االو البحثل-:

Biological aspects of predacious mite Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudeman), when fed on postembryonic

stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch.نيوسيولس االكاروسى للمفترس بيولوجية دراسات

المتحركة االطوار على تغذيته عند كيوكيوميرسالعادى االحمر للعنكبوت

Ibrahim, G.A., A.M.Halawa and N.M. Abd EL-Wahed

Study of biological aspects of predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris on the lab. at temperature degrees 25 Cº and 30Cº and R.H 65%

Determine of the food capacity of the same predatory mite when fed on movable stages of two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Effect of temperatures 25 Cº and 30Cº on food consumption and fecundity of predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris The results of studies mentioned above helps to insert the predacious mite among integrated pest management

The aim of study

Methodology- The pure culture of predatory mite Neoseiulus cucumeris was imported from Koppert

center of producing natural enemies in Holland

- The predator mite was individually reared on sweet potato leaf discs about 3 Cm. diameters .

- This discs were put on cotton wool in Petri-dishes and add the water to maintain suitable moisture.

- The discs were kept in incubators at 25 Cº and 30Cº and RH 65±5 %

- The Individuals of N .cucumeris providing with movable stages of T. urticae during their life span

- The dishes were examined twice daily

Average duration ( in days) of various stages of predatory mite Neuseiulus cucumeris when fed on movable stages of Tetranychu urticae

Developmental

stages

Duration (in days) Mean± SD at 25Cº Mean± SD at 30Cº

Female Male Female Male

Life cycle 10.3± 0.2610± 0.2 7.6± 0.287.4± 0.3Generation 11.7± 0.3-----------8.7± 0.3 ----------

Longevity20.6± 1.417± 0.9 21± 0.3 17± 0.7 No. of eggs /female14.3 ± 1.6------------16.2 ± 1.3-----------

Life span 30.9±1.5 27±1.2 28.7±0.3525±1.3

Number of prey consumed by different postembryonic stages of N. cucumeris at 25 Cº and 30 Cº

Stages Mean ± SD at 25 CºMean ± SD at 30 Cº

FemaleMale Female Male

Larva 1.6 ±0.1 1.0 ±0.11.2 ±0.10.9 ±0.1

Protonymph3.2 ±0.22.6 ±0.13.0 ±0.12.8 ±0.1Deutonymph4.6 ±0.13.6 ±0.34.2 ±0.14.0 ±0.2

Total immat .9.4 ±0.67.2 ±0.18.2 ±0.37.9 ±0.1Pre- ovipos .9.3 ±0.1--------------8.6 ±0.6--------------Oviposion. 19.4 ±0.1--------------20.2 ±0.2--------------

Post- ovipos.17.8 ±0.8--------------19.1 ±0.5--------------Longevity 46.5 ±0.136.0 ±0.447.9 ±0.337.1 ±0.6

Life span 55.9 ±0.743.2 ±0.556.1 ±0.945.0 ±0.8

البحث الثاني

Biological control of the two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch using the phytoseiid mite Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudeman), on cucumber(Acari :Tetranychidae: Phytoseiidae)

باستخدام العادى االحمر للعنكبوت الحيوية المكافحة

على كيوكيوميرس نيوسولس االكاروسى المفترس الخيار

Ibrahim, G.A., N.M. Abd EL-Wahed and A.M.Halawa

1- The present study was carried out to estimate the efficiency of the predator mite Neoseiulus cucumeris as biocontrol agent under the Egyptian conditions

2- Using possibility of the predacious mite N. cucumeris to control of two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae in the field on cucumber plants

3 -This study aimed to produce product free of acaricides

The aim of study

Methodology 1 -Source of predator:

1 -The predatory mite N. cucumeris was imported from Koppert center of producing natural enemies from Holland

2 -The culture of N. cucumeris was reared in the laboratory on bean plant leaves Phaseoulus vulgaris L. as stuck culture on Thrips tabaci and Tetranychus urticae

3 -Small greenhouses were prepared to release predator and prey ( 6 m x 9 m)

4 -The greenhouse was cultivated with host plant and after two weeks of plantation when the plant grows and became suitable to making infestation with prey (T. urticae)

5 -The predator transmit from the stuck culture to host plant when the level of prey reached about 20-30 individual on leaves

6 -The relation between predator and prey was pursued to supply the prey when exhausted

7 -After four weeks when the rate of predator increased to reach 20 individual per leaflet, the predator was packed in small bags with few prey on bean leaves and transferred inside ice

box to the experimental cucumber field

1 -Half an feddan was planted with cucumber at Toukh district , Qualubia province and was left without pesticides treatment

2 -This area was divided into two treatments including the control

3 -The release was carried out on mid of Feb. 2005 by distributing the leaflet of bean with predator at rate 5 predators / bit .

4 -Samples of 25 leaves were randomly taken from each treatment one just before releasing as pre-count and weekly samples were taken after release

5-Handling lens (10-15X) were used to examined the samples and count the motile stages of N. cucumeris and T. urticae

6-The percent reduction of mite pest was calculated according to the equation of Henderson and Tilton (1955)

2 -Design of the experiment

:

ResultsPopulation density and reduction percentage of T. urticae after release of predatory mite N. cucumeris on cucumber

Sampling dateNumber and reduction % of motile stages of T. urticae / 25 leaves

Untreated (control)

N. Cucumeris

Number Reduction% Number Number

TotalẊ/leafTotalẊ/leafTotalẊ/leaf15Apr ( Pre-count)

22 Apr.29 Apr.6 May13 May20 May27 May3 June10 June17 June

34719310892748153412918

13.887.724.323.682.963.242.121.641.160.72

----------56.0080.1286.4490.9191.5595.2296.6997.7898.70

3184024986227468791016113511961273

12.7216.0819.9224.8829.8435.1640.6445.4047.8450.92

--------114123141111165189215219228

--------4.564.925.644.446.607.568.608.769.12

Effect of prey type on the biological aspects of the predatory mite , Agistemus exsertus

Gonzalez

Sallam, Gihan M. E. and A. M. Halawa

-: الثالث البحث

ئص الخصا على الفريسة نوع تأثيراالكاروسى للمفترس البيولوجية

Agistemus exsertus

The work is an attempt to study the following points:-

• Efficiency of predator mite Agistemus exsertus to control different stages of Tetranychus urticae and eggs of the purple scale insect Lepidosaphes beckii.

• Try to use date palm pollen grain as alternative food in case prey absence

• Effect of food kind ( different stages of T. urticae , eggs of L. beckii and date palm pollen) on incubation period, adult longevity, fecundity, sex ratio and feeding capacity of the predatory mite A. exsertus

The aim of study

Source of the predatory mite:- A. exsertus individuals were collected from Navel orange trees at Qalubia governorate and

identified by fruit Acarology Dept.

Masse rearing of the predatory mite:- Citrus leaves were used as substrate for rearing the predator mite when fed on kinds of food

mentioned above.

Biological studies of the predatory mite at 28± 1 cº and R.H. 70 ± 5 :-Newly deposited eggs of A. exsertus were collected from laboratory culture and singly

placed on citrus leaf discs ( 1.5 cm diameter) in Petri dishes with wet cotton wool pad . The discs provided with different food kind and kept in incubator at Temperature and relative humidity mentioned above .

The dishes were examined twice daily

Methodology

.

Duration of the developmental stages of predatory mite A. exsertus fed on eggs, immature stages of T. urticae, eggs of L. beckii and

pollen grains at 28± 1 cº and R.H. 70 ± 5

DurationSexEggs of T. urticae

Immature stages of T. urticaeEggs of L. beckiiPollen of date palm

Incubat. period3.95 ±0.544.75 ±0.174.57 ±0.474.42 ±0.30

Total immature♀7..90 ±0.878.90 ±1.3511.20 ±0.6110.87 ±1.06

♂8.07 ±0.689.60 ±0.10 8..33± 0.9612.17 ±1.39

Life cycle♀11.47 ±0.12313.53 ±1.5216.10 ±0.7815.50 ±1.51

♂12.40 ±1.0114.47 ±0.35 12.56 ±1.6216.37 ±1.55

Longevity♀17.78 ±0.3320.47 ±0.3228.47 ±1.4631.93 ±1.60

♂13.77 ±0.1215.97 ±1.0622.60 ±2.3526.67 ±3.33

Life span ♀29.25 ±1.5634.00 ±1.5544.57 ±2.2447.43 ±2.83

♂26.17 ±2.1030.44 ±1.2635.16 ±3.9643.04 ±4.76

.

Effect of food type on oviposion period , longevity, and fecundity of the predator A. exsertus when fed on three

kind of food

DurationEggs of T. urticaeImmature stages of T. urticae

Eggs of L. beckiiPollen of date palm

Pre- oviposion2.53 ±0.212.77 ±0.254.10 ±0.364..97 ±0.42

Oviposion11.22 ±0.1312.50 ±0.3017.90 ±0.6618.53 ±0.45

Post-oviposion 4.03 ±0.155.20 ±0.266.47 ±0.658.43 ±0.93

Longevity17.78 ±0.3320.47 ±0.3228.47 ±4.4631.93 ±1.60

No .of eggs per female (Total)

72.43 ±2.2765.43 ±4.6058.50 ±2.4956.10 ±3.64

No .of eggs per female (daily rate)

6.46 ± 0.135.24 ±0.503.27 ±0.203.02 ±0.16

Sex ratio females per total)%(

66.2465.0463.0361.05

.

Rate of consumed prey by male and female of predatory mite A. exsertus fed on eggs, immature stages of T. urticae and eggs of L. beckii

at 28± 1 cº and R.H. 70 ± 5

DurationEggs of T. urticaeImmature stages of T. urticaeEggs of L. beckii

Female/’male♀♂♀

♂♀

♂

Larvae8.17±1.267.50±1.324.17±1.043.33±0.769.33±1.048.33±1.04

Protonymph11.93±1.2912.17±1.046.00±505.33±1.0413.33±1.2611.33±0.67

Deutonymph18.50±1.3216.67±1.268.33±2.o27.50±1.3217.67±2.7514.50±1.32

Total immature38.60±2.3336.33±2.5718.50±3.016.17±7.6440.33±2.0234.17±0.67

Pre- oviposion8.14±0.49-----------12.33±2.02---------26.00±4.27--------

Oviposion12.07±0.54----------56.83±7.59----------144.17±5.75---------

Post-oviposion 6.17±0.88----------11.83±1.04---------24.17±3.82---------

Total180.83±7.29129.33±8.1481.00±6.6763.50±7.70194.33±12.1125.50±4.27

Effect of different plant extracts against Two spotted spider mite , Tetranychus urticae Koch and predatory

mite , Phytoseiulus persimilis A.-H.

العنكبوت ضد النباتية المستخلصات بعض سمية تأثيراالكاروسى والمفترس العادى Tetranychus االحمر

urticae Koch Phytoseiulus persimilis A.-H.

Mangoud , A. A. H. and A. M. Halawa

-: الرابع البحث

1- The present study was conducted to evaluate some plant

extract as alternate materials of Acaricides against Tetranychus

urticae.

2- Study of the side effect of these materials on the predatory

mite Phytoseiulus persimiliss

The aim of study

Source of Tetranychus uricae and Phytoseiulus persimilis The predator and prey were obtained from stock culture maintained in two separated

greenhouses belong of Plant protection research institute at Dokki and reared at 25cº and 65% RH. On kidney bean leaf in lab.

Plant extracts used :- Garlic , Pink flower , black seed Three concentrations ( 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 ml l ml ) were tested . Mortality was recorded after 1, 3, 7

days after application

The experiment design : Five adult individuals from T. urtica and P. persimilis placed on bean leaf discs ( 1.5 cm diameter) in Petri dishes with filter paper and wet cotton wool pad . The predator discs were provided with T. urtica as food and kept in incubator at Temperature and relative humidity mentioned above .

. The toxic effect for the tested materials was evaluated by dipping of leaf discs with the treated organisms in each concentration for five seconds and left to dry (Siegler,1947).

Methodology

%Mortality of T. urticae and P. persimilis affected by plant extracts at concentrations ( 1, 0.5, 0.25 ml / liter ) after one, three and seven days from treatments

Plant extractsT. urticaeP. persimilis

1ml /liter 0.5 ml /liter0.25ml / liter1ml /liter 0.5 ml /liter0.25ml / liter

137137137137137137

Pink flower312219181613119733222021151313108

Garlic45413738322829212047 4238393329312421

Black seed433829352721221814463930362922242016

LC50, LC90 and slope value of plant extracts at concentrations ( 1, 0.5, 0.25 ml / liter ) after one, three and seven days from treatments against T. urticae and P. persimilis

T. urticaeP. persimilis

Dos. and Slope value

Pink flowerGarlicBlack seedPink flowerGarlicBlack seed

137137137137137137

LC502.616.497.671.451.672.461.422.014.262.458.187.91.271.722.321.221.984.71

LC9028.9155.9

157.69

94.10

36.66

80.77

28.97

36.99

125.33

32.34

265.4

183.59

87.23

58.680.79

23.24

47.06

203.71

Slope value

1.23.

0.930.980.710.990.850.981.010.871.140.850.940.690.840.831.000.930.78

-: الخامس البحث

Biological studies on the predatory mite, Saniosulus nudus Summer when fed on eggs of purple

scale Lepidosaphes beckii and date palm pollen للمفترس بيولوجية دراسات

Saniosulus nudus على تغذيته عنداالرجوانية القشرية الحشرة

Lepidosaphes beckii نخيل لقاح وحبوبHalawa, A.M. and Aziza, F. A. El- Saftyالبلح

The aim of studyThis study aimed to throw some light upon the Effect of two

types of food on biological aspects of predatory mite, S. nudus

Effect of two constant temperature( 16 C° and 24 C°) on incubation period , oviposion period, longevity , fecundity and feeding capacity of predatory mite, S. nudus

Effect of two types of food at temperature degrees 16±1C° and 24±1C° and R.H. 70±5% on main aspects of S. nudus

Duration SexEggs of L. beckiiPollens of date palm

16±1C°24±1C°16±1C°24±1C°

Incubation period 7.57±0.056.00±0.186.85±0.115.32±0.16

Total immature ♀26.67±0.21 20.10±0.2625.61±0.5020.47±0.61

♂25.98±0.2419.37±0.2324.27±5020.70±0.10

Life cycle ♀34.27±0.1626.23±0.2133.76±0.6025.90±0.52

♂33.52±0.1325.23±0.1533.11±0.2529.90±0.12

Longevity ♀117.05±4.9084.13±2.02122.13±0.3585.90±2.12

♂115.20±4.9584.47±2.14120.13±0.3288.33±1.48

Adult's Life span ♀151.32±4.84110.37±2.02156.08±0.4284.73±1.92

♂148.72±4.84105.70±2.07153.05±0.40110.63±1.25

Effect of two types of food at temperature degrees 16±1C° and 24±1C° and R.H. 70±5% on longevity duration and

fecundity of S. nudus

Duration Eggs of L. beckiiPollens of date palm

16±1C°24±1C°16±1C°24±1C°

Pre-oviposition8.65±0.254.57±0.209.10±0.225.08±0.28

Oviposition60.50±0.5055.62±1.2316.07±0.3357.78±1.37

PostOviposion

50.78±0.4624.25±0.4452.15±0.3825.47±0.55

Daily rate. of egg / female

2.15±0.022.42±0.102.12±0.002.30±0.07

Total average. of egg / female

129.97±0.35135.10±1.40129.10±0.36132.63±0.91

Food consumption of S. nudus when fed on L. beckiiDevelopmental stag Sex 16±1C°24±1C°

Total immature ♀40.90±0.3643.12±0.55

♂40.83 ±0.5841.45±0.65

Pre-oviposion♀16.17±1.2615.24±0.25

♂-----------------------------------------------

Oviposion♀285.17±8.04288.14±6.25

♂-----------------------------------------

Post- oviposion ♀53.83±6.7756.47±0.48

♂-----------------------------------------------

Total consumption♀355.17±8.38347.15±6.14

♂215.33±5.03222.15±6.01

Biological studies on the mango red mites Oligonychus mangiferus (R.&S) on two mango cultivars

Halawa, A. M. and El-Sebaay, M.M.

-: السادس البحث

المانجو اكاروس على بيولوجية دراسات االحمر

المانجو من صنفين Oligonychus mangiferus على

The aim of study

The purpose of the present study is studies the effect of two mango cultivars on biological aspects of O.mangiferus at temperature 25 ±2C° and R.H. 65 ±5%.

Developmental stages

Average in day ±SE

EwiasAlphons

FemaleMaleFemaleMale

Incubation period 6.30 ±0.486.3 ±0.486.30 ±0.486.30 ±0.48

Active larva1.75 ±0.261.7 ±0.261.85 ±0.341.85 ±0.24

Quiescent larva0.80 ±0.260.8 ±0.260.85 ±0.240.80 ±0.26

Active prot.1.10 ±0.210.9 ±0.211.20 ±0.260.90 ±0.21

Quiescent prot.0.85 ±0.240.7 ±0.260.80 ±0.260.75 ±0.26

Active deut.1.10 ±0.210.85 ±0.241.15 ±0.240.90 ±0.21

Quiescent deut.0.75 ±0.260.8 ±0.260.8 ±0.260.80 ±0.26

Total immature6.35 ±0.715.75 ±0.636.65 ±0.676.00 ±0.67

Life cycle 12.65 ±0.5312.05 ±0.6012.95 ±0.6912.30 ±0.53

Effect of two mango cultivars on life cycle of O.mangiferus at temperature 25 ±2C° and R.H. 65 ±5%.

Developmental stages

Average in day ±SE

EwiasAlphons

FemaleMaleFemaleMale

Pre-oviposion period2.20 ±0.42----------2.30 ±0.48--------

Oviposion period18.50 ±0.85-----------18.00 ±0.47-----------

Post oviposion period

2.70 ±0.48-------------2.90 ±0.74-----------

Longevity23.40 ±1.2617.1 ±0.7423.20 ±0.6317.1 0±0.74

Total No. of eggs34.40 ±0.97-----------32.10 ±1.60---------

Daily No. of eggs 1.86±0.09-----------1.79 ±0.11-----------

Life span36.05 ±1.1429.15 ±0.7536.15 ±0.7529.40 ±0.61

Generation14.85 ±0.53----------15.25 ±0.98-----------

Effect of two mango cultivars on longevity, fecundity and generation of O. mangiferus at temperature 25 ±2C° and R.H. 65 ±5%.

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