear Line Services, '1943-1944 (Kyiv-Toronto, 1999), and in sev-eral volumes of the first series, which were published in Canada anddevoted to the UPA's struggle in Volyn' and Polissia.

We trust that the documents and materials presented here willshed more light on the inadequately studied period of the Ukrainiannational-liberation struggle, and that they will prove useful to all thosewho have an interest in some of the most dramati pages of modernUkrainian history, which stilI resonate in Ukrainian soiety today andin the near and far abroad.

1 According to the UN's organizational (krai) division of the ethnil Ukrainianlands, Voln', Rivne' and Zhtomr oblasts, the western paft of Kiv oblast in Ukraine,as weII as the southen raions ot Berstia and Polissia oblasts of Belarus omprisedthe Northwestern Ukainian Lands (PZUZ). ln 194 the Southeastern Ukrainian Lands(PSUZ) included the territory ofthe central, southern, and eastern lands of Ukraine. Themain region of the UPA's activit in the PSUZ was comprised of Kam,ianets'-Podil's'kand Vinntsia oblasts, and the southern part of Kiv oblast'

56

There are sti|| quite a few douments Ieft in the arhives, whihref|et the ativity of the nationa|-|iberation movement. For this pub-liation the ompi|ers se|ected materia|s with the rihest ontent,in|uding some unique douments. In order to emphasize their sig-nifiane, l wi|I fous briefly on the historiography of the problem andreview the reognized soure base for the study of the insurgent andunderground struggle on the territor of Vo|yn,, Polissia, and Podil|iain 1944-1946.

A harateristi feature of officia| Soviet historiography was thefat that it did not distinguish the struggIe of the oUN and the UPAon this territory in the final phase of World War II and the postwarperiod from the genera| contet of the '.riminal ativity of Ukrainianbourgeors nationalists."2 At the same time, Ukrainian historiogra-phers abroad studied the ativity of the UPA and its rear line ser-vies in the northwestern region only in a fragmentary fashion. Theworks of Mykola Lebed', Petro Mirhuk, Lew Shankovsky, and Yuriyys.Krokhma|iuk shou|d be sing|ed out here. Based on the authors'partiipation in the insurgent movement, as weIl as on doumentedeyewitness reports and memoirs, these works are the most detailedstudies of the ativity of the UPA and the oUN in Ukraine.3

In his ground-breaking bib|iographi survey, Maksym Boikoadevotes one of the |ongest hapters in his book to the ativity ofarmed formations in Vo|yn', paftiular|y the UPA. In essene, theauthor reated a universal methodoIogia| sheme for future studieson the armed struggle.

The Litopys UPA Publishing House began its work in 1973. By2004 ft had published fifty volumes spanning three series based on

2 V' Bieliaiev and M. Rudnts'ki' Pid chuzhm praporam (Kiv, 1956); S' T.Danlenko, Dorohoiu han'bizrad(Kiv' 1972); K. Dmtruk, Bezbathenk(L'viv' 1974);V' P. Cherednchenko, natomiia zrad (Kiv' 1978); A, V, Likholat, Natsionalizm-vragtrudiashchikhsia (Moscow, 1986); V, A' Davdenko, ,'Ukrains'ka Povstancha Armiia'':shliakh han'b i zlochniv ( Kiv' 1 989)'

kola Lebed', Ukrains'ka Povstans'ka rmiia: li heneza, rist idii u vzvol'niiborot'bi ukrains'koho narodu za Ukrains'ku samostiinu sobornu derzhavu ( PresoveBiuro UHVR' 1946); Petro Mirhuk, Ukrains'ka Povstans'ka Armiia' 1942- 1952 ( Munich,1953); Lev [Lew] Shankovsk,

,,Ukrains'ka Povstanha Armiia'' in lstoriia ukrains'kohoviis'ka (Winnipeg: lvan Tktor' 195); Yurii Ts-Krokhma|iuk, UP Wartare in Ukraine:strategial' Tactial and rganizational Problems of Ukrainian Resistane in WorldWar ll (New York: Societ of Veterans of Ukrainian lnsurgent Arm of the United States,1972).

4 aksm Boiko, Bibliohrafichni ohliad zbroinoi borot'b Volni (Toronto, 1976).

archival materiaIs and memoirs. Some of them iI|ustrte th UPA'sactivity i |he PZ|JZ'\

Until reIative|y reent|y man documents Were hidden awa in spe-ial arhival ho|dings. Bginning in the ear|y ]990s, when researherswere finally able to familiarize themselves with the main set of UPA andoUN douments as weIl as those peftaining to the Soviet pafty-admin-istrative and speia| organs, they began onduting more ompre-hensive researh rnto the national-|iberation strugg|e, and assoiatedevents and proesses. Among the specialists who were instrumenta| inthe pub|iation of douments and materials on this topi are lvan BiIas,Vo|odymyr Serhiihuk, Iurii Shapoval, and others.6

A substantia| ontribution to the shoIarl investigation of thissubjet was made by members of two working groups of historians.The first, headed by Stanis|av Ku|,hts'kyi (Kiv), was creatd inassoiation with the governmenta| Commission for the Study of theAtivity of the oUN and the UPA based at the lnstitute of Historyof the Ukrainian Nationa| Aademy of Sienes.7 he other group,headed by lu. Slyvka (l-viv) studied the deportations of the Ukrainianpopulation.s Contemporary views of UPA activity in the Volyn',PoIissia, and KhoIm regions are elaborated in olIetions of shol-ar|y works published b the L'viv-based l. Kryp'iakevh lnstitute of

5 Litops Ukrains'koi Povstans'koi rmii, vol' 1 (Toronto, 1976); vol' 2 (Toronto,1977); vol. 5(Toronto, 1984)

6 lvan Bilas, Rpresvno-karal,na sstema v Ukraini, 1917-195' vo|, 2 (Kiv'1994); Volodmr Serhiichuk, oUN-UPA v rok viin. Novi dokument i materia| ( Kiv'1996); see also his Desiat' buremnkh lit, Zakhidnoukrains'ki zemli u 1944-1953 rr'Novi dokument i material (Kiv, 1998); see also his UPA ta radians'ki partzan( Kiv' 201); lurii Shapoval, oUN i UPA na tereni Pol'shhi ( 1944- 1947) (Kiv' 2000);Litops neskorenoi Ukrain, Dokument, materiall' spohad, vo|, 1 (L'viv' 199); vol,2 ( 1997).

7 S. l. Zdioruk, L V. rnevch, and o. l. Zdioruk, Pokazhchk publikatsii prodiial'nist' oUN ta UPA (1945-1998 rr.) (Kiv, 1999); Fond z istorii Ukrains'koi povs-tans'koi armii v derzhavnkh arkhivoskhovshchakh Ukrain' notovani pokazhhkfondiv UP (1942-1946)' issue no' 1 (Kiv' 1999; Fond z istorii Ukrains'koi povsta-ns'koi armii v derzhavnkh arkhivoskhovshchakh Ukrain ( 1941-1957). notovanipokazhchk fondiv parttinkh orhaniv URSR' v iakkh vidblasia borot'ba z UPA, issueno. 2 (Kiv' 2000); S. A. Kokin, Anotovani pokazhchk dokumentiv z istorii oUN iUPA u fondakh Dezhavnoho arkhivu SBU (Kiv, 2000); and his Problema 1LJN-LJPA..Poperednia istorychna dovidka (Kiv, 2000); Problema UN.IJPA' Zvit robochoi hrupistorykiv pr Uriadovii komisii z vvchenniia diial'nosti UN i UP. snovni tez z prob-lem oUN-UPA (istorhni vsnovok) (Kiv' 204).

8 Deportatsii. Zakhidnizemli lJkrain kintsia 0-kh-pochatku 50-kh rr, Dokumnt,material, spohad, vol. 1 (1939-1945) (L,Viv, 1996); Dportatsii, Zakhidni zemliUkrain kintsia 0-kh-pohatku 50-kh rr' Dokument, material, spohad, vo|. 2( 1 946- 1 947 ) ( L'viv, 1 998).

58

Ukrainian Studies at the Ukrainian National Academy of Scienes.gDuring the years of Ukraine,s independene several vo|umes eahfrom the old and new series of Litopys UPA have been published;some of the douments in these publiations a|so re|ate to the sub-ject of the present volume.lo

In reent years the volume of work conneted with the prepara-tion of monographs has increased.lr The authors of these works,demonstrating their know|edge of the researh subjet, pose manynew questions, suh as: what effect did the use by the Soviet stateseurit organs of bogus units of the UPA (,.speial fighting units'')have on the |iquidation of the landestine insurgent movement?,l2Individualworks eamine the tatis of the insurgent army..l3

Utilizing archivaI soures, Ukrainian historians also present impor-tant statistia| data on repressions that were instituted against the popu-|ation, particu|ar|y the families of members of the |andestine insurgentmovement. he authors of some works ana|ze events in ertain regionsand on the basis of onrete information, researh the irumstancesbehind them. Researhers have investigated the diffiu|t questionsof Ukrainian-Po|ish reIations during Wor|d War ||, paftiu|arly the con-f|it between the UPA and the Armia Krajowa (AK) in Vo|yn,.14 These

9 Voln' i Kholmshchna 198-1947, Pol's'ko-ukrains'ke protstoiannia ta iohovidlunnia, Doslidzhennia, dokument, spohady (L'viv' 200): Ukrains,ka Povstans'kaArmiia v borot'bi prot tota|itarnkh rezhmiv (L'viv' 204).

10 edhnaopikavUPA'vol' 23of LitopsUPA(Toronto-L'viv' 1992);R. Petrenko,Za Ukrainu, za iivoliu, vol' 27 of Litops UPA(Toronto-L'viv' 1999); M' Savchn, Tsiahadorih, vol, 28 ot Litops UP(Toronto-L'viv' 1995); edhna opikav UPA, vol. 32, pt' 2,of Litops UPA (Toronto-L'viv' 2001); Vdannia Holovnoho Komanduvannia UPA' vol, 1 ,New Sries, of Litops UPA(Kiv-Toronto' 1995); Voln'iPolissia: UPAta zapillia' 194-1944' vol, 2, New Series, of Litops UPA (Kiv-Toronto' 1999); Borot'ba prot UPA inatsionalistchnoho pidpilIia: drektni dokumentTsK Kompaftii Ukrain' 1943-1959,vol, 3, New Series, of Litops UP (Kiv-Toronto' 2001),

t t Volodmr Kosk, Ukraina pid chas Druhoi svitovoi viin' 1938- 1945 (Kiv-Paris-NewYork-Toronto, 1992); Anatolii V. Kentii, Ukrains'ka Povstans'kaArmiiav 1944-1945rr, ( Kiv' 1999); see also his Ukrains'ka Povstans'ka Amiia v 1946- 195 rr. ( Kiv' 1999);|urii Krychuk' Narys z istorii ukrains'koho natsional'no-vzvol'noho rukhu 40-50 rokiv) stolittia (L'viv' 2000); Anatolii Rusnachenko, Narod zbureni (Kiv, 202); A. Gogun,Mezhdu Gitlerom i Stalinm. Ukrainskie povstants (St' Petersburg, 2004).

12 lvan Bilas, Represvno-karal'na sstema v Ukraini. 1917-1953, vol' 1 (Kiv,19e4).

1 S. Tkachenko' Povstancheskaia armiia: taktika bor'b (insk-Moscow,2000).

14 l, l, lliushn, UN-UP i ukrains'ke ptannia v rok Druhoi svitovoi viin (v svi-tli pol's'kkh dokumentiv) (Kiv' 2000); see also his Protstoiannia UPA i AK (ArmiiKraiovoi) v ok Druhoi svitovoi viin na tli diia|'nosti pol's'koho pidpi|lia v ZakhidniiUkraini (Kiv' 2001); laroslav Tsaruk' Trahediia Volns'kkh sil 194-1944 rr' (L'viv'2003).

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questions have a|so been disussed at various internationaIseminars.l5

hus, sho|ars have made a definite historiographi ontributionto researh on this subjet. We hope that the present vo|ume wil| alsohe|p to strengthen the soure base and fai|itate unbiased delibera-tions of the omp|ex and dramati events of those times.

The military-administrative structure of the national-liberationmovement in Ihe PZUZ and PSUZ was created in 1943, during theNazi oupation. |n the oUN- and UPA-ontro||ed regions of thePZUZ tI was divided into the f ront (the armed struggle of the UPA) andthe rear Iine servies (the military-administrative ativity of the oUN).ln the eastern raions of the PZUZ ad in the PSUZ, where the UPA'shoId was weak, the |iberation movement operated in Iandestineinsurgent forms.

In early '1944, when the German-Soviet front was shifting, theinsurgent movement on the territories of these lands was organi-zationa||y enompassed in the General okruhas (Hos) of the UPA'whih were also known as Genera| Military okruhas (l-iVos). one HVooperated in the PZUZ and one was in the proess of being formed inthe PSUZ, The general leadership of the insurgent movement withinthe framework of the HVo was in the hands of the krai ommands:UPA-Nor1h inthe PZUZ and UPA-South in the PSUZ.

At the head of eah HVo and the orresponding krai ommandWas a ommander, who was in charge of the UPA and its rear line ser-vies (the oUN underground). The UPA |eadership and suppl servi-es operated with the assistane of the miIitary and politiaI headquar-ters. The mi|itar headquaters inluded departments of operations,intelligene,16 suppIies and materie|, miIitary training, and politia|instruction. The poIitia| headquarters included internal and externaIpo|itia| departments. In addition to the mi|itary and po|itia| head-quarters, departments (referentury: setions) of |iaison and the RedCross (ChKh) were subordinated to the HVo's ommand.

The rar Iine servies of the UPA HVo (the oUN underground)were under the ontrol of a ommandant subordinated to the om-

15 Ukraina-Pol'shcha: vazhki ptannia, vols' 1 .2 (Warsaw, 1998); vol. 3 (Warsaw,1998): vol, 4 (Warsaw, 1999);vol. 5 (Warsaw, 2000).

16 This depaftment was a subunit of the ilitary Securit Service (VSB), whih inturn was a part of the Securit Servie Section ( SB)'

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mander of the HVo. The rear Iine servies apparatus was divldedinto subdepaftments (referentury) that were represented at all levelsrangrng from the HVO to the stanytsia (rural underground): organiza-tional-mobilizational, Seurity Servie, suppIies and materie|, organi-zationa|-politial, auxiliary Iiaison subsetions, and the Red Cross.

Compared to 1943, the organizationa|-territorial onfiguration ofthe UPA's rear line servies in the PZUZ remained unhanged, withsevera| insignifiant exeptions. The rank and fi|e e|| of the organi-zation was the stanytsia,]7 and severa| stanytsias ombind to forma kushch18 (2-5 stantsias). Severa| kushches (2-5) were ombinedinto a subraion; several pidraions formed a raion; several raions (3-6)omprised a miIitar nadraion; several nadraions formed a miIitaryokruha (VO); and several okruhas formed a general military okruha(HVO) or a krai-land (PZUZ, PSUZ).

In early 1944 the territory of the HVO PZUZ was divided into fourVos: ..ZahraV?,''19 .,3onun'' (..Sih''),20 ..l;iy,''21 and ..Tiutiunnk.,'22 Theclandestine strutures of the oUN PSUZ were reated acording to gen-eral organizational models and were divided into okruhas and nadraions.owing to the fat that the region was not comp|etely enompassed bythe organization, lower-level cells were fragmentarily developed.

here were approximately 20,000 active members of the rear Iineservies (members and potentia| andidates of the oUN and its youthwing) in the PZUZ and PSUZ, while the number of sympathizers wasestimated in the tens of thousands.

The organizational structure of the UPA inlhe PZUZ and PSUZ from1943 was as fo||ows: the lowest-|eve| ombat unit was the squad (on-sisting on average of '10 people, the equivalent of a regular army unit);3-4 squads omprised a platoon (subunit: vzvod); 2-3 p|atoons formeda ompan (unit: rota); 2-5 ompanies omprised a battalion; 2-3 bat-

17 Depending on the number of members, a stantsia could also be divided intocenters (oseredk), which were units comprised of -5 people.

18 owing to the fat that not all populated areas were encompassed b the org-anization, a kushch unit ould be lacking' in which ase the stantsia would be subo-rdinated to the subraion.

19 nompassing the Luts'k, Kostopil', and Sarn regions of Ukraine, and theStoln and Pins'k regions of Belaus'

20 nompassing the Rivne, Zdo|buniv, Dubno, and Kremenets' regions,2| ncompassing the Volodm-Volns'ki, Horokhiv, and Kovel' regions ot

Ukraine, the Berestia and Kobrn' regions of Be|arus' and the Kholm and Pidliashshiargions of Poland.

22 ncompassing the Korets' and oshha areas of Rivne oblast, Zhtomr obl-ast. and the western part of Kviv oblast of Ukraine. and the southern raions of Polissiaoblast in Belarus.

6l

ta|ions formed a regiment; and .t-5 regiments omprised a division, |n.l944 the struture governing units from squads to ompanies remainedstable, whiIe the higher units, whih had to adapt to the hanging cir-umstanes of the struggIe, Were constant|y being reorganized and hadpaftiu|ar features and names' ln 1944-1945 |arge formations onsist-ing of UPA subunits of varying sizes were a|led regiments, brigades,and formations.23 The highest strutural formations of the UPA in thePZUZand PSUZwere UPA-North and UPA-South, respetivel.

In the first half of 1944 higher UPA subunits had an offensivestruture and ommand omposition. UPA-North consisted of om-mander "Panas Mosur" ("Omelian Kryms'kyi," "Okhrim," DmytroK|iahkivs'ki;2+ ,n" hiefs of staff (shvsh) ..Karpovyh,'' (..MkolaKrem'ianets'kyi, Mykhai|o Medvid' ), ..Klym,' (.,DV,'' Borys Bedryk);and political instructor (PVKh) "Zaslavs'kyi" ("Halyna," lakiv Busel).

The ..Zahra