阅读理解专题之一 ------

猜词技巧杭州市塘栖中学 沈曙明

　　 2010 年《考试大纲》和《浙江省普通高考考试说明》提出的各种题型能力考查的要求是：

　　１语言知识

　２语言运用

　　阅读理解：考生应能：

　　（１）理解主旨和要义。

　　（２）理解文中具体信息。

　　（３）根据上下文推断生词的词义。

　（４）做出简单判断和推理。

　 （５）理解文章的基本结构。

（６）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

Usual forms in NMET:

1) The underlined word in the … paragraph refers to/ means _____.

2) What does “____” in the…paragraph stand for /mean?3) “_______” could be best replaced by which of the follo

wing?4) The expression /phrase “_____” means ______.5) The word “_____” is closest in meaning to ______.

通过定义，定语从句，同位语短语或从句， is, means, that is(to say), or, or rather, i.e., in other words, namely, ：， ( ) ， —— 来确定词义。

1. It will be very hard but also very brittle － that is,

it will break easily.

A easily broken B soft inside

C very hard D expensive

1.Definition

A

2. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a month.

A keeper of a group of animals, esp. cattleB a butcher C a man who sell sheep

D a person who looks after and kills animals

3. The word “adolescence” means the periodbetween children and adulthood.

A 少儿期 B 幼儿期 C 青春期 D 成人期

A

C

根据上下文中出现的对比，同义、反义或因果等关系，猜出该生词的意义。 Pay attention to such words as: but, yet, however, though, although, while, on the contrary

,so, because, as a result, etc.

A

2. context

4. Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented.

A have a different opinion

B support

C like it very much

D doesn't show his ideas

5. Twelve － year － old Sally was an active girl, but her sister was quite sedate ．

A pretty B calm

C protective D energetic

6. The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again.

A going on for a long time

B that may be permitted

C not very strong

D in a bad condition

B

A

3. experience

利用常识、自己的经验、经历及社会、科技等方面的知识猜词。 7. After Nobel invented dynamite, he became wealth

y. A 传真机 B 冰箱 C 蒸汽机 D 炸药8. She read my letter slowly to the end and then tor

e it to shreds. A pieces B the whole C envelope D fires

A

D

利用词的派生、转化、合成等知识猜词。

9. We must safeguard the world peace. A protect B care C prevent D to keep safe with guns

10. Don’t listen to his nonsense. A having no meaning B meaningless wordsC humorous speech D not making sense

A

B

4. Word-formation

5 ParallelPay attention to such words or phrases: and, but, or, than, more than, rather than, etc.

12. Most women in Ghana-----the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old-----work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.

illiterate(uneducated) 文盲的13. It is really causing slight anger or irritation.

14. I have found Lucy is quite generous, for example, whenever she meets a beggar, she gives some coins to him.

15.Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.

6 examplesSpecial attention to: for example, e.g, such as, such .etc

1 Definition2 Context3 Experience4 Word-formation5 Parallel6 Examples

ATTENTION

1.We like our new house because it has a few elms in the backyard that will give us shade and keep the house cooler.A. a kind of building B. a kind of animalC. a kind of tree D. a kind of grass

2.He had been getting better, but during

the night his condition deteriorated.

A. got worse B. improved

C. recorded D. changed was

3. Mike gave his sister a small, red tulip because he knows how much she likes natural things.

A. radio B. flower C. jewelry D. toy

4.The driver tried to avert the accident by bringing the car to a sudden stop.

A. avoid B. cause C. notice D. keep

5. Sabots, or wooden shoes, are frequently worn by the field workers in Belgium and France.

A. a kind of clothes B. a kind of caps

C. a kind of shoes D. a kind of trousers

6. Although the early morning had been very cold, the noonday sun was tropical.

A. big B. red C. high D. hot

7. At first the army training began with easy and pleasant exercises, but then suddenly they became rigorous.

A. free B. rough C. tiring D. dangerous

Thanks for your attendance!