milan kundera

ყოფისაუტანელისიმსუბუქე

milan kundera

yofis autaneli simsubuqe

Milan KunderanesnesitelnÁ lehKost bytÍ

mTargmneli sulxan muxigulaSvili

redaqtori lali qadagiZe

seriis dizaineri besik danelia

dizaineri nino guruli

Milan Kunderal’insoutenable lÉgÈretÉ de l’Être

© 1984, 1987, Milan Kunderaall rights reserved.

All adaptations of the Work for film, theatre, television and radio are strictly prohibited.

© gamomcemloba `diogene~, 2012

yvela ufleba daculia.

akrZalulia romanis gamoyeneba filmis, speqtaklis, televi­ziisa da radiosaTvis.

issn 2298-0210isbn 978-9941-11-385-7

www.diogene.ge

yofis autaneli simsubuqe

sarCevi

pirveli nawili

simsubuqe da simZime 9

meore nawili

suli da sxeuli 49

mesame nawili

vergagebuli sityvebi 95

meoTxe nawili

suli da sxeuli 155

mexuTe nawili

simsubuqe da simZime 205

meeqvse nawili

didi laSqroba 289

meSvide nawili

kareninis Rimili 333

pirveli nawili

simsubuqe da simZime

11

1

mudmivad gameorebis idumali ideiT nicSem danarCeni

filosofosebi Zlier daabnia: rogori warmosadgenia,

rom yvelaferi Cven mier gadatanili erTxelac ucvle­

lad gameordeba da TviT es gameorebac usasrulod

gameordeba! ris Tqma surs am Tavgzaambnev miTs?

mudmivad gameorebis miTi per negation1 gveubneba, rom

cxovreba, romelic erTxel da samudamod Caivlis da

aRa rasodes gameordeba, aCrdilis msgavsia, wona ar aqvs,

mkvdrad Sobilia da miuxedavad imisa, saSineli iyo, la­

mazi Tu amaRlebuli, es saSineleba, silamaze da amaR ­

lebuloba arafers ar niSnavs. mas ise unda vu yu roT,

rogorc meToTxmete saukuneSi afrikis or sa xel mwi­

fos Soris momxdar oms, romelic msoflios ier saxes

arafriT damCnevia, miuxedavad imisa, rom samasi aTasi

zangi mokvda warmoudgeneli tanjviT.

1 uaryofis gziT (laT.)

12

Seicvleba ki rame meToTxmete saukuneSi afrikis or

saxelmwifos Soris omSi, Tu is mudmivad gameordeba?

Seicvleba: gadaiqceva saukunod damkvidrebul mono­

liTad, romlis uazrobasac veRaraferi gamoasworebs.

safrangeTis revolucias mudmivad gameoreba rom

eweros, franguli istoriografia robespieriT nakle­

bad iamayebda. magram radgan laparakia imaze, rac aRar

gameordeba, sisxliani wlebi cariel sityvebad, Teoriad,

sasaubro Temad gadaiqca, bumbulze msubuqi gaxda da

Tavzars aRar gvcems. warmoudgenelia gansxvaveba er­

Txel movlenil robespiersa da im robespiers Soris,

ro me lic mudmivad brundeba frangebisaTvis Tavebis wa­

sac lelad.

maS SevTanxmdeT, rom mudmivad gameorebis idea gar ­

kveul perspeqtivas qmnis, roca movlenebi CvenTvis aqam ­

de ucnob arss iZens: warmavlobis Semamsubuqebel ga ­

re moebas moklebuli gvevlineba. zustad es Semam su bu­

qebeli garemoeba gviSlis xels ganaCenis gamotanaSi.

rogor SeiZleba ganaCeni gamoutano imas, rac gaqreba?

ma radisobaSi gaqroba nostalgiis momajadoebel Suqs

hfens yvelafers, giliotinasac ki.

cota xnis win daujerebeli SegrZneba gamiCnda: hit­

leris Sesaxeb wigns vfurclavdi da zogierTi foto

guls miCuyebda _ Cemi bavSvobis xana momagonda. omis

periodSi gavizarde; zogierT Cems naTesavs hitleris

sakoncentracio banakSi aRmoxda suli; magram ra aris

maTi sikvdili imasTan SedarebiT, rom hitleris fo­

toebma Cemi warsuli cxovreba momagona, xana, romelic

aRarasodes gameordeba?

13

hitlerTan Segueba warsulis gameorebis uaryofa ze

dafuZnebuli msoflios Rrma zneobriv garyvnilebaze

me tyvelebs, radgan aseT msoflioSi yvelaferi winas war

Sen dobili da, amdenad, yvelaferi cinikurad neba dar­

Tulia.

2

Cveni cxovrebis yoveli wami uTvalavjer rom me­

or debodes, maradisobaze viqnebodiT mijaWvulebi, ro­

gorc ieso jvarze. amis gafiqrebac ki SemaZrwunebelia.

mudmivad gameorebis samyaroSi Cvens yovel saqciels

autaneli pasuxismgeblobis simZime awevs. amitomac uwo­

debda nicSe mudmivad gameorebis ideas umZimes tvirTs

(das schwerste Gewicht).

Tuki mudmivad gameoreba umZimesi tvirTia, mis

fon ze Cveni cxovreba SeiZleba mTeli Tavisi mSvenieri

simsubuqiT warmogvidges. aris ki es simZime marTlac

auta neli da simsubuqe mSvenieri? uzomo tvirTi gva nad­

gurebs, welSi gvtexs, miwasTan gvasworebs. magram yve la

drois satrfialo poeziaSi qali eltvis kacis sxeulis

simZimis SegrZnebas. amdenad, yvelaze didi tvir Ti

amavdroulad yvelaze aqtiuri cxovrebis niSnad gvev­

lineba. rac ufro mZimea tvirTi, miT ufro axloa Cveni

cxovreba miwierTan, miT ufro namdvilia is.

tvirTis uqonloba, piriqiT, adamians haerze msu­

buqs xdis, maRla itacebs, miwas, miwier yofas aSorebs,

naxevrad realur arsebad aqcevs da misi moZraobebi

14

imdenadve msubuqia, ramdenadac mniSvnelobas moklebu­

li.

maS ra unda avirCioT: simZime Tu simsubuqe?

nicSe gvaxsenebs, rom imave kiTxvas svamda parmenide

qristes Sobamde eqvsi saukuniT adre. mTel samyaros

is urTierTsawinaaRmdego wyvilebad yofda: sinaTle­

sibnele; sinaze­uxeSoba; siTbo­sicive; yofna­aryof na.

wyvilis erTi nawili misTvis pozitiuri (sinaTle, sina­

ze, siTbo, yofna) iyo, meore _ negatiuri. aseTi dayofa

SeiZleba bavSvuradac ki mogveCvenos, magram ro gorc

nicSe aRniSnavs, mxolod iqamde, sanam ar davsvamT Se­

kiTxvas: romelia pozitiuri, simZime Tu simsubuqe? par­

menides pasuxi aseTi iyo: simsubuqe pozitiuria, sim Zime

_ negatiuri. marTali iyo Tu ara? ai es aris sa kiTxavi,

Tumca erTi ram cxadia: wyvili `simsubuqe­sim Zime~ idu­

malebiTaa moculi da yvelaze mravalsaxaa ur Ti erTsa­

winaaRmdego wyvilebs Soris.

3

ukve wlebia, tomaSze vfiqrob, magram mxolod am

msje lobis wyalobiT vxedav garkveviT. vxedav, rogor

dgas Tavisi binis fanjarasTan, romelic mTel ezos

gadah yurebs, misCerebia mopirdapire mravalbiniani sax­

lis kedels da ar icis, ra qnas.

terezas pirvelad samiode kviris win Sexvda CexeTis

erT patara qalaqSi. sul raRac erTi saaTi gaatares er­

Tad. terezam sadguramde miacila da matarebelSi Caj­