فلسفه علم کارناپ
DESCRIPTION
philosophy of science of CarnapTRANSCRIPT
.-cJ s-r-r?U.lt5l+".rL"I
. -it-it..L., i-- ;lr-J-.J
?U-r6 -iJr:-r
J gl ,*,J'c."
(,{} ;a;,;jU
,rs2lK go.'-2! :i;-lJ-tj+;rc
';u,9- rL-;
Hptli.:F.!sl
\tvf ,.r*J33t 1:r
jJ:;) ;L:-;: tpl- tt* ;^ uf lt ;l.r\;;\ it-i&\'-bv ) 6.r- .-;l -Ji JK+ .K:;lr r, <tIrA .rd; .5, lrr !r!rr r'r-l.16
,-t$lr--;L-;l .rrli -;; uI , .:t ,=.' alt;)1;;l ,.r- JL.,j )F \., ri !7!5 "K;1,;., i-'-'^' -!26 ef ;*1 ,L* ;'-1
,9, f'-, tU\ rl '[J- ,c^; tr't:.-,r.Lc rr -.1
',l.u'l ; l-r'; ;\ J'-l A-J\
;\!, ,-':r,- dr-r+ l{., a -LJ J,.l ;. it^i-o t ..:-l i")L +l-. ''1
., ip-j.rt) K-! ;*l pV i; 3)J i;-)'t..r-i,j)[; il ts.-r,- l.r. =,L- + pl:- '.;t-n + i-; Lte. 3-;lt
! -,U)K d r, ./L" (4,.1 ,; \.i .r,!l ,-t5 l+* ;t;'J ;- .,t..; rl5 t "'rf*
sD u(* i'i'Ji ,' .glr-'r'Lrr 6'J ^;Wl
d, ,I= r, ;,;rL .:*l ,'rs3,L ..r- J-tt ;\* J, arl ".r,5 q + q
l, ji l.r! L ,,,rr\ tr-o 1..,LJ,-,,-l )l g)V ,5-;a.t[ (\ltv !,-)L)
,-, -|:5 )11 ,rJ:l* ':,;l Ji JL r, .,2u. tS + u-.t: '+ES Il +
a,,-l e5 -Ui ;-r4 2. o\* qiu )r* ?L ;[--e-:: l": alt. ,r* *.r.l y' .*L- --- ,.r- r!-: c*l ,-9;l 3 ,yslu. ,*s a. I,t &! ;tJ
..:*l '-ri r.;;i ;-151 .:\a-L
i-S -tt- on; S ,5.1. JIJ:.-' k!- 'it+ ry^-.' u, - ".
a-rb
1 Rudolt CarnaP 2 wesley C. Salmon
Crhap, Rudolr
1,,8 4:l u\1t t1Etls J'J, I I5l ai-x ,/t.) 6L .i--x re crl-.o\frf ,Jtlt.i\+- ai!' '-i-r ''".J
.d- Yfq
'LJ, .,VlLt o..t , aJ,'riEinfutring in die Phosophie der Naturuissensclaft 2 Aufl tr!-l ')1J'
.uL')\'
rro - [Yrr] o- lul-!L<
lrvA:;1"" \,q- l q1r ,i,+rJL,i,Jg .jjl .{;--lj - .(:ir' I
1lV. - \A1l r-iJ:.2 LgL.119
ISBN: 964-444110-0
CardDer, Martir r
(5,J" J,Ji jvttl' .L-X:il1* ' ,;lr- V €,-;-t ,.i=* .- iat:OC t /.'rlv
HprL-; jrL:tt
tYt\ \ \v rJjl' , 'Kjl, uLL; , ernl JLI-t
o[].;15-iJ,-e2
(4,+.,;-t.rtr) * riJi r, .5lu$"jrts E.)u '.:-tr ),ltr -;_y-'u..;
\Y2r :J1l9l-a\tV j*q :f.jp yq
it-tt.:tra;i\...:ilJi
.t:-l l;J'r- .f l-" J-ISBN 4-448-110-0 \tf - tr^ - \ \ . - . , .<-L:
'X3. tlt;K-a,
)5.,t, 2 ,,9;-- L ef c- I g;r.ri. "sl-orl
. ,5 &L ,vti +-l
'.9\,:.2; s 6+-p.r.b, l* K,^-t j'-Jt./1.) dl3l,:t c-; ,6t(tJJ: 'J ,t* lrr! lr)u:* u-l ,ti- +.Sl i JS-."F;, frl'l.rJ.; a ;-2 L6JUi* Oil Jr :il, J:ii; .r.9+ ,i ,.,; S ,trt ,6F..,{ll;.;f,-r- t U rj; l,J, p:tt qrb*b.9 l,!.)lJ.r,rU. .,iL;".4. t -Jt'.SlorE* ,r,l .2t 6'6\;'-o iyL-a.c -.2L51 rlt,"-,"
Jr \1f t JL .,2: 6 .:*l y>6 r,+rV c-F ,l .:LS d- ,-,tr,;J \ldA ]L 2> 2l .:J4 cS,; \41 ;;*;i.,1, Jl(-:, .13*ll,
,i-.!tt J)ta -2r.9 rf l.r- l-,, -,,1 : "rl;l .9l.r.l ,.-!- :;; S ,J;l gl.r: --b i-;-; .K,..a ir .$* lr ;l .rt uil , *F-ln ..r+i
t Ct I';.;l,t 4 -,,tr O,l r ll{.:li ri- ri '.:l4L"-:
k+lr*JL-.^.,; I 1' ].;: J-l J,i Jlj dl-i.;l ..*-, Js.p:lK )6 ;.,,-l -.2: l; 4-\;l;;- t4 cp;. ,\1AA JL iL" ,rj-_ ,r. J1:-;t Gl ,t;* :; I *,1.a:+" .d.'lr,l ,-I2; I ,*rJ 2, q,-lJl5 .tiiba* '&
.;Ki <!-l ;l .ifi .:; L-> ,l; ,95-, ri ..':Ll. .5lxpatrq d;,- 1 .-: : l..r-rl.rrl, te-1 ;1:;sl rgls.;l *U, g,gi.r rlri-f
--:J6 ,,_l ;l+.1 + 6 -urJ rlrl2 lr. ,;r 't: Ll .rrl., r,_i CJl o?l
o.raj .-i;:. .rq d" .i: lj JiL- ;r1..2.' g, o[_];l ]* tt ,ft* i'Jt -u: -$91, ,S
'221 J^o I ,.,.*-r lr \1"-r; a;rg;lS .'2
.....r .Jb ,ti(:- f
,i,L ,4- Jl;r r .;*l (,.-.; ,--ti t ;) Yot r 100 '>vLa -:>
( \ lV. JL ," ;S r' ;l Jp ,rrJ) t[rS ,,'rJ3JL -stsJ )l ';V-t'1;1L-lJgl2 1bL-lJ)lil c,r J+ ".,,!.p;l'r.!
;l.;lall :j ':'iil3"jl),::; t^i. tt ,9-l 9.2.Ji- ar,-l + .)-1i cru u)s L-)) ;)" /,:r \16. JL -p r5 .5LJL; r( J: JL 2 rJ r;L;l ,r:;;L I 'l'
.$rs u;t, ,W t l-2 "nil.! '"
LEIJ r d .r,i;1'2 1.,2 .,!;tf Ll'! US 'J r-i*1 ,,1 "f'
[i" .1r
-qJ't ;ril, \\?? ;l I ; ) ,5tr rli Irui J.U 6 l;9e- JJ11- e52lL.n l, 6i ,',b 6-.r r .;l.f c-11i, 1';Ul ;i e;L " '-r'r
.$! trl6 *lf./ \\?? )L e 6i;:2\9 4-sl
3. crover Maxwoll Mawell
{ Ulg rtr;3i;a
;lrla .:i ,!Li l ,',,_1".-r ..r+ J-rK j ,,r.[[i or,2 p,L*1r;lrl s.:; ;)Lrr .pre+ t,U_; ..9$L 6 ;Uli _p eLlS- 1.t!l!rq<J;- L r rtrrll ;i )l .{rr -S- -r.;.rl: rilzl :,15 eJ lLJ. a prlj
"U t( ,r-_ ulrr, .r;at; j. "., .2: 6 .g l.r; lr;-11;-
iil/ii 5 ; l)t<-.l ., ;L-3.r;l d;rL.-e:l .r){o + .{e 5- ,'J.r crb-,,l-* 1, rf ,',!..;,*; l, dJ.!_r-.r J Jjl{.:,l) ;r. _,2.t ,r.l1 ,.$l.-,15 d,,_l !rl+,-;l ,.-4 5p6t;bqlt :l+ut\tt'S cS rt
.ptj*V,il..,J o::,..; l)
..rl: .,Ll ;,. ". S {e 5..L- J* .KJl) ol-,l-=l ;l .;'J!
.:-ilr r d ;i ,,1 r, ,',-L;, ,.:f .:6 jl lr .r,Y) .tl{Ji J-'J- | .,,,L ri -t5 ,r (\11.)
.-l;15..iJr1.,1
[riJls "Kii l.) - \\?? +-_rri
,-l-ji,4 r,
't. Herbqrt Feigl
3- Abner Shimony
2. Carl G. Hempel
4. Kurt Riezler, physics and rcality
-;13".,u8;-, t,
;: s1.+r s.t'l 4-l .2t 1l .trK o-i4-. r, l2 rJ L-'1' '"1.9 r u'V u--ls.t s
li -uJ J,l ,bl .# .r ^,. ,st).) ! -,!* .sl.{g 'rK .s'+ Flr'..uL ;,L:-i I .r.oU L rll J\;S ,rr-o +-S ,;*);;qr' .g,L--l L
;1 .-u; ">L-r,i ,;:15 4;V ,911 u*zts-t ..tl ,91,t; *.-a; L;';q:- ,i r .,-5 "i'av 1*: fv)l t Ltr-.t,Uj j':-L- I ;-.,l.j- !i.,J q I L \.r .t # l-r.. ,r, Q-rl-,,
(I ''l c;l', l) -LJ "I-sUt- .,# ";t lJ l{Ju i'S * .41 i'S J- '*V;t it.t-!.t )+:..-i'.r! +--ri ."US Jr- 'r5;Ll 1.2 ;;;Jlv- ':.2-
riDl ;l I c 4L ,lW t 1.rlr,rr ;;' r: s.-'r--U 'rl.i+ ;U3l ,r'nl3
,r +-Sl .sr ,.Lil 1.1 .16 a-l I pJu. '\:;- -r>6 + \ ej,tj g;rL 6ti L d: '; l; lir.tl! ,.glal L ;tr1-:;1, ,912.f1*L,.ry ..r,.; orlr *-j,r;..:l.> .,,ij-!i .Klt, iU* ; cL-rp:;V\-t
r=J ;ui ,;\3ul; rl G)g:-: ,:f 6lr'' 1.1 '\cS r+' r-J r"5
"l"Ii: .9lr!-). cl, ti ;jlil + 6-* : uroL,-, ,u;l 'lri{Jsri rlr'j
.f.,5 e-i; .*B j)t? o5 F .,n l: $i J; , u '''lr,4| e)i a!,-r- .J, t- t[-- [ 15 'rr ,;;J '15;'-l ;''
-:LJ .t-l .2: tz;l -2: 3 -4L ;L:* .t> )* "23-1 '!4V:"'- ItL '1
6'_1W -*: ^t) J,L Ul )l oS :1.r..; ,rr-t-r ,, t, ,; ,'l',1, 6-.rts )-r- s*)J 1 d--l L- ,;S :2.t-. ('-i'l -t5 LK ;; ,5Q^r-i) fl.l;i GrJ ?US g,-l 2r r5 ,riL j-t i$rf,tJ,qi J'Li".a., (,'Flf oli K .r!r, fl.'* J-j e a-.'i';-r i-2L..2r ly.re. FCU:+l (* s a5-V.-1s., ,.r-Llc--; AJ-. )l f* rK-, lrUe U
,91+.n ;lto 1 .:5 ,-r-l )l llte,l!j-. .O,IJL .'s*u/ Ltt'..iJ "6 P''' t; t; r ,rF
i ;5.r, ,! ,a\3 ;;* re ;'J..21(--o.,21 l'ril o!- ;l;r Io4 .p 8 l, .51;'/r.t ;lr-;b ;L_L".,, 6).- \ t r.2 !l' ;-,15
4J -.,t Jr.- Jl .JiL .,J-;la; : J --oi .tl i-;;"E-S'c*t .,J F-
\0f\d?
vr
\.7
\IT\r0\f1\'Y\vt
Ct!, c,".. e i
.'_J3!t ;rr :rh rK+,-X;..2U314
.r'JL;>l , oL' -.it ,dilli Jrl ul"i.i
G:'4,: g>i ,4lt;;..21 .\ J.-i,jjLi oYl,i- I 3 .l c-l .l ,Loi
,;!- o':lL- I t .l i-l .Y J;o-_v;I ;2'.f J;
jS t$.2 ,sJo;lsl pr ui'qpL rr 1.-5,3& 1-: ^* .d ,L-;
,rs r+[ ,g],;lt;l ? 'laiL: t !rk3.v J"ai
;L; .A ,,f.a;
J,L .1 Jr-,
uS ;r\; t,;- " "tqr3 .\. Jt-i
uS ,-)tt .5!7 .\ \ .l--i"U )t+.c| i+i' .\Y J-i
r :.i rki.L ly ,h.,+li I .sjlr. L.E '**.y &l .\r JL4i
,r--r.lill !tla^-r:A .\ I,j.aj
,tt- " 'J tlt. .,p ..2 1(; l-e, . \ 4 .[-.i
\11
Y\'
,@u
gYt^:.tl -e
YYA
Yrr\r0
YVY
YA1
rY.
c;r L-k;r t:J .\2.1-;.r+lrlU ,F_-rf L-r.,r "9[; .\V.1.-i
;t5 n,r;r+" ,#j, f_* .lt J;
,-:r.+ : ;.Jr, ftl+t ":-rc*),42re.rrr.*tt .)l f
,*,-r.;t .Y\ J.-j,l;i ;rlrl , ,--_ri+ Il .,t-4j
e-b pt;. : ts.b t*lt e.'efrr $l; ..uL:.. J i^rJb .yy J_-alfd ,rlL;l ;l.;r;r.lf .Laif iJ..!(,, L.-.j-, Arb C*lt ,21 .s,-4 o;ra, ; lr,. ,_rla .Yd jl--;YO?
Y?Y
rAt11r
f\\f\tfrt
rrqrf0f0\
tsat il : '\? J'"i;l.uL- ;t, -,, .,l.l-,- lr .lV LI-4i
,s.b ;t\;'2, .rLL; l-1.tA LL-j
1-* rsl:tb F'e.9.2L1 ;lri .Y1 ,Lj
,;15.r. ,: i:- * ,-rr .1. l.-it- - -'.. I
..ln lrs
r.l.1l_1
.r-J(j I - ,r-rud)U - |
,.1c I c*,4;
\.pz;;ltl ;;tl
t*iu#.rr-#, t
,.rt ,{}" ,l* jat-...,l-uLl : ,ist u!s;;r L .,|'ul " '
,r o.213^r ,y*. :r:;5.,. rt(:i ,k+ :t l.t dt : p t .s;lF;si :rSo. -)f; 12 4- 4r e\-l .t.ai.rk+ :t-lu' )t.s ,t"
t ;^-l5 s. L-;-' ,* vLy- .Fl ::;.r. .,-L.-- I ib i-:*rlt.*j t &.r_t ,S ,t-6,t$ .* 46h,,b,ilr.,-*
.s5,r, "L :L_1 .:-ir L
.p+ .l+ L.,, i.r-2r r l+ 4..o )) .& ! ;-r,-.r,- eI- 111--
.,L dr--k* ;yL;rr a-L- J6- + & g,-l ,ryr o-uLi t-uil
6,-l <.-r.;rr^. lai,- i.or t7*2\ ,t)t.> ;136:'l JV .*c.,p rr ..-ElS Ltt+ / rr -,r;- r<,- -l 6 S,.r g.e ulJ.ul; L- ,.:* I or11 rr- ) ,*l sr* -.-ti-i.p JL .ujf ."L,1
Lrl+ + d,:i lt ;l ,rz4 ..t:: 4 Jr-5 q+ & elj j-.n .(r:r
jl JL qn- .r.;l! +! i-r.,--r," uJ,- r.213, i.t Ltt gt.'S:.-l
! .-u;L or.: o&.:a )^a) U-l Jl .trlt" u-l ;l 6'ta:: Qs
\v c. .?e+ .t e?i rilt j\)l .\
,?- ,d-* 1r a:-J I .;,.1 JI ,#*.fSu ;,.,_;.rL \,st_tl7.f.L- 15 c*l ,Jfu ., t+l )J!i,;, srs;trJ ,,L:5 rr -.+ LJ_ irtf ,V.)S,tr ;,_I ;t *:;K !r :u! ,_,:1..r,.1 e*,r,tt( ..*l Jr-;k+ ,ral, ,lS;t" J<* ;,,_;,r*Ll ,,.tr,j'V ,: Qx,-ulL o)V px Jlr, ,;;3;l;,r. ta; a; ;U.21
.r:L Jrl'.z Qx Jt, "S lrl ;l;.r.; l; ,l -.r5^. a<L r(.; .l
uJ- t" ,-31 l,6,,_| .,,U l:aJ'.L <.tSu. g.t-z ;4 Cx ,Kldrl "rrl, ;,,_ I a;J I .c*l J* * 2' y 2l "S ,gl,jJ :.t;-V u,b\ * Jr rs6,:lJ "$ a, J-""-ix; t.jle S ** )u,L- z_.,\f t:;l oJt i;rr 1., ,)t ,, J; 5r- ,xr;o,
..-*; l.>
,_15-:6,_ I q5llb ,t;lr,r, rQ!,1 .rl.lrl*r l.! ,5 s,_l.b.r lJt i.."
-t s..osl, ,J--tL , )tl)D :t-J u. ,gt:^.;lt. , ' ,, ,.r;L. ,oL;ail, .jf_ ir! Dl$ drl (.rJ ,-iL;S .;lrJ. d-r,_r- Li ,c:*l,rlJ e-l .nJrr cr- \szr- b\S-, bu) _)l ri., ,.-*;L; I ,1 .c*l .rl:il .,! U,-l ..rl; .,t( r ,Lj ,i 2; oS t-J o.;htl$ 1., ai t:"31a o;,* j)- gb2 t ",tJ Lt,t_t S,-t:. ;l-raL; l_ jr1 ,glr,rlJ L;b j,..n'L-. .Jt .rrU.,,e5 c*r ;,_r r* ;,;At E*,Sra.l"L-;r F .;*l rl,jt;.:-:le g,.t- )l.'+l + u:r ,Sl- df 1l ,,-;rU "j-5- t-
'F-t Jr'rk?,i,' e ;l-J'l .9rE "U r l; re! ,sloulJ ;l_r,a:;b ,,:s.r
,s\o,tlJ I :2 nilr^ +! ,S.r bl ,.5r1-; ,i!:. y.;';r ;[;4 r, .r,[rrE -Sl ."rt "!-t Jr;Q+ ,sV,_,lJ \ jrzuE al C'b- ,(.:*l .,IU JUt J+r:-r-_; ,r-1r erL5
.:!L:.1 e ,ots,oz; ,J;lt V
i,gltL /;lt.tf_ "l"rl) ;r!r., ,-S-',s|,*t +,uf ,9lrl5 ^<tl
)t-i .-r-i l;,r, rr.g.2Ll ,;Ur \ DIJ Ul ,'r; ;Q;l f-.t;: .rJei Jl-c-t I )l ,r2 qp, L- <.r:.;r- i3^. .--, .gtx**,,
: J:-- ie+ - c,: l:, cr- | Li t, )^ { gb rt.-r:..o r;ii ,Jt42 nri'L.j":.. .15-r,_r;l Jr-"i t{+ ;ly .r2b 6L-l -,.S_,,i-i,6-)J tt-l Jtl 04 .;' .C ,g "r-.tt
l_t $ I Jel cJr or".r a"
.c*l J,,.-:; IX- Clly ':l:* ,<6alyr;l aL;]i;;lr,l rr,'fc u,L7 ;;lJt ,it- J<- t J:-; k+ cr: l:,..,1 ;- | ,ril-rii, y;rL; "l- rl .r,rK -, US ;r,-l 2:l .t,gu,
Cr, ,-tr. lr s^1c Jite Ly .r_t,'L JV ,.5\ .Q:S r5t
tt-rK u, 3! ;1r,.r l_2 g,_ I .. " ; O .r-;;! e Jl ,*l +- y x
: dri J5^. 6,_ I + tlt-;(x)(Pt-Qx). (\ )
.-r-; lt; rr,_r-.;r.r .29*D s1l.> _1lS 7= e* r> 6 <1x1>
x >rl,'t-t * (\) ;rlJ 5;*l g,,l ,s\f @;.){c ..,3,-,_r,
P ,x "S t33 u. <rPxy -rr1, 1 6ta, a. Lr- " , !*.,, d)!l
L,l, .rL; l; {{ -l r .i.---l a,x t_J u, nOxl .--rJ o=.r a, .; I
,;;* l1 ;*.J-+ t l, ri-? .-& iL- )|; Oel .e.b.f F !...Jt, L c*t -,.'l;- L_; ,r-;U o!_, , ,l .156. J.d,
tr,'...IK;i.r-U crl .l(i .st igrL 1L-l r."r ;,..,1^; <xr Jl.-u:;L P i-...oE ,9lrl: x Jl.x .91L .* ? ,Sl_tl a ^S
n--$ rrJl,, ,;K blir/ c\.p r, )tt .. " ji a ;-:.\t.91; b .l3il.Ll 'l ,yU,-rLr.rl .<4.g L.;-,g:a* -,-,l lr- | x y-+
\t (r+"+ ) e.bt :i;lrt L;a )l .\
)Vl Jl Jt.rL.,'rr J-S ,5'^, *. ^S;i J- ,ncsu, 4.2l5;l;l I,i+ , .?* 3l;s. + uJ y;,Jir. .rLr ;L-l I ,.r.2
6-o c; t,lr l-r,-r-., 't L Jlt€ cJr-,,, .l5ii .rrf; .9-1l5*r 17
d ..41, rr.5Ul e.l,_ ;.uLi ; lr"c + l: ..tstl
): y 1.2 ;i j> rr1,- ,"-*r jS r, l, <J[ir i)l: ,_l:cr-| .,F orb y1-- ,-Fs' + Jr"Jq+ 66rlJ L L grbll ,1 ,_," li sU Jl ;; .tlr,r tre_lUr l-.1 7V 6ll,1lf^ ,, i:lJ -r:;L .;g_l-ril e ii jl L_ .-r;L .,,_l-r;l ,;rlr-Ll ..u U_,.:*l c*': ,.11J a,,-l ;ls .:*l ;,,(- .($L- kiyt.rbryb c,rr lrr rl F_ 1.2 ui pl;u. ,,-p>y .*; ubri *! <.r:.r1" . L*t)tfn .:*l ;.,5.- "t-L;r;4 .{ ,+r---b2..,-.1t Jt,-urE <SLir l; to.,; b L; " ^ ,-91.L.; br
.r:lrrr n..1y [il I-,7 l..rlJ ,l+ ;,11 ,;Lr;;;.;p, .,L)t-lr+li .ljt oj 6-b t srr-.+'ot\t 31 6- 'r., J3".ai -,2r
- I :.d.)) ontK --1,''S \r)J oSU .5 l_.7 lgl,rL .r:,li .ri.rL.:^Lc.6,_l r l2;lrJ rr_l .r*U.r, nrlF;il9,L_nOO4 -** ,fl; \ t ,V Srt b* ,,sol+ rl r5;b.r.Jtl,t i; rS u. ;..--o,ll,raLt .1..
t, L+- r5 ;,,.i rf--
,,+:- ;lr^b- ..tl ,s -t\-. ,, ;!.- c*l ,5^1... ;;lr- Lt .,:l
t c b f-,oL.,--[ ,'t.c.. .;r .o-!r i!.21r> pL-+l lL+t ;l.r,_U l.,1.rJ|':.;1Fl ,.rt+lr=..r !11 ;l2i .uL ,-_;, ,f,b;-rAli c-., ir* *! ar_t .r, ."J ur-.t t. ,s-b t,:l_r' ,t--h ;l+5,r F .S i$f .;L:l ;i ., L.i-l -,, cj-c ir-l I $; .-u:;
,.t) ,!-_t 2r .,.-_L: .5 u-?lrt Lt Ji J-l- dr. istal t-.tt;,.? .r,_lti-l
.:.,)l-:.'l e o\bi ,dlrt \A
r,,!.r, K! .; I .r.r5 .-r.rL; r..-e f! -', s'1, JL J,- 6 a--;(l{J.; i.]) Ji 1r ;-r.-l Jl* \ G--,,--:!,-tl 1.:t& I l..r
\ ;-,. )l ^S l-t ,r-.*; o,-l 1jr-\.,JI .sSU i- ''r'u' tS +
r) ;ur- iqj rl ,..:5.r. ori-u.- l .rr^-- t- 1r ':I- ;-r'-L; iJ;;.;lt ,t;iS u. 1.6=; [-2 ..r; l.r7 ,-;l + (f-;.91";1.'1, ;l r-t-,:J,_ r; ..,;rr l+Lil i".r e Jt-)rtri:,. rJl , rt.rlu ;*l ;lta,L-.; Ji; nrf-i r ,9:-5 r; Grt Jli crr- t'. . ua3."; u ;Wl
L;i .,; l-; i- K! ,-^+ J- .-s-'Lr )l ,g.V :.13" sV;3L''.c*t -h
d c*l .r,Ql ;; .e;l;|, t ,:!, d .*l J-L- .5L
,s\o,tlJ., iJL; 6l.rr^;1.' .c*l -,L-ol,i,-"3-;l .5',1- 'L:;-
,-t) rr5u) -\tdJ ,s_l J:* " f:-& r+ - J-r-F\ ,kl t rriUr ijlr B6 ,.-r:'lS Vl .u-f e, Q...-
4-1,', iro-- l;uI yl );*l ,-r.1!', j-r t ,.r\;.eb:l-r,-e.2
!t-; I 6;U i;L-;: q9..r--:.-:;l> ;l Jl .Q-n-r ,6 +. p#..rj)7 L\ ,:l !dui)) :$r y[ ;*l ,f- .- Jlv- uttlrJlr ct- .r, .tr;*l eL-rj -r -t- r .r.*Ll .5ia5U;l F- +-l
4r ;rlr 62. ,,:l-t+ -:* jl t e5 '<JUrr;,'-l ;l .:*l ;,(-ot* ,,r: t tS e It o -JU;- At 6 rtiUrr g,- I L- ,r;rr.)i.ti 6. il;l)t ):; rL-,p ut r.9b<;51'irr ,r-nK q;,-t i-..r;t,nJUrr tn.,71J d./-l t d r+rcr gzi t'k'-r jl -,L;- I ,-5ly
,.K;,U;i -2: 6.a )2 r,.1> .uaL;- :l,.-2.2 .'+ u.SU, .g,-F
,c;$.2lrii,r-i r-- d-,-i!r., 3 q,.--,!.;l u22 alu-l+
u-J.f ,t-1 ., t..:,.; .rJL'. .r-i l--* r5 f L-;r t pl: ,*
Y\ s+ri+ ) e?t telr .;rl .\
r, .r.-r .J1l Jlj* .,.:*l .,-,i JL .:.cL a5 ,J.r, F .krtlt li ,.*,l: orl, C*! 5U 4 e! L tr.r.i ;..cL -5U ! , l;,r, t!,.:*! Lr,, l.: ;I l* lr-,t p' Jlr r, .e-J; l:r,
,y-l.r\ .t:.-S ,rj l.t ui "pL'-f
o-^, q9l7 :rb g-\,s-9_"U-t 4L;r .,*,.,r l-ri .f,F-l drl, ,3 t-trl b + O",<
e5l' eet sll ,, , rj^i,r, .rl.r g;!-, 51, L a, ,5U cL_
6rr. JL, -.-bi ,912 .2 -L;..-.^ .5^)6, c.j- 5U L r, ,,rr'5,a; ,gl2 .:*l 1jY l-A ,*. .tlrS *rc ,9 :;: 6laSV
r;iJ -:-r.. Jit .eL.;l .5U aI_ ;6JK- rrl, .,7r .5U t ,rS- ;L.;; rf ;*l ;,_l g-!to-J' l-t Ui .,.r, .ra..r ;r;U + ;$;- ;V.">; ;-u; ,.rQ!
td; ,96,1$.5U r .r*. ;\-.>; $ 6:t/ d ,-r",x1l:u' ja2jw It u4|* s."-a )) r, aJ r::...o s.attj J 6r;:
C-U .J.rL JLi ;r ..:.-j ;l*--r. r! I 1.rY .5 L;i ;Lu;i
-,...--.-,- .glor-5e! G>t .<J^;br, l, 3\ ;r-n d_ .J:l
GtL .-S ,pt 6 ,,_'1o- ,rS l, 6 r_rl.i .r-l -Sl ,*,r,,.r, g-[- ..r9 -ulr; L: 6tt $-.> erL ,.rlrt t: r;s-t )l l.t
3 )*€ ,-l* e-, 4- e,-_t ;t ,<c;J ;; * \ ,l ;e2l6,\ 1.2 ,;cL slg- u*S Jl ,7-2l':u. sb2;i- l2,,t-c s;U;r,_l)J./ v \ 1 4l'u.1. l; .*L ,:rK. ur; d ,s,.L jl .rl;. I
"--S t-+ ,r*trt jrf ,;E ;t .d ,-r-r. t 5$ JV
)j ct:?r) 'l-* rs- C-U, Ol* a, l2 5U ;r'_l tl ;l 5 tSO.13q l-;b,r. ,-SS e>,4 l, .-r I L lr- .ngr LL, .t1l,rr7 e5 .r.,-l t ):; <f )r
-. J. G:. l. !t- eJ,- r5 ;lr,r,
s*U:;lt) (/ye ctlt l9-: -l .u_J rf .-r5.r. r.2r ,-L*- I
c.')t;>l -e t,\bi ,nJlt Y.
.ri* e;Larri:SUr "4-
ol-uL; ! /t .-S ^->U
.11.r.; rj'-. e -ur ! A.r; '-r-oL- ,-f, U 6 ,S -&-t -t .r*€ Ltr
.-uL-.|,U L"a;- .',- .,.,*t:,b,.r1,,(il ;*l &.+.i
.;5' t, l^: d c*l ,1, , .rl-ul ' i-_I.c.,l ..1 11: i- -n.r=J.r "! <6r;le;l ,'i; + ,t-6,tlJ L l, t*'L: at-l .r'-r/
'tt:-t ",3:;;, t & , \-r'-;rcs, r;) q 1 Cxl:r,.r,-l
U-l i) ,L_; I ,c*l ,r; l5e: .,Y lj* o,,l t g-L- rsrb ,s-u ^+
,slt F-' --b )l t ):N\s. e.bi l.; .3,'..e" 6LocJUlr di lj.i., - ,lJ r, ilc;L:b r;.n e( -tr<;SUn . -L,..i-.r
;15 r, Lro.r,_-r, (i ,Slt, rF,+ lt;.;lj n=+ l-r-l
ls ,S tn j li.r.j .j'-U ..:I- Jil-u t, .,2Li ;.t4 .t st,,/,S ty,t ;)tt I ,..ri" :r\ + t-:, L.i-l ..7r u.Jl ..,1r e-ri6iU .jI_ ,5-..e orL .51j" ;r) .-ulL ll.g.bjr e1\le Olr- qU.:LL-l ;r;lJ tt b:.+- )l J,+:, rzlj" ;r Ll ,,:*l jl5u-l -r Ul; ,: ).i of .c*l .s r!* K u-l +5L- ( ,:-,rr
;L;t Jsr,t .:-J .e_rt .rtdU il ja 6 *'t,te ,t-e.c
L l1 rti J,l 'ir* WI .,lr e.bj; ;,'-l .e ,Sl,.tt + bli€ l)
d_b'++ (i: Ji- e5 r:.o.r.r, 115l :t ! ,J"b .rr-" ,f.:l: g.be; .r-L .r( c* I
.c*l g>;;l 3_t:i J<- ,.-- .t_l .t)s.t J$ t'
.;Ll .:J; ,l J+ l, ,ri ef ;,. .-L u ,)-n ,l*2'^ uJlr-.:)) :)-.iF-s, 'rlr 6* !. (5 d-+ L..;l J--t
".lS Jr \st)
-r,_11 .91, ::*l u, --->; ,,-l <.r7 l-1 ,l .e -i 6Vl t ;r- 6;+- l,- .)r.r .., r* ,Jl5 *z; ,:)",g,_l -r,-L:; ..:.cL j$et:
t p,o -r,-L: \J-.5 it 1 L- e -r,-r1: t., ;i ti lry l2 .-.r L
Yt s+e+ t e1i tdlri L,4)l .\
lV i,t !-l; S ,r.;2; js;.1, Wra; ,tV*>;.,)1"r, Je[ii ).tJ rr5 5i' )L r.r ,.,.6 '91ltl \ r;bt j. U-'--J|r r
,r;-lrr -b,d)U ;e; .l;t:.; i';li ki .5U d,- e^bi )" ,s,\<
t -L-U f{., t.sle^ +rS;,-l ;: .Jr,-::; \-' ai e r::-..r.9-2t i glr;
&t ll;; c*l ;,5-.Jl-.sl-i .r-U it ,st-i 6>;,!'-$trrf l.t 6i .S ;US r.a)) )t -;: e .--l ,r* ,F er!,tI- L-L lKj," Jt;, d- -51.r*,.r.srL* 4_ --b )st -.+:.;,1 ;l -r21-: S 4rK. A;; t -,l...1 I r5 l-r., l-,1 ot p-)r )l ::
tslt. ,f:-i l, ;r,-l d-:i '13;i ,.:*l or.;3+ 6;U .fY Lt.r;U .9_;Li .rrU 4- Ltt atlt Jl G;- tr;l'.6. l_b ):t.
.t2.su. ;l; + e-t .:J,- ;r,-l to L;1.1
.rUl.;ri C>j 4 t.i 1g;Li oiU .jJu- 3 .*, G-
.,-:;lr .r r...^. v->; ,:L r;l .)lr.f l; ;i -u:.r, +ilrl . ::.'i
1l t.a 2: v; ,, 6 n f- ;*r ;,5- ub U tU\ ;;U .:I- )i- - t!..
)tJ 64V ,-r-,'L* c-)t" ntrtl 'oY 6'li tl I ;LJ
...-1r o,- I "5 grrL* a q-t j* * 1.2 ;r,-l u,S;a -Sl ."S rr6- I -u- -u lr; 6;
tr YLj-l )L:r ,t -r(-. ,;*l orb j17 1.,1
tsl2. jz4;r tr5 a:-..1 tep e. ,:i s -,+ ,:' \.,.>n:,t*r- C*l,.:* I g5.- yl .-u;L .9 ;;t ;Ut>; e, .,;rli ,.:* I o5- o1-i,:1,_ + ;-,; .93 5 4L_,1r e -r5 t-l'. .;; t-.' .glr l, rL*
'+5. tQ a; :,;lt\s".t(i uL; .r-,7 b e-1- L.- u'3 6lji)i-.--; liL ,r--l b"t-r jl lr L...i -; b.r. 1., ,r-. -l Jl ;r.lO,_l + ri jlS ra.2:.:^ir.o 3 9 G"t €l'rl ;y'| L :r* b.r,
s:2t. :--.21: L- ..5 lJ g)o g',-l.lr;.r. ;i -,11 u L-- lj;
c,)L=l -, ,ola.->; ,0jlt fY
,J-: + G- rf -r; l..r-l; r:;Ll .,. 5,- !tr?l d,ri l' 6r-l .lula.tre2re, .*-Jel ,1 l; ollJ i O n, ,t j*J ,lVs_;lj;l L Jl')tll r .*;;l;26 s r &-r+ 4 q t.5lt5.s,slt jS et.5U et_ Jl" .t*i .', .!sl i-t utlttcJq .-lrlo l. W_ra t_ L-rL t#5U L ..:^;.,si .,t-o t .:Jrj
.J;)lJ; e>j; e.,l-iJ ri; rtr1,-t i5"r ,La;- f--tS'- +. 6;V! ,: lr-..r rzb -r1-. e c'V..^bt ."15 .r, ei b grE zlr;
,:b ,.11-:.; , J:.,1 tnr1.;
l. (r) (P.xr 0r)2. Po
3. Qa
etV x ,;; s.25,. y 6 c*l J -;lx- 6;\i )21 ;.rlJ
.9l1lr ,a ,.U 1; s.ar,a.> *. .4 ,S $ rr ee p" ilJ *>-l
7r i-tlJ e5 r;L,r,2:U l.1 L 't"il ,;lJ 2: 4-l .c*l P c -*.V.;-l O,.:^.ot- .51.;b a ',.,-l; :'..i Cl-'- I LtL lr
a , r .,. J *i !a i:tV ,,t)s: u!s; sU ,z f* .t:'rJ=
;,,1 lr-r ,.rr- t e l.ri-;p d,- J Jl "-4
;l1l gr- t*;y'| rl.iil,r, l+ .K!, g,-l ;, Lj, .r-* llJ *+ oi .'.i'-u* 6- ! L-l e, ; I ;,<-- ((:rji.'^; ,l 1e ,-ul ,+ .ts9l <.,'rlr ,.--; lr,- b^l: ,,t' -\t2 tni.; or,c oL-l ;l L; 6 lrrrItr.+il ;.tlr- Lt ,'l s;U-)l L; 3 $€.pj dle.-+ + ,,Ps sD,ts,riul "i,-L L;l'r5'-r*, .6t-:; p4L tSlt
at g:ai tslt f\ rrU ,-r-l .(.)is. J.*i -.r+ ,-:,.2 lre5 .r;1,r, el r +! 6L .,rU .r_l )l L; Jl )2 .;*l a;.tsr,.*"-r e, .r;l+; ,:i ;l* * 7* lt :r c*l ;,(- .!,inl.e oi ., L-l
Y0 "*,.*,
) e>i ti;lj ittl .\
,r-Y ;* t --rb o,t .S cjr .r-l + r(Jq c*l 6;L;-L.Jjl.rl;.J,j
,7-.rrl u' ,;;L' Jalti;l "L Jli .1r
.p,KIqtpJt.\.ql-p ,K:1 p Jt .\
G-1.: btz ,J: .;lj ;'l;sl t-1-e, ;l;u- t |",)lj< U-l
tr- Jrl e.;r iJ .:*l ,sS;- "i) 2l5 a, gl,o";l.e .rL r Wi
.r.--t "r<i ,d 'e; t*1.; l-2e : p ,.s6,.tlJ u Jl r'.;,s'
.e r9r ;l irLu-l ;F jl Jitr .r-l f l+ .;l; 4 \ p ;ylJ
l, p;;lJ Jt n--Srr;rr .rrU .r-i,r,.:*., ^. n...,Ki ...J1,
;,-l ;L .u;l; q t- P r-i ,rS x-\ UtJ 'C jzri ;*1,<@Rt i;12.*J(t oU ..2t sj- **l r+. 6+.r!j r, ,rli
"5li- .;> L- 1 (.er 2 L- d,- 7l jlS .sU.. I U. "'- ,.rrrti
(!)
;t-l u"-5 G-j.' ,sG .d^*"i "J.tU
(er ,.o i j: ,aL- 7), '2t^.'l:--i rt";rl;r'-l Lorl'; ! l-r;l 'g;U
P)(P v c)
;i ;l.r.r , .*l 4.+ e ,P + L- I {e.. ,.91.lb nvl :[.j
.;15 g,-l .,.:; l.: ,;-L,: ;i .t,,rl Jl-r+ c.r-t Lt (JU) j,,S.ty l.t
t_ -tr) G-| j)i iS- ,:\*l; iI5 .r+"t- ! oli.r l.r
p .r:.- t ,t*.s. bt os:[i L 6 ,91'iJ p (ie;:.rb pL;l ,bi )A-* t )V rvj i'S
'-r;lg; r,rll 6- J; rk;
cr)L:.rl J ,;,|c,=:a; ,C,:ilji Yf
6-_l.re; 6-U ,St et t dr+ 4 ! ,,; l.r.r, 1L- x.L6r.,.
..ru,r...r O.i l; ;V*>; ry az t t;;\ ,,5 C a- ;V->;il ..-ut .u: L; J...; lX- .r:"1r, vl*i 1r ,g;.2L1 ,-C=:r;
"' 'e'V.sl-r ./5 oU &1" r5 L;i ,l ,e,; S; r5 lti ;,it--t+. cS -tJi d/ lri ,)[j ,r. r Jr-.;;l<+ ;r;l; d- g'^,.gto.r;. l; I ,I.-:il 2r.,.-1, d dr:.! + E .:uJi ,lU ;l;;;lt .s j o. ;lS orl:', | .,.r..:r. .grLl a;l; OtU,+l p). 6tt g)-)s-t! .--Ll c'* lr, ,s*U'jlt) dr-J It il L ri-t-.
d;li ,5 6.r :F_l ,5;: ele + .1L-l .9t9,1 ,r(f1a,_! 2.' Ll .€ u_tn ,grLi ;;19 .,*t l, CV.l f)td ;r=t; S
"1O 's3-r1 ,9.2Vl il* *.t 4 ! 1.rl-JJ-l .#,r al 1,, ej s*Ll )u;L .(Lr ,r'' .:: L ,;1.,tl ,.5,,V+.u*l Jl- U*. + lro ,J-l 1 e2r- 3 -r-ltd/lt { d-U Sk -.,rct-rr crrly i"-orf .r;-r;:,. nLl4}+\ -t 8 Al-+; { +! .-u! .ir Jt , - ^ F Lrrl..i
'f*\ otlt 'r;;l';l ''g-,Ll ; l-,o
"stut ,S 4 ;G4,, j...o;r e5 ;:l"i ol-u,l .r,l:, JL.t Jr;k+ ;*le ol* * Jt ,*lC o,l t_i t.:*l .lrfuJl .,u \.)t)6.
)\S + ,*5 l.:: ,;( 1 ls >; :,V=>;;l,l-ll.:6-_ I .;1Liu. ).15 ,;;r- ;l u...r .'lli qr" I .+ d,,:+
F_-r: L-* ,;l ,;'.,-. ;\>L=, , .jh:- Orlri 15 c*l .:*2.>
i-,,!r: ,r e+ or l.1r o{l J, ,rJr.r t{. (;*l 6,J-' ;a ^S)r.t It1,. -r c'.. l( b \rhlD tr- 6\ ,;r-J 4 ,.1;:S
;U- ! ir:+ dJlr .rl{+ .S cjr O,- f r, i ,r5.r,. j!:-lb
tV "r-.i'
4 ) e'bi t;lg e;i-rl '\
.dl r) dl!-l e ^5 JdJ ! ,Le rBL + t: 2 -v;l u. tL2 r"
,.r-.- .r-; JL-,.' e-i-e-- .:*l ;U? .Fl! ok+
"1..t5 stJl ,.,,i ., 5,r.:;1, e* d_r: J:;1, u-is-Ll
,-rc eJ,. ll,rji- .$ -;; 5-" oS t- sj uJ,-;l ; I 65- ,1-rl,
^S -J ;l *; j-F-' ultV t,$ 1 ;-l dr<- ,F-rp +U
J* *\ .l,-r^; ,.,D)-t; y,-l*; o,-l Ll .C-|.)F ,-\AU- jF.tr: t,:.11 lr,-L,-- t-,;L.;;U 4 G-lt .loli.f
g h+ '.:*l ;,(- ,+.1''r.-2 c-"': 1 ';Y! ri-la, L r5.:*l .-*-2.r r,-l .'* )g J"t-i L-U.r,-U1-ut,
,t*+ i..,!..,, 6h ,-fu -Vl-.:: uL. .,lrL'. rf u-l O',-l
f ,\+Y,j.aL d ay! ,;1, *- fol"rf .t-JO; U a rYn, ,i-*l 3rl- ,S-- ;k+ / 2: oiJ J-l 6 l;i;l Je .;*lV * 73c Ju; oi -,,.5;k+ il\:> t9:* a+t €
'$)(r-
.t k+ .r-- ,rL -,-b { l.;--:" <;,5- ;t1.-r;l L lrL-,-)-.L- .u l;.r. i)--, o--l :J ;:;*a; :L;'; se-r, ;l; r5
,-;t-jr.sU\+ (t ,z;61;t= e* s.5l'uL;l ,-5t4t12
\. .rf e-F ,ib:- t rl5;t;l.lLo Lr l2 i*gl ,rl; a5 uL
-,lj{<,- 'U+,
.ri 2, a5 ,.21, -!r, .f k- u., 'u-2K. +li.r. k
d! ,jI- ,r} r l-r,-.1.2 6J.21 .,-h. a t -( ,,r; ,r-21, 472 >lx-2 -1
'lt-22 ,S L;I ;l tr !+- e). el- -tt& p'tl*-2.2 2; | 77
, d,r +t lr jL-rUi6 L-,l ;r rr...6r .r.; r .-" I .r, i Jrl
: D ir,l-r-el gJel S +3 * r!*J s ll" '7--S rr
l, 6l;-t-a':;3 Jl .(r..{p,r^; lr L.: .!r.- c*l .r, i +-6 rr ;tt'l
o)L>l ; ,ot-c,.->; ,b;lt l,
qpt:*lt c* l,
U)t \4 t)
c*1, r- . ,,
Ut' Lsr"
.Y
.r
.rcJL r* | (pvqD td,g i--* I;-r ,,1 L l_r nyn rL)"U-;lu6l(r)rL; .p> pk+ JL ;r e c*l ;*1, Jlli_r ,) +_t
'l+r, [.'*"t u+j <...,Ki ...Jb.,.r-rU ,!j_.2r 3 r*l .:*lr,rl {", 7:* t J9l .,':lL _2-r up ) qt :::_,,,! u.l, ,:L:. 6; lc ,:1,_ ,.gLr.;l.e rl d- f .L_* ,Gt .Lr.r,1.r, .:J Ljl Jrj-- ).5.sr*, + .,:-rU .rl 3 9::a ,.g)t_: \ ,etr#6lr;-\:-*l ts -* G-l:.rg g,_l e c*l s:L .;1.6- c,t -
.c* I .;rLo o5.. .sl+, / -.1r +L)ti JC +6E o"-. .-\bl-1 :_2r. ,t -;K ;;L-;l; ;rLrr r-; i'LLi, l; n=,r J (+) ,(F)) ,nYr .<\r ;V S ;c: .tS u. oto
^+.rj ;L, ;,,_ I ,l i--l-- <\ +Y=f r .)r;\; s*1.) ,/-"5 cEn)i€
.r;S 6. or- t JVi_, J,?lFl .gl.o,eL; :23,. .1; u._l
J-- | *+ ;l 'S :r;,u. d)t! I rl+ oL_ { .,r, n,rJ, J;n }-.1., .,'*+J6l .9-L^, {- Lrl '.i .g: 6,22. ,tS j_; is;"r,rj=-:l-rrl ,iU L-.i). is3^a.6le,.c \ C* t-I +. bls.t6? tl a-l Vl 'J a.r'" -u5.r. Lt- I lr s-Ll Ll t+ Ablir? t.rC "s!r 6.o .:21-r; 6r[; ,k+ cJ-; " u!.ttstt) L, -:r--*, L"r.:a , ,rJ "--h c* lr, ,i 2r af .:,; k.5['1le ; l*. I F t{.:J Cr: lr, Crl ^S
lr,-;:tS;.ik .rrJdl
lq s+s.::,, ) ept l;ljt jtjrl .\
b 6i* ,t* ,tr2 :6 + b.-r.--9 ,r^lc ept 6lJ.9lr-U .llyrg5.- ,Jk+, FJ! Ak+ grl;1-- r, -2.rU 1.2 L a' .u:; rJl.zl
.l5Jr ,.5){-:. uaL.:-, >l*1_; q dJU ,i{ e-t JV" + ,s-:e-l .e-j ,lS r I u'4 c*lr, ,r....,.! .r"-#.r ,J..;l! ,:la-.5.1L Ll ,rl,rgul -VL-t s &t c*lC ca- ;l a;19
.-r::--r ;\- rli;L i)[r) ;lL,,*aJ 2V-j3 r! ;ui ,.,11;i_ra ;l ;7 \t ;j yr
qL KL trl lr;'r ,-r,-4 *U ,k I xty rils ,y.tL ; :rl J
J--l* ,t.;. !-! & aS '2 s-l Vi tb- <\uf-, '.t-r-.n-\Lr- r(L .r:;.-.r brl.l-.1-.; J rl*. rS L*t ,rf-;p U.. i:;L; l;
r..- e t _J
"g f.ai ,_rl*.o G-)E r:.) ,,_ I .iiL_,r ,n:-:rL- j ,i ;: .r,_! l;
r ,' 3Ju: , ' 4:i ,ri-; i.-r,-l i:.1 r( r34 ;L; ;i ;Ui j-U,F62 C-t- 6 )")Ss.
'*L,-l ;L-l ..:;[ aLL oi t,F.tg;l ar-, { d sr.5, .9_:.+ ,tlr JU t e^-+ eS ,k+ rki.,
1r e 1lr ,lj L".++ o.t _f 3 .,(-19 lr- ,rIIr .i.5 t l{!-
J,U. r lri lr<,_? .c*l )ta-- .J., U .-+ u)-c ir; .-j-:j r-zl jS-. rr- JL t l2 Ln :rrl: ;L:; ,Jle ;.:; .lr(-r,-, ;,-l<.r,21J r_1-..2 4* ;Elt ,Sly &-1. ot? ):-t rtll;r L 2l
.r" ,5,rL.2; ;t iJE rf rrfl.r-,r ;'!l; r, .:i-l ;l Ui\'J ' t*r: ,:brjt-l
;.rc !a;- eui ,r .,.:*l -S -t-; j,Ji 6W; ,;2r,1
1. Gustav Kirchhoff3. Fichle
2. Ernst Mach
4. Schelling
c,)l.:-l -e ,ole,=Z; ,OJli YA
rL:',-;l l; b t- ,S.,.. .r..*,_ ot!_t r! .rt L> ,l; 6,r,\lj1 p J.V ^J,,r ,k+ C-F.t" ^#t- "5
-iill;L-di6 l.t ,S t:t Lt ,S ,;S tlfl 1.,,r+. *l! -ra .t_y> ,; I rl '-- -
.4d -;-t,/ ,.r)ttl u6- ,Le, }.iJ ;t1 ;l .i,
e-r- 4;,,-l r, l.; c,(-,iq+ d*l 5i* J--',:);lel .:5*o. .52 f t f.-f li 2 e5 ,21., )t+) t,)ar :r,SU-l ;46 .L+ &'ir,J )l? e, osy gl , ,*r,.!,_t 3tJUU rLil ,.e[L-l .#i ,r!r, \tr;l ) tS6.;12 ,*-I + bg tJ,,.-*l ,rUl.;;E .;,,(-.*l ,.lk+.rl n.t;._-f.r,y.- &S,t
.c^*; rLjr:. 't*- StJ-.,U .st+t*+ of- .st+k+ S ,o_& c*l ;5.-)t-b,. f*A'n sfs 92.a.,,!Urr ;jl.e rf L;i ,l ): ,s:ta.-Jl-- .t )l ttt€ _2l5 + n-r.S tta ',;ls,,S;L;l .i1, 5 e"; i,r
3 "f e-t- bltrl l) ,.s tV. ,6- rrl+ k+ g:5,,.. llr.-li..n ;i .2, 6 ;;3 ;;* .g lr:;.; 1l oli€ )u .t*; ) ...a;..
Lo: ij &t + tyrs d*'r t-5:l-rrl ;ti.;... 1.'. .5,lliJl .,' .! e.i &, +. x*c/,.+";35 rl-rrl L r(.rltirL:;;e..r, jk* c;-"i .d/_+ ttii * l-, IrKjj..,L;l 6l(..1
.rr* gr-- ,:-t- ,-LE.-i*-r "gL^.
r 12 ;i ;l;.r, r:Jl .,--.rbt;lt,f F .+- :i.2yi.lrU.tl2 S:+ + Jt,c :b,:Lie,-
.1e^a; * .2:li V V .6 t:-,.r 1.2 J"t.i; &r* L;.1 4-;-.; I .-Lr; J5.r- -tE 6r1l-rf ,..n 215;1 r5 C- ,-*_* Jy:.r;2_2o,- .-!U r-l5 6--r u;L.. f e5 l.2 b .r_r.,..p ./-U k+
.>f ;V,i,-.; ;l;o. u,L- rlje,- .rr+ 5.+l+tf.+ blr(?.!LJ.4; t t+ .l-, r!rL-.r.r ;li ;*tr;
l\ G+gfu,: e^bt rilt i4)l .\
llyrr tl ,-:-;-. 2: jr,l 31r L_ ;l g.i.; I J.:- \ J, e;.t_ ,5 u _,. l;1.r ,,_ I r-lr,.r. .rt! i!\.-e )lJl 6D 6ttuoJ- t l+i ut :j 6 !-r .t", llr &.-r- a, l; a:*:;,.:"15 : s,-o, ! & .l-l U 7'13- ,5V"sl lJ- Kj,_ I re, rt U_.r
;Li ,.uU_,r, ,f- ,jlt, k j .-J "91-oo-r,_.r,
." '!.,*1.*';*l
.r=J rl l; -:j,- 6*. yl3-.tLj .i'i! f"'lr.,. d )rLL-6L lr Clrrl .9! ; l-r.:-:; b ,?g J, ,i,-5 br Jl ..1^.r I-lj-J* .-i,-r/ j2rt n)ln Cl:rl ! .f .,.l; ;t.r+ S *l*.gj!--r.rh6.; .ir. \1f \ JL r) ..ou.irr ;ia ;Uit2 ,gl*.-1, ,-L-:.:*,, ,jol ; 2l a-K d.c *ir-Ji i2L"2r
llrl -*, ,,1. * jl crltl d l.6.:;5lJ ,tu it\-t';t-,r^a l5
s t-_t | ,iL:..;+ jl ir-l.g;-J 1l .tf ;116;, d[_r, rrlt.rlrzli .-r.al r .13. l; -r,_.q,-9i+'- l..r+. s.2 L_lr- 9 r)-ly.f tz- +,.ri--lj -lj t- ., jrili Ll .tt JV t,.{- _;:.Ie )s.i'i! of r[,r. eL;; ar)tc ,,r-Ll;-_; jV + Lrr, JL;l ,5- J.r;b,r,.::;;I ! .si.r5 , a;);1r .r; ri'Ji rL-l
.rirl ! .r l-r^t ,-r-t i -;r ,jL-er .e ;" l1 ; [ir*Ji .6[,ta.:-
c.t -L:r )l G-) JVit) e-zi'"r.,11 -,;!r ;i t n:-tr..rr Jr rJr r llJjl
;itul ;6 :2 ),;.;,r-k;c-_, ,l5 + g-_1> $ u2l,e F-' 6V ; ele, u- l, ol, ;lr.+- JV;J.. )l .s-,L.* 6* l; Jl "k+
,.SF) 6 rt6, o-!_) ci;.t.: *. '12r.1) :j '4.
5 Hans Driesch
c,!l-:-l e ,;,1',*;,n+li f'
;lr*J3ilr., t r:S s^ )\5.;*!i'-t-lc*..7r;e:.o rr*)ti;l .rI$;'! l_p a-; -,7r 1 .:*l ,:it ;* -tl1--c ;-; 9-l .-r.^; ;YLl e
,r-:-6. r-..-: ,e-a. J--' .$u- "16
l; L ,(-'' t'! lr.'rr
drr,rS U $u, )ly ;* GS ul: ar t\lr- t*11,f ta' ,ylt ..731-,L{+-,r: ,$)PV,i; .:*l ,r^lc "i;jL;r
rf.g-l oJ,-r, Ut ,9t r
dLr.{*!i ;l ,.r-z'. ,pt tt-t ;eJ-- tzs ;lt- 2' ul-t.-r- ,- ., ;Ui -Ji'-rt .riJ; dt5 r .:*: ,.J1.1 ;r ;ldelolrLc ,l J- ,dL ;,1 6V^cl J--" ,g!a:;;, ,t,i o,,-l L-;-2r -r.,-! l; l{,{' .y-l .te. pf f 'r YL -2r 6 ^ti ,L .-156-
-2, ua3-z; +. ,o_s2r-l . u-{i ;Lt-:.. ,F:L 4.; ! lF;l442W gtc/;L5 *;l;Lo Lt ,t-l ;l y' ..-r-; .,)L-1
;rl.:S,.r*u Ub lrr., i) ;)-; I 4l'u" t t; -3-, ,py;l.c*l .r,>l ,L ;! JS-
4 C-t 6\ u^L" r-rU 4-;l ".rl;- 'l f"J rr ,Pt-r\5 lt -b;,1 ,.,-;b r,ai oatl ,;) + ,',*l )E;J ;-SV
c*l .pK Cot ,slt.i-r+U J,lre -i'-S n jS u' S plr<'.)t t ot 1r kJ .-""1 J, #L el;-er -2r ,Jr .--l ,'jY .-r,--r,-
J. Ur+ (i-ij-) ,.rl^r-, ., Clt)l S )t g\ oriv- dll jLjJt) ,..r.01-i.,rf.., L e5 r-,;b ;f* ;*).g.e; .91.-uL;
.eL;l u / .r:;<t G;\ At t rt) t tt) .1L-r.1 ,.rl_,,1r
,l g,_ I ..u;; l>,r, bi J;- 6 u-S ,:"& r.s U_ 6;.q r[!1.r.
,l g. d -r.rr f !:, t ,l-' u \ ,s'j Jl .;*t g .lU utltt h9 r g lr,r, J^t oi J;- 1.1 2l u. "S e:*l u4L -r.-U "J;; oi
;l;4 l, ,t "S u-+ lr, 2:,1\ ,921 -51 .O,.r \,t .- 4l-a'
Yi .5+e+ ) e"at tifil9 ;:.11 .\
.L+ rl -;U g-; 6ll,'4x rl ,u-, ;l LriJi gbt il*.'J *r',ct-!Jr ltLt ,l ,r,-\:*; u.lsl ,-;
! .t-@ CL:r: ;s. \tssut .tl; + e-t.jli J,l t-i
+ l-.' kj+ dr"l jl ,-f1 eatl )) \-g-:J :.2r. rr-l .;r "J.,-1:
.''.
Jl, ,., \ lf F JL .2r e( ,1: L: L.j-U!loi: iJs _2t S l,rlr rtErli;; I rL r, l) j;--), L-.Jl': o, t "L\:J'-l);\r .;;J ;;r-.s:.tj:Ju. 1Ur;i;l f--" rgl,,s ) )l S JV tt,r*Jl.; StS ,::< ,r'-"lt u^-.;, S .r_l { ./l+ ,-g
q .;L;l;Lu I
.rlr ,.L.^jl 4L-b +j rr go .e ,r- L;c-_ _s i;:._s ;t f" "r-_r, ef
,5 o-_ I ;1 "L!l i-i-X isl l zl .a_,J u, r-_l; .i1
.c*. b -,rli,- ,S et ,".1g ;; t; c1,- ;- lr-,r,
6,-l .1i.e c;1.' { ,tr- L .iK.r,-r;l ,l siL;l L--h JtC:ti )l;l;; ,:;t, e!- tl;l ;1-r, n-Srs A i-*l
"':+..;E o;*
Jt ; rr^+",,r .r** | ,l l, ;>_r,oi- ln ,fK u^ tl +
<!;,..."- ,.-- ;^-+ 6 i.' tSt2 ,!'- u-l ,s-5 rtL . f -r: lrr:,r (;L5 ;,,-l ! 'U+,
" rJl) ,rlr,r, g*!.5 +n lr.r" Ol.l(,_jJ .tt_ ) --t .t-.i\ -5t u_f ,;rL_ I -91*;
,-rAr G..,i ,rl ^l*. u\ ,S:- + l, tt ,tl Ot<3U ,-S- iL-; *, .:*t ,.,Lr,.oi .,3i jr=..r_l 6 cj5 -lr t^: {.\--.l) y'ti. uj .,-.rr ,+S ,-*-r- t. u-.Ll;;. 6.e2., l, .5-'f ;-:5, tl;., l;; KJ,, ..r-l o-r,--u ;y'L' / Lr' !/ (--
rr..r=.- ;i csr
6 Hans Reichenbach
.:)t-:.1 e ,c'Qz;,;'jli fY
$a c'L;-t- g?l ..:*l;s. tl .(rss. Ja- JL* JV(JLS) rr,r;! b lV + 6h 'n ,tlt\.-\a) G-ri lr s,lJInY 6L I rL)l rU o))l t ,jlt g,l .c;b .r:* ]-.- l_,
6-i 19 ;r ".:r;.r
.tf .rtf .--; ",-l
u-;;t * AsJ 6 tr,-Jit379, 4; u, ,-+t S c-l \s"alt 62ra u);;ln ,t:.iS o,I aj t --F Jr .i;1. 6rl.e;: d.r:-:L e;^: b .5rLi, ;r4 '.r;;,; J .;*-J; -+t! q i,iL .u;L ,F-t; 's:r-: cL- ".V
.(.:-+ ).1!!- I i-! I
"!,Kj LLJ" I L+ L<--. Krl s;Iil ry rii.:-. .;i.2r
,,st:. S)- e.l" crq*+Krl y .')' ,JVJ 7l;l ,,..tK)f-r-.rg.. YL ,J,.li ,:!,-, ,l 6 ,-b o.^,o ..:*l ..'U'U; i.UtI L_W r rl! ,l-,-rb t .ir! 1 .:-- .rl.,rlq e ,L;;r 1 e
lr .:.*i l, ar-l ."s; rl ig* t te* .i*:l ,f:-)s/ Jl;lJtS;l + '++ ,J"lS', -i[i- -,L.;r ;"uL:; L l;15;; i ;l;,r,r-b,-r ;L;l cJ,- .;-t, <6.o.!rr pU r, '5 11 ale l -r'-.r ,-'L- i''l!; 1 tsh s;J.l ..1;6i ,r;tr t 1l .gl";L -i ,--.,:) 6)rr5 c*l .r,to;tS ^{ J;- u- ,,6i ;.or .fr l-r-' t- o.bi;l .,+.rt{JrL ,p.-. l-t "r ;31 Jl .-r.nr,r, ;lr+,1 o+ JJ* /J^ J+rj-: t l, 6:1" 2 uSu' rL'-l .91'rt-*t,;Klt-; .; l..l5i Lor l.r,-jr 6,-l .r:jK lr .'r-. r. L9 \,-F! U J.:;5..,,
J2 8 6,l,ul14 i.,t dJl trt ,r'>V:ry;,r^; .-;bl g.oj
llr-",o1 .;--2> .e-*l o , : ': tS -,+ ,S)l-y-t+ drllj'r i-,,!-.7,
t*-- i,lj nt c*l "-;
tK, t 6)rl r- -/_j l{!_l i-" S t))t,r..,1"_ i-il)l 2 ,2)\.c ;_.2: .-+t ,t-l U ..:*l ;i flL.rl F_1 6 ,s ,:J 7.: ,;*;l i-1L-.1r .9L:i l.v, l--h ,r* g+;
r0 ";u+ t epi \il:; j\)l .\
J,_,6 L- { d*l o<-.-r}* d-+ c,v+ri,.,r- .rJL;i;12 3 , ,-.2': -JY + -r--)) ^';;JL rp, .2' ;ri 3:- S3;- 7; ;r-l ;T.;, )l J)laS GUt- xt ,s-l lE;l <y'L;l;,,(- ..:*l .:, -..,-Li d,,,,-l d;l)b (.:*l ,$ "tJ -r* .;.:5 ;r.ni
1 6-tr i{+.,1, l.,1 .+i ,.s\^A.. Jl 6 u--6. t ur r.lrl .:* I
,*=tg ,+,.;lL .c*l ,rJl; 1..*l .5 ;^i 3,- ;V t,-rJun L-lr; ;l\ r' ,s 5-' ,,xls rl c*l c,<- 6t )r.s.a .S_rr.'1 el ,r1l,r..l-.r, r.-5 ;rl11.r Alp l- 2 :|r5, 6*cL_Jl S -u_-6 t-.; 1u*l ;,(- .t_-S ,?- -ttt,".+\J,il.'lji oJ S Ft;-r\ s.,) L-: ;l 2 ,"J uJ\*. l, ;;-u;-r- 44: -u."11.r, JL; 6z- ! ,.tl _- .:L- ,{l -,.r.rL-r 4,:J,-r; J:l is-t -r- L. s t-rK ;* ' + b ,.s -9-" ;-u; .,JL;oS- L JlK-14 .r;;5s, i., l, &* 3 "s-</.uL- ,,i"5
l1 .-r"; .rJ L; .,:.oi ^lr, cL" Jl ^S
)b e.b]; L; ," .:*l;l 1.2 ;l uJl; ;2i n-tsi ')t Gl\:-;! a, L- a-rr -; lr.-
6JLt JS* '" S jtS .u....r .r.; lr; k"-l i." .-IArs, s--r
o,,l rS +5L flra 161., "9[5;
.,r*.r.r! n....tK;i ..Jt,t.t c94.4 ,!V tr- u.-; .,ilJ ,4n ,\- g-;.elr, n5 .:*l."or r.il;l \,_t:le r.:- ! ll, -,,-! K! ,f-r:r
1U .r,-.q..r*l t1
4Sr 3 ,;d ,P;, "91 .:b,rj L r ;;U.p_-.1,
1l ..'21: .,11i; ult \ j..4 .,*l U $ ;;;, ut- ,;.ldl.gL++ .r-r t t{;"- 4 .S r-; 6r-r.r2 1.2 ,"1$li I
.';j..l .91.;l-: ,s-46 tl S c.;,3 n 2 'Ju" \j':Sl t*-.*;t(rl
8 Magnesia
.f)t-:.| J ,oLt.-z; ,n.:-;li W
<.,.--.1 o.r.,_-r,: l2
,r,_tre- .,r,-1 d_ er, .91.r, ;l.r{;ir 'rl:,r, r.Ll 1l .e
J,lrs- er<"..r 3 $rl 4 ,jt t uJV; ,.92; sL l.;
.5t^.rt F4 l; ,715 ,,1 ,,r lr.r, e! g" ..r5 i"_;; l; t{j I
.,. .rl-r! . ':- ..: ;i[5 Jl .9[.-r,-..r, ,st. gai ,slt 6-*,5.-'-* ,st;.rti-, ! .trti-, 3 {.r E rJt:: ts-,:tr5 ;*l .-*;, .r5; JL;l l, .-r-! l;l;;, )i ..:*l -,el;i6 .*1 ,.e_,3L J* e_l Jr,S.,. J- 6.* d6rl a.,L-"i ,J-_ .6i ;l ,r- i1;- 2 i 2 s;ls jl f.-;6,l ;ri ,f t.:1"_ .c*; CJ- ;ii ,,;;_ly .:rb ,lS V S +"&. +lto;+.l rf pL. si 6'f .-L..;r .2-ri'; L.o Ll ,; ": ,F* ,st*
.r"Jt; G_rE str: 6tf a)-e slS--ri,\ e :- *. I, U 5r- .,I.rfu .5 ), j?l i, 6-L_tl )l Jl dl .rl',.6; e-b' r,rJL;r ;_,1: ,+ ! \;r- ,:-ir, -Lr-r, ...,lF lr'il ;*.1 O(- S.f J.- e" lrr t=-rfL-: + +J 6-*. e?, \ s-*-l_t,l Jl Ul:,4i:,; )Ve5 .,")JJl- ;)r[... .r-:.; L cels ,t-l ..ur,r. r.illl ,r+ lr,d
Jq ,3 trL " Llll ,8,r ep; l, ,rJL; .9 t"q.j l!.6i.rl rr e5.r.:;t ;J ;.,L dilr.:*l d,<- r(1., ,.1;,r;8 ;,a 7n '-, g*1, c*l ;,(-;l.ri;p r3; jV sr:--vl: .-ui .4Un ^t .r 1.1.. J" .5kil ., -u; L all, ;piJL iyL;r ,s-S-"
'S * cr,ly .r! L ;*l 6(- 1l rr.r_5;;.r,
w .t.,.;=r ) ePt' tilt ii)l .\
1 - *", 't*; t, ,t5i I ,c;l.r; :3o. e ..,rt(.l )tj rf -5 ;,,_1.r.;
I ;rl l) s--ij cii ,tJl gL ,*-t;r )i .r3r Lgrr-));l ;, x-L;. e5 ra; b 1., t,p u-l \1 ;ri;U;(;; ..r5,r,
r(i-l) ;21.r- .c!t5. r, J=,...tr ,osr dJl M rl to..r,_q
,(r3, o;i &3 ;;a;*l kJF:. 6r ,s, jl;L-o ;11r'
Ly '-V-;*l ;,(- ^.-+ : u-,..!U;- e;L+ lJ:. .ri-,-l6 -ur .3-lr' Lrl t ,+- -h d.p_l ..u^r l.? ,g.r;l ;l ,g;u-Llts-t jl + lt ;.21r- 5 -,;1r- , Jlt€ lJ FK. .9j;l rlr ,L:;r, .re; o.rb -* 6jtl rl.ul r.' Kil .r:* ,r/.1,"+,Ftic,-r lf "rJ tt_ts + brl )t $+ fxL ,sjtl ,.,*t ,t_l
sj l Ll l;sJ )4a \rJl 6V .,-yU A- .:l ,.5 -t cryt,qJJS Jllt.i;S r";3- ii Gt-.4. rxL,V- 6,_ I a,,_::_1r
."J o- cLS ,r- L;,.-*_1 -1r
.9 QJLi r.91r, G*t e.';el ..o lr.r J ,r\e le o4lt
.-r,oL:- rr:r d l: {r+ ,., q.SU oi $ u. El; l; L 'i .-uL:;
g"\: .21:e;.r.jL.i dn,.+ uiL- rl"t-.-S s+ L+ r;l.rJt;;t ,p ;,1 r, [rL; L r*i L .r:-; b ]V L Jl ^S .:*l
t)tpG.
l. (r) (Px:Qx)
2. Pa
3. Qa
.x e.s- f rf L- :c-l Jr.-!l{+ JtU 4 Jtl ;)lJ
1tr'Ji .i--^ | Q .:*aL; ,-51;1, .t5;l ,-u:, L P ..-...oL; .91-2b
;h- ;l 1r i;lrS .;> .;*l P e:...a|; .91;b a ",, ". S +-f ,s;-_l .; I O c _..--E ,9121: a .u; 6 e--5 rc r--:; .,, l-r:,1
.:YL.r-l .e ,irl'**i ,oal:ri Y?
L l;rl JL S tj.; ,.,,-ti GtE 1l .;*l r-1i a. oat a+.
crb'{* pL-;l I 1l;l .s., o'.Jl .!:! ;l::l ,;:-.aj L- c"-F.-',.1: +>S to.-r,_4 g,_ I ,slt ,,-f ,ssls t ,S er- t Jl.--) + l, .;-L-,r.tL,t.tt- ;l rgr;as Jl S;;3n;-t';-; a" l;;i Jl S, ,su*tr;.,,! r-*6t ;,-t t_ra uoYrJ 6-t; o.!_/ p Ul nU\r,..!j r+ttrl ta,. ,9,{-t "uoV
5-_.n ,./s-;*- { e ;l lt ;i Jl .'..,T sl3-.r,;-,l ,a;U "$;f:.i )-i5 $-rr. t"ae ,,:-it )l ,.t f Lt;r r5.l-r.url;;ri:il L ).i5 oalt J J1,"a,.,I-.1Lc ,,- I .r5.r. .ur; s; l..r-:,
..r11,r, ;L; \ ,rVt l4S ,r._&. L + c,yly a.t ttj ;t a. Jl p_+-1 .;r' ,lc,;L_r, gly 6A.l J* , J1lt ul + Ly.t .gl-o.-r,-,i, i.-o
'!.91.:J lL;l eF ,ilC U-l + tsh a> .-!!-..a
p<L A* :3-u; ai5l Ull .S;i e( ,.,r3, rii.i. L,t r. F Crtl, )l j.! .t Ers-.1,U .rr_r. ;;U r ;J:;lb'-S ,s-*.j2 y ,# 4j+; 2 tltu; gb2 l.; ysp3 ,=& r:li rr. ,-f,-':1, o=..t + :-S ts- L r1 -r'-'ra .9lx5U
+ r,l .fr! )) .,;b I SXL .;*l .-u dLrl.cr-lt u.lt9 rS-r=
;I ;t: ): c*l .r,5 nWl I ;G-->; + .s j:. 6 -t.r h,51 e*;l ./-J./ rt el ;.r-ea ,r9- \ C a,-u jt* l-t
.Got +; cL_ > +
.;I5 r ,r;J: I 1r* Jt d rr5 JY-r--- l .r l:--ur
!r-r.i4i!) ,Sll Ct'_4 it-; -ra+ r.5.r1r+ ;.,. ;L L::,;-_;
a,,l l- i-L .*-* '--U=-1 p.o ,L7;i r:L .,- U-;*_r drjli\ ,.s-t,-F d;1, c;L(,,;rli l; L pp ,-t-l Jt S ;*l
,4
11 s+e.j.:i t e:ati ta;lt Jtj)l .\
1 5U cJ,_ - .r; b c-...ir. ,:)"-, ;L,- .rl:r; .:1,_ t4i i-,rr, ;-.:2b r9.'.9 - rr;-L.r tj 5U .4_ r ,- :1,
.r_:r U eJu_
r -u.l ! .5;LI ;*l ;,(-^" ,.,e- U :1ly jl cfr!^*: -,,Jt- .s l,r ..r*l JLj-l t .r+"+ ,-.tso .t-l ..,, .Jr*le+t 6-,-.i9" c..:lr )l .;j 1.6 n-5. p ,, lz.rl:.:lrn,lr! lr,p "--&. .nli,,r; jl .r_.7 b ;i5 s 7 6;l\ jii.r r+J-r--,!t ol-t\ Jt-.t lr_r (+l oA +V a{ ,-r,_;! ,ral;
.r5.r. '.ru- C*l.r1l: .r9,-'. -9 ,4 ,f"l t'u{' ut:*;:, -,2r ,c-..:- ,.-r" g, I
5l; ,+ 1 .g,,Li ;;U r.- ,u*1 ":12, i)rlg AJ o-UlJl-t ,Ss -:Vt iiYL:-l j siL-,,;L.;r ! 6l;u. ua;; Zrl2:
t ,Sil +:1.r,-1; eli 3 t* trt".ls-; )l Jl .'S AoA,;lLr '-r--:
L o-_l ;-;l;n ;lr- ,; .lK -ul; L .4rr5
aJl .-rari:r ;ti .r:5 l.e .r+- 'lt r-f u\;s;ri ,;r. uz-;,-;;l e ;-l Glr L-:t, Jrr ,rJ;^-" u,:r) sJ+ G-Uil, ) oilret p lr.r, d e;i .J-L lJ, Jt .7_:l' r^KI f5,rl.; ,;+lr,t_ 1 ,:.Llt .J-LJ lrr ,r-: j u-l + n 3 { ,r .-.,..i L";
t I :JrJ cl rU-, !;L;.: .,YL=l d,j lt ! OS'. .+,r-r.$a ,s-|"^-t
;L.u ,r.'-E:-l ;l- ,c*l Jr.-;k+ ;L;U ,5,rerL o1-U Jl .g-ttr 215 r, a:iL: I u;la5U Ut-..-*.1 ,1t 1,
.9-t,S +.iYL:-l L ft + 1,, s-*' JLr J"-! .,,;U .5-2Li
dI d'5L r.a, )t 6r' aS t-$- ;*l o5- ;;t, :t e- ,911
,; .l r,.- L; JI osL .5 rk+ lr ,sa* Jl .c*l .! . ,.^-L
,;-li s-_t oLt,, ;t;o,r! pt!t, ;_, &; ;t ):
cr!l-:rl .; ,c,l.:'+bti ,dli fA
l;: )t)r/ rK t .r-*.-*," ,sll f t eft ,sD at .rl';-
"p;l Oa 5U .eft :.13,. y .c*l d,JLi! L rl.;b c -''-i3"
6i ,r, t.gtr.rtJ 2l ,:1u::- I i+ ;rl-r;Ll L .1 c*l ub,.:r c .l ,r-5U Oa ,d:.rr+, t-2.1t .1: 't')gf e*t l)
r^..- rr r.l-l ,l 2 ; l r;*;b Pa 5U e ;;li ,rl,- l{.tj .dL-iU
eJU ,r,- -r.-; L or-i ,.r-rL- r-:,r Jl 6;- oa ,S g-f rr;lx l, ;2lr- tl :.,1 ;iU Jl SU '5lt )?€ .?t*2l4i -s: 8 ,sl,ru 4 ,p;- s"r'. r15 + ! e, ,-'2lr+ \ r1laL- 2
.lrlr Jzlr.';l s ;lel.r;l S €n 6l';:i I .:- I .-Li dt..u;U -;.l.r .r:L! ;ilrI ,l L--- -r,-t
,,*l ,g>lt-e16ili;: :,-!L;U 5Li ,-;ly )l ,S.tVe; _
.5 c.*l Jrr. g,-l ,r, :(.9.rn i/ "lt (+ L+ Ju'; [.) oi!-l .,;.l
cJl .lr:..,r -,15 a, <te9;Lin ft, ft+b 4-l 49, -2s l-l tt.511,-r-,--l ij l-r
.nt -,5 4.;"LrlJ 1,.:.-.,- p+r. dt 't"b l) ilt Ul e5 '- ,; 1;':l
(-ct + 1*.5U [ ;Li"-^ iJ-t; c5U :-21r";l 6]'-'2.s:orlr ! ,il-;- d:. !l ::l ..-r-; J +. JV $l ,>.s's'o.
;l u-.5; l !l :'ljl l- ;$Urkjj ,tl .'jrr t -ts- et-S.rj rf ;rto;rb ,--llr.- !-uL!'
.;Li-l e-rS;, c*l 4,<- .r"5 l;;U.: .3V J--: '.212" ;t,l I jl 5G -u; 1 ,r* L-:; l1 ) J;lti o.LlJ .-uL .rLil
CU:L I lr gr-_rU l;bt;5U r+ sl,. ,.r Lty e1,_,.r;rb
o.'til ,-;1".; I ,;;S 2' ;V; I | 62t-t c*l uS-, ,r+L r:5
F* ,* cslnjF qsrj -.11 c*l gS- e-VO4 .$t ,.-r.t-
,t*z g- -sl ,y) ,St-t J .rlt-L )r) rrt+ l-j ;: I xi nl-,e./ )lS I kJ l- u-l i-t 42..st b <,r;.,+,1 L)12 6. -,>e.
Y.-p
"|';lr*,1
.g.;t-l .:Xkrl e
;,,-l ll ,.,--r,-: -rKl ,J- l, & ,r:le 421 ,)) J-^; .1:
6114 ,gla)*, sl9,-c t. or'-222 J "t ,r: rJc r, n-5. errlt-,;[5 r, arlk; L .tk5l, .r.i.r+" I o.u a;; [ ,SWl; e-ya+ -, ..:^i L_ .;r ;,; l.r.r al + cli"r t-b. j.*. JG .xsta.+:. ,b.,lt aJ,_ ;;l-r.o * ;Lrlii.r I ;: l; .r'; 4l;u' ,91+-\
;r,rl ;l.;lsL; ,.sV t ,.r:lc i"-o r5 t; b.r, .uJ I :f:;lr,
d rJ"Jn'J.L.)rlr ,Oilt 9l .rJj"o- .1.'1
U +- .91o..r,-n
-,I-r.-rLi ;l ^5 $u" r-r" l-,7 L ,:" q .[St, dl- ;l.r,r5,r. ,! l.) ;^J ,,^:t : p S ;+le * l.j5U *;'jL:-) I ,?- at\L.l;r 5;*l Jl;- oU, u.\ \y*-t
..:*l ,:9 rt- drf-l
+ ,)S ;t ..,-F d eJ.,, --[ ,-F I r];-l lyl J:*l.t-te ,F , j..* ;l o-E'er "l i-l 6 f L;, ,rt:r/ jr;YY"r*l ,.-,"L+ r, ..*.1 ,.sl,r-SJ/ ,r,-lJ.,L o,-l dJl
c.,)l-:rl -e ,.tl.z'oZtt ,OJl, f .
..:;l -r..a.2r )t o--t .,,r:l .L- JL:-l dU< * .SjLi
.91r, c*\,,r':/ y',r cs l.r r5 )J.iU L-6 G:uL:. S .i; L; r:"5t
*112, oS Ir.J.r o,-i')Lil L ,+ .;*l l:\:: ,:4t: J$l; ;, ,r3;-, \'.;r.t .i*l F ck*.r*_ _r p*r,,. ,.L;l,tl:t ..1 ..:; t6.- ;;lri 2 ;l:'-;K ;luL:- .,,Llt .u LLr-,r.
,L__* .r_l 6,13 aS ;;L-.2lrj*;.11 c*l O(- ,r- ;L 2r -r,_.,7 b
I J: - c*l f--' 6L el'ileeL;,.r - +! .l5i 11.'.,71r.d
.rqiU jl a.o L ril: ..; l;l.rr^; ,rr-l c'-ia;. I L:-. .5't'.c "f-c'
t:;l; u. aS 4*u. ,,f;: qglo-ui .-uLt- ;li-b;l € s.p612.. 6,1*-\, j sr* y'z;:.grLl U- ,.1 .--l\.- dlg cty +
u-:a:.. ;l :l sgrlzl "|-r. J" ,-r.:^;! ,;;bL .glX:SU .r*i""1-
Jn, u .t cil ,1-Lrt*l & u ;",*, rr.r,., .,.:* I ,5^:c.il'oJ)t)
fl rr_rl-i oYL:-l r .ll:-l .Y
.-bt- &_rt jl .r( ,;5u ;/ A. ,s\'dJ r5 4b.r,)r bt
,3 .l;lirr. CrLi ok+ ;rUJr JiU dtr- ..:*l F e,s -ft-' ,,1 -u; L c*1, ).1 d"_ Jl ../LjJ .rtt- 7 -:> ,6rr ?r_,,:. .4$cr+ rl,u;;l ;;U 6,_ I e9 c*l ,s-e-s *:*l ; b *rl-r..; Ll ,.u-;;"_14.;.,'. Lt;.tt ,r!.il! r;13" .t33u^,y.- ;.,5-Jl ^S
J--rS,r^ ,,s jltt JiU .rL_ .;*l ,L_L..,. o(- ,,lr.
.;r,r,_lr:;l ri L;lrl .rr,. -ro 19.- prS :-l ,S s-1, +.rr+l.ril.r/ JrJ Jr-rk+.,-rU rl:- r, 1..1 el o.ri o4r a3rU,..;-l
l-.- tp) t )l ,:/t I .9q213, rl.n- el .:*l ;*,7r.y,-l rJl
sl;l ,g;216.r_,21.t .rK-l .-*l r3-i--. ,-ui; ouL-L "t-:l
..^1, tr9-r-e*. o-r! I .2 +..:j5 lrkjLil :l L'; .-.2 3,.a u\ 2t:t11 u- j:r.; L- ;i) -,a lr ;e 1l ;L;l r5 rtb; Ll, Ll .rr -r.r l;
.e.L ;(- ys. ;.tV G -,2'r e"5'; E g,- I r5 cJ .r,-L ;.,,- ly lir5 L-; i rl ,-u^:! rL-; ;L;l-r-oL; .,1.r.; -o rri f Js .*t
.)Kl & l; nJr^;[x-r ,-"U .r-l .r; l;; ,c*l :.e.r-..
.rL-lr 6 L;i U I .rl.' r.lrl 1;- ;l-raL; + .1 l;,rr r=Jl
gVlr :.a.r. ''Fl
,rJ r ;+' \Sl'* ,12 lX; I c*l o<-,*lt * ;l;4 ei .:*l .-ul ;L;l ,.r.ii.; i ;;U 6,-lrl A t&.<..r1 ,L.r .-tLl ! c;l ;;tr ;,.1 .;;b rLjtl )-t5.ri)tb "\-it i,.ly .r_-r,i=1 u9 S y::.cs" € * +; Jl Ul
6,--l e-u"-o .; .l ..u: ,r-.9.,rj ;l.uL;d>r Flb 4r .ri -i::5 ;l ,lW ,94e.
!j)-\,,, rl-!.j u-Ll,lr-j 6 -:;lr .r_5,19 .1K.1
l:!L:-l , ,;l|^--bt .dilrt f f
'4 ,l.i-l )r :rt)s. .). + ,f ;l 6 ey 6le- ,'-.;l',-r- | cr:: s* k ;l S t tS -t-E .r.21.: :.9-..1 .j.l;- ;Y':l-u-l8 t3;, o' ,r.'1, , L:.-l dJ* .d*l ,tS J-J r:l.rj,
"!U.er,,L .ir,* ;l ..:*l ,
-&: pi 4 LU 2:,1 ic-"| , ,.tr;(_.
)l .:*l s,LaL 7r ,s tV .,',J.Li lUili ,.U a, ,l*. ;;lril.8a oi* ) i:-l ,slJ
"gr-r,,i. -r.c lrj I nll i*l Jl-l
1\S * l;<u-:lrir-l JY.u;lr i;1.1 ef 1ls "-1
).-* ";2al{! ,,".,l.t ,l;r orl;-* l t.s7,t, 7},Lnl J-l ^t e -?S + .f-r..t LLI r5 .-*l JY-ril ;l o.f (t -, bt 6 :B ua-;-;:
.1b ;31-i,- .,"l.:
6Vt 6 ;' .l g,l r:6. Cl;,r ,S l, ,-:I ,51-r- .-ur[
.; .l J[--:- I ;l u..-V grr.9l;l: t-,-- ,;LaJ.1l .9 ta>i
-,1- l, Jl;-l 6,_l )lrL ))- "5 n-Jrr L a, jl Ji-l ;J",;
'L John Stuarl Mill, A Systefi ot Logic
Y0 dJl-l .r'JUi-l ylJ,i:-l .Y
, "r; J- d:- ,,,,_-r:*-r ,* "t.y ,tt_ * Jl .,r; [_ r5,r" l,c,_l ;,riLi,l ut* , s.* ,t g -'; t a;'-l * > *, J re.rr. L ;;U
.t-lSlu' j_,r Li ,ra I +_'U ..,, ,, af -r,_i.r, 2L; 1
.rJ,Lt.!_rl'. -t? u-U;l 61r, rg:xi." art,t ults;*t a;)l
o-yt" Jl .*-r! L;. ,t(-l -r- L- -q! -'11e. L .;*l .,r,-r,
,=* -F ,ls. U'.t .lJ- -r,-qj .,.=^5 ;-U,i '-, ut t, r- LUI,f.N,s" )l; \s*)J ,r. l, ;lrJr 1.r .:._ l.u ;;G Jl .r,:l---! Kl .--! -r-,:;bir- a rr-r'1. ,Lr+",t jl ----J .,jK;[:* Lrl.,* ,.:.--,; 1,, ,JLJ ;t;li .:*l o5.* 6 i-,1 b
;;2; ;l2,*:1 l+!_r ,,., .r:a. ;tl .r-! l- ji .:.-j( UJ J LJ-)j.".6 Jr 4t -5f +SU l;.Jl ,r-l l.€jj .;;l.l,, f-rF .r--L;ii- t i.',..a ,ssl', ^ 2 tLe y 6q+,-r1, L -r,_L l2 a_r.; [i ,rrlr.:-J .2t t.1 4'!o t29,.!-;l .l;13, )l ,s,:a't )) ,-5;_L;, Lj,l
6-)J 6lJ X:. .rJ ;L l-, Si -,,-! F-. -'11.r, -,7, .,.*!"rl, fL-l Kq ,l-'J o; fJ fL*l JLr.q .r,; lr.- tl ,'l ,y[i.>;tt t;;-_r. g,,_l ;_Lri l,_l- jrrsl etS d.c pf *t;L_t- o+ Jt .rrsi.r-l .r-Li + l) t'r- ,r-t) ,s*, 6;--L .2,.rLr ,;L lt ii + s e S !; 3Lr; l, .,--U;i
.;*l ; L-o J.tl rl)r- ,.-LrJ, -^- L L,, ui oi ,'rJ " )-': Jtr Jl J.^, usJjlt! L_J
oltrl (f:S rr" ,-r+"r-:,, ;i-ii" \ S jr+ tl; L-) t biGrrrL: ,-99r jil" r5nl oB A4 q t.j q ,-5 ;L, ,:.S.t<r t) i " | . /A;i *--i; Lr. U< ),t ; l;,r, rra,-L c*r L- ;*laf '^; A ..*l o)r e-'., rrr. l4;- l:- J'_l ./1 J'-l
n-,-U L'.2r, YL j.> e5 \t ^+'I :;*l ,L- rl5 o,- I a5 c*l J,- I
c.r)L:.'l -1 ,c,|.,,*)i ,dli tf
;i rl .r,_l; ,c*l ii;- Ll,J,-l; ,9 _2lrir; <ji;ri ;;l.e;l uVz );:-.r/ Lc5r ,,.r1-L-, i;1.1 JL-:-l 4 k- q! K! ,,.,7rl .r! { .r*+) ,yr-;;Lil dlJ,
"*1, O- +Jl S c*l ta-i I ,=JL
,L=.+ rt5;i -;* ;1.-l ,:-,lri .r3.--..1 .,;rU (';l"r +51 .r t-.-i,:5 l2;;U ji\:;-;_2e" el,_ d.:*I jtJ k j .; .l s;l,rL.!! ,L .>-1y, Lleu. ti 1-4V r,1j" c-L_ !.::1., .Jl .Fj.p-! ..1.9 JJ st* 1 q .-:u; .r^t"Jl '-,rLl .;r.:*l ;r(-rLU\ ;;lr ,_F ,Kl ,;l-r, 5li 1.,,,4f 'r, ;r,_l Jl ll;j O.r^;! P .u, f n# L- ,rg
"l* .,,yU Jl .:-u. t+i;i tr ,d^-+ Q e ;*l P 3 r.S ))tu si:i+ 't(l 1 .-- ^
liU 4 J,.tS cF".r tsD r* rt b;:. d-,r .*,.r &6,1 .c*l .-u-* .,i ,-r- 6lr, jnl::. ,;e" eL- )s,d^+ "/6Jfu J, ,c*l ;Li ;-rU 4- ',; .c*l ;21":.U L-9 t.';3.
.# r,:t- L_t lj ol .: I
,!*r *... ,rlt Jl s4-., Jit" 4 .u_l; n ;l;u. rp!; o;U .l5ii ,.'ri lu uj* t..2 e" Jt ,r.5.-r,nL; l;.e,1-1
* tltrr. U-l e c*l ,-,rt rr:L- g1l ;;-lJ .i- L1*.r. -g-L
;iaJ,L- ;*l ! l11* i." .1, U r) j;! ,>,-; ;L .-r" e[_ "$-:;
-rs^ L:;i L+i I I .rJ a.r lr,'- c.*, L:-t it_l;r!1r,,r _,!
,;yU 4 .pL- 2r ,'lJl ;U 6 eS ;;1rt, ^3; J-l r*li,6 t ! l-, ,6 rt-ts J*I ji.r4t t -.* t.tt t ;r/.+_t riS t --$ rr ;; l-e .a-+r.,, fWl ,r+.r-:. ulL;, .i'"r; ;,r,t | ,t- .Pa ) Qa ,a ,.- J"_ Jl j! q,.i I jl !x)(px -> ex)
1.,, (,.*^r.r .rL! a c-){r I d)l)s,_l!'l sl5.Yl,r; ai c,..1 g,_ I
\a Lr* '!l ;,1 t -* rs.t .t- ,-r.* .6 l-r P c...-aL;
fV g.,2Ll cr)L:rl yL.i-l .Y
;l2l _;: .:J l.rl .-.1L 6,_l , sfg. p? | ,j-;S r).r.:: ,,L.r,;J.e | ,rrr-)LY.e.r or.:- *.3.r; 6lK-_y , bl)*l) a/ ;L!;.212.1 6.F L_-h;r-1 .;;K 7:-r.r_l t C+rr t, J..L t;112t g1l l, ;l ,;l; u. t y u;14t. y ,r.lt o\: r, d,YL:-l
..: :L eL15,, 'UE i.',/L-.r- I L* l*. r1 el*){5 ;1.s.2: -l- ..1;
orl ;r*l cJr; t 6)\ti)),.gj!.-rU A-;l .r-t- .rQr!s e5 r_e-.r, ,r, tj l+!_ I ;l *_);" ;,_l *r (lt _2.> .r)ut
"Lil_, d .r;r' alr; ;L l;;,1-2 r,_L 1 rorLrJ _*,:l j!_,l.j
r, .ru5 e* L- ;.lb r, .2.r ,r"E .sh_r! 6 l, ;YL-l 'Uil.>
* L_-h I /i ).:" L)r oa;t- J:l- L, "-,.h; .rl ,:-/ u_l
.pV \r u-L_ rr. d ./)lF d,:+ a) ;l ,.fil,r>|1 .;l_,,a,.;j )) .-\-;Jr: -.:...; ., I l-; ,r*, Wi * g-1. gla gl-,<,r;L:rr .-|: L- ,rs. t, 6 ,x:.s9i :5-2 e, l-'1 rr;LJ; i* L-rr
.rt /:tJ )S /"
ij l.e jl ,rrlr .r r3 I, u{-x i,} ,s ,:lri,l ;r,-l ; );:-.rbt5 ;, lra ef -r;.'1.' tlll jt-7 la; I :r1 ,ra n;':t[.:- br
jl ;*l -,rLr. JL-l .re.2,r,;15 a, ,r,1.:u,l olL-l .L- l-,i-r^; d./- | pt* ;5- r..7lr" r l-r'.; + ,./JL 115. rl-r.",- ,--iu-V 6,-l Jlrtt-1.1 ,ti ."t-tr/ tK e, orL Jl;. .'1, ). J,l--
"!)t5 i,_}; ,-;l nt;.-..- -r,_! er L_.:,.)"-,Kil ,-;L; .1.1-r l;
L-l- 'S.r,YL .r:-_ .r;b r9q.1 <..,jJL1 JL ,; .l ;'_l g-!JL ";; oV ti1 f ,St-, .L;Sn !c,_l 1.,, JIF -2r orl; r!
3. Thomas Bayes
5 Pirre Format
4. Piede Simmon de Laplace
2. Jacob Bernoulli
,gte'r+l;; - lt+
i,!L-.'l 1c,G,a-bi ,o;lri 1,
.!l .= .i-*l ;t- ;)L:--t ,b il:-,1r 1i l.e.i.
.-r:l+ l-: n.,jiti ;YL-lr, ,r,^. .5; i ;3- .'rl:.;
,51 :c---.3 J:.-.*. ,lr+ rK o.,l lriu, .riL;l l; tjil:.1ri ,;'il-:rl -ib- 1l;l at "..',-L;.rYL.:-l ^-L- .sQtse5 l!i;', 'U* Ut .rr*+
"ljU ,c*l <.rJ:.r Ui rt ,1
.rq-U ! lr lrii.5 ri;l: r3,-.1 ;yU.:. ;Yk-l 1r.r, LLI
.;U .St .f+r'/ -r.- rrjti ;)L:-1,, e ,r.5-.1Li ;YL=l,ror; rl5 1 ;.1Li:. ;,.;1 f*b tt + <,.-':/l '^ lrriil: 6 c I
.shU5 j, 6 )\.. 645r;;l L:i .2,;,,-l u2 2-l; ptc ..42- ot.,*l ,l.r;-ll.: re;)l.ii.e ptt ;L-L
;Yt --br ,rr;;!.i ;'!L-l,t aj,L..l.9L a" ;l;11 .r.ol5
(t J ;l i---l ,'r l.' .,Lii:c I .-,.r? ,(16. )S r. lzn.,-Jl iii I
)l pj)- .t-re )S a, jl ii*l J'J-r;l ;r +l ;*l;YL-.-l4 .--+ cxly I k;5U 2l J'J-r;l $rrjl,a*l JY*-[r
.r.',- ,Jrr! ,-l u * 6;*l !Y-u-l I iilt )r..,)q-e !r,- I
4:l sW 5..,-*.l; ;l .r.ol:. ; t s ro \..++ ;i -,rr .5,-rJY-r-. I
;'iLu-lr !t+4?r.> ! ,_! l, ;Y)-r*l o+i +;; J.rLc* -,rL.; d;-l ,.51r, .,-5 "! u.,il,--l ;YL":-ll t- (J.L!
ry -r,r le- t* ), ;rt).grLl ;YL;-l .1 ;)L=l 2; ;.,-l
.rs.i- -,)lLbl L,j::z;-_rl: + J-+, sb Stref*I5 j"-.r.Ln )-5.,- ,):tl 3 ,;YL*l :'--b ,)tl,,,4-92t. ,-fl- .-r; ,r-r-9.\i f-aJ++ J; , ,)t;.s' ,-rJl;e c;; ;I i)1, Gtr..iJL,, 5 ,j, cS ,jj (\ V . 0 -\ tDf )
fq crJUi c,Yl-:'l ylJ4:-l .Y
tVJ &\ rr) r) j! -,_;-*a.! I 2r J, +"+" rr1.r., L- JL;,1))
J-J; t )t) r ,,+ €!-yi ;* a5 ;.b ,l.6ll .9.e .n_|"-ul
.,-,,"1"-:n"+99t:*l
-sl o:24 .;: aS ;-i tL q91 ..--; b f" AF-t ,fl,r-l ;rl-orl-i,.e;11 6-.. t C )L3l lL" .rt a Cli"/.:L 1113.
6it 8 r-:-&. r1l;.r il .r.,'* oS- .srL- -,-h + It
c;l ;,5.* 6, el* ;) *. ,"1 [.V r.,_rl;l..," lro r l; .glK-6* 6y .i!_ t a5 -^..* .;r 1r ,rIJ: .rJ. ,!i! L: l_ *,,_ I ;r -,3 l( .-.J .;-r rr .rIJr ,ar-lr="r t Jst l^4 G:-t+r 3 a)\ a)t A:a),^ )l -51 s -3-" "I ;:
* e :uL. ojv;jl!l lpt; 6r.e eL_ -,1;:l Jti-l ,r-<, ;rS ,,.,r ).d_ L4;r, b 6 ,** + ,-*l J-_' e;i.ep, -,G;l JL:-t\l- ;\ I r',_l 2r ..r;: L ;15- i^:- .9lrr: , .11-r,l _e _1.f-;
JL? ^ a5 -rar.y arl:r ;; Lr .; ,.r o.:.';; o:221r, u.9.1L- rtS..lu
;1 .rI; ,r l, ;YL:-l .i__r, .rl ,,. :lF d!*)5 ; t5:t-_r, ;laVSl .rS .r-)J t r s 3y Jsq l"t 2\S+ f-' :;le",,t ) !L J<+ ,-t_K__rl dl, .<!_ I JLj-l -u; l-r, .r;_.7.,.-1- ,.1.,.-*l ;ri- riq .rj F.' JU c-1,_ L- ; ..;, 1,;ll ,r*g cr_,L:
",; l+ ,.91r' I j-:i;r"lrl ;Yt--. l e( -i;.rL r,Li -r,_t qi-l;
.r;5 r- L- ^^:.,=*V 7tu>j' ,*lS <;lil a.or 4l3n ,tS cL_ ,gly t-1u" ).r_-
6. Richard von Mises'+ 4 7r.t g_V'--l t : ;r;t,.li: ,l *= L$l dlr Y
Richard von Mises, Prcbabttity, Stadstlcs, and frut, (New york, Macmi an,1939), and Hans Reichenbach, fhe Theory ol probabllity (Berketey, Calif,University ol Calilornia Press, 1949)
\
c-,)l.u..l -1 ,c't ,=z; .iili fA
t- -r* r rr 'Uo; ,<* t2\' + ,-p rrlr, --*l .r.2rr;.(-
e5 ;*t ;._ I ,+4 , ,St,llj-" .? l- t- t_ .--, ^- t 4..l;;! 4 q -2, ,-U l5 rllr JL:-l
,lJ + jl Ji ,;.:r 'Ji* .tL-)t5 6Ku--; K.r, .*"!. tr.'21j" i..r
^S * ,i:J- -r,L ;'il.-^ l dr- L- jl uVL'n u:rq
u)L\ -12: rl.' ,, 'lr--"t! j3Jl .d"b-. ,9 2l- ;3L t' uS-
pF. P.r , t € i--* l-,.rYLj-'l a-r lj,-.r. .,--l"-,l,jl
611lS) ,rl elt , .ftr€ rl5 r l; rr"l-;-.. ,9tl -. ,rL *n
01 ,-f:--.t 1 gL-r.-,|: .r-l ! l-, i--,* it-l "!)5 !JJ.L
n65-- .51L- ,rt .r, ,-! .:; ly i--o aS r::f afl ,.r,|.f,;l ,,
"l.a 1r pN,+ uu:t- .1" | ! ,F 4i, x d./_
I .rr!u.trk.t ..f.- br Y3,* b Jel J'-l ,;2tl .* i-i ,(.,, isl..j
,JA i)t ,el .s! I lr.- 6 -ul L-; r-*l 1-: ,rIJ.: Jt.s-to,(* .srL- ,* ,t, ts9- p tt-l .i-(i .;*l ,*; !11 g f--:
.r:lrrti-r.-. ar=+ u,_ I .tL15 r4c 1r ;)l^;l ,Ji.- f Io-r- ;,_.1i J4*)5 ;r"- 1 6,8 .r.at-, L_k ,L r,*5l .-.rc*l 6,_ | ..r5..r, ..1+ .F 1 l1 L a-3 I Jl;* l,6;- J.r .c*t.91, - ;)L.:-l j, 4-y5 i-* - *- -h a,,,1 .J-Ll L_i 1'
.c L i* I SS y'c *.V.;f *.9-r;1 .gr[ii:; I 66ti) t:.i) t:)1 ,r>;e ;] 2:
btrq) e,\1Y' JL re'r- ,i--". b; -.7r.-u:; o.u; d-L-15
,L o, i-^,-u. r, J*){5 "rrl )-b aL--- lr r-tb na s ,)-,--p{.4. + +! L)} l,; <rr9 2t* gl(-lr a5 ;K t t=. .,",tu:ir5 ,Ui:l
d\ .g,,t" I dr)L:'l ylj:-l .l
cir.u:l: e dl'JjL ,SVa^-. 2: 7 1V.;_l; 2 y7y
rr , ,,ls 4lr. ;1V;4 u!, uU, )- x.,YL^--br .::_-Fcrrr.;JL -r,.L- l ;l ;L;rJii .l-tl' p.2r l_; {{g:- r.L-l
6c1.1
.uji JL 1r d ;LJ ,l.u iti:; lo.,lr_erL ,1, ..1
"15 r l-r.;
rr.51-J -l,.L-,r ;l ;rl2 $:- r;rr, J* jc1 1 ')al o) .1:
Xi .c*t 6-)t ))t 6 ,s j.r-, j;*r a, ; ..1 r-rc ;,-l e;-;
"-I.n;l ,-rJ y'L
"|5 r 1..r.;
\ rSt-t d. ;-r- I J[-;'l ;l ,.:-,r"-a uzt x_5 at )ro-_ | .ri d-+ u,-; Lt;tt -b"r, olL ,,r;u. o\L uoy;.,.,r1., Jt 2: 2 l; ,L;,-9'2K;.' .rq-U K.lC ,-i5 ) lr JLj-le o..u g.,215;-r ..,-U U_l y I tS4vrl 64t; 4 ,fSg- L. .r.' .u*t tJ e(Jq ..----? i:Lr d- ,, J,_ ;r,i ..11;-- t
;i a.; Ll :c L-u; "9;15;-, o\L _s, 31.;1, Jspr ,r3;u, ,iS
) rl u-* cL- ;-r-.i JLi-l rS lJi;-. o. .rs-J.t t 6 t-bi-uir. er ;r_ I ;l 2t 4-l 1L;. t=in r<!l ,glrl 4r!u,2rr, .<,*lcJ,_ .,i .2 :-5 . tK; ;i "rlrrr .F ;* 1 -r,_! ,c^-..a ;.11.ir l-r..; ;;lrrL_ ) \SJ-) J.V ,! *+ ! "5 ;*t .,,_r5 ;-U;i
';s. t\4t k5, rt-r..;, !*i! c,^^+.,
l, .,.U r! * d ,-h t t.-*l ,rr|5 itt oV ,\ t+F."; ,s,g;)-ie JLi-l +-l --L e! rt, "r!. ;i )t s tJr.-*;r Jel Ja;,; 6 '.5 -l;;U Jl L-l .;*l .- f, tl
{tr -5. .t -y, ir -p) ,t'-r{. e*l 65- ,'r, '-a;; ltJ u'Slt ,tn-, -*U rl, -r.- .;*l );t -;,: ;-ri .,1_ -lLbl rJ
l-, .,-U.r! sl? u-'r ;1_l -r,_L; n.+ .,!lJ;-U;i 1.Iajl
, r:i rUJ i*l drS- .r,:r {! ,:{ r! ,l} rl -# Jl .ti--"
o!f.j-l 1 c,G,=Zt ,ar,ilt 0'
tl;Jp .Brs ,.q51,-L L;lJi; L& b:,ilt..1*l g;Ul -5.g.rL-: ;.-l rf -r,o.,.r. ,riJ d;i .r;*t \s^ ,A;2 t; It
.c* l lL "fx.-
a5 u.,.r. ;Li ;I,-U*lu 2 4l.: ;!V);JL-l o-Llr, o-:- ) S€ ,K r r 3r, J.-l+ +.Srg<- c . .l
"gUi.r5.,, dr::--.t14.11 slt,rt,s: * J-b
-r-o U L-1 tS;ri t-y.<L uI t ,k , ai- I ,l J-r e*l
"9lr ;lL.,u, JL:-l -r4,r, jt. \ jrl .r;r! llrr .,<Lg3 t J+ tr .st tS d .tS ':*,r tJ ) ;S f" JL cl"-
,/ -tLil e3.1 e-*l + ,rl* n- J- ,slt o,l .)r,- .,<L,-. ..:jl:r1 .*l.ts ,;':b;12 ;---* r,"q ;y'I .1 ':J 5!;r;1*;r e*l ;,5- c=*l .gUI't-r:i..n L5 rr..,L(.la.ol ,113,
.rS- -11j. r--o tX-- | ..r:5 u, sr s,-|c+ t- : 4 : &: ,Je;
f-\.' or rr .Sj,-l I.L :;*; ;L*.( ;L:."y1 ;lil Ll ,-u,:...4
.c*l "!-- rp .:Ul.9ri ,r* .r(J U i:.*p:Jc rr ;'!L;l ;.t 1 ;15 I ai ;;L aV;)V tt..i*l JK*l o=.r .91;1, 4.* ,r' G- , lt G.-;+.,,rrLr+lt ..,1r l-, eL-I-L .5 l:-.r .r-U .sh;! r-;t l-!uf o,-l
J& -s: 3 'j ,sl:".,*' J1S-- )l Jb- : yV tr n t u;-12-rL rt ,(, ^5 i-L; .ri ..',.J- .;1, rr.c.L- .,lS.tu l; lL
cr-_liJ 1 ;ri rr., rl .ri_l !U 4 _r, c*l s(- y'lr_-rl, "...-o.2t u,-l ;2to Jt-r-Itrs ,f t .rj'Jj " e OS- r-\ar a.2rr
:e-2 \\-ol gle ;r Ir:.1.i5 <el(- 14r .,-,21r.1.^.i- l)r.rr L ./.lVF;.'L 2l ,-ui_i j;L;;-' t"Ji i;! L_ ,,,,_;b JL rr L;; .-r;rll
;V 6 ;,l.5lor.r r[i:.; | ,-,,-l .ry-rf I :9; o^ .t>W 315i 3,-t1.2
.;;lr ,:.1*)t( +-h+ -r;
df .5,71" I oYLi-l yl;-l .Y
.rj:3, -iJ l.e a-;2 ;sl ,1: o1l1 ;blii;l t* 1V;"tr: ),:. 4l;.' l; g5.-;l-r.rl " ,.J"tS +Q+ Gr tl;o, ,J"-,- e S;r-_l 6 t'55 u. ol; r l ;l;i. ';- ^ I t'.. Ll ..u;! cilr ;*:)t:,7^ t 6!!lr 4.r;ll .9l.rl-c*l )rJF d,lLj-l +r+ -t_J-.r;p.r. +L;l i_* .t-l ,_rLlr .stf-t i9 t_l-:: ,5 -urb sLlJ-15 ; ,. , t .# lrl ,,r-^r- Ji|. ;1;,r. ;LJG ., r5; l-r.rLi "il) Jl Ul:;-l ,-i.r- d,YLj-l ,l t;- aS 6lr;4YUr-f ,,.1U.-t o,- l rl-rii- ;;S ;l;o,-ul;! rt .,lK ;jlrl r,
;r.l JL-l a(.ll Jk-l ;)S ul;u",.,-U Ji;;.,.c*lrri-o,_l JLi-l _1i-te' ;134 -r,_1.; .c*l d rl": -r! -4 + )l d,-
L, 4 t .rL:;l .2 -r,- f*b t-ttr2 _,6 + t_5..t.- ! lr Jk-lt gL- p ,rt-\4* r .rYKil .rYL:-l .+,,, r., olL-cr
)l ,;r'i .S ,Fi J, .r.! )n )f Lr :r.,.pi.r, ,r- t , r:ro F
.Srf G-rS,-r,;l: "-r.-i.-c ;,,;- -
iYL;l p4.- 3 i't cly k J-t \ )):": 6F;-1,c,iL:-l f9g- q- ,r!L,.,t L, d-L- .,7r q..;- s-l , L 24 c-:'3:LL-.; -pt ;t a( ul*)t5 i-4 :r,-L ;l;.r"
'Jr ,5 ; I
; + ,(gJir? i* € : n-'J F * i:'L; r.:(,. ,j;,;;! eL-){s i_r ) tt a5 -r; l-r.- ,-!l;l, t )'e i-r,'i-V ,1eI 2. 1- o;\2: )j + ).ai,A 1l3t ,tt.2s t ik-- l-l
ji .u.r , rL'- ut ,tt -*'r:- .Jj .grLi .51'o '-i'-" 'lt t-E
3 S rr,.){rl ,r-L;19 ,.JG t rr, 1i5 4 t-11 '23" A,- ,911 1,1
):-t a\_ , ;:--l -,.r-;- (lrrr) ..;l | Lf n-,\ JLj-l lrt
-t ,t-l tt ,tJ ro ^.:.,-9L;tlt- ,r( ,,j-t; 3r" rJ i..a .,.Jzl;
; l-r.L sl * r+,lr rr" g): :t*l JF JUr: t ,11_22 tstlt-s;
rr.;*l r )l ;^S 4;r.l JL-l ;Ku".-*2,,,nr*.-r,_[ :.r:5 Jit st_t ,.U -,! ,l]t*. L7 ;Yr c-! ,.I:*. ,t-l r t.Ll ,l;-r, oV -9-'.,1.e; *- 1':/, cJ,-
ur-y
i-*'.r-u
utrL:-;r )-t.5 '-. ,rU r! ,'?.r* )l .*..jny , f*
.:.,Y1=.1 .1 ,;r6=b-t ,Jjlri dY
r" +u-bY +
rr. lt+ J:.Ju-l L ..L; 1*;
.u.ul;; e r:.;[
.rl;l + J; la; I ;.rc ;Lrl ,y-l )l ,_,.< a-; L- .,.:* I
J)i;l ,ru_ .tl-r, ,f-i'! ;,;a I A:- i*l g<- ,r.*Lrei- ;r q9;15ir b .u- L ;[ -b\" + ;,*. c*l ;,(-
,r*-, oV .911 u!;t Jr ,r"b )-L x;l,;s -; .r> s,- I ,.-*lj..:.t j^S t- ) l, ,-r,"i .:f,- Jl-:-l "|.t5;LJl
L "5 -r;5 l-r--
.rS b=*
.rr5;YL..-l ,b ar+ slt. CV r.rc e! d L;l;l;.t: \"-S .4J,, -LL.1 '-*t L ar)lLj-- I 51t;u, 1$- ,;--4.r:- -!"L- Jllie t a' l, ;YL:-i 6 .r;rr5 rl+ 'r, aV;-b :6r d- tt .,:- -!"L- .r- Jlr.c ,e KJg ,.11r"11 otL 6- 2:
: ),-=^ ;L_-h d* d ,r i_r- crt) "j i._* .r,_! .r.oU-U
.jlJl)rLi f-r e ;U-K;t ;r ,.^ -:=i .t .t : -.b et- rl i!:-froj ,5,-' e) 1l ,t 'l'n llrr rLiul ))r, l) eL){5 iJL .a5
,i-* ul* 4 n; lr;YL:-l .:;!L-.: p6& \4i l;lK u'l.s'J Gr o*:. J*l ,K;., eL;, ,!.r l ile;lr;r1 r(Ju
,r j)(-:;lg,-l c*l ,f- er, *l'l I e91--2 u.V e )\ Jle: 9l ,.g;rtJU ;-L;i .glr*l toi a, .tS ;22.nL; ;.a1
&tt .t,t_t. .,-l! ,! ,l? j-a; /S nr-S-. ,r.^, ;*-l ;r(-
8 R A. Frsher
d0 6.,1,1 c.,)l-i'l IlFl .Y
"l 1 u--..Y .JL-.- I "*.1
)j + r.a.*., ;r'l .9: l-r,-i; rrlrj
.f Yrl fu, t'd,_ -,1: g;a .r.L1 ;L-;rl;. ,6!11 ;.r .a-.rr,r, i.";.; .l ,9 1-; o\L
* 8 a_la,jJ 4;12 4;r4a aql.l;-I., ,,=^-:'j it-l +
Ss .t-S l+, -rlr.rr J-j Jl -. l rlrL )t + )p-,.' ,-glr.t 1.,,1;
,92V a_\t,;lJ ,-? l&.ft"t ,s6n*,bj ,sD t*f G-fr.rrt,.r^; a.,r
l_r;; d:- r,l r-219 L.-rar all;l gL!L:-l L. -2.r
;YL-l .9 q:^:,_ra )l .t,:.r, .-!)t;., ) e 2 ,*l 1,t:,.-_.t:*l dl6 )lj J* ,rr,Lr*t (j7
p*- tt& ! .-,'iLj-l L-);; \;.-t\; t' \sJ.' t^' ri&+;lrrL-a:il "r1 r:4 jq !-t I ti.,.- ;rl .,r- ;i;i ,,iL,;rJL- ;L; ;i 1l y -ur, jJ*. \1Y. )l ,r--,\s)^l ,Jt J.a,o .rjlr c--4 "29r-l ..:r,:; e-:i lr,r. el.l:.i l.t l-t- Lt-,1, ..,i ..g-r.,L- ,.---- .rlrbl.9.9 ,-.,':lL.-I ;iL, '4L J\ln)J1 1 ,atu.;lj !^,.. ,t lr Jr+ .rl .r+ Jr-, )r .d*l dL_r.-
'{'r er '"rii:-';l-r'
S t"-b
9. John Maynard Keynes
,r'tLj.'l 1c,ll*i,itlt 0t
U-l bli,.l ,rL- ,.1;*\ :.+-* .rVlt .r+, d.1.j JYL:-I:# l) rl5
,;,-_ 12 l; r;*l y-j,l;;15.1 rtJ o,-l r5 c;l: :[rrl ,1;o)4 )j + ,tu gLol.l-2'y ry;r .;r .rjY[;>l 6l-t,iJ,Att
"!s; r) e r fJ')r t' 6 ,r -id Ir aLl; lr Ll ..r5.,^;
U \:4 g;Lrrl-r,y.2 L5lJ, ;'iL-l ,Slt,iJ jl .-,lr..r
e+ t9ll. .-V ,S.t* ,;r !- '5 .rj1 iu.' ,91 .fis, ,rtill64 O!".lrb,lP s'*"+".rr.rEl -u 1.5; *,4- rS-\-u,.2lJ
-,,r lr,r;lul ' ,l S'l 6wjf ,-k;lro -llr .i:.-l jLi rttqgl9r 1l .1lr u-rr-t -2t .s2r'l .-11.^ e.t.-.1U-.1r ;tr)tLl I u-13
o.6;t ,tt;'K -2t 6 tltu. s t tu. .tl; 6-V fr+ ;: l; ;1r"1
1r * ,* jr-,.r, .rl-,lr s:- J'.L* ,-u;,r, eL-L; 19 1r, ;',-l r5
J- .r*_ :tS u. <, ob j,, i,ri I L --U-lra .a!:-+tr;r*' + l-r
tl J.) Jt o2r.t t j:', o-Llr S + ;.u; .-$L- -r'.1- rl,.r,, &t u rV +.c.---o; re.r-- l; g;r* .r* ;,;* o, 1 b; lj ; l -r'r Lil.rr.ir ,r2lr.r, lll .r-l- J .:-l + )r-b )r -b A-l s;u' ;t2.;
(.!:* I ! .rf.r;rL JL:-l."5 A.rrU ,-! l; ,-L;19 ,lJ /5 ,2 la- CLj^i-lr;luL; ,p, ,c-i! u, -r,-L :[,r, L , l, ;i , ;Ll5 ,.5 t-". ,, ,51
(.-r,-r!s. ,lr! i -L*+ ,,tt.;,.| ,5l,.^ J- cl"lr, 4. > l;S.l-r,_.1; { )r.,rr ki .-u: e"o)Li tlf o'-l 6 -tc -h +
o;* ;* + Ltr, ,t-l eJ i;1., -,ll; t -u-! te ,c*l e,i.o
olrrL;;l 621-p i;;.s..;r .4- .r.Ll t gl1 2r ,;lJ ui ;*V
IJ-J. r-V;it ,5t, ,;3L'" -n tI-: ,rl 'rr' ;-t r5,r" ';L;lg lr--r,r j,;p *V upi--t ..;U,r J-1Lr. rr.;*l ) .4- Jt i-l
0V ,./ld- cr'JLi..l J 'L.ar*l .f
,ritl Jl;-l .r.ri ;)ti .;1".,5 \.-; ,)lt ;r'-l :e*l $-:..1lr
-;LU.,- |J 5 tL -.7, ,fr€ )\S r" l;rg-u a)Gr ijle 6rl; tr;YL-;-lr .S t* t ;lta. ^S c-l b -i,_rj e .>2 4_l .11
,jpl:,,5.t 4l .';-. )i a, 6)re;l-iii. d.:.jlr F ,;tt-.2: u12lL r5t [.] I tg;-lnlL.f*;;l ,r;lr" -,1 ..tl..rL- 2r "5 r3q
;_,;llii e*l ;+; olL 'j oly.r l.2 ri5 o,_l ,tSu" ,e-t- ll:512 sr:2 .r&- r ..r!, '\;re
2 ;*l ;L-(- .,i,l3-1; i-." a(
aJ o.:r; o.>lr e*t ,St-b L-l- ," J-t.r;L; .5ta1;[ 2r .-:.21s
.,--l :3-3...,1,-: ':lr gL_ ,:,Jl: a, C*; .'fr l-u ,.i--rrr ;tll,-9 or91 *.J;U, -;r-r,c. gl1-1l
^5 '; a;L S)_+ E J:: Lnl.r .r* t Jn ^,St
J ;*l ,-u: j:- ,::lt ! .e ;, eL;it"r.rf 0: ;l o2; u^eV ,.rc
"|, [ii- .1: e2 jie ,-+, 3
ol-.V S g--,,|J .-*r;, ,rlJr r:.5 9 [rr, g;ld- ,J .+ U-
.L; \ tt- u. ,r;'A-:; C-? re ri*'. yS t1t-- tSk _jr. (i ,t_l 2"
J.al O,)ir, !.g: .r-r tV , "l;.t lr J)Li-l .tl=-y5 i_r-
.9f,*. ;L.;i .r!*){5 ;l-11.' ;, J.al b,-l S )r or:ot r" ,st\,tr*! ,J.-' L.l; ;l ,s.t\^+ ,ts.1, !.li * aS ;;1" u,*2.i5 ;*l ;*;r ;S tS , .iit/ 26 a" .,-Lii Lrb ,/".r!t i:*l rrt..2 ut:li; u'. )r-l .f r ;rL :.213, e u-V.rk-j! r,,sl^$: Cl:" ;:*.2t )s.rl.> .-,'i[-; I t, ,g:sc s:V ulr; u,-,15 I .rl-2! J .s^.; -*r 1r g i5-':/1,_t., L- :213" i'- ,511
1 -r,_l; .'11r. 4_l 2' c^K u. ;5 .*l Le.t ),.1 4.1 e4lk , LU-,. tl 6,-l r, c*; dr .F++ .9r-e.;lrl .;YLi-l
-t
r.p,l.itul
,jL:- drYtd.'l J
\siL:- 6l^Ll) LLr ,;YL:-l r,*t^. ,;{1k, Jq } jl\.-l jis 8;;, u4- -i.- r,- l L- ur ,s: .,-tlJ e.: r- c*lo- alirf ts t-te .:-* 1 qir ,Slg ::j 4-2t: Jli \t; ,.s.-f.i=.b., i-;!;s 6lalt-.1 1L { ..,..lUJ;r 1l ..r*4i l1 ;YL:,I.r1.ei,.5.rL..;
";L.;L, * G\L-? t Ac'ar. J_2ol ,r'rCrlk>l
J-l )l ;,'...j-;lr -^.r(, ;l;t; l; ;i ;l;4 ,;1rl "S ;*l
;: ;L_rr, 1l ;y 2 xllt b i.f, ft- gle .2: aseb," J e,al
tpta- +., vL5 "tl d-s Tt eSs.t )2,t'le*t J:-l ai;,-
6-)rl);K*K ;;.I e.-,Yk'l Lp 4--)U A ,tVaa-l;.! ;..,^.- J-l tr*.-*l .,.J q J,Ji .15-r,_, )l ,tS rr.,q+ ;r!), 6):" el,2., ,;)L;l ;rlJ et_ j! lt<:" .t.,'i2lJ r ti: ;iL:- 61'Lt 62.- V );JS d'l. ,gf u- arV
1. John Maynard Keynes,Tteatise on Prcbability (London, Macmi an, '1921).
01 si.h! ctlt-:>l yLi:-l .l
,ib4 Jg )t '--: sLl -lr :7 fb dl-X L-p '23' -2:
61.21: 62 'tca,>2, J2el.:rS l+,,s j ur alt ,j,tV e*lS >;l +4;.t4 CU;:-l fKiarl Jt.c-l Jrr.Jitir u;L. -tL.ll
.l9-2ot $l.r- \,eyt Jt l 6'-l;l ;$.-
.S\o,:lJ ,:,', c.t- -2u ,t--S a d+ ,9e to3"be. Jzl ;t'ltP)d -..ii j j;-. rlf + lt -Ftt:rc ror;l orb g;-;-
.;J.- .9.1L..- rl-r-cl Jl-,--Y1.9 :t ,/.:,tlJ + C1--lrrkr)
Jt .__5a'l;r- c*l ,*l 7\9 r;l c*l ,1-:; <t.Glo.
1 J,_! r:.!q Ltllp* .st\ :) r, r -ub oV\ o e o
.rb .;L"- sgjL*. d;)Jr d.,)l[-:.' I ,r -u[.: r, c-.; .l4i .91: ,el-:e t p 4\.b-l; +.-".,, t-rK4 U 1l-r-t at itlJ.sb 4 )) .r.:il+ L:'llJ;-- ,-stL:-b r, r.uL: r' c*;), 4. Ly' )t .:-r.tr.rra ,r.L L); 6'-l ;l I ,-lS J--t
kl ,'2-l t-l+,d.c C*,t; ;-211-,p ,4L-t.ai g.t t-fu + .,ik5,s jt t &t Jl', ,tS o, a.; ,g 3$;l'ttn iz;, +. 1.2 o3.b3,.
,r ,'o d;rr ;Y!;-l ,-n; L; .r1,-.1" F-t L>S + +bt e\-
1.rrr L- .:* lr .912 .ri l5U sl; Jl &t .'rV 1 tt.ri-eL-.
61.21: ,,-); u-l S f.-6 q; -\,-! .:*l d*.r ..1r r,-.r.b e!- ;r3,r
..-l ] r-rr'tc ;'Jk-I(),.lLr- 0. h r r,.:* I ;l-- upE u1 ,)-l Jl -. I r23" 6,_l L_i
J-l Jl .r;rS 16* u*:t r, l1 orl;-..l ,) s,-l ,!*)S q$r.:;$ t3a2 y jrl.i; cJL .rl ), -!_! ,r .115 { 6li4 12 6;1Vo;.rli; :Jr-,' i* tslTl t- .-rS ul*
"9tg-er.9eL-- .ti ;l :.uU
r) .r-.1+ J- cs.rL- t) + | s'V tlt, 'u, sLf-l L r' ef
;L-r. ,;-=;rr A- ,f-* U- .& ol - " .r, .,,.2b vl*
c,'ll-:-l e ,el'*j ,OJlr, 0A
i-) 2r ;r9; iti + t ,-+ jlt d/-l il t- ,>l..iu; 2 :2.
a.t^. 12 ;l+-j; jS ,t-; l ,s-lt\ <.r.,rl-rl 1s d. jl Jjtry_.rli. drlr t 6+Li ;l I V ;;$ L-l; ;l tr-.,!*: -p .#
..:;b -,1L7 j'il..i- I |-'k**.rt'" 6lra 6)sa ,;L- e-t ,tu r..1,-.1 -;.r .r( a; $-: ,a- c$;rJrJb s*Kjl bl-6-r-r-;),:J l:l .r.1- oYL;--l j*l-.t-; \tft JL.2r m.rlL:rl i-jj fl r u:jl ..:-l tgja# -h \ 3 e) 2l ;i.2.: 6 -ur; ':-:i:.leiJi ol.,L;l\1Y\ 9) :J ,*,'tt.*US A Lrpt )*s.1Ur.,.2b .:.lrr
JUi oJr l (.:.e; rJL- ;rtK; \ lt . .1L ,, 'vt-r--t Jt -ta ,,-;:'.re1 or.i; -5:. ,;V 1E-lttt-e t-;;':lL:-l i-L.;rt r.r
rliil 6;-uL- ))tu + 4Je .c;ls l4l;l ,rc)Ul ltb A:,L:5 JrtS: fG r .,F nrr.'fu; t, gl Jr.,J.r\ rst jl .rlrrE .r:: u; i;*, it 15.r-^.' , t*. ,t-*
.rll12 ,r9: 6'-l + ,9 i.:t* ,---lVL-rL;2 c- :1" !E ,Ji t b g.r.L-r L-}. u,.-e. t-toJ s_.t-;.dr.L-.i 1j c*l o;L;- al{lt t .* A )t A.D Jlt€;"lr.rtJ t:t F+. LV- # ;t ,.g, o\r4 ):e, .9.r.r ,l-ui. :5^:.r. r:l;=..1 s-U) )Ui ;l 3 ,9;212. ).)S
.l .; b.y 5:jlrrg ,rl L- ;L" t c*l; o. 1l .:l: ..,'iL;.- I
t-.t+ tb jt ut uJ qJ+ rF r, l.l 6U|:.2LI F-" t :*)l tl ,:_n U F "..r3, .,YL;.-l ;l ,,;2lb pr&.rl .:U*l8 ;Vl;ol;l
":.a.-t;; ;l oz'.. ,-tS o..r[L*l ;1k.r, ,-l-.1
2. Harold Jettreys S.Theoty ol PrcbabilitY
,\ jiL," dr'JL:'l ylFl .i
orlr .ra 13; o.LlJ S
;4; ,tJ J5 .Kr
;;L- ,tK*';t O.)Y.L; J'Vi,:- ,:221
'J a-'a.rlJ .r! ! \"; Jt .iitr,t-*t lY ,91'.:.; .;L:- JL --l .r:d;" { &,-l ,.,:+ ,-tlJ;,,1 ,r.1 .c*l.,! r o-- J.;.t! ;k-;l I .r5 .rL:;l
i+:,('{>. )J
Cr ..- I (r-it:,. ,\9"-' j.r>t Jr'-l jl Lr) ;l- ;':lL:-l
)t€
.r-_L l1 .-,':l[-;.'l 3 {n F C,, Jr :"-*l 6iL. (l}:*l\ ,.>r; AS -r--l! .gt ;rii:i ulj; Jt .t:;lt, jh l)-t- -r':;[ ],i,J.i 1*-t;L:- slr*-aJ.*; rl ,l '\;L*
ule.l
.rr.rc JL..--l) .el.r.-r \ .';"_.r,-rc Jl-:lrJl-r- + E-il r,;rI ,rV JL 4 k - .rl , ,s* rr fV e F_, .rt"E r, \!1 ' .l .r,rlp jl 'l"t- ;l; l.) ,*4i, ,!._ ,-ryJ Jl O;^-a (.c*l.9la;2 JL Jr (rl sri.? **l J.- ^-->j ;;Li- Jtt-l ,r;,+J; Si it\-tt cS_t= J'J-r*l ;l- ef -ri..2l.r .,-,,-3 r.2l'er;l
,j !!,r-l .tal- ;l 6l;u. t L>)t d 6 ,-/. tlj et-l )l ,:e;rf- u;-; e-l t)* r.' $ r-l;-l Ch:. .lt 6\ ;,;1)E- 6"tlJ ! b ,,*r-'' I ;tr. -ul- ; .h- a.l Ll .Jis.roLr e H L.bj ;iL:. J-l-, t ..J-+.!- ;-[ii-- L ,,; ,11, ;15
.r1', ! )t) KJq ,r:r.r- {+- E il 't"L- u ,S g} rf,.-*l lI*- ir '-b
,.
a, .9.:-r.c ,l.u;i. aS g++r 5-" "LL ,,tl > ,r. -h +
7i cL. ctlK,1 ,L-l; ;t5.1 J-sj.e I g:a* .-,':lL* I
,(- .5 .L. r) r! g;ljl I d r+-..' ):; 6'-l i:-l ,.jl:. .t<j-",
c,Yl-:rl -e ,c.,l-,,.:.bti ,,,1t ,.
,96A-b; .*- .gL_lr, ;l rr; ,r*,-b.; iL-12 ,, kr- i--:.r"_:1,,fs-t .9.2Li ,.9r-rr oYL.:-- I ...:)
u"l )l l_j+ ,.; ,* .#rs ,-r' l-, 6r,_l ,_51,:L Jti.r;1 ;lr_r- ] Jl.i-t ,". e:S .es pl;a ;ls-;ar. )rat*S ,y_l c..,.o ,Slt
"lK #, t ;r- .tS o. J\ 4, ,,4ltu. Jl* O*..o r, .-i'J L; *S ,Slt rJ 1 1_-lb c*r 1r
r al i it zf -;r .,UI-y.' r-e.1 Jl =l af -5 J'Jr.-l)f 6)-r- * k.:1l jl A_ f i; .J ,.rl r.' ,Ll rr-., Jl--, 1
LAl;;f o,_ | Je .c*;.r1-.y eLi_lra.'eK #, 'S ;*l 6lt;ri
,.912 ,.g:.s rl$. ,4_ blt,.? 3 "r.;.2 b Jr-, e I dl''; t
<.r.y4 ,.:*l Jtl bS ;l j,s-* pt Q;.-'1, ..!U aL:JL.--l
u_l-t E .r:*./ (..j/rr cl,LJ Jrl 4L-.1: .r_;b r, 1r l1 ,rJe l
t elri)\r)fu:c*l ];-';3 trl + c^:; 7:'Qi..l-"1 ;l .glu;t_ t J JS,;t .1), rl5 * .2t u-- *-\ .o.3-
.g-;l+ ;;L...:,1 ' itr-:: lJ )F ti ,=.l;! ..rlr";!-1 .r,1Li;,r.rtL;I rL r, i-r,_-u: lr;_ i+ ..,15 .g;Li -,L;L_, ; l..r.l.s b
blr,j S r-l:. ct_ta;;i r -,I:[L;l ! t4; cr J .fiJ;r "h + ,.K-'-) )l .cJ-S ).+ r:,|.t tbt Jr,.l ;l l, l4i:V ,.# .F- )t S i)r cr,t<bt +. rt+ e t # es. .c*l rt' ,?^ )) t -Y[.:-l 'u-.2.2: p>; ;S .,rrr,rJ.r,
LU, ,rit! eYLi-l jl 6 ,it-t-L t t-t< t -J .9ir.25;.;.r: u,.\;.11 ,511 .lc.,YL:.|
";.L- ;t- 1U
r, (r. uL51.r:.r.:.a^r ,: tlqS Lr.t,s,Jo,- ,i lj..:r (\10. rttt--.i.K-i-;l.) Logicat Foundarions of probabiliry)
Jl -- | ,_,,_r- -r cJ-a. ,,1 r, d+-f -t,S;r. &-;,..t_yo t -Li a,, t ,;,rL,6--:; l, Ttre Nature and Applications of tnductive Logic) s,-l n-l jb-
..:-l ..u: -L _r,_,:; (\10\ ,16;
ft jib- .)'Jl-:'l J JJi:-l .r
i*l G)r.raE ,-l2e*: / 6 FK- ,1Jl-2r*-: )l J)L,.gll,-p ,.ri eLS r, U ;;u ,s.h .*u. ,l 15-t"r'- 'tii''l) {<j o,-l .;-l ,..rY, ix; i* $ ,y-l aD )s; tlsot;u; aJ-.1-- [- s,-l i:*l 64'V '$ ;L 2 tp-l t-'ltur
.t(*, ,;i { q .f ;l-uL- ,.s\"ulJ.r-rjlrr ! r5 e=L)r;++,r+ Ji..:lJ 4,5 "J kV elt 1l .5leJ-, u*;
.tl: gbi l; g;|.-uLi
r( ;;L s--l i:-l dr-l- d-+ oS- 6 {rr J;j-+t d ,;':'. |:..r-ru! q.r+
"rl".,.Ja; 1lr;l "5lrL ..r--r L tlb 4-2 .nl;u. 6 7;1.'>l;. .9t4;-r,o t ,-l;r- I
G-: G:,*..:I_ J<-,r) H bS t E,..l.r.oLi 6rb,.:-r-2r;':lL.:' I .,F+t'-
"sklJl-r:*, ! ,l:,.r .(s;le, r, --*.
1>+- ;,--l .r; ar=--: E t .-^=- l; H -p-i; e-..2' L- ,riti.,L=-t I ,.rr: ,eJ rr j (!r,-l-i:- I ,.-.,YL:- lrr g"li ;'iLl'l;sa' )J,J1 2 t:*l u,-l-jul J'J"u-l .ul} .r-Ll .iJjL pb
..*l ,.-YL;.- I o,-l JUi, ei; U,r,-l.i*I JY-u-l
+* ,6 .r.tt b c,Yl.:-l ,F CS ;-""t Jl.;J -ut ll ,r,-t&ii.r crr.L* L-); ;lj$) 6a r( -u t-rl;;L-r; .2r ).+ tSrs;!- ;':lL:- I ,l c-..^-a ,r t t--*+)-r.t s.# ,-2V ;-ra t;4 glr t ./ t t 6n Ll .c*l
;,,,. e5 JL .2r ,sS u. :.s l-; ;YL:.-l a-r.L* lr+s ..2: ,r- I .1b
,:;l+ r.grUi,-'lL:--t 5,"s.^.L-., l#. rt .b ". {eq 2 (1\:46 ).,:'/-+- ;\ :2- i-v;i..;Lr-*.t ,r-L-s ,--,1.,r ;-r r r:.-- d-
G*,(*l J-*- toi obl-2 2Vi 2"5
L-r- ^7
u- u.to;"' ,j.l L-;g-to .i-7 os-u.l
c,lk-l e ,c:lt *ri ,iriljt ?\
S v* 6)e ,(H) +-i €.- ,s-K_'t G).,.21.'.r-oE f.-t" .r*" JL ,,,,_l) .i*l E+ .:.-i H rrt:. Jtd-l ,l>-: el
c+l 1r ::J "-tlr;i
6-1t c*l ;;E E il.r e5 1.2 .rtil,Slq,*-t t -;r ,". .(rl: d*j H JLi-l l .g:-rc ..,1;; ._JL
J-t* .t .t|.)L .,l.;- csl-j.; U,rJ. .,r el ,,|.-r-t ,jrty tir,+r,slrl atYL:-l ,SD ,f- -qrL; ,c*l ,41- el_ 6Q1-*., j 6.+:.. (J;l+U .rl, "-J.li.; .r-l
i"*i ;j1 ;.r-)t5 eejl a-o
tlrc ir. ^S ,./_l;;';-l JL s"ti .u:tr l+ Jl u.Jl ..:*l ;L_r.-
F .o\; r.23,. .2: Ju-! "th & ,-.,, ., -t.j
l1 { t,.t .,-t- .rl ,rt_ e! .st*Jr.-.- _rl 1x:- e; ;i _.1, S oS JV,r.r, .rl5 t I e\-E,rl;- I ..2:c .t .-,.tlr- 4tt 1t -r:,'L .,, lxal ;l K! .,r,-b.p.r
s-Ll Jrpl.z ;* I 7_.Lal5-l JL. o,,l ,t_:s ,y.b + .rricr.
;15 .9L:rl_2 jy'U ^5
i .l Jrzl eL-o ,-_.;lr .,6 r r* ;i U e5
4L- u1,- .,gQe.-*. ;.:L 6L; ,512 g_l i;*l ,-J- dFL ,, L
.c-- I or9
+ y'c ,.,U , bltr/ | G-lrt-l &-'*.t,8 o-te-ti )i*)14;l ,9,+e..>,- blt€ S,---: U_l ,l:. t2 1S
rJ r1;. lr t ,Jc;l ull;J/ j.2: e er1, &[i t--.a 6,1r, 3 :J;l;". ;1.2;-t,.rl: {rr )i .-i:5 ...--l.r,o U"-} t q:SU jl )F;ly *.fi r1 tal .,i t<- ..,,_r.rl5 * L .u-l b I :j 4-ex
d!{-:- ;-}"_r, f.u: g>; 3 ,nno L_k "L-
+ ,dF iL..1..-,.li; ;-* .c--; ,aj,;tf..l i-* rl5 ;.,,- I .-u-r, ,-u;L
e.-l;! 6j+;l'+-;U L e r.:-..r uslVl S ut_Vi Vr.;..l-2 ! e5 lLr Jlrrl ,-. fJt{+ ;l .91_.7L .J,;b;t5 j,.- U lr*.
+ |ie .t;rlSu.;lsLi ,s6-,:r e-F v_rt.tV )l ;lS
,d ;iL:. n!l-i.l r .|.,i:-l .t
7:+ * s al;lr.2Li t-r; l'ar-}; ;,,- l .c*l ;leli c:^.1 g;1.2b
.Jlo-u; o,-r$ 6f:.rlr.r ;ra L-; ;2Vx.
dr,_l .r-L:.". j L.tL- o'tLj-l ilrL i ,.;K) .-e) )lS
'--l^rlf G-,- ,,.ib J_1jL ,gl.l',.2|J ; ua3.a; * d1L
* \-:., .*:r;u" 6-rl, ,.- )l: | ,.tss..-^:--, de SJLtJJ
u-l \ flt.f af .r*^r.r "fJl cr , U;, , g:__S .s .gra:; b
u-l -.,!-l .r! ,*ll, :L:cl ,,r5,r. ,r-l; G:r*".J ,oyU
n5.;lr ;LJl ul1, u, ;n< G:,,t+, u_l r, '!c*l ;-ri-- ,;Us).e ,l tU Jlj- Lt g,l r -ulr; ,,tr^l ;*l 6,(- r-:;l:t .rr-l ii:- I tfu at.,r;Lr" J. Ll .-r,_ I -t uS ;*t +
,;-,ln ,-r--".t
"- L, I l:,cr L -r,;.;; b aJ ;;;* ilS irl.ul
(-g-r,:..-:j lr .rr.-.r r:_L- . / A )l rL I :r,-. r" -ul; u-LlJ LbJtul- ;1t1;-' 6l,111l ;;.;- )) ,rars, C-t Jlj- ,;J u-l ,, ^S.r'iLi-l .Srr _5;\ Jlj- '.ts"
i,;ri 1sl; o- ,;iL:- Ll4l;+ u+_L L.;,r l1 ;i l5 .*l J!.- r,yL:-l ,l -h ,rr^Li_l ,c*l ./A .,lLj-l jtL t-Ju" 6 ,s2 z;lJ -elrrt2t 2 ;*t Au L" jl KI .--+ et-+) uJ; ,tj uL"
KJ ..r;ls CVI .s,+. \rrJ eL_ a, a( ";-l ..r!L- rrrrl8 ;7) 6,lA^-: -\^Li ._*..,5,.t + ,4 ;* l; ulL:.61^Ll_1
.lSs" rK".i L;*l Lbri c,re.r^..o .,YL:-l Jtl:; \lJ J! lt<j" oi +r! .-.-.r.--&, Ur. rL; -r:*L;l> .c*l ,,jY *t* e-ro 3:f ua;"-;-ri' dl.,l ..r,_! i$ n.i:*l ./A .-,YL.^- I ,.)l.r-c...9l2l.r a->ri a_bt
r .:* I 65-l; u;l,tlJ q,1r,o;._l r.c 2r n.,ul; ;)lj l c*;liL:-;rlJ gL_ ;L .r: rzt Jl Jr .>J i;t:, 6,2ui 6L
.:r J-t-j'l - ,ol>=ir; ,.'jlri 91
dr dJl- ,) r.r r) .sdl ,rS :-L. iJF 4- .JL Ja 1 .r,.:;&. f* .fi",-t) ;1.,.,1:,r, -=-^l ! /',-rr; l) )UL u_t
Jr .rrl, oS ,.-{ +.;;J"-: ^.-J 6 ;*l u"aL;;.-rlLj.-l.c*l ,.x- .rl.ll ,Lr r
v -;. .5;Li ar't L"j-,I a rt)-r ,JrlL B ,s,-l^,)lj<gfr. "t-:; ;r ,r-_tx5U ; e(t ,, - r ,/t- ).t5 -,;_,lr..r.
Jf.:-1a r_1o !) rrcs:r JL-.-l \t :t_Ju" ;<;; ;, .,.-, ^,rr2 -ra l; .-:- ,1tj { i^.; :Lr 4 J,-J lu-<, (. /y :*al.r(-14 4 ,r-t .$rr o! l-, :^! { :' csl._tlJ gle _r,
glrlr rri .l 1-r; eXl3*5i j,_r l, i-r,-.u c4,_ L:rt JL-l +5 aiJrL .rt_ rr.grLi ;Yl^-br ..r2b .9L .lCra i. .p ;\";lJ,.*-6't6 cs:Ll ;'iL-.:- | 6\--l,rlj3 '.-*l u,4 j u)c.4 KJ .r -r;.r; d*^; 6l, \;V;;- r( -r::-..r n,rJ;l: (\:;-l; t;;tl. l:-,t-l r t.;*l ,rfu e..n, 6V*;t{ .rU ,r_l l, ,g--$ rr Ft .srlr;r; >r.s ;Ul,;Ll ,K_.,
sl*-S il: rr tr-*l ./\0V..,),,Ji 4.rrl-i JL---r ..Jo "-.;-
a, l;.rl ;l;,r,;l.roL; "r^i.,
d_ ! & S do "! lt,rJ! t{, .t i .l ,r-,+, .t _: g-,_l ;l.,rlJ .r,-l .r;13 ,i_Lri
)Jr +_L- tltrf ,g. r+, AV:o If* :' L;; a; .e.,Li ,st",:lJ (i ,t-l 1* i;_,.-.i, tl
L .d.,. ,). r+. * ;l d: * tt-t 4,., r, Ki., ,,rrLr+l.-L511 ;l ., r:lrd d .ebi- 1, J"* ..; 6rLi .,yk,l I4. _,," J_6:. )y .r)r ffu q .,'t;*l /-' .uL) rs.,,CF 6"Ll Js-t.t'e+,.|.b rf_;lrr a.: -r +$ r(Jq ,(eU
1* ,sl2,.g2Li .-1L..- I L'h "L-
-:-1-..y .,-;b ..,5 : ,- fr.16
fl ;il'b d/)L:'l yl..ir-l .t
;l - 6" ,l;t(.o -rl dr lJ,',- .;l: rlT l ;'iL:-l i-.;L;.r .r,15 -.1r l2
ul12: ;l ) jt F ,-o I lr d-..:, - -Lr, ;l ,.a+ d--..;1r,6;;L_) ;i ;l.u-:;l-' )b- tis., Jrt' \+ eL-X
a!,tlJ ;l ,;'" ItL.. r"-lr. cl t .:ul" JL:. -'yl --l1..,.rr.L-.r .,'ik-l k _l +U e "y j'L;'.iYLi-l qs,-)t9
;l r .Ll V4. S pl, .,LJl -Lat o'-l L .-u-'lr r.h r,.r.r-,..:,6 J:l al* S {n -* ,r t tt ,;;b d,Yk'l
e-tt ,+ft -Ii r, ror.r-.u tt'al p ,rj+ '':r'i cr.l l.'
.r--r- !L.- .l ,a,; oYL:-l i,-}; ..-*l ,:a.r;- a-l 6U-J
)l 3 ,.SP-r Jyl t ,t:. 412 c*l .sltF KJq ,--+tth- ): .c*l ..;--r,- ,l tLi- d rS s. .-:--o s'."+ trL,++g;Lrrl-r,y.1 4 &t ;-;3 n u,;, ."t ,s-&.' r* e-iJit "rt- €lr,.f ;351 .2 g-l''r'-r oV Cr*--, "l.,i
;l .5rU-;
c-+l{ r+lr-.r. .$1s,. Jli-l + --J-J l, ;i ,rlt' Jl S;)Lj-l ,t6*)S g) + .tf ts*Lr r)oi,c 6l;.r, ireqgtr.rl-r,12 izLzr ;L.r,_G-c r, -:Lrl L_ . : '- L..,,, ;l r3a ;-,7!c
.o,r9 _.li '; A. .*l ;'!L-l ;,,_ I I ,..ro_i
5. Ars Coniectandi
p, r nd.,Ll ;)L:-lrr p r(!-l "rlir) u ,F h ;l ::,. 7-':)L\ 'gla .?
.r+:i ! t+- ,,--i" t-:- : )Lz, -Yr-L rr ,.l <jtr ;)L:-lrt i' ;.5' | . +)-a j.11L 2: 3 aB p, F + 4 7n .r:.^o -;-L;The Two ConJ .l'Jl-;.| plat :t 1N
r, g. \1Y0 ilLr r ,,,-:-t-,.rjJU J-l'.J o-.;!..1: .r, ba-;; -L;5 r, e5 (cepts ot Probability
i-iJi -;: d_b4;.ii -ut r rr.-rfv ol^; (\1f 1 :Jry_:r )
or,-r.o pL:.rl + !.1l ,flA -f0d;1.'.i.- (\10f Jrt-r* ) plt,L-:rl r ,-.r: J (wiltrid Sellars) ;)- t-iilt t fterban FeigD J<-V
,;;ls L ! ',)tiIJ J
.,!Li.'l J *Jqbti ,b;lt ,,
.d*l g-{-,,a -,il.i r uaiN,52Z)J t*l
)l l*-oj
.r,Li .,)L:-l al S--r9 1'L:- d.rl.r,rz;;..;- ;l; ;*l .-15*;
"plr 1-: 6--l t*. ,", Y9* ,F li,l{,"l .".el- t- c*l
'S s r.r'!Li-l l#- dI_ ! t;; 6.-r jLJ K! ,r+,-,lr r5 ;* l jYk'l 6i l- r}., ,.r-rK c*l ;5- e ,.r;;1.'
"5 Ll rr.-i5,r, U,l l) .,lLj-l L--b Jt* 'u*t, Jt-l
L;l lr-{t s: L^ | .y d,'iL:-l L--b }t* ioto, J*l.LS u- ,-.*t-t l1 ;Ll1 Ja.i -;3 4-l e,tr;u,
'S ,;lJ-_", e*I.l ;11\-tl ,r oli r.!/ l) s+l- fl+l,L .j)LiJ, ,Wl .iiq ,irb t- l, ;':lL-l ej=*X
, .r.1;1..r; ,r"ifl .gr.L- ;'ik-l J s;il - - '!Lj-l dp
..-...=; ;Li .d-2c- ;r,- I 1l eLl,, $:. b'-S Wst a-:;.-.o "!r 6*".o
;L,,L; - a.i".^,6 ,,.j .+Jl - Clr. ;4 6 p)'.lLJl "'. tl
h-t+ y-L t )? b. ,); f .*l .r3, .-Yk-l ;b.6t-:lLol ,1" .s,.>24 Le. utX .r<. ,, .*; ,,r Lr:La:t I i.)
ir.1 ci-i.L* l*- r a, J'iLj-l ob f*. -,r r5 ;*:',1.>
rr-,YL;--lr jl d{-)5 ;l.lu-ll, ,6-* '-5,r ;S'lJ , ,.,1u
)L:7') I 4l r;! .g;Ll ;YL:-l -r,! ;L;JJI:..r5.r. rL-
"[-.,- 1r e L::,., jl:. r;-,1 e::lr- 2 &st + a5 lr; r,Li lg:,- I
! ;,. .rr cr- ,:L; ,;1.2 ; )t,.:*l ,.,,:-, -L*r "b .t-k,
,t6,.,1J cJ=*15;l.r:-*;lr Grt pJ;-.St ,*+ Gl:' ,t-l
,r-L ;1t-"..- I ;L;1 Jii -u-,J.r, l>l ,rl -,':/L= I ;rl" r.'
s )2. 3 ) )i\ l) I",)lJ ,,,-l dr .,r ,.+-; [ "l-r ;l e ]).;
?\ ,!ib-' cr'JLi-l r .l i:-l .i
asL Jst.;*l (\) 4:l J.l;l ;-;,*> 1i1 i.lrt ,.1,-t ;-elid -;.e) J,_l ! Jr;k+ .r-rU { : c*l .r*; -i..1 ,
,g-.stt )121 .-*l .r4L !rlJ2,l) ;-r'5 e-r-, 3 ,; lt t; LrlJ
triLr. (11:-l ,u r ,.:L- L.r.' !- .Jt! JL:-l .-*-7 ,r+:i)l-r-L .el;|.: (\)J (\) ',)lj| o-l-lr f') i)lt $)
.c*l . /A J'iLj- I
'r"lr. trl , 1i1 ;t if 1 1rl5 J- ,,,1J ,t_t of +5 o-i.r!j .r-,.rL;r r:*.r .r,-
l-o.; lr5 tf )4.1 (f ) ar ,r;.r- !L:*l.(Y)r (I) ,t(i) tl (\) irlJ a- 6.sL..;t;iL;. u,6,)J ;"*-./A e +.+ o .5rLi ,..1k*ll ;rlf A., 6.;, d,3 | 6;G,)15 C*+ ;llrlb,fl .11.r .:*-rI ,L- n..:*l
5V;rL:- r;..-o,.uS,r, bl ;*l ;'JL;l ,gtl t pqL 6,2Vr.i_,- ,:1,_ ;r ; .l Q r,l L,L:" l.i .tS u; ;-9r -r..L- 1l l,
\.f:J ,.t t, J.:.-" 4 -,7r .-*l O r.i , ryo.-Li:.-L; o-r.rLja
.d,_ ;r r3,3;; r-21r. rl-r..,- ;l \ J^:^-. J5 -,1r ;*l .r.l . I J:.; [:[
;r o -r..1 , ! ,ur-.,ji.2r Q -r..L- .L(i ,st S.rt .)-;,;*t-l -i.a2 ;,,,_l L .rrl.r; ,SS "ltt-
r.Lr .r_ | O*;; t t_ c^"'.+
.c;l.t ,.L; -2t ,*l ,;- l'..i-l -,7r eJ \ ,9 j: ,-2V
.1ly s.a ,-4-1. )l ta;: l4 p*l+ e+lr.r d ,ylejrf f^ .rts \s' C>"1 Ct ;li;--t l. t* "'J; ,s*or, ! -r,_! uj-\n L; slt .C Jl-r- * ;l',, j,: lly;l,F + .;-t.,7;17 y-l )l t:S,r.:l:- I ;l6Li eJg2-r..
jl.r F) ;t S s;3 ,;; A. . .(.rJL, .,.;9; 4 jl ?S + .n-\
)) .:..-'4. ))J, <,.-...aL;; )*)i \si -r.L- ..rJ,r, .:li;*l .r.,2
.,*l jtt lt- i; -/. )lf s L;i rl .c*l '/A el:
.:.,!L:-l : ,crl',:b; 'dlp ,A
,r-; r;.;; ;'!L:-l ;r!.l, p,!-! tl ;'-l tl .-;.. f--tJr ..*t dr!^r c/ .,[-)tl- I tf)J tra rl5
'"- I .rrl
e {1 .,YLbl V+a-. t) } all-, l(,J'!-r;l Lr ,{ i'r!)) r[Ll-r\/ tJJ) ,r, L; Jl-r*l drl ! d ;..^-z ,t;-u" cL-:;
uI J.U C'_l ii*l J!-u*l 4tl Jr-l jl .ri_ t_ ) a-4i, U. )S
:J;r;ui t, c9.j ;,1 ,54' glt.*l .g;Li J,)lLj-l iJJL
uS j_'2 ei Jr-Jq- 6!19 ca., ;., a5 l; , Ll tl'* Ca5 l, i\ ).grLl ;el-o ,(\ )J *:; la- Jib .Ft' )r .f:ar.,, J::','
,;", I ./A iU " * .^+O t J-" l,rl u.- *\- t'-Ju^
a s-le.u- s n_-$rr,".;J J- p: 45 de ;tFV--.-oL; 3t ;'r a tS .n 2.. .z: te. i.;t J ) *l P --..-.a Li .9r;1.>e (--7
r+lr.r 3 ;*\ ,gl^.>s ; L-o ,Qa ,,1r i,,l} a.,,-l ..j-l Q
.rS ,*t, (Y)r (\) 4tl J-| e: ,-Lly:G.'L; uJJ ,"
(1') tQ,P) = '8(2) Pa(3) Qa
;., 5J J.e,r" , (Y)r (i) q (r) .J"L ,,\1, ;rt.,r,\ ,r-;L, 4lS o,-\ - Jr*kr ,rU d_ ;lr; - ,_J-; JL
,rr5 lrl -u,r",r;.,. l!:*l (Y)r (\);t 'U!:. tf) 'D\f 6)
,r:.6. Clrrr- 'J! ;lr3- s;e^ .;t \,; ,t\J ;"^s ;a ):
-$* ;*l .!, -q -!r+ (May Brodbeck) $,i-,r : ,.6-U o",o
.r-lj.* ,\Al ;)!-..: Scien til i6 Ame icao /"-r;j 2' p \y6] a-."" !.1..j!, oli-.,\1df
V\ ,r.h- oYt":-l ) .llr-l f
+ .f+*)€ o*-i 2; 4;:.11" l- *; u'lt- 1 t- ut"; "al;
J'J-u:--lr l- V-4-* i'iLj-l J'!-uilrr ! c.r 6>t}-t--:,-+ Ji ,fl; )l &t t ei, )tS ) r KrF-j" s;l i:-lJr-.Ur- | L JY-r;- l r-),r i\ )l Gtts, l- ir- gl9 1
)) & 45,5;Vi d,'iL:-'l Jl ,4 iu.SrrbL*..:*tL.1r a gir-r.c 1[L ;L-r ,rl, .K:i ,.,';! .r-i pI. (\) ;rlJ
,--* '*F !l-r*l ;,=.1 .c*l *^. 2 $l;-tlJ > +-l
.ts-V : cr,- I ii;- I Jl'i.u-l f--: 7-l;l ga ;*l rJL t<Jy
J: .*;l"r;13,,.r-l=r ;YL:l J':i-ril, 1, ;i 1U ta-.a'' .r;-d,Ylr-l ,6 r^ ,-V t ilt;. ,s,l r'*l l; ;i 4,.r'. e+; aJlifj ;'iLj-l ;lrii- a"r l5;9 J -L: L .-L .rlr,-r;1'-+ e;rLl
a L-^a .r--ur.r, ts--l ,r:-l ,tL;, "S ,5, s-tL -5 dr::',- l-l ;i Jl
.d,- ;l aa lrry ,61 Jt .-r.r:,r, ellLi eL- i5 'r::-"r ,"9 v-rl-c-
Lr- t L- ,gt-le y3, + t;p 4 rl t- c-3q ,f +';r<orl5 .r':lr--:,;Y'J-r;ll l2 t-\ t.23,.9, g'-l) '-r'--i , !?tJ"
.rLo"r- lr.d;.. .t<i ,65 J':l-n- t r*** ItL a; , (r.Eu.
;r .Jr-*r ;4 a-V; )-S tj u. ;lj.rl;- Lr-r, ,,L1 -,, ej
J,-Y, s-,lF*l gt-ooF 2\;-3a, ;l,c -.-; c1liiaj .iJ L).ar.:,r. dl;l )f ':"-)J 6,1y. ,3 .;4.
:.ii1l'r ,,- I jl rJ 6 Ul -r elr.r a( l; .91.-u.o ; 19;
! ,;lr,.r. - PL:- t ,s.tLl - d,'iL-:.'l Li P ju;4 6$i.i'iLj-l .r^l! :j,1-1" J'i.r--lil ,sl,-#)
/o rlr,1.,,L2l ."-,. P-.rYk-l J:..:.'.1 * ,-*t t..:*l .9;Li.,'i\-:-l i)L)' 6;\rDlj1 JL..j-l ';r,8 ; I
,5 ,.g;Li J'J-u-lrl \sJcrt) ,E4. tt^ 't(-"-' 9-l 6 l.riii'
.:'ll';-l -e ,ol:,=z; ,,jlt V.
.r-l J5 r, rtq^.-aLi-r 6"_ I .5.2L1 Jl--. I ,5 ;:-sJ 9r; ;l;u.or ,,.-.--i: r*r) iJl ulaa d,,_
I Ll ..:*l ./A i-!'++.-? Ji r.l r.l tr|.ri,.r p:rl. {,- -,r l.; r.L ;l-rr.. L;i
o:.^, U-l .;*l .-..^* rr r.l r se!-- _rl5 .r_-g .--+ d,.,,1 .71-r.c. # t* + .4-S ,V;l a.;3*j -2r r.L- .21-rL L ..r,_U l_.1
.jyll ,/ +ij., c-L- 2r 44-:- u;-.i.I , [ 'b-io U -r,-! Qa;;rvr..uL:-;lr
., d-"--j Q;..-,1;,.9.2L1 JL..-l :$L pL (\\ S r$ |f j6-r \ ,tlJ ,t-l { .r{-., ,55-l l*l '/A ,P ;..eVXl 't -* zly r.S- c..-*
,,1--.,11 .:..-a 4 6- d rr-
; l ,sl,jJ dl ;':lL:-l rl.r; o,_l ;.r5 o! (iS Jlr-.Pa (l):;*l (j* i p' rl5 ^s 11 .cs t*+o .,t*,;- (r) .r.iL:. JYLi-l n-i,r I l) lf)i)tf -t;u' ufl-St Jr.6,.!trr ,c*l ./A$l:1i1o.trt ,.1-t { !-..; ea
;t jl- .sl,;tJ .(I, ,.srLi .r'iL--l tlJ 4. i b J.-lt: I,t i* ;;l.ll .t(i ,.Lrq .uF cL_ y 6)34;- a5?4
l, .9r.L L. r, t riL .,Ytj- | 1l;u, -t-rt .d ,r,,t t_\
J)lL"i- I r[L o,l J, ,e.S J! .ri rl"l (f )
JiJl;l ,iJ L1 _,2-, d .rtn.r+ 1 a(Jq ,re rD lr,*.,
.tS u' t:S :tc4 +;* ,flr;l
"-:-_ ,;*l .,,_l i*l L JY,i;-l
iJL-) .rl _2: ll ,pfJ u-;2.i!l."j>l j.L! ct! vt5 )., l) r.t:- ar, t .v
The Continuum of lnductive) sJ lj.:-l 6Ws _.t ,:;: lL /, r4;- s*;;,rL\t. ,r- -r.L: ;,j ;t* u;lJ ;F (\ldy ,rlK.r .l_(ll, vernoos
p-S C,- '"u '.uLi .96r;;
i;tJ ;8. / lt. - .1'
6,1 L .-r..1
.P)
f.p4-t ;l ;;4.2
,u-tS ,lrtl & lr .--A t iy"t rb z;-. '1-ra; ;l ;i"-# ,-*-, d rJdb .r3;.r. n,.r--L;i ,,,t t, t 3 ;*l .91$-
C-,_l Ll rr.1lr r-.1-- ,- l-r.rLi -, cte ,-|*k 9 u,.ra: ,rtl:
.l5l; ;tfrU- r, l4i .g-,rb ,rt-. F U u;--U;I; ;-),J.r, c;l:rL- l-, k-\i., brb ,r=J.r .tf- kJ5 + ,p-5.r
;! d,*li j* + b Si .it* ef * " .,,-le L: ,J.!S :ta.2:2
;rr )U eV +'U.e.g-rl: .rJ Li ';i t ,r.l,-Lii Jt) )) ).5irLLj jlJ) rf q1i;l ,"9 ;l-uL:- g-b bg+r', 1t+,1 .rL.cV 4 e dr-l .tq ., ..,,-i c*., a. ;3*ut J-V c-Jn-l ,-5.l .p-$ ,r:S *rs o21JE;. ,.912 o,-la-9:;3. ,.-.=!
al.r"--tri 1 .; .r e-)l; t) + .C .y'; 6Lrj+ l, qr.-r.
't)€,!,-* & cj'+".c I o+-,)Lt ;t, t u,:.-V;I ;1.;,
.:,)L:-l e ,,Jl', -"ii ,ii.ili VY
,r .r--l 2 tS u. 6-t ,:*at;r! rl-l g;lX, [5 1: Yr^-,
;: .r:;lt.,_V; \r,-l jr-l .jL, ul or;L 6lr, nLl tgla;1t
.try',g els &
VO s;'-t-jl ,jt).1
.1lr :j,->..1 C:J s$Uti 4t 6-r* ,r.e L*l .9to-2L:;.i
.rt.t *. .t*.tr;y' ffu + e5 .:^..-o d-J- ,r.tl{.j L,--) u-l + t"i 6 J i:.. 4.j ;r,l 6,\:,.o1 .gl>s.o. ,;;., ,^.' .r-;i r1- ! c*l irS ,; e( l, .,, l-r..i .r:;l;.r.
.'L:.:p o-t-S 4 ,rs .'"J,r )\ +)i r, .rl!I &.,, "l;=+j, uai, I t;V -r.o [L 1.2 pr, a_l t;S ,;;iSc*r d-J 6 #rr 5l{''.,r eLL; p .1ll tar; cS;lJkl + . :* t .,, ^i ,5t- ,-ty' lfu t, ,s2 u--l;i ,'.
.,,_ I eL:;_lra _215 g,_l .c*l ti-Ei JL*-t 4i rl;l .$ls,I+i .ru-, r- + ..r!_-,b _.,, ;Lr3s2 ott, ti d 4lr, ,a ;:1.2 ,p.,-e-r i l2 6l r.-"1;; rJ l-rc''. !; .rt-i 'r L--b +y'L; ; l.r,:,.:;b 6 ,?t !r* *.r. gr.. .r:!r ij ,-;.-i,i.-r-i -ul; ;! .1 ;L;_lsiL;i ;l .rr- L- I 3t_; 6=r -r-:^*
.r. L:+l ,.:ls -u-; b .c .l t1-2, ;L:.r l; ,* J .?lr. )*.2 .'lil [ ;_L_,i: g_rL-)l J;lji.s. S r-;i r .:*l ,r- Vr^t
,91, L;: ,; ,tle 7\41 ,9 j,y ,_gl-or;., .g1, la:-_L;i
e5 .:* I .ri:'- :rf- S.LJr;t-l f ,..-.i .5J.1 ,n): cL ;rr.;\c-J.e, ..u;L jj? ,s-_n ,r-t.s 4 tl c*l 6.,(- -r,.ra ;; e[-
,j' 2:V;il ,6,)22V5 !j l-uj-j r) 6.-r ,.L;,1r.r,lt "tLr[
e5 rzli r.1-..1 3K.l ;,,- | -!l-5:., l,l; .tt .rr2i u. ,1^t n
,u! ,ru ^++ Jl ut ,ij,,t+l I lry.r ;,.^1 tx-_[i.ry.! e.-l;. .) '. ,.-j; L .r-r,., .,!Li;l 2r 5 i-l .s s*- JstrJ ; I .tt.t\ u-_\n'; - .2t uca-d r, ,,r.1L;l ;rr;
.;.-U;i g.b u;b .ir5 el-ul ;ir 4. blre l-,,.rJ,9U.
c.,)l'.J-l _e ,;'+j,d;lt Vf
,t l.t ,.tt* , - rJ i3.1 + ,--pr--.- \. .s ,"-l JL e-_9lr*,1 ;'+ Jl 'n trt5-,.:*l ;,(- .-u;; yj";iil ,r-_Lri,: l1|.c- rt5 I & .51-u;;; ,'-l* .2t 1.1 u-:--V;\ ;tl l-.rr1 ,[5 t blt rs- lL-t JtL + l-t .:"s -t ,t-l \t,;t- ;l o>-r++ J, i-h ;rI , .") 6,-l ',1; crl.;L- Cltu;1':+' r'
'*'L;: ,1;;-., ;l 6tY c:+, ,.1Lc1 .-r.i l.r. jIr.c.; I r- *.r: Io-:+;., ) .--" d 6U,:v.; t f=S ,K igl I rr:1,",-r
+ +- )t; o5 1.,,r! )t+t + )r.tK-:"-U;i-,1, l; ,rL-l; .l;1rU
7*: : 4lr J-l r-,.j .5 l, r;i : -i! 'L ! +rr CL-.(L ,.::.; 6F .*-L;i rt- i:i.i- o,-l l-l ..rl5 t--j,,l t-xe4u,
.rrb ;L-i:- ..r,J+, eF,lr ! ^5 -(-? c*l .r-iL;i6)) r)lir t.gr(-., ,.1"-V, t ,rr$l ;rle el ,,; ":b
, .,,ls;Lri ;l-u*:.;b o,_ I .r;5 *_Uri pr, Jr; .g l,or*-'
f+li Jl ,<-; YJ.,. r5 -u-or.r, fqpl ff" tl ulVtf-u.nr,r, .rL:J r9,i rl .,IJ 1"3." .+ .tl d r,l ;r 1.:r. -;l-r1.;Jle e rb rlj ol.-_L ,:s4 c:t).t ;:^; t ji u L- 1, ; l;,,r,
Jtt 7t-at FIF i.s\.D,.e.rf, r-t )t.:.5.rt!-; l) i+l
Jt '2 jV *-u;\ .+i,r- L a, oi & .ruii 3 .1:y;l
lvr P)'tr ,; & 'r3'- t, !rt-; 'e* '-i )L' -L:.r'
L)e At r-:56...r..'- qi l-r-:l.s, Lrl.,, i<!- I L tjrr.'-.cLt-l l'9lc '.- ':b 6+ .:Jl : -ua.r \-*J_/ li){iil ,g;ly4,;;
;r- I + 1l --rl J i lr.r, ..r-r: ,$ij l, .,..-:L;i ;=.q rtx*:y------------,
jt+, lt.ro$l ,.-:-Ic.-,1 '; ",1, ,'r7 .rb .r.o l; .-,El -,|5
..rJ,.sj! ;L;rJ.1l ;LL.;l U .u;l.r;
Uti ,d--+ LL-+l ..r- ,llt+ ,r.-r: S G"t G-
vv si.l")I jt).l
;;2LL t2.2ut c,:rt- I Y! 6t b\.1+ e_r-5 ".inLi Jl S .+;Cr-=* ! .r-1nr.r 7* ,;L-t O*lr^K .-:L .91r, l1 -21.r'.
yrii- drl.r r*d ! t i; l-,.^i(; c"[ l_.7 .5r,r[ii- ulyrr ,l-g.;: t.-ri ls" Jt-.jl e- 9* tS &:
*. l2 tLrr' 7_:[ii. i...0 d c*l ;ly 6:r L_ ,,r,_la; ,--iu
. l dL; L rl5 :u;L -,!-*r ,J-l_r" Jl Ul :So \, e;f t a;lt + C.f :1-r;.r l; r-e,- j-rr ;6 ;tr.i -2.r ;,,_17 LKl Jl )^,6. !-, pa { \ .l-lg 6,-l )l ..!b+ L"; 6 +-rc*l ,r.-_L,i \.:j 04 pK ;,,_y.rL 1_rlr;K , - -1j Mt cZ 5t L 11 4,,-l .:j;; a;l.rat( ;"[ '-J /CY oi;r .{5
;[i2 b pr.trr- -r-* lt 6- L,*_ .i ** "],U
r5 ur,r, l_.7 Mz
-r,_L:; U_ .rl5 L;- uz.rel 'JL Mr .,:.gr -r,_L: .:4;--j.1 6J--tc*l .r- [- Mz;lta.. .uS Jt -. .t r.1; Y! J.el Mz ,Mt tl:_21 l.
iS ss, J ,F ,!,-;:-zo + l, ;i ;l;u. S Mt,l;L ;li,--l 1 ..-*:r 3L- ;.,,1 .gl7 glal:L ;* l ;$- ;- t "t:\,Me ,Mt,,_>V -St ,drr l+. ,rp' ,.9:2.t-- ;;V r ,-;s--E iJr[.. 6J Mz ,'2.;':lL rvr ,r;rr .Ki ,-ut +U ...nzs
r-lrl lJ r_;. ;-Lri .,*l ,6 ;Vl \;r- o,_l Ll .Jjs, :+-r-r+ rr_ Jr;r 5F. ,F, J.t' K-Y ,L ; ! : ,,."r.r,;,+- + i.r+ .-5.r...uLi f-:4l: -D,a + 1, p,;3.rqrLji .$., gr,;t-K: clU e c3 +- ;.:b;- L ,=;,.r:le ,st.t )1.:*l 65- :21r" ;l o2za )) .r_a)(t pQ;l .rr-+.-t- 1.2 63 ^- ;El, i-n t .r:+ JL;L ,W4 L. LrJ.
'r-l! I .r*J rt<* J:1, +* l2 ry; j-u o-* it,?6 t "j't ,, .s' l; L3,r"j-lrr i-^ 3 irtl, tt-t t;re
o)L,>l r ,ola4; ,balri Y,
l, Ia-iL;l JS cJ-t;l; .;l JS-i:+r.r tf..- t, t;t tsF cr:& -,\.a;-:- Jt -Jtj ta;_Lri gra 'f e_rl
rj;:rr. ii L_ 14l
r.2j,. i-r..-q -t" Ls-: t^ ,!l* dc J;:5 )21 1a2 .2'
l, - $l ,l csrle r; Jt - ,ll* .b-. d ,-*- lt t:rst;., *f ,e!15. .;,-Lri -,1, )L .c;fS;k5 e e;1, !-5,r-r"tj -!-!
l) jJ l5l-l ;*r ;5- ,,.:5.r- .)l;- I .,,-k -,r I : kirt jl ,i
rr;i l).FltL Ll 1b r3.-3 JK!-l r5,,1lr,r" .,.,-f ,-u-rL
;(- t\; Jl.r+ + ,K gr" l, l+",Lrl u d.r,rS {19 ;-1l.il rl ;* I r5 s\.:;,5,- 6
",.t-+l ! .p_L;l ;r.:*l
;t- ,-j;V &r J.+ rl 'i! .sk--* ! .+.t- .d )in,r' rJ -A r- ljo c-eLL ,&t ,r-\ a;;1, rl5 , - &r.,, lr.r, dL.5 aS l2 uJ'lg ;i lx; .ru-;I., ,c. S .U/ -^+
"91, ;l.il I unlK .r;lK u,.2[:5 r ,.!;U ,.--L;i ;, ;L-;L
S ,*t* jr .,"- r*l ;.,(- .;Uri i-> \rt ,s.., jr -,1:-ll.L* r-- , :,;-...t aX- ;l;L- ,91 1, xS u, Si
6 Co C) .+,i,g,J c'..- l-, ^Ltt $l* ,r.:t 4 -fj -dr+ -!1.l o,+: *rL Jl:o.rl 1l .gl.rL ;l ;r[- l, ;'r l_r.' r-.;r a"rl_9-,r.: g_-.,l.t 1i5 t 4s )\3 )l t --b.'1.+ *i bi- .t: lt --b t*- c,1* .1_r1., .Kj .-r i; oK-l -\-,i: .slJ 1e^.; ;\3 ',i, ,JUJ\ .-Sun,:S* ,s/r,r.
" )i ,.s l^L-J ;6 ;;17 2r, Jl ;- S ;*l ,9 rr,;1 .,i;LL rl ,;- L i:..c..r a,$ -4 lL.r I t_ ,j,\il iL-lt
;L; ,l.r; ! .r-f, ,.r, ,L__+ r.:^ l-:-t .:* I ;5- (ttJ r;,r\..,1 ., ..b ,l;l ,.; -i .,.1" u ..1; l, ,6 .-l -r, L .-;L .u;lr
I C- /r - l-- '
s,L-t-;\ ;t.t) .1
..r;;U a;b .9,;b
\s|alj*\ i);,
. \-f Jsr
,.-*l c*1r ai l)l:- ,.i,..-tr" ;;;l: L9. r,N , U "pt
.rF ,F +,r blt.r. S # f.- Jl 'e sl;.!,;l J,4l ,t-i-S .4,U ;El;L r. .s>l-c-13 .3r.a * l1
"l-lg 2l
")cri .:2lt; ):+s yl ;,-l Cx* 6lt *-VrI t+ t, ,-r^ l,
'L; l-1
oS , 4,r jt; ,-,-,1, 7l;l ;l Ji ,lrr.;.' ll .r"5
i-ts" ,y ,11 I d- Jl u-S'a e,.:lKo' t,sst cgla++
l-r rlji ;L.t 5V-11. ,t.ts, c*l ,Lo [ .K*, dr',| ,rj lr'-l ..'rl.ri
,f-*r:.r-o...,,1.5,- r-L: :+J ,s\ 4l. ,-l ti .-r;l; -r.ol;
A- J4' St) ,l ;- ..,*-: J^ ++ C'-l .: .r.=* 6a !;*l
.r-l e-Ur -r 6;U ,-;5.-; ,jtst J:,217 -2r iLrl rf ;b.r,<'r-;l'r;.;Ul
c-le. ,9;ts rs '.ts. -t" 3.-*.1 !'J-r*l ,L-o c*-;r 6,-l
6 ;*l g:'1, !f.-,5 ,i))+ ,sss t V.r\-"l-ji t u|sV.i5 t- ,r5 J;l> r3.-. e ; l;i.; .-,1r, t CS 't Jtr.r!; -r,-U
.i)L:.'l -; o+i,i';li VA
'4e't4* rL-'t -u.rlpt+l ,-r;K l. I l-, t-;;-Lrl .,U Jl.- e!- ;lrr r1
i-rr 5 .-*l nrb eL:; .r.--.1 ;.-Li .g-:6 -h ,t tjrrr5 pl.r, ,..o1;,r, .5,.r
^* 'UU;15 ut, rUi t y+- ,;-21-
t:*l ,5;K ,- -5.'r* J.ll .r:!-;4 ! "F. .:-J u 6,-l
pFl ",--r-;i ;f-' ,56.,\3 L i-r-, c.*l ;5- .1au'.tS + 6
"rJ[ o;rr+n a, I c-;l-uK; ;U l; ,-f.b' ;,',-t L Ut ,-..t
J<"- t +f (r) csl,;|3*l G-b ,,' \,,;;;-u-n .-5,r- l,5l,:.21t ,l ri j\ ,St.t I ,9la:;2 L !'rn u -"-.:, d- ! (\-f
! l, .rrU 2;;J ';lsl;l;,r, ;Li 4l;\3 ,a- ,1-t-rn
\ ;\3 ,:,rly 4-t" ."J .:L_j r d bi-,.._ 6t) i1.1 ..,r1, ,=;-)r.r" 6;,)lJ;l t rL; 6,5-j J'-L)
i--.;-' 3-l' a- .Lu;rl j(l(- s .r-_t;l ;l;t ;l J.r
.g La--L; I c*l ,'.rY ,Srr cr-.* l) )l;i ) i- ,;-l)-J;J- &' Ly.t Jl* :szt f& 1l N g-.t:I .1".c + ;u-rii.,-+t ,tt \ ,Jrt g.,J6 ;13 6 .*tc ;l ue .7_r
,.srL u-b J<- t-i.(il X.,ai;., ,-i;l LttU c*l "(-
e-j, L) [,-l-ri rl o;a4,2: aS r1b,r. 12- L- t:*l ;V;\3.;*l g -b ))t,..r-; SS; pLt t,r-l- J:J b t .?t t\!.r; ,.-.* "[i ;*l Ltr, u-b J<-; Knl ua.r--; \2;-l 2:
.ll* t*r,',-rl.r c-..l i-,;Lyr r5,r;[ \ .;*\ ji u-b e-'fK-:;-U2i 1le c* I o<- .*CU .; :l) sr;L ;l;u, l; f--;LJ ol;L* tsr-l t .1+ ,"-l,.tJ u* ;;-l1t :)-r4 t :rn..r.;L a:b ;t--L..;i t ,s -rJE
t4;i ,.:...;," ;*l ;,5- '! r::--.r
e5 -r-i;l j:p ,-l2V,-,-rr.:- ..y-1,- *;ltu. L2 r"V l) J-l-o o'-l
A\ .r:,_.jt j4) .l
-l ""_l ! 01.* 4.sL;rt ;*l ;(- Jr..,rlr;,;,_L;l .,r,-
.nt Jt k; nt u! it--. i*l 65- a[l .-r:.;L -"J|.;'-
t ;!l-,.; -u:1., .;Lrl )V"l; G+rr:..-V , 111;l u.il2A +i , ;1;"r; x_V ,=:j ,t-l a, lSu. eLS;[i ,'i:;lI'-rl ..r.;-i b :;13^ ,Sl 2, .r113u" ,lt "*rt uL LyiS uLlr,, \, ,-r, .-1'.
G ,J.lrr ,-r5,r. a.il I !i- irL-,r
A \ Jblrt ..,,LrL .slt;_Lri .r lr-- I I -i.L.r: rj.r .-r- lG.S.rl*- t:*ru" !r{; o}; *
;-'L* ._,j_;{"r ! "+_bi t Ltr. ,}l* 6 t-S ,p};ILJ. 2 ;)-a; ,.-rrl pl: 1r .a-'..,.2;L:.ri ,.-2lr-- Lr:11 .ll L
'*ltn, .&.'.i-4,-r -.:- | j:) .2: rr* ,l L.r, -U;tl Js"-+, S' .-5 ;r-;r ilrt)l rr ,_l,b - -r_t .,: -\-u,5;i[- a.,ol3,-;.,,-5 ar[,] ,L:,i {:,-ll-raK, -t l;;_slr-111 2: l; -i':; Jl ,r-_ .srr _r* rv \ o-$- -,* + 6_112 a- | ,rV; J\ , 4*u. ,,;aV; [L . ; ^; ;K r+- ,iSGtl. e*-V:l rh .t-l .r..., -u1; rlrL ar_ | + t n- C.-'l-' pf,;l r"Jb "l Jr r's!_, ;r,11 .5t! r,_l ; l-r5-_r4 a5 c*l,.r;! -1, .rlj. )g ;rlr- t2 't Jl S rr9o J,_, ,_rU
.i*l ,-.,,1J .-'-tL:i : e+- +r- J-Gc,:; l-roK; ;U !) a: l-r,a lK: u.l; lr rL:.! -r,r iLrr;rr.:=qy- -l! dt- | .n-r.r. t*; lt ;tl- L. r.t (.-,r*-:- ,.5 t-t i)s
f+- ,-r-s cij; L J ,Jrcr, rqj f.+- ,-,15 d.>l.r.rl;r- L ata5 iL
a.-o l;,-, .-1\.,.--, L;; 2 i- .s; tlr;l ! -r,_i.,, di,_l,.
.:.')L:-'l .1 ,.'lr,*i .ir.1li A'
- J.9l lo ;L-o e*;.r #, cr- 4 F+ .l5i ;l,i rl -r,-r;,j.\S J,-l ,,J>,t a, .c .l .9;13;.r ti .roK - L2r" .1.19 6.rn,F.r.; ;, \^'-r- sJ,' AV-:t ,SWrlJ r, 'U t- nl ;*1: .r_J;\ pL_r.- irLj--l .,;3. oK.-, e_rJ *.tx;- r-:.; b
^-.t5l )l .-uS..r" .r- -="S q e*. L.ls..t i1[;r .'j.-Lir;5.tr-u;l-r; ,-5;L- O-ti r,, "f"
l-r.c;),; a5 a.-:r
L-.2r ..2)r ,,r a5 r5,r^;
)-t=t g;r-t i, t.ts- i)r i;!;r ,rr 15 url) s+J :;13. ,51 y;,1 i;l 6(- ..'.2[i,r. Lttt t -3" ,]l*..r:-;:.;1.: ,r-*1
a.;f l .r.,1 ,..-.r 1r" r!* .-! .\,_J+ dtaif ;., Ll .-u;L r-*;.:;15l, e L.n Ki-., .r^l(.iLji ,r+ a\-,r' Jl 'S r5; I-,1 ..rJ
"!r*- t- G\-.e .--i),'K:" U-, C .K .,,t .: L- .r+.11 ..:11
Lr- r,t t-.; ,|l* ,tl .4;u" *113.gtt.++ -,, ,r.-!u-l ,r^S Jl .;;-.1, aLJl ai * 'UilL ;l;,r- J j Jt ,t;U
.y :9.;i-o[crl L- r[ .-; .r-_i.r l *! ,.,.:lt" 15" l_t ,-l-lg
l2 Ls,. ,l-lg i.," i5 si rl 3t .dl ,rJ...e -,t-L-)-,-u-; ! ;_L;l
"f, U- c*l Ofu ,.+ ,til ;l;lr,r .rS ,-r,
lG u* 1r -i,_! .1li ,r, I4,i t),_ JL- s-.tt Slt is Js.rl;l 4 a5 rL ,1n l; +-Jel ,9\:'j' jb tp , '; Lrr,-r9 o-r..:; .r;Lil )+ .t(JLl.g ;;;l> Lr, * I, V ,);x;-r;g_r J) r "K;-qi;l 6;[- ;L.i_;r 3, &., L_i ..r5 rt,t_,
ts ,,-b \l r.,;1, .9_-.'L- et.t ,6 . ,lK-lL;lr, os .9r,lsst* .tr.J+ji tt ..+t ;F- J--.+ ;r-;i ,r;t )t .r:-;,,[- ,rl) ,r<j- .-,_Lri I c^; ,;*t-f ,ri 6*+ \, $St \,fS .7-:lt &lr" .r I ;t3"si ,g\ ,?S ;jtt e*l .r4,--l !{t 5-";L e" ;_l;I ,lil :-V Glst JL {t -:scr.
1 Robert Boyle
Al s.L_l4l arr) .l
or! .iJIi ,r,l-r,:a .9.:u.r3* ""J Ga.|r+_, , ,j, ;fz )\: I
f lr- ,-'.;,lr- i22" 1 ,'.-- ,1V ,5111 .gr-rc .91.6* !L r3,-3
d t_ , ,!, ,.r-;L.r, ;Lt,r.'lr. g.,l )l 6- S ;;S ul;u,Jl ,tJ 4-2t: c::^z bl-y tr b J_t utV r-:t .il + .)re{ .*"n-;L:i rL-1| ! ,l;! +U 6-r-- )g ,,11r- iaz;
or_ I 'L1- .r5,r. -,U_; l, ui r+,.71:j .rJ6 t' .e*(J ! r:Fer
c.!: ,.J:r .'r,U a, -L lJ oza ;l ;; ai .;.1 ;rU eL ;r5; ,rU ,sa;- trL.r.*_+. + lr t- J [;ljr Je.r;1,d rts .5*"+. elt€ b;i L .;*l ;-;u> ,\. ., ;i ;l
..r; L,r, ;:U L_ ,:.,r. r[ t" .f .,:_J8 )-y; € ;rK-I ,u^;. tt,ti ;,* l; u{ JIS;I ,.rt,
tiS ,rtl lt ,5ti ,..r^c uTliP.V = T.R.
y =lr. n.
Jlt,rf ,C ,* ej -,) + I, G.r^s :))L o,_l Jl.?j .;iJ aa,i; l, )1V ,r,li , .J,r ;r;U ;-;,.; Jt(-l2 tS -; e ! - -,) lr- L.r, ,r.- ,rLi -.:-J ^- 9 .t;S
'uL; ;_Lrl d):- )r .-u! -1" (B {.+ .t" ) tK _,le kjj
rr f.* it!-,, .t9*u. tl-_2 rLi r", ;1lr- '^1,.;t e 6 4 rl,L-j r.+.' S ,l& p"lto; .f ")t al y s.;iS 6l;u.,! lrq+l ),1 O,-l O=,. ,911 .tVu..-l-i L- e -,e;,r. { o*.f! ;rlt L;' Jl .; ;1" \ .)t "; , .-)\- L.,r rL4l .91{-. :
6- 3 '3-4 r+:- Y! Jr",r rl ,-ul .rL_j ,2L:-; rl "9-r+ u*--
.-)\- L-) 1 lVi 1 r-r ,.,ri.c. CIF -Sl .4- u. :l-, ;eaG-!. r-+- !r!-,, tst= ll;4 L-l- a-l d.,..,- .e++
.:,)L:'1 -e ,c,4zi ,o,iilrt Af
r*l I l, .r-rU .r-l) .1lr -;i:- .--.- -; l-r' L. -,,, ! r+-.+l-" -u-! (*,1;,_r, JlL .rrU ,,'r!.lL :Jl; .9;lrr 'u,.r b
t dl llFiL r .i-tg-.,U ,-lL ! ,; l; ;1lr- L..2.' ri re1
:*r .,lF+L e-.;r YVI t_ u.!lL rjt-u ;i ,* 6 ,rV.,,., .r--15; t e lri-r1 ,nsl-;J5 ,J 6 l, ..,,"lt a-l .7-j-. ";ll;l.*1,r, rtealJ5 ,.l=Lrr L- <.!L ,-L-rr t; G7- et)i b;7 r. l; .f,l'' ,- )^ 3 ,rfto Jilt u17' ;Vlfl" 6;3l
.e:;l fl-; .t, ;.t\.y cl l, ,StV O++ ';*l ;Ui tS '"jnp L-r+- 1L^i- J jru +-l Ll :rrei;*r ! Jrl ,rU,-rU .rr-l .,:*l 1l4e-2 \s*. d -fr' 6'li;'- ;l ,J+
";t".?r. J-V -u Li .-1U w'?- )g )lri. Jl ^S -t-Ju. utt&:.ts 2 J2l r.>- 4.t; :f .-pI.- L ;*l .J rL*. ;i fa- s -tviI e5;*l ,-1i l, ,ro F,aJ.rL. e,,-l ;r .(PxV=rxF s:-- ) R -UdJt d .l .El.l+l-, .r-. ,,rtt e agV ,t-l .S,S ,i ;tK j*
ee;li ;.r -,21 i;US q -,f.* ,.rr-5 .r:.r-:,1, ,r-17 Ll 1 ;3 ^-,lr.y c.1:l{ l1 sg ;.'15 "* ;l .3 .e,.2\* Jl 'i'l f--'
:J ;;2.;1. It u,t-;*l ;K* i,5- 3 rl.' ;L; ;l;,r, ..,L .r+Lii o,-l L
tt e -&-, ,|t* €*2 e { ..-l.te r- Fl-roK -:"ti L
.51;lr a5,lr.y' f-,!tL Lrr:,)r, u:{i1-! ;-V;l.trS u*tt;*r *
"riL.;i;r,-l ;l ll,-;il.5,r ..ur,r,;L:; ,'ril.eli;-....r1
*.r.*t $y.r pv JSitit;r L .,,-ul; ju tt-iu'
,il, at d/-l .rF ,1-et: jt-S J<- t +! 4r9 ,-2.o;'-l
2. Jacques Charles 3 Lord Kelvin
ps,ei o;lsl
d ttl., ,
.i'JL:-l e .ol,+bi ,i;lri At
d.# dl, ^, '2t-- y's oilt _51 q_bz 3 r*.€ tp"g;Loo-r,-.r,- ;l ;V\aa; t tJ t)irr .t lrr ,r+u*" ,r;L't
c,,-l + # clt, .xit tL F cilt ut -r"ol;11; ;''-lr+!, ,-t , .2: $ c*l ,fu ,t-l .ri"! ,r3 i t rl'L -r''-! g;tt;
.)* s. '2J W
o.p
l# L;-y'r -,,
i- r, ;Li +;rli,s ,t)t, J.$ a^rU, u;L l, & r.nb.d t ,rV,r!..r,; :rJ
"i,- o-r'-c j;-:
i.n) , l) ,; 3 c*l .,..j{.i. (+o)) 1*> ;l pb.r glLiot3 J) r5+or) c.-.- a..rtL i.-o ..ur.r. CV 4Y- orj i :e ,sV;+ t Lr.,a; .;lrr,-.r, 7)tl - aEttVc=-' jrtil c,lc)ttl aoU. ;,,11 ;l eL- ,.l .Jri:,.-.o ..ri.:.2 t rU-.
t- J t- ,rri 'o d- ro-&. Jt'>,t .*'n L t '"- otr- +
.s:V '4 6l ;rqr, P+ lK-l ilr-;: c*l .$;.-,9*,rL;lr1t I .et )lj 6 t:tJ>,- or2 2" l-; ,4 e-l Jl ,C|lg,-l .iL.,, )tr,r )p +f ur- u, ,-o, .{ 1r ri + -=;A ul1V rl .r+ ,;-l ,91,,s; -4lK tl
.,r, J)1, .r5 il)F<c*l 613,.-- .u; 6t-lt .,tt:o. ,* L e, .*l ,rf .€J )l ;V.,11 <c .l 61.21-u lr'ii- I 2l .rf.,. dr,-|,,., .c*l ,9 ;.+. F,gV )1.
J+ .5 J.Jcf., +j U-l q .:;l: -,.; :.+ J--t.:,bL" r'.-l
Aq d, rr lxb Lt 6 .d
t,: cr "rS ,f; L .-u-rr* rL* .rF a.aU- 1.1" Crl
.91;k ,c I ,_r-l; .skrk- )V I GSp .2; ul; ,91, 1,j*; rt-l1iJt ^S
,j ,l *:-"1 a, l_.7 .r- L-;-; le; 5r , tS )lS.!r-+ e-+ ;l .rJl + ..'; ,.1(-l ..:*l ;L;le; j! ;li., p l"i- jl ,. e 3 )*J an-i;,1 ,, ,-* I 6(- ,_r.1, ":1r,
I .r;! + * +* s + 't*- ,p 611l: jn,r ,-,.3.; "p; .91.2lr
t-b + l-: * d. s ,r 6,,1 ,92 i*l ,f--,+; O*.-b a .!.. i rj
I er:r Jrl.-- t ,5ol-.s tl*;-l ..,t^r .Ek rtg -J
.r!-*o1* + l-t r+b +-l alta ,t-L { otJl J:5 6+$) ,*6
'a; S ,.& tltr5t :"t rl5 .: .r lp J,..; -.aU-
Jl )2 .';l' rr.r, p- L.r u.a; ;l ,9 ;::.:-_Li5 rr.,. r; "1.-,.,-
l-t p C.t ,r ,.t-l ,.r-V t* d- u-ru L .r; lr4 L ,r-\'',lst,rI; olr)tll *;i.S c'+4 ,;1 * u;El;rD t +
.-u:, -ul; bu;*, E rt ,s;;:," Lr-o.',.r-F g+ U. Lr-r-!!e 6)1 J2 v-\;
,rJ grl -r,1.:f u-: )p.3 r+U., u* ntt e9o l,lc.:,
'rl :- .1 s3 a.-oU-;l ;+ r.- 2 ,-Li le_.; ,;1r,1 .,--:lK
r+U. { Ct^.6.r.2b r1.-3 & .r_ I ,, FV )t Ll .rs.,,.:*l .+,r, F r4Vrl ,_{ +U_t,-L.lt.c*l 6"ljct* 66;V,il CL 1 ,;lr-,;tS 1 r +D) r.=^L t, Ul; ,tt .t;S "bf l_,.J-r:- crF n rl.L ll; ;l .:IJ ^,6 c t
.r..i orz -.rU- )l JrJ.t,! .5 ,,r^:"U. d,.+ dt;L 15,-:._, ;,,,1
.-u:l.J o<- F ,s j,;lsl ),." Jl G-::rlr ;= "l .r::-..r(Lrit il*,.U r j*i-,- qgliJLz 1 lr rlrr-. r t'lr,r:l+ r--k+rl
"1,- r $- .3 .Sts ;l s;r,-; ub-. ); ,L;; ;l
F o\; ' ,sj ';t.t:t M
,lr;, - JrjL, ,3* ,r1.,;t-- - tr*.s" y.y-r-- bol-l t i-t)s/re..l; -.."U- .r:-cf * t ,i:a;Nt9. Jlu *.L JL-ttyll.u*(.-u - ,s*./ ,'ri J ;uI5 ;-!e l . u-.t^ U- ;,-rL;i
.:*l 7 ;,;,-l jl - (r^!J),) .,riL;u ,r,e,Jut-/ r
g;r42 ;L;!l r .lr.!U )Lil JU-J I ;r rt.-r- ! .; U.rr
J lrj.-.;,-;l) .rr-' .5 Uji )t .oS t -r.:, or; a.-oLi. ,5 ;- ;*l
i+ { -* lSu- u*+i rPb.r-l ,-' ,i 2;;rl *'WUL-,, ,' ,Sa Uc ,,*lt, .,---rl.,,- k,- 1 .,J r5 !!4 ! l, t+i )i,./ 6 ,r^+U. .rt-- ,# .+b rl "r[i';lrUL !r :-*l -,]L 6 i;)1 ;; ,i'J ,;l*l qs;-r..o ,-LLl,, tr -1-*L jl-tst tj& t;.;; 6'-l .;,2 .2etL 1\S !,1 lqtl{ -r p:! ,g},;l:-l ,;lt c-Ws., ,.,
l'u-; l; ,,* '$,r ,-};r -r, L; .J.r. '2t-- u1S; ;5 ;\; :-L_ a, l2 r.eJ- ;LL:
t .J "!; il* 'tj s ;-:+ ;J ;r .se ;) r ;,-l ,r:,e ..r"-i
Ll . -r.-- L r-*;r .--l ;,(- -,,:-:i 1., g,- I ; L!.- .ut.127 te>1
$ ;-.-,- .4;* { r-! .rr: ^S '}". ^aa; rSt .:*t .t*-t'U l.; ,rL r:- + --, e.oLL rr,,1 rK { r, l2:3; c*l 2 3,.-.
, uJs. *;1 e\ + ,3 p+U. ,r-,.r il J+ .5 c*l ;r:a ;,-1
*r:py i + .rr f+ll- ;l e ttt' r!.* rlil ,.,*F,.+|L.Jul":t *>; ) G!..1*,
or; d.L 1r Gr- \, "rr r<tr-D l- u1J, "!.r;l
r1.>; a=rlJ-
n-J e L L (j)rt) l- t<;1Jt J.; ,l .rF -rla .,u-'.-r" rll
^Ll; y ,9 J--' ,.- \ ,;-S L, ,.-.* lra:.- a ,.,.r* c\ -, $- A
e j;,ttt J"L; 4t .;)r.r.- lr+- + r.J." 6;i ;t ; J-; .*l.tt,*\ ,o:; l\ ) trJ .u* 4-1u,3 -;u",-r,! ;*> ..:-l
q\ fJE Ji l*' Li .- .d
,'1.r5 :r5 r.--tl iJrL e- i,,-l .-- l. ls,'-q 1r :p,r. ;i a.L5
,,r-tl, jl+ )-*) tr U-l s t)lj al, t L t,.:* I
.-r!rr r"o .r,uL Jr[,; )V p 1;lp 6D fr p rSt .t
i)S 2: 3 .,-r ,.u! J)l'i JL )r r..+ r) U-l Jl .\.c*l ;;.,3* 5_' ,n21 c*l ;;,-_L
jt(oDtt,;rr 5+ )l Jrl r-+ .S t'13 d;; i+5t -ir,! ,J- r, Ll :,',1.$; j-e l.: a.t.t # p* )* ejq ,r:*l)) f* d,-,q .gr,rc;l-u.i" ..L-J I 6)2 61,2- j-1;.l r5l;i
.r*" ,91.&J )(r .f .rtt-l ,rlij dr_l jl 5l;o. c*4 o;-tJ9; + ,:l;.r +5 ,7-'S ua;; el- n:x.
"pir ,l ;-.-.o3 ,Sttl-r i...o -2r ;r.;r*..r : t)ll JV 2r ..rb C*i g;r-r,t -2l.r;,
.r) +! )ri6. .r[.i.:- I .r,r.-,- 19l^.].! jl d,- f+U. ga: csll
6,:l;.2lri;2L ,s $-t 2 r9,,l;rl; ).tt .,f-- r5.12 Lo.;;,,-l J-;,9J--' .e .*l ,5- .-+.sl*5U .r: 6- o*.rb;r-- .,,:*l
f+U. rl 12 623:-: 9: ,r"1 g-l ua';-:; ,912 .:I:- ;t4lt; 2t>;2a a. S6 i-F It td* : ;6fu .6: f crV6,ltLl; i_-* ,.sl-t.sgeL; JL .tt .C,r ,t\ ,st,ys.t;i ,U ^S
p)r,sti-r t 6l-'.-l '.E:L ! ;tL e .'uL:. "[,U
3 1tl' a;ue-" + 6L=l .9-, f* 2: 4;12 plS o, G> 12
.tS i-t'.r.2:,r, orb .rL:; trll L d 1.2 rql ;;3n ;*;9 6'-l .s;u. -L_* rlr+. gk;r.,' ! L e E c, : 2t
JL .2: 1;12 eJ '-b Jl .plS u. ilt 3.1, -1, 1.2 p.--
F-.? rr !r..r ,112.2 elaV*. d+ .E .,* e-j./,:*l JrL,-
e-irr,te-\, -fl-" aI t rez YL. +i5 4.+Ua .c*l jr)2
uS ;*.) : ,ej,;l'tl \'
t !L-r u\K-t;--; .r) -:,r1 \1ft JL -,rr eJLz ;,,-1.,'5
<[_rD goU.;l Ui liS + ,S 3i 1 L2r..9Lou;r.1 ,s-Uslt)5 JJue1t I 1.2 :lrjl ;L L-:; le-.; ui., .irt-iye sl,*. {c-tt+. ,8,t d+r:...r, f"-" 7l;l , SI o.1E t lJ;tt.r.
612. ,.a-\:-:;;S t#i I l+rl .rtsT rr .:-: r, l..1 ,f- 4r:,1+ L5r.rr t-;V t;d..:*l ;ri, 6 1l* S6tV bt.rUtLt.iri r) .,)irrL 1iJ-: .*-f ...L-;l :r-i,r. r!.-cr,.rr r5 bj.t .J=+ cr-l ;l ;;:in i)\4 ul ,pgr rtK,:^ Lt .6.r,
dXc .r,ri 6* s E_lr' ,c^--4; * ,S u-l-:;12.2 j U--F
6kirtl- ,--k1rlr ,F .tJ,-t gls b :r g;-ri.:-; pUr c-l l.>
r*b; 4 6h .-r,--rt .gtay L;;1-,9i i,',1 .i.-r r5 *;LF e.^b Jr .i-.1 , e j,;lsl Jl 6> .t'J +5'lr.r.+.,,
C) ,.*V r"..U. ;l ,r.U;; .;LLil12 e; L:" 'Ju;tt f Kj{i U
.J1c..11r, ,-+ + .r^{- iK l:5cL- 7ot ,sD.rlC!. .r- -,1 .r-" .rF VL ,^- ,\<6
a <;7t$ px; "L+ J"l o,-l ,4-yt JU. .rr-.r. F r*!rLD. a-r ,.-L.,-11 ,-.1 l.e dll ,l J+ J: .c*l t;.11r> L.2rt
* f.tt- ltr'te ,..^1"- ;'J V ,Slt gF cf l,rrl,*. jl .rl:- |
.s- F 4U. ;r;V 6,l.ra.=*!i .rl".rt,. *!. 5:r .r.o l;.4-u. g>t45-
{ ,r lr".? .<!-l jl J+ lr ;it Itttu r,l ;,,_l .1.u:; ,rs1 ,9lt
.r- F g-rU- L l-r,;l -;: .drr .-tl rb .9:-r,c 2l-rl ;i
1. Carle G. Hempeland Paul Oppenheim, Det Typusbegrifi im Lichte det neuenLogik
2. William Sheldon
qr iuc ,i lts" Li ^- .d
a1+-., .-utL j)l-!:. .-:-.] +! E .r_l;E t42>oa r^ + JrL-4, t C ,8.1 .r;' ..1.'L:" l) B t)l; e :: A -51ri ;i U_
".r l;;-r
,=?J Ul ! ..,1 .r:.n13.- JrL- r c ) A ,Ki ,r..,ei ;, JrL-'LoL o,t- g, u! re-rd, e E Jl .; ^ 2 g,r,;- E r: i
JLr, .-uL.r,.,r ,..,j.rt' y-+ f tf-:d "-,y rr.r-l(-;ll((d;j)lf-A)) i-.; ,.:*l ri-I-i;. eJ ..'tb f" S ;a; ,;4jl .a--+ ,9 t\;;l e J-*; -,Eil $ e:*l 6;tr.r_5*,r, .'r;l1-
Cr_ | d e5,,r.,L:;l e -:-; JlJb a, l_,7 i-ou5 Jrt-' .e2 ,,1.rr-,r. .,uL; .sjrlr! + eL_
"f9;; ., ,-. :
,-urL 8 rl f* e Jt .; I ;,Ui-i; KJe ,c--; ;;1,:. rB : ,*t\ B )l f* A Jl ,;*l rr-\,:. L .; .; jS* A )lB,E ;: I ual; -i:; Lr L
"9-t"-- .;*l Crl f* A ,C )l f*
;L:Jl .sl, -r-_! c=5.r C:.lS 6 c*L;l .11-l,, ;L;lB 2 A .t12\ J-r t ,.r--t ji j )s 1:+e, ttr;., ;i ;.v a, ;!L_.t;l; ss,t C I B .:1-2u. irr-\ A t e:13 o.t)lt 3, tst;l.t
,$:l .uL ,11; st,: c t A Jl .r.r-,"r.rr_1, g ,.! ai-il3gpL- L,-.-:.! ;ill A.t:U-
"Q+ ;r ..re2 ,--L A ,-;1.>
i:..,,. ;-".; )til.,, Jl.c;l ii+ Jl 4) ':lL A ;*l o<- .-..*or22i, l, V :,.aL .Ll1.4 s *;b g,r':. i; l, ;-L;i.+ 4 t1 11 L ;,,l-l:.L rt-!.i. .-*i 6l;u. ;r,-ly\ .'Ju-
"f e-t f.' 6t,Lz,r .!.ii .rL- ) ,;-
F tt\;:,sJ';lil \t
.;*l )l;, d-.-a ,) .rl ;E ,j)t a, ,---..; .L --.---;
,sl,* L s E i_* 2,8 t-r, k + -, _$rl u*l ;(-.r,_Ll .c..-: d.r--- dr- l ,KJL 2r :j-l.rrJ iL;;l q9:b1lr., ).t5
^S US
"l;4 l;l 6.ar.at + L-\* 611[ L e E u*;
s--! 13J) .9t{+i t-T: I d.,,_lJ, \:. .'r:5.," ;._1,c5 .-*; .2.r ;.,1
.. rl ..1 j,e * .r:irW .. l. ,L-l i.IS .', - !.> . r:*;I e- e-'- |
{3- 4-l :.23,9 L e E rgl+., : Jl .;:*U t,-F 1+U- rr;;r*la,_Y ,f=L ,fu a, l; ir .t-l lt.-I i.-l ;l;.r, ,.r;L 3rLz,..-:J ,"t|/,.r=.1; rr.glc.:, a:; '4tn;[J-91 ,,raK "5 ..g.uL
t-' + 4;b ;L),tL-l )l \A ,!.5 4. blt6. l; ;,1 .rl.>
fL-+l cr* ltl .r,t, rrezliii, -r'-L E.i*i ){l' rb 6/;; ;'-l-r,_! oJ,, + <;*l rl|, i A s B dr:.t,ri! )llJ B t A
a*. -t-' u) )l t B ) A ;,*. ,-') d, ) ;D.-u:L; rrs;.u.1
,tlji: clJ { lr +_1.(.:*l ,,lSti C sA,i:,r.tU )l}J c tB+rL; -.:-; oa;V S d,l 1r .9 ta.llli r pL.rI ",";L;
d
'J r:-t ;ly rr
,-,Li:; I -r1i .rrli! 1'.r.i- E 61. + Jl 5,.:*l cJ1.,
e-& e-E rr )-r* b-r? .f o- ,r.s2i1 1.1 I :ezi. ,.t:;o,
! ;r, g--+ ,,ttt ,t\ ,g rl- uts, 1-+ ,:)t \ ,r--:- ;ttt Jl;;12 ,1lr-o, e5 c. ,: .g l.r-; O,_l /iJl.i :: tf rL- Jrl f--+2" Jl.;;l':-;*l .r:+ .1;l; Jrl-,- .p-t,S 112 u6 2l- ,s21tt
,rr d.,,-l .9+ J'S .ff L .r:.:5 Jrt*.,.1r1; ,gtr l; J--S-- g--+
10 dD )r l*. Li A- .A
rJ L.2 pr;L_ I ,,rr .gtg*; 2, 1.,7 ..,1! 6'_12: ,pL ,>-.glj; t'r.;,aj 1* )t 6)Q pP dQ 1U
r, '1...r
ii'.,-.-u! .t; ilx-- dlil) .t-\ t, t S n--$,-t g;1 od^i L-
.rr! "gjrle
i---.; d-L-.r-1.,, e.l,eD i r-o .-i-i *K , tt lrf-K. -r--L; L .1 E .Y(J - C_.
.r-! td{- ,s-{-t rl,F- JL d,:e-.1r.e .rr:...1L ;i:p x:l;o;.-ulL.9-r,,;..1_! f .l
.*l 6rV J),.-YL r-;l &,a t A eu) ::.sl-rl t .f
)l t c*|,-;.'t". lgl..1l ,F #lo S ,.-6. c*l lt5 !11 ;).(,.:*l .;rLa t+l ,t .F Lii ,S :3;o. a;, J--t u')-
.; .1 g:t-o 'c) , ,t )) E (..iJl)
.c*l .;:L" B 2 A:-23. -,rr L (v)
.,.:* I ci)U A 18 s.23t.t: L (Cl
8 ,l A L .u.ilr,+ L ,B t A "\r; tt f F-r.-rF +J' r .A )l B r-;*r p.r*
.Ki .ut L* '4.r1 -r+lr L , e ,:*; ,' ,\3y
J-.(J lr 6lu;, t-.t & ..*.- er ,,-l rf r:-&. ,a.lr,.ror; f-:*J ..r.;: .5.r,:1r,-Y 6l o2J, * \- 0 Jfu .1r r5 -r,:.o-t,r..
q91r- .: r, f:lta|t,Fl !5 r,S).tl;a c*; d,-1 r, .c-l
'J + tt l-a.r.2 ,,,_l L ;' : gl-5i + n ,d .9,ri.r,7 lzlrra*t L. .-.; )^,.gLoi,-Y rl ,S):r' .<:j ;,-l +. 5 j-22I 2, 6llu;.1
3. Fundamentats ol Concept Fomation in Empitical Scieftce
lnternational Encyclopedia oI Unitied ..,\*. plc gIJ l!- .irLJl;J/lr) .f(.r $ ,v ',rLi .\tot Jt(; .science
'J ;*; t.5J6l'll {f
J,-Lt r..:q 6>V .ySL ,.tr .Vl i..o "gl-r
L ) E GV.; Jlt ;J :-t \- 0 J<.; 6l$) + & ! l, ,Fl 6,-l
j--r ;lra
;l j* j: ,:u;st t 45 lr .,,1: - l i..n .e r,Y { u";;:-1"
."-r,r. 2 lrr sf--t ) :' l
c i'j
8\t
, l'!
. \ -d J<-r
,,tra;.9L1YlI
I
aaaa
..u1. .oo i, ,y-l+ ! 4- lij A i,-Y .2r d*l g5-.21 6lo3^^- B i,Y-.1r ..ur.r, au:t b ,rs; rk+ l*- \- 0 J6*A i,.'J lt-?l -.r
I ,r(,r . uL.i E d-4 q .r5,',--.1b ,.ri:.r 1'L-:lL-'i U JJ+..b br,.Y g,l .iidL- lL*l ;=zt )l : t,&,;J; or4'.s@-trl L-.'urr.,. Y! 'l=.1 U-r cjt* ,s)V,tJ .:r.6lt;-, '.', t b".l 5l;n l.1 e5- g,-l'L;l r5 -r.ns
rb-t4S t e;.te.r*F g+U- -L,* slt L s E sV-;.rr, ,r:.llr; --L;
lV dE _r! l4' Li a, .6
:;r,8 jV, .JS 6. tL-l ;3 .,e,. o;L 1r l, ,lK-i ,:;'*-q- 1 .,,Ll \ b)te t 16) { crF p*l.c, ory L ;rl;;li.rl tt I .sr;O ,2;,; .ly_-Lr-r.c , 6,j,;ltl.jrU 6 ,rj_r.- lr-- ;'!l; ,:-_l + s rJ r_+ l+ c+ .,3 a.rL. ,,"r ^r.,, laa:-l;r a> J) ,s-r.ir.l.)* -r-- g,l L- f.="b .-f I lro ,:l.r _o lr;.il; l4l 1l a5 ,;b te-2 ,91,;-, L_i b, ;L:;i5 + .)li.r.;lelrr i...^l o& -rr.t(-u_r;l ,-i JIF .et 5.r;5 .rU:l',i .<.i- I jl Ji !r.i;tr, f.olr ;i 1j;-:. s.t Jl jl r .)t).,-5 i5 .r-+ 6b,r, JL3, | 4L.e, &t .-ylj, o,lL;_ I 1r ,-u! t:^l:; tt*s.t.;-r C*- _.,, i-,.- a5 ,l_, ;t_r;
'd ts-': l.,!-
,ttE '{ t CJ cx..irl.lj d ;*l 15; o,l r.(L- Jrl- .1LJl;)l ol5.-r r, c*l .-9;_[-- r<t ,-J ri4;2r .-_ja.,a
|"- ,1 ,; I(*, ,1.,;rl ;L, Ji Jl ,ot \; .;, ,;K 6l;4U i ,f16.l|5 r, ;l ,;L"- eL_ ul* r, 1-, rrgLrl L;l 6. .; .l
u-l + -&_',:U,:*r;*lrlj.rt s*J<t A fxL,t_t,,-tj.4- ,JW _r ,!j cL_ ,rfe ,r_.7 b ;!, uL- eL-r: G.,,911 o;12;*t -,1 tFrr J$t "t2 G. .,J* : .&-t j\;;Ll-.,- | 6,1r, ;l;;-:.;1* c;iL .91r, ;l;F.: ,Lo.;1.1
rl s-:^lr- (t "i .$' (i tl ;le*tr .,1-+ 6i ;l ;iL-JL ," + .;*l ,1. , ;j.^l iL ,,t<st :6 1 .r-Jr ,lr, cL_;.,
,F t .{ c*. J} 3;*l 6,-l 1rL crt,t,,al;n I l_r,.^;i
-i'lo ){i;) Jr* !!,lJ, ri_rlr :jo-3 .r1i-orL uS uL.;
.-*l .5-r.,,.. C{ "\,_rr 6 tL rr .(rrc*l
It
,y' ;*.): ,ej o;tt:l \?
J-l rS +5L L;-l ,r a,olr,;.r, e( l-2 .9 L:* .-r,-i.r,
d^+l dl{.SU rly;r eSi_l ;l }ir- ,crF prl;-.r.ta'.- t +- l.6::-; s.Alt JltL ,4- .., .^;
t-l; ;L-+r- fG r l.+ o:^" drl ,r,i..r, -,Y3,c, Je
,.:tr- il -r-rr ei -2r.2 ;;* i9 a- .,|jLri, .t .5rL+I 5L1 ,t
e--..n ;r e( ,t-.1 i-? ,5lo:2 i,,2 3,e ..1i 2: (* l jS lt.r2 eL- ,rf -_rlt- ,rl-y- U_l ? d. .;_2lt ,9 t;o.o a<- ak*i;ti .9t.r- a., ,..- L- :;l: ,9 3.2.c l et6.';., r(.;,- I )l L;j),. ,l)
p+- i-)-; Lr ;r-l J*){5 L; ."-;S -"t4 ;itg-
}- U --t .$- a, ;l;- ,13"-o 1 l; .,i *5;*t <u:&t-,IK .rqi .r_l *Jl .,-r5.r;_r'i
"#L? ,St; jltu aV.91.r; L:l J.l .-rars, le22(;9n;jl9 r, .. L:^. .r r+ ;*l , t*-a. s.t 6,-l rl I - -,111 6:.be - c*l ug ,rr+, h ;l 6 g-tl tiL- ;t grV -:*l 6r'l;,_l Ll :r2;,r: .r- L; ,7;l.- r1.>
.sliL:- ,g 12l:
r+r cl .;*l 6,J-' t* tl-r+.rF 6.^U- ,;1, ,,..rl;L- ., q:.i jl c:*'Le'WL 1.rl- +.r, ,..!U- .i)t;,/rU;L o"l 1:t l- t.rrJ ,).)., -*' ,t* e * ,=r! a-l Jl-.=r U-l 4 ,g orl2ira r,"! ,-F L- ,V e )E;-:r::j .9.: l>;lr.d y.tS -Ui--l e, ;l 1* cr! gU. I g* <s'
;l ;f- ,;l tt[, *! q;.,1- c.J .9!5U :1-'" r, i.rl ,-U
.'r5 .;- V.- saL, .91,o; [:; L,.rL_
"91;1.: ,F fn j .(; r^V, \ f,rrr
, ,r^t-, L4 .{ l-*" -1r e5 -*l ^Lrr^ ,rV fx-
't+!, cr: .*l Gj
lq + rr 1r{l. Li A- .d
g-tl JV ;r .-^.rJ9r Jr -.^J .+.lrJLu-y L; ..*U J -;S ;l 6r Li ri rjL,r..rc-),i ,l r5 .-; b ,<rb,l i
-* ts -&-" irL .1 ;,r*Ll,r--rq 4 ,G,?
-51
.i*l ;;L*; J--L ^.J5 &*: gl:- + r! t-o AE,.:I_ C;;: b Ji4r rr t 6l ,:1-S * ,e5 c*l .91,*;ilt,r - 6L-l 6,,1 .glxJra f* br-q.- iL -.r^U..
.-...' Lo il:l,l d.^" ,"^b .K*l dl_ o=L _.7.r e5 .- :lrgrS )hi ,;-+.rqJU ! t; l; ,Krr +! a(! .a"+ rt .;t
.. I
oL;-l+_
,.ulr; 1., ).19.t 2-. 1.1 ,'Kle j;o
.-<. O,_ I Jl'(1,1, r_*,. tl .S rS.rJ-b l, ,br lr.' ,,q. .;i a:;KJJ.
o21 ,S ,.tt Jxo4l; ott) bi
g^-a :l*l ).6h n;n .oJ;.--,r.j ;^(- 6 j,;l.;lg^.o :ltsh ti , (jL + g-a :lts6 g"5 rr .--.: 'L*
.(a-.:.
r.-*t!*''b.-.*
f ,Y,\ - -_rL;s. 1.2 $t- 'S a=n l-t ^sr_.n;i .rL t .,_r,
.9l.g lr- .' l.:'; €lrrr Vt ,* lL- I . ;)L-: ! U _ .r., ,cp, ,f:^r qgJ eiQ, t {6 ,K -l}11 .p:rL; l; ,-;L- | cL-
l, g.-l ..-*l ,t- "Vl
.st"i! ir:-+- u[.] rc y:-6,./e*l .gr-tr ,t- J\- 7 2r .e*iL O(* ;rL, ,:L- Altrs_1: .t9;.;S + Atr4- ,\ )-.1 ts ulr* 4 .:jl2 u. S €-
.C"-L.r, .'e- l-1 +a^4-;r,_l 113" ;,1rl{rr .rut gY ic.r^a- }..1 :Lo,o_2Ll; ;e; 6*-at_
"Urt 4 -2' l1 tc; ..i-ir r 1,r,,,- L .-r.rr,r, L r l1 .,, .,1r .r,-jl .t)L" fr .rl .'11, J[--l .c,Jlrs. l, &;;L.r> 'lL;
uy' t\; : 6j ,;t,;t \A
* ara t:*l d- )L-- rr-l ..r+[ cgioL; ;\'; a' 'r'i l'r gl;
q9l;1, c-J ^S ;:*\ g-\; *--b ,.r-l ';>[g g! '
LPtb
.r\ ,ty & eJ rr;l- u-)U rl ;a .;*l ;" t ;4 ?lJ u. .:2t-,,- s/S oa'-\4t , -+ t ;+ lr ri d l;l
jl !il..u; i--t' t-r^ 2 ";iJ '4'N \ ;'-:t 4S 'slul';+
1.2 L-r,-r-.i,- Ul uS ^t ti '--+ ;*1l J l;'- '-"-l
a5t'J t-
-,r trJ i-k Gst : t'*\ lV
i-) a A:.-r,-r ;1r;.r' l-,
-t;;,",.u ,|tS ,r9{-t di} '-i,--!
"\5.;1
,r' "!
t1 tV./; c-.^^,t I -5
,-t Li .e-*; J.2lr:"
;Ui , ",rlK--,353," \a, I
,c*l .L;-l ;, ,.L;
.-r,ldrl)1, ).i5d€
,$ .a.;,;L;JL-;I -'lI;-: e ""'t'-i- '3\'t'1||2''"""'-2
^ L- r::--o ,S ;U;t .-!t- b'rlr ;r- I L-ln : 'r=-7 -r 13..5r
rr:,rr5 ,., t'- t3 J+i'
,rr \,ulr;lr.r 6;*l ;,-l -*-" t &r-\; lr;; e) .Brr r;\ F €Vdr
,F + k r'- l 'r'u,r' dlll ala'-
.Fl .r-1 'e- ,s\aK."-li .gE
;r,-l L-i,,,.*ra dlt.r- C'6J
.rl-: il5 ,-:--.-o I
;i i, ai'-)I., ; I
).tS .9, .;* t
^5 ;K e ;:*t
2 szl t >3-2
,,-l ,gtl,ls6u+ I aS 41 ,=Jlt" ! F' t) J '"J
+. 1+- .=.: t b:a + ,/r llrli l-r tt)€ r; t!+ ) ''r h ",l -r- U Cr--l ,r. .h 'i' Ll -r"1"r5 !9rl''11j g'-l )l 'Stt"Lorlrlli a.6- ,-* t lti:- d;r'i*l L;-bLli "
.-/:b'*
.el ..re .-or l; t l. ,/.* "51;l ;l Ll t:*\ "j 'rJL- y'- I
5 Hugo Dingler
\.\ fl, J) plbLi.-.0
,S JrL;l r ,[^,-;l d. ,,; uatt cr-jotV...,-.lLl d-p+rL; + -l.'lJ 5 YL l-l .d--+ orL .r"-.1,r, ] ,t ,.1 g;rL -2r
rK t l.r 6,5,)lril *lt t t-: -t J4i ri, r* fllt€
"y' bL.) t c;Jr;l.r:l \ "
.r-:.;L ,;L; 4 .SL.it isr.a' ;-rl-; .21 14:' o;--.); p.1.2 o,-.b rl -,\ ,)) j:JrJ .*;! ..,'.1 ,,-q .;Ul u1,- .5talr..'"
Be ,,1 l, ,)b f dr(/ '1.;,-;bl.2r 'fn "l- 1,
"*rL;J"-S ,A;Lir er3^-,. gili-;r.el .trri u, ;:\) ,, 12 6:l,u-l I-,2: 3 )-1 --;'2r 6rl-r.,- .5 +nlr-.., r7 dtr- jl Jl .:tL: o. ItJ:lt,a 6fr,.:-l .[- ,'i-lra r2L,1 ,s;l: ;lri 6,-25;' )b\i
l-2 )u.o J"S A * jl-*;tii.2, cJU.:L- I ;,J '2t-l U
e lJ ;;r .,,-l;d-:;5l;l .-Li: gi.ll..l .rlS ,, Jl Jr.r"!j rlFrl-r-^; g-=1 c.K 6l; o' "13;l
,.r,-l..; .rUl r! dl,- rirr y' rJ
.,Lir.rl.r,,- Jl.c*l "r-t d;t-<,- ,r,l'"id-<j I rl.r.;1 ;Lri-.;r
r:*) Jr) .rlriir jt1^+- A | )-al )-\e dr:., ,J..i U A 'JLiI.fnrar. .-+-
.,r+ rlrcr. d! ;t-t ,A'-L- J;i f'1a J'-
.lK: cJ,- ,, S ,l t Y 'r! L rl-r-- u-l Jl Ul :1Li 1.,7 .1[:-.2r
\ ,r ^+r c*l .2e...- 6J ..r^:;! .rLJ .rl' ua'"'); ";
s';,,,-l.gL j9L*. ,r+ t 6b. d-.;-.;r r, -ta I .:;.2r '':! r' lrlr.rr 6 l-1 g,,-l .c*l (J, )r d, s5llrl.l-i; ;,,[-; ;!r; ;Lr#, ct- ! 6l; u. c*l tu-r"a- )..1 :-r .1L-r rJ-|u JL'li5; ..u a.,ol; .FU;; ,rlr .5J: .rlr.rLu e r/;U-1t9-:l
-xr g-.tl;6i11 -.2r ,r:i tz b3+-.trL; ! 6 c*L:'-l ,"9dl,- ,r,Lll .tiii .;*l rl.r,-.1.2 .tr.;l-,; J,- 61 I n-rV:;n l, ,s.fl-t.rt' Jy-u-t (.!l I l-r,l-r,-e-.7 d* .rL- { oL- tl+tr) ,FL4^or.n- )-.1 .:.rc .1L-o br l-r,-.1, ,rla | "s ,S n-jrs. '*
.d I 'Lll1 jtV d,,-l + d-bi? r.:.-.-n .rl-riL:. el'-lSrr
\ .t ,r3 eli' .S;.jltl .,
.c*l t)) [- r-* ,i 612. c] ,r! ,l-r;;li[ ,-ro 6,- I Jf{Ji ulJ + 3 6.>i-'t, C}:;jr-'t+:: p*e- l,y' a;lra
.de ,-rt'; d I paL 6i 6t3,;lsl i* olt,r,Loi ,r rf .l;-.-r ,r,-Ln-,3*r ol* C) 6,_l Jll 1*r .e.r
lr l+i orgl l..] .,.:jr rlt 1 .g k-_ll r+b .+r* 6ls ,:-:;K.2lS + ,.--_;lK u. M l) ,rt s ,cX ppL d" i_* ,slt
'l-r.€.tS s^ o-t:- M e3 6lr, b E eF. :. : ,\ r.:-rt;\;lSt b t a ,.? e: 6u Eu c.; Jl I x_J u.23*: a-l
,.til t"rL.; L l-.7 6,-l .r-.21.: rlJ.i. ,i,_ .o; 2t ,y-l 612 M ;3:.Lu-9ut
M(a)=tt''161 '\K;i 'r"6 '01 Jt.r:; Jl t-Ja t rs 6. Q4t"r- 1., Lu ;. .: ,\ )r:-t)l j-S a 6,12. M ,--S rl.r.c. r:;L ;ljL b 1a .u* s: 6e,. LM
::;u. ;rLql 6.'L; ,$; r, .c*l b ,912 ;3 o,_ I )l-\L.M(a)<M(b) ,Ki ,t"1a ,01 Jl
6 d* n'.j\, *. ,r ..b 9, ts*r.- I t*,-t ;t ..1*;t--" t-' Jt' ' \-J ' -
cr lr-tU. ., .r.L J+t pe. 611rrl- l.rl rr rF) r.> or_ I
..,., J=.5- "r.S
,slt,* ! l"r+ , ;j, ,15 t rr,-.,.21r- L. zlr.ri -ij.5 ";ly'lylrn ;.e,a 3 d., j s,1 u1l_let y 43 Ji6-t o-S el.rl ,.41 1 r.*? r) S 6rr ;1Vi 2 rL2 .t;.1
-51 .d,r y' ,i c*r L t2 er 7 .c*l 6 ,s-&" )t ;JF-Je G c..;) re; o\*l ,-J ,s.K-" + r:. : ll5++(L ir..-i) :3": ,-L.-l J b )l j-t a Jt .*J ')lril ,t- 4:.5r! q9b.+r Q:-l Ll .c*l 6 F b,.;, :a g-F,-r
?s;,eJ o;lsl
# r+U"
,,.rLL [ ,r-*rU.. - F r+V U lr c^..] d;kJU rrlt'? Jl,:-l + Jt-..91r, .rIJ l2-.ir c*l p-r'J .-S Jt-a; - 6;*
"!.. J-, 2, rf .;}; L-o .01.2 e,,-j,:L 'p:-! .Jl, .*r-lr y-rLL
l, ,9 j,;lsl r;*" i* Jt4i o,-l -l.: .,.-*l .irL-: 'g-+)
g--a :l*l L r5 ,i,rr.r, .rr-rti- lF ;-tV; 'r;S ue st.t tJi .}--L t 4L/ -,-lj ,>-l ,rl L,5 j,;lsl .-ue;gr nL
Qsri : g+'2 :l'vl) U-J rl-r-"1 ! \,- I oi c*l .5v-rti'
;l;l I t)Lu.:rU 1.2 L ;,,-l .13;6 .rL ; 35 ,t.r"t L .<t"
;r-J ts { ,g; ;t5 r, l, ,-.,L--- s:+--t ,3t;-2; 4l-;.:3,; u. oJs ,):.t ur_I r\S & A-tSl c-! vL-
-,;! 1 ;.r-:;- U.. )+, + 6 c*l o,-l F{- i<,' ,rl,9 j,;lt;l ,91r, ;l;1r-:.1-! tt,:.21r- L.-;-tn e <Jlr 'r:: L 3-l'r,S ;12;-" .z 4 62a ,-11;-: dll.F.;! t-; b d*.r.2r
bltrr,3 ,g.s.r[ r:*.2lru' \rt-J) g;;,e,r:9-2 L- r---1 e!- 4
\'0 F rtli.'rsdtl .,
;,). -_L Cj* J-t". ), .tK-;i.p r3-j orlr gt 1l;-11rK { b r---.: ,91r, l2 ,;lr-,,)l glrl ,y; ;r4 * .7-1lK u..yJr ,J+ c-l." ;L.n t e-L cr, Yt l-; E ,-1 .t_trf,-llrAlslr. uls ':3;g tlls , L;-l n t a g- L ;-, .: .:r;; u.6 o----t )l r- t*\ 6-.-J- 4 --l ,s1ut .2\S + a ,.91r,
.-v)s, )t)\r. zlS * b ,91r, ,1lr)16lALrrL; L (T) c,tlr A-+, q7 ,912 l_2 J2l )r-) ,)
'rlr ,L! 6l; u' ,fu_l.rG)=r(D ,Ki e,1a ,U Jl t\ );-,
.r(a)<r(b) ,KI t,1u ,b) Jt ,\ )*)E e-.j er cS;llt c;lt c--+ fjY d -r*l I c-:b ]L;. a,
r+lt^'. Jl ,)t rS ua;-;; ,'-:V "'LL eL- ,lj ,st ' L s
r) jl r-j: l+ ,C 61* T ,gtto 2-rV 6,1.r, l; ,.rly'l ul;*..g_r1., -,! _,,r*,
cf-r. lr lrl utVl L-lr- ,L g) ::.rl- ./! )r*) &AS \ .j:t:- ,9:ts ,ltL ;i: ,z t-J rc L r. Y -) ;^,r .r5.r.I lr rl5 o,l r r.^) ;* -b ,-r, e^:J r .-*l jL- \,.-.
J"u JrL , 6 ,6t Jl- ,.:t- ;"J ua-.ir-;- "l + .r-.;l-.gr-rr 1[L :,kl ! e c*l -r!, -i,_.r-n-
1.: )!- ..rlr 1E;l ,-,1-9,,..,r .:11r: _2lri .,(1;+ -LU 6i ,rt ^S n\9,;o.:.21t4 -3*;- g_ vl t t P .)lrL Y r;-, .,lJ<.iL ,r-L;,"; r+lf dLrl .r5 .,.1.2ir1 -q! -ti-) csl I I, u!,lr:, it-
l-t-4\t" r.t+'"! lr 6i X-; !:,;ltL ,rsJrf o-u.L -r.- l9 o:? )r*) \r^-
^S f ,_rr-,
J-.. U ,J..1; -,YL J)ri uat-!. I J; ,s_fi-'!:-:. L9)-\'
uy' ;;\::,5j6lsl \.1
.u l;.r" c..-r1 -iL; 6tl.r.5'.r'nLi rl -r::-.r ,ri*b[ .1lt :
b ,l a 3 -pS u. u-.,; .-Li^: L u.ll) ;jl; L6;i r.2r" 2-r
.rJ F .,t' .,J l, UI .:;l;u. a;J--: ::2tu. ol--l ,-J)r;;i UJ u* rt 1: L .iJiiL .c*l *J a;l b ,uS'sr,
,-2V)i u*;: /. r;lja 'a;)
et- c*l ;5- ef .:*l 11.r,-LL
^. ;s;€ oL.-l r-J # *L {- r, .*.; .r^.*r 6.r'5
\-S tlst a! t, "sk+; irrs )llJ .r-i ,-rlr;.r.,' r|,-Y: ,,-l
.s-6.r 6* aplt sr* 6-p ), .(q gJ ;;J> t (E)
&ss:*l -,21r- L.2t o* r9l t, '* ,:-:t.p::1. ,'-r':l r-;i+l; 1r* ai r t E u*:, ,lJ )l L .r.r! ,-L.-lrl;;;,
.; r+ ,rl;6^ l, ,r5^'
# 'r; 42\ u' ,-nlS l.t ,s-;tt ;r-iz 'itAl"lta4- rJ ;,a; l, ,':); eL- ..,i ;,l lr- L+t L* r.+lr.r',S: .d.r ts ,-i .2' ) j, o,-l ,91r, 1.2 6l5e 7;lr)lsla
,.K:r. ., .1 ,r.1-.1.r, YL eJ3J 2: y .,r-:, L--; ,t- ;t-C lJ vi\St) .tr;),e Jl ).-1,,s. dr*L, r ..rr, ,f+, ,:*.-,i ;-u; rr,-6 4: 6l; o. c..- l, g-rljK .-r+ LtL-r I .r)b ;Lji.-; 6U nj,pl:, 'rr t )N :r 6 ,;.--)c cr-l ..rr-t" U- Y! .2: '.511
&-\, )t2-' d 1'.r.r-Lr
,L- r, e( r1lr; '-r+t l-lJ ttS;l r-ra"r r'
)s-rl 6 rS fLl F,lt(," JLLJI ,51.r- ! .re, c-Icr, .c*l *S 4;1y-r -21 .g;YL c'.21r> i.2: ,2lr)l sltn
5 tu ,gtt,.:.\-r.rl jl .rU:-l t rA 6.r-r;l;.r.;Li'Ur. ..t;;o.'L-F (-jr i-. rr) f C.3 s.25t.1> Lr
, \S )4 r1,-, L- g.rr,r.. ,lj .tL- .r, f-+ ! 1.1 ,2lrAl5l;.1
,j'
. a-*
tl,-
\.V ,y' na!.,ej';lt;l .9
'.iL r-.- \ ,t -* L-l- 4l *-jr- Le 4r,.s:.*" L JU y $ :y7 u' LrJ ,lr;l ,l; _,, o,
f+- ,) .;a.i ;21;: ul: e( p_jt* 6,.rrL l, ,rl4l6l;n.:*l .grl . d ec ,a3,-- &" r'r- jr ,1 .-jL.l.; ! ,b 2 a , o2.-
.-r.;! .,r lJ- Llt 6,21,-.5tj;ylr,- ;r:or OLI ,
",-!L .KI
Flr--, -uL ,l;,l'L .r.l*; Lrl)l) ,lFlbl? Jl.9lr-;l; ,-L-.,r l; .-,-1 .,.:*l orL d;;-: L_lr;:l+,-l ,-r l,1
Ll ,c*; s-Ll lJ JrU .4,rrr--- !;N,J, et- g;t{j.jt
o(* ,r- t-.-, t \ri-f ,!* ;l^* r-uL; r.l 6,_ | ;r,'qL lr.gla..l;; ilrJ c*l .grL-, .,-b .:*.-ul ,,512[ ,:,L.r,rL_rrl ,r,4' ,: .-u:; [ --i lr:1,- .rd; lr i^tj oS -;L ,.9r],14 ;L-f-_ J-.--l-rt ,-F* \. [:ls- cf l) "r:- p4- rr j L-t;- l, Lar L*; o.t 'L-li Jl .'1 ,sti l_) sr,, .gtnl;Li.1L; ((d(a ,b,)1 L c*l s-[--;l b .p a ,,L*l t .11y'1;l; af
'f:--i6";r:; l.r.tl^; L l; 0 yr:-., .t5ii ,a-,.r(a)-r(b)=r(c)-r(d) "Ki ,o(a , b)=d(c , q Jl
l; "llrAl;lrr. .'t tS , jlt rr" \ f .e Y -,1;-.;.: ;r5l<rrjta lj , ot-1- Cl"- J-U. .1' 2 ,. jK u, g_ :i 1:
.JrE ," , Ar-tlK orf .,1 ;, l; ,zlrAl;la ,KI .=-.trfl) dJ, 0 yy-t u-llr, .f,ref l; <\ . .l "tt ,r*
C_L-a-. -,r \ " ) rta .s!\e c::. t9 sl- ill.V t c-L_ ! , lr"rL rlr +"1r1 bli \r^ J: )"-o i*-l r.: !_r qj-r..1 e2. ,; 4_l -:J ,gti.r* a(;t j' .lrj l_, \. . .SY! .r:.?.s J rf _r.+i ,rr a,.t.t -t a,l I l) rF rtl-6.) lF l;1r.. ;l.r(;; ," Jt .-J ,;4-,1; ;*r L ; or; ea;-, .91+l Jlr-;-r # ,S.tt : $L..t
I
uJ oV: ,sj';lsl t't
1..1r;l-ri, 6r-l .-\A)rr, d-*.j .6- { st!-r? -4t J.-J4 t ua'"-:J
a j Y .ti-)r-rc L ri 6 J--, "u 2 sl;u^ u)t,d:*l \ ir.*.q* .?i r, I .1* I \'' .:-rc n/-l .,1,,<;j L c,-F -,r .-uL ,r;1.>
,sll .4-,', tSl-t ,l-V ri dr:.'j lr) r-Ii 15 ,.rir .;*l 9^--:L
,d,.r ts f- vt -.rr \ 'irAl6la ',r-rb '.:*r r: '-117 'qv
.,t,:11 D 6'p t #6 ,*-- t) ,Sst l-t ,x &,,f,lr- -.1, .rl. ,l; .*r,-i;, l-.7 '-rl;,Jl ala 'Ki .6---t.1
,): '-^---: e*r 2r ,r- LL )P .9--i cl \ " .r:? C!t- )l
"r Jl .{ ;-.1.-. o;lr> r2.,t.r- l.e rl gle,r, .re5lr:i2 YL e-..,;.r \. . ;-1l"uh, ;;lr- 1> r:-6 rr, "t.t
Y[ \' . b
,Ki ,ptKu. \. ,\.. .sF t t-,.r_Y!.:-y' lLj Jl .c*t.c*.1 d) Y! .u.;, \. 'rl.ll + uslr L;r;-K x:, u.
..,.;-, l1 ;I5 g,-l I ;*l oLL J<. 6p, crr-- .t-U l--23-;-;6'-l ..rr.:,r. pLJl c*l ,u K^.:,- -,1;9*r 6r-r;^X- r( A
.e, .ri c.-.-,- 3 S.r oa:- 6)+ | EDM ,,* L-lyf, r5 +5 ;r .-ri_.eL- rf,_-ri_ \ (M) .4 J_"Vrr (o) .r):ild;- r[L e, ..,p -!]:il Jr jl a(Jc elrl- 3.r 1l .i; Li- I ;r
b 2 a,gl2 -b trt d^:J )lr. e: ,- j1:; I ;i .-.; ;K.d e c ,5,1r,.:^3 o,- I J--' .ltL 1., ,a -!):; I [ .;l .9eL-
tt:--t olt \s. JC cr-l r [ri; L l1 a.ni- ;;*r 6,1
.M(a)-M(b)=M(c)-M(q ,\gJi ,EDu (a , b , c, q Jl,k+ .sl: .IEDM> t, 14: L"lr Jl rS n-J rs L a.;r;r g"-l
.grL- Jrl 2ltL 2t .s- ;Jk .Ki ,.u! ;lrprl dtJ JIL..:-L.r ,l.r.i. .r ..- ;.Lf-\. .
\.1 ,,1'5 ",l,li. r1$t;lrl .?
:_12.t _2: c*l 6K- .JI ,.-,"!L rr Otl.ri;./.-1U:, ;L:"_lg$.t e- ,+i j Ui-11, ro Jt.-rt'1 .:;t, ,r(rL.n f .2 I .,1.1 *:c.* lt ;Ll-r-13 ..( c--U )J;; 2" rJr;- a, l-, ;r- .-l
'*r:L-1|7 ). 6 j ';lsl f J. ,r;)S €,-L.; l.r:.iss.
l, ;l rrl.o.rly'l.;ly ;;2 ll .-r'- .b ..ple -6r<_ t'1 .Jt1 rel -r.ol3.r -iL; ;L:-,_b )1,1r... r:.o:.,1lri $ +i ;).,-lL t ..,-LL 4-,l-r;.
"!,_rt .sl.e .gJ.rL ;y-; ,.:* I
.gl;L -r,;,ll;-l .-*!L .i!;. .[-:1r .-*Lly 6.r+ti)* dlt *. -t- .rV c.,1,_.:*l ;,(-. ..r, ria lF JS-i; ,r,_
L;;. ;;17 F_' oV t {rtr;! .,L.2!..e ;)rt^. U e5
I c.*l *;l i.5- g,_l .-r,o, .1L:: .rr+:, :tr- oYrL.. I l-,1
.lp) .-Erl ! .-_E ; l.s 6 23;-,t g;l4LJ l-1_2:.", .,LulC-,_l .r:*.:; b .r;L,r. ;, ^l ! ,L.-: f e Y _1r*t Jl-aj^;..
.,-Ll dili -*:. + r.o e,J.,L .2L;.,. 1.1 t+LJ l-,r-,.r;5.,.. -li:;l .il,_j"i
flo + drJi q ;IL ,-!L k, ;1lr- ); :_;e. 2:
t ,|<-rL Lrt{-F ..r-.1+,1.r QL-44gL.-1Li- 6 ;jL !J-l=L -&_, ,ro iJ;- ,,. J;a l-) .i_lg.2U
'.t-;l:J2 ..;jL ,-lL + jLi r, .2 .:* I .5-r.i e-..;: .2r tx;;
I .'$Jl -r,:; L .r-qL +Ll .91-o.;1y' l;l; -lr.c :.ls- .J3*.r.;L:i .:--- 3 -rr .:U:-l .,, l.ort( ;l l_ ,-i.1u. _rK { .r:l^.r.:.-.r;i r*- o lr;,- +.2;. ,,-2lr- b,1r !tlr.+- ,;Uq-r6 ..rV _JK*:;l ..)l;- .l -r_2r" i1L ;l -)tz-r- r5.u; -L:5,* 7l;;l 6as,b llil $ 4t )t:-;L 6l;.r. .rs Li
e_tcL_ ,,
"J ;*; : sJ'jlrl \'A
+ f+ e[- c'-11.r- i2l:6,]'rl't;l fK.^,.luJ ;i'l;,;13,--,;l "l(,-ra 1rr e5 .2$;,1 6,-l ! lr .f t:- .r_l L .+.r ul; ; l;''-12 i;*: .{u.,.1! trrl.;S.r,. .:1i:* I ,:1lr-- L.-2, ,-1.j.. e-!-
jr, )) S ,siS 6,1112 1.2 6,:ri \ _ta r.-L;.,i; t(-.:,..l;5s, O,,-,- Jit)La
d.- rgj,;l.t;\ .-!L JJ, (t ,.tr.2r rA ;Ul4r+,c*l ggrlllri .9-r- b ,,;L;;.=.,.o,- \t:f rs f-?.a: ;:^tI 2Y .sF*: crU !U; eL;l { Ltt E o"4i W*;L .e5L- d) U* + o)trl ;. ,J-b t-ls .ts)st
^? a*--S nl ;l l5.r"at; i*;l gr J-h )t \rA?YrY/^Y
,pf )5 ,,tr: L- ,',* -r- lr ;ytt .L-:n .r.1 L-.r, -.;Lul i; r,.*:-t-,:r -ti.-
",-,_-,L _,7, S $)S u[.] Lr; oVl"
.rt5 cJr+- iLll r, \ ' ' ) )r-a rl"r"l ,rlrK;;L oV t.rt ,,.,.!L : .:-_l+_,'U .rLL .,, .)r;\s. ,u.tr+ vl I i_:l +.
L_tr; ,=,i ,\, , 1 ,ta llJjr, o.,r5 ,J-LL t- JIL a>tt- t r,rL-A r, 'L-t .1 .'t .; r- 2 L-l .r.21, 6 f--" u$--pe l;,r, l; L*g I c,-,. lrl E r -u:.-r 0.,1j"*r gl.j1J l-;-,
.r'lr ,-rF ,4_ Jt<rl.:*,;:,.-_$2U,';lrJl 6l.r-,J'L l .
irar -2.: rL!LiI V:tt-,f ,r.iL rlJ<JL ..2ly'lrl;.uL.5l.rL-.1i5 + y_rLi,.l,_.r: ,-l_J, c,,- r, ..--l .5.rir.-.-.1:
..:* I
d .2;-: 6lr, l.t ;51;x- ).l5 6$Jl-,j*.' "Ul.ri_;; .r5l
!L+l + l_, ;rlr- L.-,-' ; l.rf,_;r,, ,i,_ yL - x:ju^ lr2l
t r.tlr;'U u_ ,r"i il. 4_ -tt+l \ ,sF_, t ,.2+.rL 'Jfu .t<-rf - c.-!L.,. L-r-tr. ,rY . tK-r-, eJ,- .2l .5,
5
\ \ \ ;J f-tt)- 1J!.jlril .,
.r,J)tc ,L, 2 V) 6 j,;lt;l r, i;.r,.r 3l ,/ +J'U {<i o,-l ,
.rJ? .,'-.aU. ;l -2 Jii ,.*; b ,:r,.f '[op, d ,J +{'U J ,t.2.r :l.l_e; .1, ,r, L;^rl ,x([,:zi _2r) rLU c;tL-;r ,(.-,-]- d;JL-i),.tl.1r-:^-:: rl;l ,S; i .* .-,-*..i 1 <-i$- .9t4; li
.rJj,! ._": i,,::,, p+U. U_l ,gJ,;lSlg;l_21., Y I \ ;l;r;r cr[LJ l-,.r.-, a5,,1*-.' a2;,_ .f.o!.;ri 6 t t j I -,1;;-r .1,:...o ggrlr.;lj ,,rL 2 6;l4lri )^:- 5t
.9r!l .,11 .;-r 6r,l .gl4LJl;;*r 6*e;2: ..r,;11: 4l-- L-lyLl ,..r.;lggrlllrj -,1_,3;1 6,_l r- ,,_ I L- :7-.tl> rS;;4. .-U;;l! ,5,_
trr lrz lrr + 3 tl dt_ I ;r:- i-gly . ,,. .: ,-grlr.2lrj; )".6
J r-::.-; "La ;" urSVrS sill .5h.,1+ r d.-+ d t{iJU
i_*+ f+ 5 p b,r" ;,,1 .e.5 .-L;;l ;, lr* L.2: ,-LjL.2rLl .r1 ,r.olr; ;L" ; .--,i t, *k;l J + L irly'l;l;t ,g!- 4' + 6t;lj C :,1 ! .r-L tl .2r .e,-, 5 F.1." JlrL;litf .Kl ."5.r, ,3*o rg J--" CL *,r5rL;r.' g_..,i !
..rHi l.r^; rirr- f r- )r*)..1r2 ;l5 t .rl7t vi
j=; \.. ,ll; ,..,--- ,_tl: Jr+ vi .,U:l 4t ;:..t Cbl,9i 7,..21r- i..'-2'.8 ,,16,1 ..::*.1 .r1J.j,U-). dr*.! I t:..:*l ;.-J.rWU jl r5.t.. .u-+ g;.rb;lj; .l ;L5,_;*Gt-b + 9-1,"J oa.t.:- bY e \ .,12.;r \ S rS e.eS\Ll (.c*l .>j,1e' ,-,.21r.- r.-2, .t_rL-- 6 j,;lsl ,g\ ;e; 6J* 4 > G* ,:i i.;lr- i2.,: 4 $Vl .91",.a.'., .r_! Q;_l
uJ a\; :.5J,;l.r;l \ \ '
r, :1j,, ei .*.:i dr.l '\ip
;r. rb .D c--j.t; .r, t91l; :l-r,lrr* Kla ,13;;,r, L ,'- ;l--.. .-5t+li I a-r,-) .l)lf lt<i!(.rj_.,r+ ! ,3n) t12u,26., 15.91,!,L L, 1 ! .rF Jt5;l+,.-tlr L2, ..!L .J-F 5 t-jirl 'i'Jt .-$L; F_]<,_ t.rj)J5 ,.,E;;l l, .rLL U_l ; l.u*::;l-' ,-r-l+,lcf .9;..rL 6;lrJ;")L ..j.l,_ d:..l, ; i_t, r, ,-!- JS.l o,- I 6 r1i lai-l 9-+-- .-9t+
.s t^jK r .rj-,*" jK ,.lL + .,-LL .r-l ,c-;lt )lj eav,s)6 ,:-v ! 'tij, l,l .,-r: ,rv., b ,-:*l ;':L_t; f--:."j;; u' 'dS n,-|.15..113r _.rLi "i 1 ;liel ,;t( .r.2ll cilL
.c*l Lrr6! ;r+ r, t^i ;,,_l l-l
,.9 t:-. ,.9\-l.;lr-)l "lr4 ;l ;;a;l.r:,.:;;b J-r )) l:Jl
'rl-c-l .:*l 4r; rL* ;L ,.lL a, e( ,-L_L F., [, .*.tSl4:.j rl .rU- I I lJ tLoL r-rlr. ,,_l o+: s ssni,<- ;.lL .-Ll. .tt'Ju., jlL .-*LL i, .r5*,.;,t-i* Ust; .rlfu a,,_;.rL 1 elyli_r3"7 6;19 a5 .'; L,r..-iL; rlr..+.- ; lr.=;,- + 1 *l e;tl ,*;i ,,_.rti. e,;L.jr ,-1.l.; 3 e+l_*.-lj('. .)l;- l oV 5_' Jl<;l )l Jl
.ert j't+:, ',*l ;2lr-6f ,;l':;l ,912 ;12;*: L ri c*l s*. .,,,1 ,,21 O,:-; l,c3 ni )l taL ;iK ;rlye'L;t, ,rU c*l-.1r cJ eJ,-
F f* cI_ l.4t all 6 t5;; _23,a; rJ"r_t c*t ,f- .rt--to..l J,l il, Ll .:1'r,r.. ;-j,;lr.l 6*--2.., .tiii e r;L,r,.
J"i; .+T.r ;1r. 6,j,;lsl .l;12.pb ;l "{ 6; S ;*lt) o, ,-'-2lr- A+)) ltj:.. t. tS ty. ,-21y'16la 7l;l;l A"r: + L",h + *- ef ;YrL-.2r 6,-t-:-:,-l .rb ,r.c=.r-.r d L!-
L: t rgQ:3
;l 6las,r..,- + .-,tlr Lrt ,9 j ";lxl ^S i;yi e,- J.a; ,tUl ; l-*.: a5 1b r.e.-2 ,-+U- 4,.' ;: L_i .1b 6t=:- I .rF, A
aS ,l{3 )l 6)V-.. ,rg.ri s;;J el.r;l .9;..,L .st*-rt ! l_,
"f,G.92.:-r .- rsv-b AJ * o*u. o4.L <L* r.gl.a*Jl
.;-t .ej,;tst;l* l.t ):r.er 5 -r.ljrL"
"b-l- rt C;;-t '* 6,Q-))lro, .,; ,)".- L-,.J;.u! .r*_-r+;" ;.r1lj rJ.Sl.t" I611 M 2:V (:.+- .tl.:*l ;.;!.c J,_r- j:" a-l 612 M .;3U Jl .; l t* .:; c-L- ;, iL .,r- 1r )rV .r"o J-L plKt t ,St-t l.t ,g.t;e. \ 1 6x, 6r3,-..e gglorL .b e" ..-+ ,'r1 urlr i:tr.r3, _ul;.ptlr- L9 3 ,r^--* L l1 .gle-;r ?. r..? J,_ ){r e5 ,rlr,
,r.; J-L e-.2r \.. .fL, ! .r.--.r [- :J ;Erl ;*.1 f .
+ -.:.; Scr t4 e ! l, L, r dl.{:iJ 6 .,,l+t.r
v.;;
t)f
;y' ;Lj:.gJ,;t-r;t rtr
.-l ..:*l d l* rt*; .t *r.l.t .; 4-.tlS t Ll ,c*l ,rf," c*..o
61" .l;rao. ,ji ;-:-E I + ts j,i-_|. ,-1lr- L.p 2:t- ,-! frte+ L- ;r"rt\t; Ji,i . .-.,i J* ;Li rl .rLL*l
.).-;,',..r; l',d,l5^--A - il ..t 5 -r; 1, l1- - r-ti;,lJ'r L '
)t-15 e-*rL$ d_ d*, .,1 -r,_! .-u ua;-:; 7lj.;,1 y ,,;-Yl e .- :-...o.ri5 Jli^r- g.rL:i q .2, ^S "J "l-rL Jl:-Llj-- | ..--;ri )-c * 12Jo;- ;i.l L. -,! 6 f--' g^-' 7-, *-1 ctrl:rlJi ,!l-* Gr- 1 I la:- l.e d J+, ,.'WU a;V-n--,
"!i....j rt-)l^- . I
6 .A ;.ir ,r; ;15 { '.SD 's* cgb-,!- cg-*-..+ -,.>
E 6rr,.,ti:;l l; J(; !l ,r5.,. 6^,.-- l; "L*!L .ffuo,_ I .-L.il o? , I E+l .-+ L a, l; ;,(-.. oili o,_Ji.rLd:J d t*:5U issl ,:r-n ':,-1 4le ,-gtl4lrir=L .gle^; ; .:--r
J-L- .:,;b- r., .r:.:...a C .rL r.nlr.r 3 elte;.rj;,g;p-rt- "L-!- -r-r[ .r! ..l.:ti a. .,1-rr.l .rr2;t5 4 a5 4,n.r+ dlrd lt-, :x;-; g;rl:1lj r( ,*l jL-'9q+ ,fr
.;rU< )t.5 + 1.,, Ui Jl; dl,"rL.b-;r arLll
\\d L. I r5td;3 .V
! l, r..* tr e-.;- .rS c/ c-:;llL;; l_t ai u)t, DS &*9-.+ t -6i tz ,,5 )* S ,-,"_ri ,d .y_.tlK a 1.rl; ,9u., *.; a 6V;:.;L 1r.+- tS.tl* G)r.9121.: r:Jl ,c--; b , a
,t3;,t st:.t _ts*r ct-l tr oi --! )1. drl Jl ,l;li"!"-,-yr
Ll .t"j: ):",r.rti I !- ,:1_ _1r* : ;r,-l j\ r1,.-*l 6ri-;) ,.. ;l;l 3 b t9.t:z al ^1,- _,1 jr ? ,fb ,u-n e#Lt^+ '; ;V Llr- ",,-q ,r5.rj ..1! .2.1[,r. cptJ-' 4;:VV <L-,rL_ 2tS 1.2 6n2 O -<.- 4_ Jl S,SJ. ;;.-S,lL! -ut" Y ! r+ Y. 't.- ,rlt ,erl& s)lj 65_2 6,se..:r1 -ul; i' \Y .,l5 ule I y-.21t4 j- t_, ,16,_l .u.r,r,
d-l + nj., .rlt];. f-t.rk+ :r 6 c*l ,r.o, J"l, ).t.( Ll
d/-l + l.? lt ,.t-t t t9 l,t,1= -,,-! .rl-il* .-u:l ,,j"6* .rKrL*. t t'* J- e t r-? rr Jl ''1
=r.., 6 J-+e.+ )j-)
(r+- )l rr1 -r.a l; ;_, F J5 6: ,.t,J ,t_:s s--+ c\_ ilr-..7 2' 6\p;2 o.l*
..-;1, ,rli ,r.6, L; -,1.,2.:.*.t -r,_! -t=1 .--.5 2 6lr-.rl-,1, r--.+ e- d ,rs .;*l ,.gJ--t.gl;;i i;r- ,,iG J*,s:-b \ r*+ r.' ..ulL b fJ:- ^J &" ,-- , a rtr- 4j* l-, L- J,,_,.st; f, + J-- ! 3r a5
".ar,r.- .rlS e ,s )+-
3 a J; ;l 3 u- J, L- _ 6_* ,_r+ ;^.:,.b, ,tl )S )l);.c " lr..r.ot; b : a J* 7r+_ \ )t J* _.,r*.,,
"fd:; o
,) + Qv J-h ett ,s,-_L1.C'+ )-t*) +!l .s kr:r;b 2 a l:, ,rl 9 Jl .ure .iur. ,it \-.4 ,rJlLrl ,f.15J) t u J) ",J C.. ! .J.-L l- ._,! J-rt .s:* 6-1 4 !
uJ o\;: sl6ll;1 \\r
,!- ;r-l .-11r, 6,-;,rL 2' ';:*l *rK v ;t(UJ 6taisI s a,-t ,-S ,Wi
"s !--t ,p---z s: ;'J;j-- rl c*l "2Lr
.rlt B d- r9st,i.ts 1r .r'iL ,gL;:^llS 4 .rrl+ r-t-
r.*ij -.;.r ,-L5 .--r, atr Jrl .r*kJt- u-l )l z 'As't js;\. .1 g,[,r,ra l; ,r, L5 .c-!,L5 u-L eiu ;-E; 6.+ .f-Lt, f--: i-;,o \ . jr-rb t, r* 6 .e:lr,rl., ;i ;t +,J-e
;l.t brj , )l r.. ,r-l.ilF b,;-e \' d, f .9s.t 'r:lrrr6.)it ,*..t*\ lS r!;- vi I V--rt-;- a-.;..,1 ;l 1L-
1rW Lt +"..,1: -,, vi rK ro- .*5.r' ;Ur ,i 1 '- '7i
r- lr2lL , rr-" Lt-4.1 4 ,r:. r, l"* :1; sG ,Ii', J*Li ,..+-t- xlyrr 2 t:*l ;iup rl5 ;,,-l .ri;,r; .r!:$t ,slt ;J^; vgQ|:-t rf L;i ,l ''; u!-;a PV't-6L J'L +,.1t ,-.:.t 6 t.5 ,fS -r,-'9; ,,-,71, rP. r lL'?l,t-" ."s- i--p Ctat t". ),rt ;q L tr"- -r,-[ .r"; 6,-l '.:*l
a) 4 u"1. -,l5 I ! ,rlv.r l, -b 'r-r'i; -,,ti ;'-l lFl rl.;;J ,;ll:l 6 .-y-) u
$ rt ,t* | <c9 t-t, C*, [- "ri C"* .l'l Jsl t-r-".-1^x 6L ,7 2: -11
,rst g--. ,L- G,tt S *-J n ,S.t u"t
.rt L C"+ J-L .r- ai ,gls aY # 4- rl'ri. 'rj:Lt -y.-: ,t-l )l aS GL.S r.o ..:*l ..r7 s: 6lt c{ ;i 7-,lii
ur--L:r l ,;; b)t )t*ti.llr* tr2-L 6^+ ;3t tS ,5 2rr-.
t r--. P,r)S e rUS tn 'rt.r,-l ;'t ''r5r!.a:' j'c ';*lt-rl-, ,ss, l, a .u-..:*l ,'....-' uL- 'n* + 4\ utJ uttO ,ut \ l, ,l .SF ,,r-1* .d,y.-r.rL; l1 ,:-tt : g-tlK u'
\ \ V Lr LJl{:3 .V
fa. tl ,.t-l J) ".ss'-:t ,J;*.j' A:;IK ,";V t.tli 6)) r-'.
AJ tlj e.5rl+,, ,-,^:j u_\ .: b "-.,[- t';6 rS ,fi .;-1
.-l;rli )l;+! .J*r
'.*.:lM;3 *
.:* l_, L:- eL_ .9y; Ll ,;*l .-Li e I ,rqq:l,92\- o t a rs!_b C"* L, c, A L\ii J.! L\il+,, Jt-,-t J* ) o|-,_b- o5 .:--! ;t, .-:..-"
-.-- l; sgr,,_.r" 6-r s.'.s J-l sl;u, o2Sl
'u;; , .l-i I l,orL.; IM(o"bt =M(a\ t M(b).
)\-.,1 ,912 1.2 u"aV "Lill;-r ,rr.rr ,.;1c .,1! ,,_ | ;.>
6)j-) e g_) S:',:;--" l, ;,,1 d ; .l ,.e .6rr J\b ,a6, el; ;rz-t; .lr;"rL a5 J.el .J.i.r .J:l .,.L, I ,,:.Ll )ri.-;' ,9 j';l-;l tsts*) 6 a) Jrl .,1.ir;L,o 6,_ I ..:;ll; ;=3 ,S 2L; i_* .Sl-t 1..r1 6ktJlr_r: 2 ;*l .,;lr,-45 rjjl e Gtt 1--+ :t r:-J,.1 o)) ))t .,,: .tS u. u;:;
.rL.r, Jrk _r, t;lg ,t j j; t,,lt iiS 2' r92; * Jlt ;)r a+t,g_) pkt _,Fr I c*t ;lL fr- )r*r,4,_ ,./E- | ! Yr* rK .rl .S.r, uz;,-t |r.:*J )lr;L -blri_* L. t r*l ,Ji -!_*t _!U .,,Li., 15 u+.I s::l-.u-Jl.:; r, )+ .,F.r lFl r;e; l- "u- ri
-, zlrii. .r.,le
$)j );*t ,s.ey), gr J) )t * J,L ef ; ,p.,;.ei
t .;r, .;*l o.u -L-rr, ,.-'._-rL_ ".,r .,'iu lO* ,.)--t L* +\, I S
uy' a\:: dJ{lil \\t
bj4 (*l 33 ,t, , ,,j, )t-".t-.r-$ .r,,-l .J.,-ls, c-) r' b
\ uf--,1216.115 a, ..i,Il; iea 5s 4. tt6'-n "il2
d'1 'd'- -'1''
\ .9,5.-,-, s ,,cY sl,a--b + ,-+ :' 6-e )\-';l f:<LJ:3f -iLil1 iVV "-p;.r-l o!-t- '.,,L'- 6'+ J-L .sL"
,b.,i; L 2;-r g,,-l ;! lK.b 6ja,t;2\ix' 7* e "'-l
6*;)t) 6,
L(4+b)=L(a)+L(b)'
<6-:r ;j l.r rl e;Ker irLl-l r5 ,rri,U a'J ,t-:'s U-l 'V3
,-rktl! rl r5 .:-l ;LJ ;'J *. s\-S o. ; brL; 1y'i r., l-,1
Ll .c*l 6.-- J-' lL:; 1'rr rr+r r[^; .{c *-l- lr I+l F-'1 ,rli.,- l-1 L; 2r.;^+ .,, L.- J* d- ^.t el e' Jel <+rr
LrL;4-u. g.a e ! 6 +-\ ."j C.? e ! =t"- Js-t
,-rt LeL; .;*l L)- Jr! ;-i.-L; d '-*l .9'l-rl r(l '- ,:
r-k -r a:+- ;f .6-i: 6,Vi -s: -u'"r ttful 'r(J..t ''l;;-'il, ,-f--r+ b,S 11i J* S ,s--;i, 6L'- 6'+ cx
)"^. 4.r.e\iJ;rLr,d1 LW )l Jl '11'rr5 'rJL- -uL.,,r'
.91r, !1 <. r a1-J ;r-1, 'ft'' 'LJ e -5 \str' (c-l ,*;j;
o,-l .r-1.r, .pU l1 ;-L; u-l .f-r.ts + 6-e JLo,l J.o
\ J-h ,s-'-x-g.+.ti-) tr-v 6lr' -*l si'6eV G:'t.brL; ;l .rl.c*l
L(aob)=L(4\+L(b)','f tj t.}l"-l ;l;n tt 1t J*
abL(a) L(b)L='Y-
L(a. b) t,L(o+b)" I l
l-^,
rer.el \ q -,,_! Y! _J:.,'. >*L )* g; b n 6 e/
\\1 L. t.5Q;iJ .Y
;L;l::- l Ll ..rr,_j" C.* 4,'. i+* .sk+S i..l L_;c*; L-k , s!; e-^o)- Ji .1., U i; e1,_ .r11, ,.-.r;l;,{ rl-r.-l .1: u-; 614-c.-.r!yS 4_} )r .i:*l 6.'at.4,_ rl-u.I.,r C ,B ,A lL.--l Jt ,tr_L C.+ J,fu g,_t r, *.t,12 Vt ,A * c--; B i:"er t JtS iS)- c{+ ..j.L_ 1r .-* l_.7 ti,-..c- I Vs d{-)t5 ..r.t_-;p r, .lK;l -u:L Vz ,B + ;*: C e:^er
c9:-ll1 rl-ril ,, ;t "U,- .vr*v, \ c*.1 .geL- A *. , , : g
uy' t\; : .gJ.-;l.r;t t l,r
- el.:;l .:1,.; olSi*, ,, o.tt t J* .t.21,;. 6,6.,-l,2 lJlS.nt--,.gj
& "rl Lr r cX 2 6j,1sl gslra L C) d ,..>;tt;5 o. c); t) )1;-)61L; 1-;*r .\
6 jr.,t+ rF, .Y
-r.- 11 6.5 -,73*r .Y
; rL c* r" ,c*l;ler, ;r .,,_f t9t- \ 3 rt_t..,,1*,sJ-,jl sf.! !-*l ;.rit *f .-{+ _rr r.r.j { d^:-' k ;+t 4l2L2]9;,"o-.rrj e.+ ! \;r. 5* dr_ | t ."lr ;;:; L-kCll.j" tt) .-,-1,r, c*, t L:.lr" ,pl.l ;r g,,_,r ol, ;.c-tt:* &r d,r I {* L. 6,\ :t;;-; J_+t"+ G- 614-.r S-2: 6!i2 -4L 1 , E l-t t-y ;..o- .S tt
^st tS + '-V
J _:.5Ll ,; :1.:7-r,6^: lr Si "l;.r .+; Wr,' ! J.rl,.u-! l-, r j J -r"j '-rlt tS t -.,* rt-, ,rJ-L; 6Wr ! .5 .f fu
i*l )t ;..eJ- C ,-t;- [l _t: .5 ,ra ;15 t
" -vr+ V2
1+v_*
Jr,- 1: u'.i' .-), B s,\-bi ;Ji- 6 S -,t^'juL:; . .ts e .s ,.s v t u.- ;.c- L. A ;rL- rLJ 2l 2 ;:*l;.s - L 8,.^;,. )U5 rl c*l Jr-;r _1* .r L-6 ,t I c O-LiG--,A 1tV I {+ C i4- u- ."tirt'_t @ * ;^;) Vz
rl$. .Ki .-r:r ! dl+-J vz 2 vr ,91.s:-o- Jl tc*l ,-t; v,
14 .c*l ;.rL .rU 6r..:-r A C-h ) C) u_l Jljl 6rq.-: ,91r, I ;*l d/l .dl eq !ry2,r- -215 + +,r..r u! 6i\e. J-l cQ r5.51.-ru5,-L:. Jj L+::.5
l-r- ;,$.y-j"r,;6* .:-- I .,LJ c'.21r> 4t' r5 g--r,-r )Aj .r.; l.r.;
't-.c f{iJ +:l ,slt .-ru 6f--' dkJU, lt.+l 6a-,
lr I {';*< o-_l .d-iL. ! lt.r.; -ul;! tif I 6l,.tS rL--,g;r!; rl-r-; 4,.c r) l-l ..r[.r, u.rr.ji olr-,-<r ! n L: :;rn
"lK ,.tt+. );L Ll< ^- 7) t r.;b :j,-..1 ,.._-r,"6-: crki5.J,-Ts. JLr: * \a;T ,9 j,tlsl 611
o L r .5WJ, o\V 1* ii-)try ;l.u-:.;b jl 6rL-1,) c,,- | dr.l l{-:- t,l ..r:.; l:.r. jrl; l, ny-j, g.+ .gle i'<, ri,++ -L_! ,r_-q
"FU \ ,js u_t r*th Jt.-ll.iU "e1t--
,r+ ,j".4 ,:lrr ^5 tlr.r \. ;U; l, .-*S ,!"- 'g-$.
S rS J;S r. Jl .'; (: ,-:-i+.ilr:.r l+, J-;l 612
.c*l .;:La ,.j, J-r, :* ,-lL u.Ll2 6.r,-x"gq ).al
U-l S J< jliut .o:\- u,. L: : 4 r y-j,6.+ cal l; .:i,""d,t- .rr_{C-- ,}-.1 Jt Ju 4 -r+C-- ,*l ;3
.n;lr,-t L: r - -r-r1UC.+ ;.=J l-2 ;i ,.r;U
\Y\ Lr r ,cqiJ.V
-,Li ! l-, r,yl; 1r ;r5l .J.r Ir* p L-tb l) B 6),i :-;a +
L" s e t o\; 2" ^S ,st-h + ,-,*,:L- 6,2.s t^i-o 1: Cr-13 e2 Lt u-.t,r,_11_.1 c*,1 Cl, .drr J.d- e + _u;L 6.ti ro,u.\<,J" jis .,l_r"r .r,_lrl ! .; 10 ta d)*p, e r "faL
Lr
,9f ,;lt:l Jy, ir* +. 1 )-o;- e { *_/ g,_l r Lle, r5
651- 8 ryL s91l-v- t t-5lr2 .; ..1:_*6.+ ,_,,l;rr_rUi. r;;.,
dlr, jl '! .<*t. l.t Jur;V Jl ll .p 2e2-:V 6-+ ! c*l.i:-. / j, C-+ 'Ki r:+r--., $i ,t 4 ? -*y-.uL;U*-,.r-r-; ) arll.r, L= , l, ,rt - 4V 1l;u. "f,-L;
..,;j'o -.1:
r--L C"? L{j i + blt\f Jr ,(c*l .;: .2r .91.-$,1-:. "f.r.
-u-! l-, .4* S t6. --a,-c*l 6- -9"'-.b )l .d<
4 + lr L<"-r.-* ilr ).> .r::SJLd- J* "*,.- :b L:
:
6-*, e f ! .rr-l r Brr J-t 4 t I,r !1r.,' K! ,r.rj4.r-.*jlr- L: : bltr? \ gi* 1st ,13):;l .; ., 6-W**J-jr .J .rl,_ ;,j1 d.1 o,+;; )V e5 -r,-, a-.ol;c-!- t .+; 6 3S ::^ t;L-"Jl -J
5 "u_rl, rL- I .e^-.y
..:*l L^ , J^' oi ,-a )a 4 d+ ,rL',Jta,-l .9ly c-=J
,.rLr ,+l-': t-e1.2 2t Cr:;lK g,r rL5 .r( *-r,( u-l jS- rar,yt - 6t.9ly .c*Q- +- drb ir-_ e + ,*J ).tf ;;2lS ,r--l *13u. r7f--" u.;";.L: r -.,_+UC-? ?, #.9lr, Ll ,:2.su' .)-^; I !11; JLa,-l ,Slt ,rr-V )"15 J-tl. , --* 14; J-l -!;t ..-+ rJa.-t Q-;=- Jl.-;t
L-; ,y-i U6^+ Ll .L, , :s\, ;,-l 6 L;i rt .c* I ,r\, 6',1,1,{!?" J,"r l_j4 ;*l o5'-
"_rt ) J-},_)J, )r. G-: +V
F t\;t.5Jo.;li;l \l'
7* \'l'r l.l vt .'i bi'o ;T 1l i;n 6 ;*l A-J ts';\
! .3-|;; .gt^r:-; Jl Ul .rti c*r r, ; l;,r. vz 2 vr ,s:rT
t*e JV ,c )t .,.t. )* ,tK;I t;S-2, rL_,l ;t*..1 tsWrt Vz 1Vt orL r^- \l V3 j t r.d._l -2r .1el ,,! L-.- t {tr d
?,r t 6t J-rs -51 .41_,r, jlrr;l .5l,rl-! .-f,U ;rl.r;l
+ Ln{+- ,-r+- 6Ver tn } 6 -r,_: -grl; +S urtter )l rilis; ier e' 6'-1 71,-+- .ltJ! 4t .tt;srL-,!; ;t u7' c.s- I ljrr * tr-lr: ! .,.r., -/t:. ttb e; l'-r:.:5J--:- bt Al-y.r..,:r) .:* I L. , u-tn;:i, t
.c^-1' y-j,6.+ Ll ,(c;b ue;;..5-b -lt t-j,b6.+ L: : 611# J-' 6\a';t; ;l;^;.. + .,r);- Lz I Lr .91-orJ Cr:. L-tl-, C ,f l ..t:;.-.o L-11,
,:lt c:r ,s't;*- ,f t; +;l GV;.9t-ril--U i.r--t:" f +. tsl2.r-.-t-./ tr:.t Jtt. J<-:. t, d-U\ t-*l :# .)LL-l
;.*.2r L_ ,r,-l..:e; LtLaLU ;ea-t "l;u- l, ;L; "gt.oei-U..iur,r, F-l; l-,,r,-Ei .91-uLU ef .rL pL.- I .-eb+J e3(L; 6,2.s t p! -,'L5 .',l-,a at s,_taal rrljl: ;L; .rl: J[:;l I .]i:
.c :: :2lS ,g-1.2jl J:- ,4- 6L1 or. ,.rJ r-.; s,Lj il-aU.r) d,,-l {U d/.,1;l ;U,l df- 6L,1 o-r.. , n_F ,t_-.i t-oJrl ,j{f; fK.r^;: !.:*5- f { ,t19g,.,,rta t,;l-; ,.-,.r.. 11 6,,-l .-t ,tri2: ,t:S u' J-b eY 6L1 .--r,. ,.l.r5 r,r .r5 .,,r -rl l-r+ :1.r,-r-r
Jl 4t.;- *_e + lr l+i ;.,1_id ,?_) 6.o I ^5 g_.rb c*:
Ll .rl.r ,.a..;-;- bli,f b r,l 6,_l .-u.or 2 $*.:l-r.,-e.2 1r
u-b ai t;-b ,y-l 6-* ft...l .r,J riL l-2 to:lr-e-;6l;.rj,)J
A.;';
crr l=*r
.y' ;t\; t lrJ.jlil \YY
d, .!U ).[5 (c*l jlp JL^-l dly o.ru:
.r-L-- I ..:u;l.r.r. i:17 l_2 n2i 6-+r , < L= :r 6t-r,il1 ri-)ti
.riJ ., < L. rr ,jlil frj + .65 rE:;l ..:Le--l;,l dr_! + .-+c-=J
"i,,, .- : : 6 , or;.5rL.oi J'.r ,il,- u-,- l.,a r5:j;.r..;)l.tl
.gtX3;t S '\4 t ;;, ,J) -ri L :;*l rr-r" .c*l 2-r,6.+
'ei:;p Jrlo.jq ,j-lt ,e j,;lsl i_2!_2: r1 .ttl-)- ;l;o. ,.:f I
yr 6,1 .,bLJ el- + a:l ,4': .2lS )r:s) )) l_, ,l_V; ,3V_) ttst! ,e-&. elll l, ta--l Jl .'.- ^ .,-Ll ul,;; rr dJe-t' &-r4 c*l dr<- .:J.L-r',6l;o. -,: lt _fi_t "g\:.J;lt 1., t+i ;l;.r. .pl.i- Ll .-uL;2.r,slil F, .rl{jJ Jio)t : I dLj L- L;.i ,,: {l-aU r.lU- ;l 6 ,.r)-s .- l.,1-.:-"r ,rlJ,9f ,;lt;l;1.2e;r .2r ef .r--;L,!L; + b tJ G* ,# rrlj 2: ,2-,7 b;- J+ t ._* F> fr+e j ;jr- i2'_2:
J) th;b.r. e5 e-tS .fj ,fV'sy,,i,r, .g_rJ .rl:; I
+ d-* -K_'.rti#rl 6tQ rsf ,)lt l.2r .grK el.i;l l;
1*, 6r-l + )r€ (*t ;:l), ,Jt t W; 2" .9 j,;lsliy!-rr f<e r r- .J-.-;..7.r .rjleJ_el dt+iJ ;t: J)
)r*6. e.- 15 .r ,Li ,9 j,;lsl c9 kl-Jl:-r--)
gruJ
\ Yd !,uj .
rj;,_r. c.i L- dl-j J L+-! .5Lorl_r,1r r.r 'hr.:a.- L-- ,rrL;l )j-) ,) crl t ,: L-r! u$ ,1.\S ,911
62: S .t--15 4 .+; c;lJ )rir 4 I .s:L; ,5112 .2 3r*t 4.,3)l ,L-.rL;,.r;rl;-l u,); sst,tt,sVra lr.,r.:.-r 6,1.rj.e2 .rL rl-.,_ | ,911. ;*1 .g lrl*1 e-r. L f .r! , E) ,-p-S
-K" o.n -t, s xj e eIS &21 ;l k-rL ;l s^b,.. ), .\s1,V
ur: sL 5- rl-r + l;;L; .,,Li[ ;-L .+ali., ir-;t5 c*l JL ;l;1r.o ;l.r*l lr .$u^ ,;lL;l;L*i ;r _u;;1rtlt ;'r.t u1:L; o'i Gn-,ts-t J-h oLlt l; r;;L, _r.- l.;
;lr-; ;;r;:-"t flu ;*; .r"-S alr: ,r( t-., i ,l Ll .ll.rl.,l,;L,.r.-11 ,rUlO* .Fli,.rl ,/ \l6t )L ;,;*l ;;2\.prb + J L-f,- 1r +)f )r) \ tt4 4. sV iSf SV I.r^- i-F \1' . JL
=0*+6- lv.- l;:. r .rU .n'-5 -+F.q; ;.:1r )l; t L- , ...1j< 1L5 a, \tif JL _,, lr j_p
u_l
, 6 i-.-: iJr ,;::--- r;1 d.rl..' oL;l ;l; .S q, -, 1eU
.r*Lt ;L;.5lar-11 . ;,,^, -,r;$i ,r-,.1tr,r 1,4e. .-u_i ;*,-r.- lr
".-_* .23*: 1 ,g 1l; ,,*" ,55- ,r.:t )l .p l( ;*l
..,; J).' )-S l; oi -r,_! ,Ji r Jt,c!-', n.,. 1[:;r Sg : q*-.9L-. 11 6- .rl9; r, -r,L l-u,l
f;n "S .*l slsE ,J,..-> ,_b + upt ll a-L_ 1,__y*,_l,U.;*l .r,:b S:* 4l + ,e: ,,\:. .*,t rlF lt tr +;y1*l 6i-.i .rr.l .r.9- .u i; rl Ll ..,_b ,r*; &l uV;.9lri ;!- -* y ,,1;r,_l ;r,- ,c .. I
,s,. sL J,*:, plr- , r"zlri-,,1-r. 8 ;*l .;:-, t.:4-l;l.til-,.;Ll-l ,[ i-o-r-o;= .l
J-l-r ff- r( c*l ar,_
| utsl: \lt;l rlr" .-[Jel u^6 .rs-,s
uf o\; : ,5J';l.r;l \ rf
.,-LL 4;l .r!!-l ;L; .,r. 1, ,,1 ".r_L; Jt ,t-,+.
a ;U;'^L; I n ;L; :l;: ,l a rl-r,_.1; ,J ob] .,*l S\'lfr.-;) .r.L;r J) + c iu, ia; t- B .,jLi :Li ,t b :l*2.1 2
a. :c*l . L a ,:.- lLt; , o ;VI .ihj (\- J<* + +Sa. l1 r.J 1.1 er 6r_ I L .l ll_L-..r .r, L; 't(nr;l r l-r;_3.,1 er 3 ,s-,)..r:rlr:i I .;l-o; I i,:*" dr_ I ;Lly r(l ,,.,-rl.r; .5j* ;4r" O'_l
.ri r, ri,u rl) b eaJ; J..V ul;rrU Ct A )l;Lr;.r..,+ .Jl;rl ;r- + KJq ,t*,r..;,]Yy'-h S 6J:;*;.yr U l.f .Jl;-'l
"|-- cr_l .r5.r Jli .;=,.r: + V ^S
yLIl; .9_,,_i 6.+ .2 r:*: ,S r;L,r, 1.rU 1.2 V ,t,-u' orb eLlj x"yr
:PlJ--r ,r-i r iq J* .ef ,;t;^:t 6ttT(a. b) = T(a) + rQ).
b
;:*y uf-- r5 .rl-i,.2; .e.r ;;;b e;r -,1: L ,Jp ,-';\.2 *.
.elL- rlr-e..1 J5 ; i-, )) u3* u. ;l;i .rl-, 1t-;t pt(- ").r-r ;jl-jjl ru ;;-r ,-.;- I .e-*l rl.l-.2-2 r, ,.,t L, .rkJ-tL C.* !,.1e. .;, Q;; of ,- ,sS o--6.rQJr! .rr-*e-+j:.ts. s; e; ,lL,_l " ,rV k;l I t2.2u..115 r. g-b.: l-r,-.1-,7
6lt 6.ts,*: .- a) ,:\- f: )l ,.:-",i-,-,, ..9rlr-,-r, ,.,
l, ,r, i.o; l-r,_.1, :Sr. jU; J_b + rtl'; ,rL; ,gL; .g,3 el.r; I
.l- "i Jt+.' t lii t -fl .1J.. ilrjl J.;:-; 217^a ,S
o,- I .rrri el;, ,.s j-t.t .tj*) 6lt .t-U:. {t d-..! di*.
,J"* Sa; + A
;,_ | Ll ,-uL ,r,.eii
',9t'n "L-c 1- +
\ YV ,itr; .A
5--t elt )l ,J..b4 ..l.;t: ..g-!--ul ; g;l2b L_ r1; .ru,- ,rJ6- o: U-i6p + e5 grlr 6!=l ,St;tt \V.rtat,ig;r
..r-! gJJl!
,sD 6l,* u u .KJ,r. J"-! q 4 J'!-r*l ;,,1 Ll
f.- lt.r.j r1.-! ,".;r lr: .- .: -2.t ,r, L2 .59L- .9[aI-U ,.*i;-oi-$ d*)) Ll !d. .l u1:\; ,s:t,_gli.. I .r;.2., 4 ^t p_..+qjl .FS dr=- rL_Lr;e*: eL5 +, I; ii f+lr.f a5;,.1 ;e,
"f.t' d,rlK rts q q, .;iq (J,-6.r ,l:,,_r, o;;L ,1Ll ,r, u_l
3-LL; ..g t, s-s.: )p n5 ;jr. ,r- r t .vrL,- j:z Gf Lr.)L o lr<,_i dL t .,'1_)16
"as6 p:,,s"+-,,-ll-r.; r3,-3 ;iJ+ t- r+b i.:.i:l G- uV; 6 j ";lt"l ,elr E ,-;l: l; ,5-).r-tl;".. .r-rt 2 .t:*l , +o ,: 6q ;L.9--
"gLuLoE ,r-.J-o
;l .rrrli 4lr.o ;-,Jii r l-.7 .:^^_.! .11.r; ,L, 6.;J ,;lt;l ,gl1
6lt - lt af t-; i ;l ."elS 4 u, eVJ ,r.;1-, eJ,_ .-uLi e L-,4_ t-l 1'.ra)u.a:,riL;- Jli(J.j ,.rrlJj (,, Lj 6t"d.-l, ,9j,;l.l
:aj U_ d*l 6:V ,,se 6V- + uaY t1;
'j l+. ,s-,.s.t.r,-[ l.sl trJ 4U ue ,,Se 6a, + -:*l ;$- ) .:*l .r,.1[-,tK;i .(c^;t, #;l ,lr A ;-*: ,s,:t
! ,lt - ,1 ,l.i d1 ,Jr.i.-A e, , e,.rl l, 6L1 ;-i,. .2.>
,-;.l , ltr.rt_i6.+ ;3,-t 2 o4$ -,L;;l ,c*.1 .gf_. ,.t*tC-- J..L L ,-:*l .e3L- ;L, ;r. F J) ,Ce !Q ,-r-s.2 e,. y l; ;2*: u'-l o-i- ..t ;L; ;-r. et )rL u;L.-
.l-J,g -tV r o-ui ,- l;:; I .;rL; dl-nl:ru-=.-. 2 ,9 jV 6lt u;1.2;-> +l.tr C) J*< ,"s I,
uf t\;: G; i.t;;t \\,
c.!- )i.:e*.2$; 6lo.;1: c-j eI- + t* .-. 1b- i.,11r el,- '.-.1-;
.,L c*l; d-* rr & .t-yY! + ,L; ;.,,-;6--l ;l &eI& ,"-y',1! +. ,L;; ;.,,-; a-l 2l :ta- ;;;S ;l ,,r- s ,rt/.t(i :,r5,r, ,y. 'l;: dr-,,drr-L ,l ir-r-- s )-.t</ .--o dau
rl-r,-e; cJ,- !i.i,u L:,-l ,.)t€ rlF Jn!.-..;rk; !.;.er g,-l
6\ a-l g)::r-!js,r. Lit ia,l! .:1.112 g,-.ru-- 2l .5la;1 r(L
Lr, 4- k - c*l .r! 15 .r-21-u er -tb ut),.:J, .Jsl; .;eb4-> 6- +,sri it.t fr .r-l'-r5.rl!-lr'r rt- 1r, 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.1
.*l (Jrjt!
ts-s e\- )l i:...>a .J Art ^S -Eil s. ,.;lj;l -11. : Ll
ut.:L 1 ,9\t ,ri,- :r2b -h tt l, 6;6u pP rS 6' 6tt\td-L- .r," r: c Ltt ,,8 ,,tl) ^''.- r.l+ ,-;*b -r* n irtt,.2 3" .;, L7 6-l d .:* I a,';t ) .Ja-..t 6 eL.- uoV i!-r'\^)t) ,;'.'..-^-i .!rta ;lr;Li;l .:-*l .9Ui ..r-r.-: 6.1!;
6- -S--' ,s\o)t.t .t".-r;L r.;L;--.1r drL.e ;bL ;*l d.,5-
,e--^rli. -,, .r* e)Y {l; jl r[ e.,-.r> s-L cI ,rl c*lg>12 ..:*l ul tV ,st I {4' { i'eL ':L- Ll, /z ;57
..r1b re+. e s.j:-- U .irU,- '?tU Lt 9r g,- I 6- e( .:* I
.2t1:J ;\z-1.-! crB L, q i! t. ls bLL ,5j,;lsl+ 3 C -,U;l lr ,stst ,;i,',-rl, J*. ^S ':*l ;;2; ,,.1 ,stL
gsgL-L, t ultr* lt ;l; ,g j ";lxl .c*l ,r,rk; 6-f pe'.tQ ,sr-s.t J-l ..,:i rc;1'i5 ;!i ;l.uB )l --*l .gUi
.<r_l ! ,.,J "rtiu-l ;l;; -,:,rn a\r;l ,r,- .;*l ,}iU1':+L r .r.la;b il c -*l .5Ui ;-r; 6rL;- + c*; u:o+ 6l.t>
,51 .,--+ rt .,lS ;rlil {, jr:l J: **l otV ts}6t
\l{ ;;tr.; .A
C) t*t g,-l .r,r-r d+ rj,- .t, l.s esV.r;1, rJe l 61.r.-21re!- .,-_.:lr 6,1V; .;;*:.st_ ,r5l .S,.r .J-K 12 I ,9_2r*> r-,C) u-l J 'l*l l.t .-r-lr.,*-* tj-, d-) 62_4.f ;5i-t
.c*L ,$l ,, 3l; ,5 j orlxl ,slt uis_ti,dlt C) Lt ,t-l l_i I :r; ;l;cl c*l 6,(.- Li_t ,r2 12 ul 4l;u. )fi :_ul[ .* u,.rv s2.2 + ;$_ sl;nJu .2: 'lrJ ,lrrl 4liU. jt r: .l .9Ul ;_u: 6rE .SL..,rl.: a-o l; C:-, S _r-J L" e-Jl,c*l * C_t r-.*,-.rL .2|a1 jL-, u"V caLu;.r_, ,.-U.JI [ &-* ule6it S .:*l ;,,1 rj :.$ "r,-! b_{l S o,+. iS.: .sr;u.t 7) e-l -51 ;- .- ,t-.;t: bl,t ,.gj";lt;l ,slt ,s){-r ,-u;! ,r;+ ;*l .sEi d,.rr b-tA b--" *-U 6.,rr;e_.1
..r,_1,r, .:*, \ -9-, ,st s_: L: sr, 4 ;:; JrL g..,,-
ts j,tl.ll.rl': .slt!, il;- + p u2tV xt_t,S ,4 ,_ij-ir'"-> uzsL; lr-, ! lr p olte "rSl
.,*l ,-u:; 3E--l ;L,! "F4 <J.'t^.n a5 )* ra,,-ia b.rJ a--UL p'{ * ,5J-_:&21 uL2 ..-u; ,-L;l u.); xtt ,p S 4 C; i .",.:*l
"gr.r.Je S;ri S ,e'65; L l;ar,_ I a r l;,r. .al .r"[j
,92L 3;2i.2.,.r,-l q9l-o o11r S ut c*J kr, ! .r.l5...ilr..r;Lr ! rtJ o,- l :# a..tf l_, e.r ;,,_ I .r l;.,.. a;jl ,;.- ^l
.Je 1.L+l 1rr-,rr YrL 9L; ;-r.. 2, &eI .2r ,--U L;"r; L ,.:*l .;.U- "U; &2i uL;.r r5 r9 -lJ.*l a,(-^# c'-ll d6 t-t r*L;i 6,,.,t 6 r! I ,r{ Jiei ,.,Lj,t r ,:sE ',;9:;l u'G/ L'1 -:-o' ,rU _.13,.rr L .1;.r, ,-f-L;Vl; *-. rl.r^; -*,1 +!..rF d/_!l+ .Fjj! rj;L,16
,F t\;: ltJ.jlil \YA
1.2 ..r-; ..,8;l J1.2 g;bo.29r.rl .:tr_ f ;L; o-r.. ..'J l.r- .r.- l.p
o,_l Y- A SS; , .c;J d-..l; I .rL; .r,,le ilt + alt,rJ_p...E,D,C,B,A tE 6o ...0, c,b,a r5QrL 1,. tr._2er
e\- J* + tb&Li o,_l ;l el_ f 3 ,.-&. gl;,r, .c*l .-ur;
1l b;.22: Llrr,-r,_.r( 2 $ ,plr,sl.:*l ;,(- uJ .:*l .t-11
<;OYrlr;l l-s ,--s eL;.n :aar.r. g-!k.c;lr9-;Y.5b a ;.21.r
Ja) 6;rlril 6111 u-11;-t d6 &;_5 l- .tr{r;.({"++ s,_U.. jG\} tlt r, r;L .2:U l2 L L; -5 .9;_.2r_L_
DE
.Yl Js.i
;l pl.rS r.o J>L) --l"j ,* l: r-1.; -ul1 S ;fl,9j,;l-t;l ,.sD 4-V ,rsJ-if .;;-: ,(o-ur; ,.-Li.!l g;La$.r.)
,r, L, iLU 3 n-J rs L r-;-;*r u-l .Sa elr, "t;.skJr!.,rL 2 c*l f .D .iL;i b A jLij ;l 2 \,c;L; L- A i5; o-,,it ,J.tl. ts-s J4 * )t ,tl)'tLal; 2 ql;u. -&-" AflL.r-11 i2.1:61-.1;Lir ,lu Gr-.r.-r( .rtlt .ut -;*;e,,-l .',-rf-;,r. ,-!!rc/ ar 6 j,;l't,'1 .:.-i r l-r,-.1; (i: C* -tt
g:,12 ;;Sl .911-- -,1.:.-r .,.:- I r l-r.,-.1-,1 ii .,: I-j J-* oe.15-r,-.r;l .:* I ;,5-) ;L2 ,iLU r, 6 *-J't ,ti-: .t-l.c*l.9eL- rl-r.,- + .rr -rn d +jL- ,r-r (,u! -19r ri--r{;t ,3U;
\l\ JLj.A
's ,$tteX g9; ll l r,
.d*; (Lrrr)) .lrta- e^ t .l.l,i. +-l rr+U. J-l5r bly: tst4 .E Lr;8 tS _2r-,..:-L ,l+ ;l ,611,*2 e:-V r d,r;!s;6,j,rt.:;ltl;rr ,s--) 6+ + .rlrE ,p".*: ,;Lj ,gj,;l.t:l 61,,- eL))t*.;L-; L,l; ;r L ,J+ b\r- S ,J ;**.:<+
"r-rbrr-r "-r l;,r. r! O*l ,91y. .tSo ;l .i;
J)
,!l-, ;L '-: ;1. t- ,$- ,t-l + t i-.ts\ ,,+, t .ri.j ,9 j,;lsl
'r-j.r $ +.,ej';t',l 61,aj; f--'.stlir-, ! l_2.11-;.-; ul,> E:,-l;,-- t.
oJSt- nt .y_hi:.r 6l i-" ^S f.#,r ,S u" +-_l;- ..-J
.i5 )tJ ..r::..; 6*+ ;,,,_ I ,-;l_*.r. .:; lrK_
,c*l .''; olJL ri ,-?-6)t) )l 1!-_ t .t_;t i.=- d .+["jl L: t S € .'l lJ !L*i ,! cL_ ..,+, b\,- )\\-.7't ,s.S 6,,_
I ..r,.1; l,r. J)+ *: t:or t- 6,_ I ,.,_-.2 b
'UL- ^-2 d 1 u-Ll +_l ,.: .rl*+ .f ,l t4.i Ll ..:*l
,-,l;;l .rL; 6j,;t";l ,tr s ,:-F-. eltc;..-*; :Li:.;li.f [1i,_l .c*l .Fl
'+ J\?.-t.-il 1 ng--r 3;21;':lL ;r,_l ,l eL,..r i 4sl iJ g-,.-.,r1; L_ si-1: ;l ;--,,aL- ;"rL ,,j L{+ .+--i lra SJ\,r1l.r; :1,3 ;iL. 'Lz,-
)t-€ J or:i!,
t)-* .t-r. rl5 { .rL, ,5rK,;lsl .sV lr. ,f4 Jlt c.-+ .st u,2l:i.gLn-u3, i..o .r, L,
"gt"a,LU S fS nlbl
o-i- t (tJ. t; ;l- Jl.$n ):* ir, s^...? JL jl .-.:^e-
(t- 6. 1-* f-S ,;lsl fb:; l. D,rJ .g t-o,r;.2..1 1,,-l ,rl. ,l.rrr.r, .l'5 ai;l -r'r u^S , uls2t ir- ,k+ g;i.!.:i i-! at
uf tL::.eJ6lll \r'
'Wt &ti 1r g,-l ..UL; l( r;l .-u[-l-,.:*l ;,5'" Jr ''ut:
eb -r^t J;,1 ,ut SrtI .1L3, .r jl .p, 4 ,b e t,.--U. .rrj td' sl., .''--l ,;J Lt- It cr- Lt o:.n&21 ;2 j,.r,- .:!- -r. L ,r.J.t rt-rt D tsiG\*;L, ;.r"'
-! &ri ..-,-r. ,,-l .2r ,,r*,-t ji )lF \ 3 ,y.r'-Lu- ..tt'b l2 rj,- ;ta; 4l;o. '*t ,t-l r, ..---l o21r ?\ ,51-1|:
.:1..r-',- 5 11: o,urk- Jl C i;,;-" r+lrrr a5 "glelll
P qgLr o21.r )l .fV :l-r.,- L r.:..^a P's2-s 6\no.21: )l ,s.V.l;-(-:5-. JrL ,...,. 1E 1r s,-l ef eJ a ,t*c .t*
) Jti t].;.,+.:et"4- S.:*l c'+"! g;\JU;l ..ri- ;,-l
F-r<- q pr*- ;--l r, ef .,-.lb )t .t Ji -.,, ,;.eL; .:;ln-[.r.r
! !.ci l-, ;,.1.c*; l.: ;a ;l 6l; 6 ;--.: .9;.a g'-l rlrLg;Lo,r;.1;6,-l
^S c.K 6l;4.15 .;'.3 1l;o e!- ;'uLi
[ -r...; l; Si "+ ] oli€ Ll ,ll41ll,- ,,s 2i 23L u. J:\'..-9 L-u.oU; ) ,r-V; .sL.33;.rl i--.o y 1iL ,Lirj, Jrl^.
c--l r .:!o. ,Pe ,;l*\ )' +)r ,5 2\L Jr- l'sL
.;-Lr-ue, ,l t+t ;tr-- Cl;rr t4 , .t;"t &t'-"'
.;L:;.,e Jrl-. ..!.r .rlJtrt ;r.- + Wi J-+; q 66t5 t+-
(i ,t-l ;t ^s' 2^a. ':L- k-- g-,,1' 1Xt r rS U;i b '.'; /"
.r2b 5'3JL:. .i5 .,1r[- rs-t J lt rLi .rLL S f--&. r^..r JllH o\ r- r:;l-) .:--; JrL 4;b-ue.,1 3tt ot a' ;'-l 4.,,-l Ll ,r-.e, -ur l; --.-r. -J e-b l-i.i l,-r" iE-lra d c*,slt ,t-L.- X;- n ,.r+ o!r,;' ."1!l 4t rS +5t r"lr't It
6V2 6j,;l-sl .-u: ul; t4- ;L rl; r1 ,;L-.1 a j,;lst
\ w ,Juj .A
tl : t ,tSu. ,--;i- ^Lt-r'.91-oo-r,_-r, .=15 ,., 6l"rL L*;
.er .- it_l sl ,st t.s ,1 ,ul; 6 j.;lxl ,\<r-, Jl .r-S :+,;.)t)s/ tE;l ,r!.'L d/-l,ri! rl-r*l Jrl^ 61-uxe.2 312.
.:[-J I ;ri i--sr^a- *. ;L. Cr ,A O\,- ,a-rUi- _,,
j'-l f-j ,.st n.o:.' vU.r- ' ..*t JrL .g l.r.r;3, ) ;z;
\ d-:)t * t) I A r::.-.r ;,. e-r, .glorl.r,ez ,i ,*r-=.*) J+ J.,L.r. :e i :
"iz| il::...1lor-r- ,r Jt u\,-
JK.- rL.. ,,;. :-1, t Lyr" ,5ll'lx-22 _sl ,- .,-*l ,s. c*1.1
,;-l ..ulL JrL- .,, ';; q lf ,.:i t_ -.*J 1r .9J.22 c_*l
aL; ;lrl, 5r 3 .r-F rL.a it-r"_.* \ l-Lii.;, +o3-^-{)ilr ,!,lJ,lr .Ll dh-j rL* ,r} c t _), l) ,* ,ltKri. , ri r-; 9L;l .,L; ,9 j,;lsl ,912 t:it t; Jl ,, .sl;
.t\ 3u ace-a- 4-l 1
-,Li!l lr +-c r^4- 6--l ,_tL^.l';r-, rl .iL l.r5 .--* r*-.,.,-rl.r; ;L-r .rjr rl. -..i a; j,;lsl r,
"9ld)tcje:r btz ,d rr.
p*L \ rst ,-t ^S ,:--5 rs. eri vi;;t ';*V t t; u1t2
Ll .+F ul- -* ,.---. ,s;=- 4l;r_1..:*l .r1:L; cslSe 1*- r, ,1 -r,Jrlr. .-ul ,-U.:; I t :t \ 6 4; fit ,gl^,,e,t, t- .,--+ 4rn d- \ u.-ls t -til L .-+ f_r g,_1...r.; l,r,rl.r-
* Lo.r;ej 6,_ I 3 fS rf -Lf r; -,l,uL; t ,st F tSV+V;i
.-!'ls,rf- sy -t-] t ,oU+Lj .r't!{LU ,!, g+ lr;K,_ iLleJta:; $--'L"- .Sf .,..; a, l; .--J .5[.r;1.1 ,',r.rli a-;; -2,
a" t;,r, ;i rlF- ! 6 ; I . :-"1 iL )r.ij i .i ul .c=J
o2 6l; ,9 j,rlt;l ,9114 4;-tit:,-Ll:; I ;r U r"-., .rS ;tSU
uy' ;:\:: dJ!.ilrl \rY
)t; r1 r-! .ttJ,.rt:3i g;rb JL t .;+, t;t )l .te. J:;l: $ eS cr i4-) 6 )-ae , eJ &J 'r5 .r.-;L r;.l.b
u-t n_&. Vu. I uf--p .-uS .,--rli cJ ;1417 il ilr+.t d-jJ g;.1, .15!-, )) .(----.J e*r ..7.: .l* I c;lts. t)).rir :r:^LrL ,!* .,,-b,r-r" ,t, 2 \a3;2i OLt ,W) ,-r"r-s
.-&-" Gt-;rlr..-.Ft 2 x.2l: c*r- ':I c*l ''-; y'L
g,r+ p:.-4'G|,.5f ';lst.sl+ .-,Hl .911 -r-! L.'i.l
Jt .S "r*u. ouLl-.rzb J*. ;ot; J.L t KJq ,er-:
.,;! ,jIJ+ ;l; .tK:-: ,n*5 ..rU"it ).h:- o,,-l 6lr; \ &21
o|1, u-1.j24 oli .?U.rl jl (Jru olilt L- ii.,[- )L-.9Ui ;-r.; e:f ,)t.r-+,r rL-q ,'H t\t vE:l !l, fj..; I ;lr" 4 ul;6j,;l.t:l .sLt ill n, ;l.r;E2l .:-*lr5 "r";L i:;l'5 .},;t-l J- c-*l ..9U1 K;l J-:.rSu.;'-t'a-a)-- pr. .S *u' n 'V,r;l; ;l g:" + !l:?- i ge )y * l--S
Ll ..r;rr5,r, uly ,,5 s iS s r ,i-u! l+ U 1..7 ,-.e* !rt{-tL,sll. ,r--r*V .r Lr, .,l-l.r- l; ;U rro.1" 6l .9r1" ;5r.-lr
.'; .+ uu; ,5j,;lt:l.i*l oilt i;:5 .rL i-.r.c. eL-n<,*liD )l ptL;. 4lf11...5. rtA,d -:ls &eI sV;cf. -, l, ,Lj u j,;ll;l u+t.gl.rL ;lrr ! ;lr,.r t lu5,r. )V) pL:.;!.4 ;Ul5.-!5 ri;,_l c;ti n 1., aLy uc:;*l ;,(- ,;;l; )S blL;:.t) u4 fx-.: cr:,lr,rl Ll .c;[i-; ..:L;l.:..; l1 g+ l-ri
..rjr;o:L .lJ.r, .rLir.- I E O\r-.Jt-i. jl S ,-rlt
1.p
J}
s 1tl'r- ,4,r ,, 6,$--' u-Ll pe ,J) + +-! arilf"" ,-P;r .r5 .r,lb -hY". .r.S u;t).s si o-:;S ;l;4>tS.tt-") n- a) ,:\_ Ll 6 L- : c .l ,r-.J J_b "-,1,_,,+ J-b ,tS€ &_* l.t.rL Jrl )i-r .'r;..j/ .9 j,;l;lUi .s\-t3: a5;*l ,.1r 6_' "l; ,U_ J-* ! ;t, J"; ,Ui-* l, ts tL e. ft' )Jr-) 4 J.L, ).6 4 ,t ",lrr l-r
J+ d J-a:- e + i;1, t; ,:1, ,l,r:.1.7, | | t, Jl ,t56.;L.r-l.e ,._r* .1p: .i-l 6:t- J* t'Lr.+ L or.i .:*r r,
,-B;l -u; L r..r.-- .J cL_ .gl;b 6 .r loJ! ,xS u. ,t,_rn l-,
l; .-){c er ;- .i-Lr , r_tlS n --)Lr er li e :: t : dg'r'-r,'s^ )lS *. JtL sl2 il7 +
|t -- Zr--- + ,tls- cl )r4) A4 6.-l _.,1 ':[-r^* I I5 l, c ur. 4 J* ,5;n I uS .2.--a., .,J 6,j,;lsl+ , a J+ + AB :i:, .r_5 ,;lL;t ,t:*l ;r.--1 4 4 V-t
oS aL) :.sJo_;|.rjl tff
.;*l 1i,;lil 'UL" .'.e,;t i 4 L2 r,, u,*.1* l- u;-.2t
Jl Ll .,r1, "it;
c') \ 3 "*,s dly + a;- o;V;;l 22l;-l &2i JLi ,-[p ;l o-\tx2, ,;1.; ;L; .5,J el.sl ..91u
'- r+lr .1,-t-,F-jrt .rL 6;l; I ,-5t, s: jJlrl t, JV) )l I d) Jtl :J-;r .r;-.2L .t5-r1, ;l,,
"l; 6 j,;l.t;l .9L- .-L;;l -.1, .rJ.: ;1-r, .,.1i .5 to..r,-.r, -.11
t LP &'-* + 6 utt k * \;tr,6 # d-l.5 L
g;\ ,9,;;::1, j ! r 6tii,.gt*rr.L u-lr! .tS,5t etf,+V t* + Ln;l ..,15J- )t.i L; ll.re ;V; 6j';ll;l6r -rl-, otik-L 15.:*l;.rL d r+.+i +lrl .r$r;5r> JrL., U-ri S .tb.r;:.r t P-,=\;L-r4 ! i-L,c*l l! "i ,.'9 + .-,Ll 15; t l ..u6; Li s.r-.:r;
6- oi d;l-J J,L t ttl9.-. .+.t.r=l-2 r, ti; .,,-L;l.r-; l-r
-t
\rv JJ.b.c
,,.:*l Lj*Ll JtL ,9 j,;lxl .9lr, a5 "pl-13;*r ;,1
,512 ;-] g;,le..ro:,r, J) tl:,,- clt <p -'l-r'l Lr.-
Lt-r,. n + lt "r J -b J- lr d liG, 'r; r &) ,9 j ,J tl ,S-_l
c.+i s-?brr ,sl,t-:; + t, -l
'U:* 1 .-J * ;r .grL-
.,--i, ;*g + ) .h ;-^:a r,k+ I .Kji ,,; 2; t ) 2l:1.:5 u.\..1 .r-.*-."; \. 1 lrl :r_ry,r, d+ f*^.4,- ,9 r\;;.o1 .;-i--L LL : .r._J)I .i:,, ! p4rG e--i .r_ I \ (...: .r+l; d aS ,9;)+,'l;q d Jrt 0,6 p:jL-: ;3 .sj,;ltla -r- l.e .'l-ril y dn...dz j dt ;e\n- ,gQ.-i2' ; ,L n + ul;g
,.5 t;.j : 6J ';ljl \rt
C cr-+t..,1;l-r, a. l, .L. .r-l .;*l "-u: .,L;l -r-11 il;c" ,&i j-^,- .d.,:ir. e;l.x]l d"- J A^S 4'o' :l) at ii!e'^-2s
B r aS \).s 1,,!.i c ^J.r.9,
(+:(.L< \-1 J<! 1)1,- ':"1:-'
.2 ,>lr ;li az.*ie' -.,, l-., ,J=. .t(i ,-t-.,, Cr ';*l .;J'irK +-l : C,r. ,"-.,,- C o.>J. Gt) o-:,.;* pLr u l.; Cz iLjd
.rqrl al tJ .eS .f:-J rnJ.rWl t U a..rr,r, +"1-'l l1
; LL; .-r^:: [ JLt ,;ot ,sVl t ,aro ,el1 ;..-ri" g"--or
,i3 ul;u. jr5l .(Y-1 Jf- t 'J fr:;) rl.,-,l,J
nxL(d)=L(a)=1
L(dt = !'n
Jltol't
-:
d, dz dr
.r-1 J<.:
"-;l;.r "-t-; ,5;lS ;-).o a .9.1; d .,,-la&li g,l I
; "S l1 c onJ, J+ ,S ,r': r -5. ilrliJ:'., It u-V4J-L- \. r-r.c J*l ,f- f.6. olril ,.21;: "-r,i j, JL-
e f^rJ \-!r.)l t .-u;! \'/\ ,stL J+ o'-l &\ "t*';lri. .ai-* t+' e^- rl-rcl ', ,K,, .j* u" 6;j tln,l t-tls
.-!-.,1i ,5L15 ,* -P tltrt 't'; ,gj';lrjl
',-rl;!
,n-J u. f -ti-: .e-N </ Cto ...C2 ,Ct .;,r o, l; iK^.,
A_B
dr dz ot
co ct cz ct
L(a') = L(at) = L(4) -- = L(a,o) = 1.
L(c,\ = 1,a6") =1,... t(clo) =1.
, Y ., ./-+ a'+ ; :-- t j!L(c'o qr1 -- 2, L(cp c,o cr) = 3.
L(c) = Lkro c2o. . ..cro) - 10.
:LJ:
\\'1 J/.1
,,e j ';lsll; -r,- le ;l tS t'
;*^
t 3 rs.ti-t L l; ;i ;l;; itSt t 33;!J e ,z ?,aJ elll ,.:*l ,,'-=Ly It Jt e-l J) a't tl .rg eLJ
.._i.r, e*., ,. u$3 ,s r*-* t) + ,9*S 6 n-l--6,1l* 1.1t .; uI_ J- r::* ,s$,;lsl L ;, --; o.-r
tr;u, a.-\-- u, 33 tt I.2et 5:; U-l 4 J-b ,-lr; .p .r-;1. .L- ,f-.-L a-;,^r 33 "l;-l iS L;l ,l.rE .,. l, 33 :l;ct,.:1,_1"i 2r 1l; .:K-t L_i .,=;- . S j,)t:;l7_j";K.l )-lJ o,_1 :rS rl5 [_J ,t-r,t ! t; , t;tK ,VS
! 6 .,a -,r 13,^, ;.'[r ,f,_, L ..,,Ur L:*l 6 J.:; Ll ,c*l.rri.ii- rl-rc.l ir; L ;YrL Ct-l Jf ,fS )S "l*;l;_r;!:l*.rs CS ;jlrl { d .rl!r ;e5t- kjl{} ..r;;l.r 1[5 e
\ r-_l-S ,dlrs cL,.:- rr Ll ..r|..:f; [-,i5;,1 .ety
w*, F_Flr[ )r .;*l .-u-;Gi ,- <.e!3; *.f | '*.r ^;tJ ";l:^i.$tnl_,! ,J"t- rl-rl 4 ,t o.;L;.^,F"Fl .sl"r! 7_rlii. i..r ,eJ rFt ,i.- le l; $ l-r,, ,L g,_ I
)\S tJ- lu*J.eq+J ! y.Sr* lFl; "!K. .r-=* r$3..t; al^+L1u^ tS + l1 la:3 g,l at ,Jj;? ;l Ll .-,rll,F_r*
"s k+S i^-o rrl-,;l(-l .tL\s, oa>;L l.if-;i 15 c-l
6,_ I L ,c*l Ot-J .':I_ _,::" dll .r!! a-J ;L; I ["i oj^+ _,1
.:J! ,!* ;*l ;tJ -;'o1r^,.ttJ AS:;b JL;l :-,; tirfu Jr,l' 4? (t :-t-t :,Jil-i- ;,1
-, -J,r r,_.,UL i.,o I ,-u:,! ,_*. r. .r1" l.r- -J
r\x(r.r-rAr -trLi.J J) jeJrl- + nJ;,,..1 .-u; rl{.',r. .re-, j!';-J ul; .-,r; ,_;1! I .xr12Jn td ,L; _.7
[L Jj l-r,- + _1
",s tt\;:6Jo;lil \rA
,9-3,;ltl o'; r-rj*' I rf .::* I ax- u* ;,,- | -:!:
J* Jl ,f-r )\S * | ,e;9-5! : jzf s6; Clr,f;sr7. ji',t);1.-''- ,: \J 6 rt.grl.rl a, CltrrLnj2 .t: \:.*. ,tltrr l-, 6-* 4J 4- 2-qalil 2.r[L:ltcl 6 ,(ua;-:-;jLi ,iI ;:i- ,l-rol j.".o t_) ;:i- .rl-rcl i.-r
;l F- + 33 tlsl g,_l .rJe .c :L ur;rl ,tL y l_, 33i-97-rf;i L;; ,^;- 6.13,;1,:;l .ttLt r. rs-$,Jt I .sr+ J- lr,l.t 4lg ;+: Ll .r.2-,r, ;! t"J )l-n l L at -r'u.r, dl-21 1.2
33 :tst ! .g_;ri,r,.t-'^, jL-l-- t"6i.,1J+ e,-J-,,;,,1i/; t)).s^ )lS + sh 1*. r, rl.rcl g,_ I l+',_l .g_tlt _tS t r ,r)
.r*t*- ,sf ,)rl I'xe rr
"rtt 1., t-t_*\+ \b; d 0;t) t t;9; al 'S;.-l 6,1_.,,
! c*l .syL- r_elt l"lU J; cL_;e leta- *-J u, 6 ,rS r,.r,oL-; Lla 2r; I .r L,-;ar .y-l ..*t glb 2t;\12j----- * e---,l ,r(_ + ,tr-Jcs. tt-.tS + ,F_;.l .gl{L- .r-L 1_5, 1, ,r,r.e Ll
\ sn2,. t:X uJ,- ;l r( "rS ,."j .rFcr, .1,_{ otrp Colie.r^ ;t-t.b J* n-5.r. -r*t4 )-:; .'-:216 .1t ->12 )eL.-*1 .9.:-ic ,':.'.Li_, l[!; l.-91L- (+J.lK l-1
"15*; r)
I
.r-1 J6-j
(+
\f\ JJ.t.1
t A ;l -.- ;,pU; J) ,ct_l .'ja .c*l Y G , A :L; , J-eL-rr" 2, jjr .rlr jl:; e r-,.' ! +! 1., Jrt 2 .;*l c44) ,tl * ;ltVl +J or--..J ,r_e.rj Ly ct-l ;l .r-,L .i(-,;,-_ | $l-r- irl_r.;l ;rLrr ;L l.r(-rp tl uz- un.c*l "_r_-:
...r; l.r, .r,lt .-r.- 7_rlii-
Lt t{:3 J,L t ,.tV) s Lai i;!;r ,r*;l.r .r:ll ,"-u_i;r;r .JlrJ l+i i""".i rr-* ;*l oS- ,e^it .rrJ 6*dl ,l,l1r tS s r g--o,t l-rcl L lg- ot_rf C* lr" ;_:_yo ;l;4,^;r.-.l ;r(- )l- alri , f;l;;fu r- qgrl.rc I
J-J 4 ,,f t,- ,r-"V -ul ! .r. r. Jil -r-le iorrLl", ,JJL(a;-3-) i;;1 I, la:i ul;nj^l ;r ,5 ,K, e { aL-.;iil J.-..r rr ,r--:r c*l O<* JLlr<,# .; :l.l
";.ii- .1!-pl
+ ,,:.:Jf r:;L l, ;l " ":l;.e -u5 orl;- | a:*r-,, ,_rli- -, L.-a_l US 6l;u" J_rSl qI .-u5 6, e.:,-; Jr- lr._, .r.jrL J.<;eL-ra ;L-;,;- ) o;-. ^;-J crq*l=L jl;,1 [ aj ;*.1rjli(f, lr" t" ; t-r--"L; .r,s;<r re_p alt t j,tlrl-rcl L !_ ,J,-1l1 !,5 rl-rcl L -r,_L l).:^J.:L_ a5 -ur.ra=;*l--
'.91t 8 ; .l ,15 Jrp r t L)i hll r,ij-- o,_lrl .35
;5 * ,;-J.9r-r ,.LL +Li qi 41.s ;*ly i)'i ,:"J ,t-t,.aJ.-r, ts)Jt (J.LL L_ ._,
,l 6 +i.:- d/l { jria ,)} 6},;l:.:t ,J.5- gr- ,"o.u-; o.2L;l r/ .rtc-l -rt .grJel..r: | * ilr
^. n--+ L, a.
,r-- t ;"tl .1.- .+ .5 ;*l ii5 or.ry t-oV .9\ .,_*lLl .e : .F, .,,!.* ,9f ,;l'll sL.lr,. ;r.- ,)tr -)g , er.,. eL:,- ,;3.;r 6 JIS-I ! .+, 6r , \9 j^;e ;; ,.llr; Jl
6 t\;: ,ej';tt:t \t'
lSzf stt^ ,jtt* ;) t 6 .t_14ie ;l t3- u. ,lS-;1-' 6- jJ.oU ; .j2 t*L c1,_ rL; 4t L}e cSr- :,;;La
.-,o).,- C) ;U.,- | e! u4?f-c J<.- ), S J\Ji rl c*l dr<-. ;; ,:J ,eV;gt; ,.J5* o,_l )' J.d-.L;b; ..'y
"fS-:. ;*l ,* r,:-t
r eB ): il.,_L--6c.r81.l..) n"r; lr_L.-.or -Ul.4j llr5 6.r:.nr,r,
C t B r* S ,:-f e p-t U*" L..r:r-.1r.( t'- .r a-l '.r.2b :-5,-..1 &i +U.t
T
.r_1 Js_.!
,!5 iL;-l t Lbt L_j; crl el_,r Jt ,rJ L,ua ,r Ll
6A .)lr '-2-2 uh-15 ^L;: ,;f.-V-a C t B .* 1._-& g_r*.-uL r-lr p;, C 2 B Lli ,,;-, :.;l;,r; 5-t',r_+, L,J/ K; LV 2t ,1 .521.; .,,) Jl,,.r : Jl lr,A, ,L It5: iuS uJ- -,:*. $l_\- ;)* + +\,.s Jrt l'*!.:;l::e._3\ tl * 't}i/i e'g il-.G S '; 4 Jlr.r, .t; .i-y; Li;6rl- AEFG JrL : Y 6)- ABCD? _* J) ,i<j t,c t
iLG;N -_q .5-'l+L:.:i -;* * ,.,-: j ,t-l r, .r2 -ut3i Y
t hodon 2. Chronon
\fr J/.1
es.r o.*l;L- .-u u-llJ Vl ,Srr;5 '-* t f.)S O n(+J .K o -1 JK* ,")
a, ; ,c*l u 1t .rL, ;-r5c,.+ "S l2 u ,9r, B J A LW
): ; ;*l a'.!.; ";L ;-uSO.=; I t B') A'LIL .;; o*! "lJ* ^J -u:;:a; e GVt a's
" tr:- .-,! 2, g-Ju: .n-5.eL; A', _! I ,-^;q S.,L; a', A,d.er erl: _rlS e _t\:S
a', a .gl,ro;L & e ct:* cSlt JL"t tt; cL_ 9-l .c*l.-j- 2r ;'l '-J.r lw' ;u;i ;,r j4 j 3 F+.J. .d.*l
Jl s tlf n+:- 'l-rE
' ".L:. g! ,, .;ri i*:" * Li-r li j L.6 )L:-r <",-; ,rS )l-* r, ;U;i "ri_i ,, ;L,+ s..rLj I t\ j ,M ,s s-s L..)t, ,r! oS t{ .cS 031-" ,.1 .,j1
.15;l .c*l -.4 e ,M'e :, Glf !; .rt ! ,ni,r J*.J:--.6 d-;r-., -S-,_S-_ *.>.i M', M p* r 7:__S cs
g1n -*;; Flr--r.rl e5 i:*t ".e., ,.1 j,l o,+-:;
F t\; ' 6J.-ll.i;t ttr
.- r+ l- )it,t gl:2 .rL; .ole ;;;L ;lr*l .6ra$ ili- ai .r,--'1 b rl[; rsi1, Lj- iL- -* E;_ | r, ..r31 gllu .91-o.,7.2, ! utt\ ,,St;st
.J*l ,(*;- c---?, JL- t J* ult J;L F rl 1r.,2lr r.9-..2
6-U) ,flt'\.r-1rE e; to.r;2 I CL ,fp -r.l l5 ;};L"d+ S rr-! .^:,1.' .r.--.r fnlr.r; L.i- I ,a1-:-r1 .geL-l-'
"- J-b,r-le a5 t-*l O-;2;.r.,1 .-L; Lt ,--L; a-1"^.o
J<;; r..* ;Li ,, d ..r,j. q ,,(=;*'i ^t=. .st, t r-Jr rr6 r+l-.r s"-- JU;i .l.. rK ,r-l ,,slt .r:g ! ,u(,r. l.i1
i-* .r)"-l I r,;;L-v 6l; -ql-..r5;.+ ,-l.rlll ., ,,$'^JL s' ? a-+ i-l-U ai c*l ;*;* 6jt d{. dI- ,#
.s! -U ;U; J) .t, ,sI ,.stt..r..i drli<:.)tt-L 7*.a; (61,,:.: ^ <iL;Ur ;l ;.rUtp- ):-'L- J
-''
,slr,. 6,lt).-e t J* p-+. V ,- j rl5 { l, J} p<;'9:t "Li J.r ar: 4lrli .liL;U.-^;li;-*r 2: sl 6' j,;l;l,C ,"*- tly l.t U- ar,-
l Jl e !r;b .r, U.. .+ 4. 4,r[ oL" ,"1.r;r -1L 3 r.-rt \.:j*u. i-v "J-5. &,;u;6,j';l-.l gl7 gK:-, u're\ ,e12 +, jl $i a5 n_l..>Lll
-,11 ';L9r 1*.r, rrt- ,a-;lr ,sg g:V ':.Jr) ,f:i.s ,9, )),
r.jL_ s,_l-rr &! ,r, ,rl
:c, .l .;Lr ,9 j,;l.;;l.;, J-J-- _,rl ;l;-l i* JL! ..r:;;r .1:i:i I "9* .;L ./AA- 6V * ,r; ,r*- cr.- ,lj Ir.--.: ! .-.rU, -,,r l; f-+ .iL- rr."- G-,-D oltrr.,rl-Ju; 1l.r
c)r* ,slt .--& F y l2 M', M (* ,' ,f -;_a; f--',L5 l-,^J 1r,,_| .r_;l>.:"*- dl! fl6 * 3 fse,-eS 1S
\fd J/.1
.Jji*
JJ, e" <5 9--i,-.,.-.,.e[,- i-,!-,r.-^+ 1., a5 -r,_;1.,]L; r,
t ;lt ,grJ,tlxl ;,; L s:+ a. ts:z, l-: t -r,l;; jLrl-rL .91-o.r;_e, 3)J ;rj.j_ ,.Ze 6 \s;r\,ggtol1, ,l .r(.r+J o:ty o( 1.,-rJ .,lijjl Gts-t ct-. 1-bl^J n,l 1 L l5',';1' ,ss s;* ,r-_J u_l ! rhrl -s.r-ro'L;1, l l;Lrl5.5l2cl ;l 6 ,, I, J) ,s j,-,lr;l 15 1l-u r3-. e ,,3;n \-L:-
plt 't j.,i
"J o\;-t,ej,;lt;l \ff
.i' ;r,-l p:&. Jl i-l.iL.r,;"1'r';-^,r M J-+ s d ,rlJt .n-t,,;.r-L ! .;,- .J.:.:...! c;. -K-S-- * ...*, r-+.rt. Jr! .5 r:-1.r .r.*-L .-l|;u;l 6j,;ll.l iLi);;. * l-2 M
s 'Stlt t A. Xr- L M'Jt .:;u,s.,-<l; M't r;;.rr*L
1.Xr,;l L;l L ..lL,r, .--tt M tst-t,.51{L- .r! .r3*; ,=,L:l
,.-^.--- ;i-' r--+ ! --[,. -,, p--* 4,-r* G.'- ,G-- ,s:-c'r
8 'j ,91r.-- .-uL; ,-,tr+ .jJ;i- lL.-- I ,r4 r lGJa
r c-"i ,l .r{ L f- ;l ^S u--..+ t) ,, )) tl 6,-l.ll"r;L
I d^:- !xi-l .tSu' s.t--; c*l .i +;L ,4;-)l .rl ,s 5-';l 3r, it,"-o- dL- .rk+ -,, 6 t.J..b Ll..r::-; ;;* J1S'",l-,,-e' ., L.'Lo,- ,ti-S--S- Jrl-. .,. eL,-;., a5 g-rJ l+-.r,-l.ole;
'rtt-+- 8 p?..€ +)+' :r.d rr ,-,rt ,s,1-t a*.qr*Lr; -S-S- I + .r( .r;;lr r3,-. i 1t"+l rl .rr..! -,!..r.35- + + - ,J+ r ."- ..r^l - S* t+ p tD ..*i-J;; -,; Jl,o- ,.r ) ,!* "Vl .+;.f.-o r .Jujua( .r:--..n c _.-..-Li dr,- I .91;[ -r..L rlj,, 1l .911, . : ..ru*l l; ,,, -e '.r;l) \4i Jl dl .-E;* F_r<, I ;=r Ui;l ,r.: rrL ,.1..-l
o(- ,--.r. -* tr J-"J! .rk+ c"L^. rl dl ,Ji ;,,1 ;-;* J-" ,,-: t e.S I i- ;.rlr ! l, Ul t- eJ f
\fv Jp.1
,^l+ ""-
t J} ,,* t u,,.rLU; *t)lf t.)) olrr4; ;l -Lir-
'e*J.rr'u cg.r"r* Ei t l---p ) 9-:+r d,i li 1-_t.t*-,-_ttor, .c;b -u13,; r_1-. j Cr::l:r.rl _1, jL- rl-a,- .Oi i*arJ, t l
.c*t 2j,"19_l U ;-_f e5 d.a6 oti.,. #) o,t* .; .l ot:5.6,,.a: ::lr. ur-S G* 7t, Fl_,:.*,l+- .l. rt o,r; .-j.i; c-yr r) d,: iLU rf -L; 6,,1 .u .9Lj: L;; 4- .de J:.r_fl .*,r,li (\.. u_ t il1 ro
!r, -A ,, 2 e*l lo ,,StG J_b 6!L fo <.9.rtcl C,.tlr 4t,n J -rS L .i){c 1r c,r L ,rL, Jrt .I fb *. ,g J-_: ;.21r_
r -- torl + p(T-To)r. ''tst" +- L-
(uu11l;+ Ll ,:l ,--_rbn lU +) ,.:* I .r.i L; r-r., g 6r J_rj ,d,:r 1 l.r .rX, [. ...,L*"-; ,.:*l + u;= Zu,S u.;;. 6lS tU;-,.rL+.lJi. )r.4- J4 ,l ,f-., \\* 6lt .,+tt#l4,* .de i-*.-ur ;lr*; d=. Jrt r, c*l 6,i^.\ - or-l5 e*ai ,.=elro ArJ ,r l, -,.+?" ,,p1.2;-: a-l
uy' ;:u) : ,sj ';lrl l1?
, .fi-e_ + d:'; j::",[ lt-+l e5 d J"; crQ+ rr ,':*l
,r-ti f+ .iI- Ll ..r:.1! ci* i--r<'- * .-* c,:- ;L"+l
,r. rl"a; e.r 6,-l .,r-r ,-ulu d..;.* tP f-+ u-l. + t-;.:':S , r{ u,3 t;; ;i .2" J\ .6,5- c*l
"r tt+ ;r-l'-*: 'r. "l.
.r-! ,r-Ll \ t tu c1l :,-r. Jr. 1t-;t )l oV.3 d1.2 :1- uoY c--L t{r-l -11 cL-rr lrb gzi s -*-t -r, lt ,-F-
6L,,t5 .r*r! tK- -irt-- + 4 j J'-: '''l)' rfl 'rb'',1'
.L;.- g;rb gt"+ |
,3j,;lsl dlt ,r<r-Y d*' ,.st" t .s-l' jJ*' ./Hl,.r;i ,L; 6,j,;lsl 6lt. ,A uL.t eV + &tI : 'J)aL, .r-l .'*.r. Jtlj .,E;;l o,-l g;:|.:;lrj i;- el L*L'
+5'1, ,rt '',L:i i.2!;: :2- 6113:1 .2: l1,9i 'r.
15.:*l .91+
+5L- ,:i , .rL; 1 L:; i.2L;r ',!
[5 2: i'i- 6L-i-11 r 1'l'rl:.21i
#, d.il; I "9.2L;l fre- dr-l + .rHl g,,-l .c*l '#
'-r+r A;li t- J.-f .tt".,!;il ,l -21;;-l ,gla ulL-,t=t d--'.,.r,.T ,:*, t ! ,lr .rl .9t9 e5 ,r! I ::.21'r;
,,;.1t1 ,rSu..iL.aji b p,ri .:Ul,.e; Ok+ ,4- A e*j s ,*l ol4Jr .,.-.,Lil e5 c--; U.. u-l or uJl d/-l 'Ct*l ';r3;'-l l- ,it<+ ;3a ..:*l ,s -3-" ,sr { .tt'dlr.sr'i, i!" tS r5t tt-;. l-l L r5 r-lb ,,rt r* ,sr 66'J!)
3. Der Raum, Ein Eeitnge Zut wissenschafts/ehto, (Jena: university of Jena'
1921); (Bsrlin: Verlag von Reuther and Reichard, 1922)'
\ ' ut-o;
AA:.i, crL3-;J
"rS tt|..: -t
J-b ,,r-.6 J) or u'-ta-^S 6j,;l-r;l ol;.ur e5 .,:;3.gQ:J ;l;,r" rrnJllr .9ta3 d,,l ,J-L lJ, ,-ul .rl, ,,_.- I .rL)..r,_r.---r .glsiJ l, ttiJ ,.t_l ;J j*,..c1t tJ l: ,s -&."..,21".r ;l;,r, l, ,:; ', ^ ;3 .J! -,l-ii, .rilj.r. rriiu L_ rr o-u;
aS ,5ld).gl*'^ < _r_.[L )l .;.-_i ,!3 + I :lt-* t] +.r-11i c- ., t ,ti-, -,,15 a1 ..r,-r^, 6,-l -.7.r
lr i;J o,_l a9 u;L blt \r. ,!t )lil ,l' 6;a'1 , Ul
:.r;1,.r, i;.; G;S \1r...1, JG >\:..,je elL;l L*li-r3 aSl)
6o rr.: J) 4),e\g-^s .ej,JL;l r.,-.j.rl.rl ;r*,KL,- jn.rl.r,l t*,i- l, r.-+ dlr .L+ t g- .c*lUl .r*S.t dr::,, r"+.- + p+ F..t ! .,.+r- ;t .1, .,!6e- Jg.r.tL- t LJ:-.-|J Ct- 4 JK- ni .:"-...o ;K.l s,-l
:,!- etr_ rl a5 c*.1 .92eLi eL; i-b,.1*r .r_l .c,;J ,;lt;lr-:.; L c--r-r .(v!- L]---\ ,9lr--;.1'3 , 4r! iiL ,
"J t\: : .eJ4lll \ rA
,) t lt ,t* +, d ,-l,o ;Lr + cN, b*,+:rr,rr fr..';l&-* c,:l-* ,rj; o)L + '4r.*-f 6,1 .s:b C-J,rs+-f
.)*s^
\0\ u{ OIJ: {i:.,. g;q;J .\.
;t;*\ 6f\: Jt dt dJ u_l .tSe;! .-rtr ,tU; L;'i..t,tL r..;: -
"l-t.f .JS rr+L -u.jLlr JJ ar: l .4.j;.t1.$3
;rlr:l ;-*r L .4,- rL-, ;--)S >U-:;;J ,;lL;l u-V zlil.-r.o.r.r, L t a"- L .,';i a,t )- )l ,s^4:*
i.ir" J-J i_r-.* ,Sl l- rlr-.f --+- 1,, r- .-{i-il; 1 .,L; ;L; ,!,;l aL3J- ,.lJ ubj .'t;15,, rr..L^rl
,e."Iji at | ;V;;J.-l; u_l Jl rS .+r;; Av',jlrl a, F-'GU;
dv -. AyAt limit Xt for Ar ..- 0
.- -l ta, J-J s lJ);;-;.a L- .,,l .:L- -r-l.iEdv &ss= di=Zp
it; ,4 JK- a5 -i,_,,K .-t ;,,5- ;tiir9 ;Uet .r,rt(
;'_l L, .*;l .+., 1 -:-J .rl ,,.,r ji:-:- ,ts-r+ .r.-- + _-l;4I ,rLiil t.-.-, o\iaf, t ,.5: itlJ .c*l +:;-L e** i*.i k+J (,11r-1 eL-rrt r") ,Lj e Lbi a- Jl ut ,"J
drl -.f I ! J-$.lr. -L r, ,1, t-i- - '*+
.,I_ 7r ,nl^;-3-
# o"lr.gl!* t oli.f l, JlK- J'.1, dr_l .., + a.,i+,.:*r- e.iJ d, ':- pxL t JK- ,p:;*f, u;;",!,-
'\:"; Jt',.?t' ,Slt .rllr r3o-3 e)'-p ;t 2 U;1-t ';1,' - 64:J
"J ;t\; : dJ,jl-ll \o'
,5 ..u; .9.t az-tt 19 -t_* dL .;*l .-u:; .-f.(; ..rlFl.rlJ*..-llr.rr;L:-i ,;_Lj I e^-,- 3_L 2: l; e-* JK- ;p),j j*,.t-l4. )t- €.-,-- -,-!L J,Iill* L i-,;- -a-L.,--,p Jg-,r-Ll r,-! l);;:;- t +J:l .s kiJ iri,-t--,'t e:.eLs, ,?j,.912 lal.6-_ra aS 6J^-e .-9[-^.* .rl ,1 i_* ;,1 :, :l:
.c*l ..r(i r:-5.,. j!;;l ,9j,;lslai L-* JK- rt ;.:^- -r,_! ,sl* .,-E- o.--+ Jl,l1. -i,_! l-, "r.+ d"+ JK" a5 1lr r_5,-..2 ,rr-lJ U_l .;.:.J .,t +i \-;i;t Ut .,J ;L, e-'- , V;*; L .sl+kq't6+J ).)ra , )J rl5 t h*rl oli,!r, \ -r- p_rx.c. ,e*l
-h ," lt "r-* L .c*f .s-,q.1 b l*,c-rl ".rl:i..1 ,F-" j:;- " -
cL_ e ;.c r- K! ,;t-, iLU 4 .ss t_.s r- o*( !. , l_2 t:.s.._
\Or ;5 t\j t fu.d#;.J .\'
eL- Jl >,b.-r:,(,r. c.-tiS p{a. .r-l l:*; }' r. :L-.,1 cJ, 9-l
;-,; oj)r I't"+l ,r.-r't 2V * ,9j,;l-t;1 ,-9lt lr,pl jL'f=-, ,r- l- a;ls-lel.r,l ,S ,*l ,!4i.1't;';i igrl' J.-l;
sl;o' 615 .-wut l1 Lr .r,-ljai J* 6L oJrl L + ;r'-l "liijrdlJ ! .# .r[t-l '.;ly'l;l; uf- c;;L 61, 1aL s;l;l,r.,Ji L+_L)l g_L l5 .-gldel ,stt 'rV
,4i 6f ';lsl ,L1.
6,lr.rLL J:a n-li./e5.r,-t+i ;l .Crr s*j .;*l ;'6,-l ! ;;lr- L.2t ,gf ,,1l.tl rK.,^ ,,.,-rt* ,c-l I U-a;". ,rllljr,--:t ,s-l t ..r,-1,r, e;r r, ij: 'l+a ,r- ,16 .l.FTt ;l; u' JL .r:r.r ]aV ,Tt G--,rjr L. ",r, 1'-4.i, ;Jrl[ 12..,15 ,,-l .rr1 :,15 { t. on-,J} j'*) pe- 6;L ,.91y l;
.rlr ,.l.;l ;tl; g J* i:-S .L-r* c;l;ir -.2r Tr,sJ 11|12
,,rl ^!. ,5t)7 Lt :tl !l-.t;t rf1 tz 4- J* i,t' p&-rq!p, e" i! .rL=- ;;;L ,9\ "rfl
(c*l 'r; e''e:tzt, j,E, 1'Xo. + !.':,-l ;l .c-l orr-t 1r 'L ;;l-rJl;l;
.p*2s,. Tz ;.11r-
o,-l ,Jrjl)jtt Flr.-, ,,-.21r,- '4.': t J* 's-r -tt
;Q ,6, j,;lsl d,trU;l 6 $,r;P' ;U+i l; i21L e:
r5--l ,l .-fp iy )-*).:*"1 ;,5'- J'-' "ie', )t;s' )':?U
.>5,\l4.aL,slt &, GV-;,)tl t 7r- )lt" 'i\-jJ* S
"-S J:p .,,-! .r-rrr 7*. ai + 1*. ;t-l jl -.,! .r-ra
p*L:: s-l ) &- -* ,s#'rlsl + ,-!'15't;JL utt-t a blt(f11 lrf-- .!.J l,1.1*r g,-l :.+ q y ;;3 Jli€ Jt.cjL- ':*'r.,JJ r aLlf .19r I er;-ti ps& :: )l ;:j ;Vi - )t'€d-,!-r.- df ,LS * .,;u. rE) i;L-f el-r;l - J"-rt'"
oS tlJ .: dJcjlJl \oY
6)r, 8;1.2*,>-:r:.;L ..91.-r..-.., ,.- l1:;-.r rS r.*-* r11= Si+,1-. ir; r-! ki,- .FJ (t ,s ,rtt 4:l ;V Cr
"!U t- ;- ' 5 '!rl .-f,.5 v-:lj-;l l-2 tj';* cB ,2:V
,S -L-r- l;l6j';l;l.le a-Je l .gla-J ! .l+ 1.., .r, 4; lt:-.. [ .-,U11 ,rat(
r) ! +J .fj 4L s,-l dJ,.:, d,;.,.) slt .6,;,-;irt iic*.,1.2.:.-.r L- Mt i-r* 3 ui: .;i" rV s r Mz 2Mt c3I Mz cZ jl -,,-! rq:r.r d,-r ,-rr. lt 6i 6j';lsld6 u.lt Mz c3 .,113i-. L_ i-r + &s .rtS t-.v.2t ^S
x-.1o. ): t -,. | ,-sr! -2" .;;3 ;*- r-l 2 ur;l 14a)O- t ., 'o3r- s:1;I5 r, L Ll :.--l rr-. r. -rlf;;K ;!r+
.c,-..+ tS.s.p &! ,r, 6'-l -11 ,;12 u. tJ l.r"- .-L-j;rtJ;S i-r,; il,L J+ Jtd )l 6-;, e5 -r,-11, ,.tL;' e,
,-..--r- Jr.i ,;i 1' .1--tJ s-)J \ 6j';lt;l n! J),-&-t o.rV a, :r)l) )+r Gjr Ll;l 6la ,gl,tS g,,-;.j..-i ):,.>.21r- it: o^b- J-h ,9 j,;l.sl ;|;3;*:'toe.-.L.;' ,gj,;lxl ..|;ei.r -2r ri ,-r,-.2b )V *. ,Jp ,:) ),-21y'1,,j1,..,2> 6 .*_L no., + r"5. j+ t-,J-+ \ ,utlf)t-.t c.* J* uB , t p4- Jt,ef ..2Li I :-2-.r, ui.-'l
6tt . J)IJ> tz o: J) c3 5:;V-r,:;r \-11 -,,.: r,l7Lr,l c-ii-- Ll :c*l .rt-LL tF t)_y t-lr -b +.,5.*l 'e2e.
'.--- t: ;r'-l
J) pXL l-sl :i:*l g1; *- ;,r-l .-f- ,.9\.ol-, ;l .rf'-S, .2: uttlr Ll ,tl 6lt ,uS g^--' -.-to ,:r:t tss{ lt
-,<l l..l ..rD!r.i L r, ..,jiJ: -;\-4 6j,;l.l 1*,r'-l .j-#rr
\00 sg Jl; ).tt-, lrl{j".f .\.
r-,5.r .-L- L 6 l2 .r,-l+ r;,( k, t".r-+ )F .r--a)s. .-: I
! ^t ,-l.al rl.rl ; r, ,12 6.r-r-c .t l"1.; L ..t:a>ue )st.9r {[J1.2*r L] l(rt;Lr; ,l-:Lr. o-t-J .r ,'l
'dc4* gj';tsl2, ,5l,rl, &-q dr=+ ;,,,-l -r,-! L .rilt s)41 Jlt- L.
,:,;3 ,*;lz ! "l; .5 -r.r,! .r.:" "/
15 & b..r,_.r, 2l .91'rr,-
jii jl i'i! s-9-' e s ,s-&-' ,* ..9l! j." ,:1, J;L.J eL- rl
+ F-, +-l ,r1b r.5,-3 6j,rlsl;15.t ir.-t .l3ii ,;*l ,r,j*.,5L + 1".._+ +.t +5 C) Gl:;-' S )*€ Lt)^l";cr-! ,fi gJll g-..r,-r i5 ,9t;b .-ra) (+j rl-rcl .5*re*,jrJ h+, 6\9-l ;,2t-o , Lra- t:.:*l .51r,--lil ;11;-.'rrl.S .r,4L pP../ e-;-, Lt).it .-L-! et-+ .r-.1 .
"rS ;lr;-:
a) Jl)*)tr S\ 'r L- <..r;*Lr,:lsl ;t- I 6 n*rol5.r-, g,-l )l .rS rP.-L, 1.2 rl.rl .,L:;l
"5-5- S €o
.>.;[i :3,-.1 .97_.LL elll )r. \-l.s, ,rlf ,9j,;l.t;l .e-ja ,;l.t;t I u-V.t:12_2.2: ;;;r 1"2 rlrr;,:-i - Jt btli.o-u;13,;. .r,-L:
.r.,7lr rll.- 4 !;.,, .Jj lJ; d,-ri itt,E Ur- ert ot
.J-t *f cr- <.ri .,,u L.-2r ,1',- ,91r, ;l-2;-t ,\K;I :stfl- i*2 t.;r[i- ,.91.u;r.1 ., rl.l;i ,J-L- I ,l ,,,-tx,lelL;l )t-
,F- -l ,P + ,* e lt-o ,:L-;-u:; L ,l-u-a.4- o+ .r-t-I.uL- e;!:*l .-rl ^ l ,lr" hllr-OJ ,.9 j,;lJjl 6W::)l
\t 6-C.sj.a ! l+l s>j u;-f ,;l.t;l ,e..i 3 | o*
l Weber-Fechner law
"y' t\; : dJ.jtrt \or
*trr h., ,r,llL-.19.t r,l .9.r1 ;r ,5 r';i rl blte Jlr-
,* |-L d-),t; t-; t.or! e5 Jl;* \ g)t>'.5t o]l,rt9-l t_i s:sJ ,;lt;ll, c-=! .9lor.:- Lo ;l-r rr L_i :.-*l'!r,al ,l-o
""r,_-i, ;l ucl;l .r ! ,Ok+ .rt!!+ jl ;t ^S :.21:
i-r rf.r;rj- u*l ;,5-. r;)U )1.4*. tuL ,-j,L .rl.r;l
4L)U jl ..2+ 4Jl) -6lufal;ut ,-f,t, F__r: ;k- ,-sl";"c_| Crni ok+.;r -r.J.r. F Ll (.r:5"r & | l, ,t_l G-coi jq+ i ,Si? e( lr;i:, ;- l+i )l \s,b4 .;-4 J=a
.xl ,9 j,;lsl .f, U 6 .-,71.r.; ,r.-..1
ul, ;.un ,n-Jn tSn,.:.-, .i(q.' ;r,-l;l I u2tJjss J*-e.1uJ,_ .rrj1i ,lL;- r ;,r^: L. -,,, ! ,*r-^-+ r,,: L_ ,-L-l,5 r:5 ert.-l d:*l o<.. .c*1,5 j,;l-;l [U; \ ral,ujS.gly Ll ..:*l ,{-" 'lx-1;
jl :+ .ll-Lrr ,.\ 4e" -2' dr iLjL.tl+-.,rr \Y X. t?.jJr- o" j!,;L L-2" 3 g--&.^--: 6- cr,
i.'--l .U;U i-t; .gj,;lt;l 61l,,[ ..:*l \t/d 5--,<..:* I ,,,.L U.;l(.|
\ .i: 5-E j:J Jrl ,?! .KJi r_l r "-
t. J}:" 1K; I t, ,i .c*l ;r3;- .t -;l'u,r, 1.2 ]:- .{ ,4r_t tL :l-rcl r, ,3;-e' 4_l s-)J \.g5,r. a-_Ui. stA- .:\-tdr-.: I .r,_F.,- .1.,U ,;! ;;f .JrU e5 .gleiJ .gl-o.r-le
u-t ; .L\*l l,{r; a(l., ,r2l.ri r, -2.: !9)-Ir -ts 6" L-t; '4"J+ Jt6 jl .ri- rr oJ rldb ..:*l
"f.l* jj, 4 .:..; l) L.;:
,-tl-r Fl.,,.r--, eL,,,Stlpl ! l1jr ci:-rc 1.jr4i- ,1;-r,_.>
.-rr! t l2 :l-rcl a5 --..4
Lr A_l .e"S,-l uey- ;_j,;lL;t
\0V ;5 lLj r ,;. 1 dl{iJ .\ '
; ;U*!K,t L- o-r^:.,.-YL_l dr.r iLU ,.ej,;l':^.l G- ,SlPip_l L-t ,-s JS 2: c.,.,-l c,.-1 -L.q
"J, e[. 6;;L 6e"r"
.i-LU;l r+lt,sjr-b l- 4l .c-*; y-.i,;15.1 Flrr-,dr,-l ^5
U', +-l + ,C .:..-.- ;L-JS.: t t ,iS.t-l ;E ,r'-lb;*V -22:S 2: r,,_l c,n d-,:.j ,!"- S Gt* )r ,Jli s. b A4l;
-uL A ,.pl l-l .;; $ ;,ltl .6j,)sl iL u! L ,r:L'(-Slt ,S-S'-t.gI+l J 1..7-e*r *-! e b--l ;r ,ri' 6,-lra [i ,c^-a
.# iuil J) 6j,;tl;t,9 j,;lxl .lr. 4- ! :i:*l ;*.q trlJl,; *r cr-l ,l .ri-1A L\i ;-. LU y,. ,d,,r o-,- ,A & ,92;l.2,slr-,,li+.2 rgj"rltl iLll ..:l;' l ,r* ({5.tK; t-t. .}i;r ) l;B
! .,J c*-- l.s c ;.s2: iL;, a * iL\t 6l; o-, B t A,!^S
.e--j rs el-r.-;l l2 p t a +--i) 1: g;.sl>yt;i;l;l ,l .rU*l' .aU
^S ,b
" L; J-* -ur.r. .rt(.1 I- + ,F-., L-r..l .91-Lal
I r LL?U g--l ;:;b U. .f.-& el-r-;l .c*l C s B .*I D jt* e j! it;i; [- B iIoU r:lyrtt t 6 rgL_le; ,9],;l.xl<c.-lil .p l; j;-.r 2l .:U:-l ! .=-rj u-l I .r.,-,,i .-r 1..:,; I
eJ,- ;l "e
la^:^i 2 ;iJ ";l:.;l lr L6{l-U :l J:t iS-; ul;u"..:;L lr Sti .--N
'Ur; ;KrL- t E) tr? ;L.U ,9 j,;lt;l 6lt x t::^+-.j lAal-li +ll .*,5.f .rLL-l i.=lll; ;rr;l .;rL:5a5 * je\-':6t::. aJ'. * L+i ,l Jlj+ 6 t-;i ;l ;A-tS ,r4 6t)e" 6.1a;- ,tltV ..5 ,rt^..l S-tt dl,6drU a-l ,9f ,;lsl,912. l; ;l,t ri ,.rr, .1, f b l, ao; 1lu )L;..jJu- o* i.I-U
.rr;.r. )g + :-fu ,t-l
"J t\; t .t.r.! 'iltl \d?
V_r+-S .x--121 u$-- -l .rl*L dt;L - ,sr E-lrtc -&.t ,-r.t, ,u1l; ,,tu-41-l ...1-l ..tl .o.L J-3.l.,tj Jr.;ljoar; $ ;J a: a-;--':,.:-l;b-.;lrj qL O,-ly at # r+ ,,,
\'.::j 6,-l a, ..:-l -5--' c* r,,* 'tLJ, ,Jjs(,, ,r-L.-- I
,-;12 2 ,9\!3 6J,;l.t:l .tt+- F. .41.-ul ..;rr" .;L;- ,r).t1".,*; af i*J d-2r .rr_l .r_lri..,t -{ a>"r-h l_, u-Y
.rra -rl5 t 6t;4 "1r-t,r,l1; .91o,4.r,- :s3" 2, l.s uy'6 j ';lt;l eL-r; .9t4i-,1-r-..;l ,F t -r,-! ,l'r. g,-l -2,
;l ;i"_,5 j,;lsl eir-1l-u:1-3 ,J; ;r-jzf dl .)JS 'rl-l,;L-c c.'-.; + 3 't .+l-r -r,_L Ll l.:;l y'," ,r-Ll .riUr.,
L * e^::-.-r U j,;lrl ,,L--* ;rJ oa;'.- ..-tr; ;=..r I rU-;
sL .glci--+_ & 4. o ra .$)6- l.r 6- 4,.SU*..rL-,"1 a-l ;l L ,r^t<i ,-5 .J tL r.* l, cL.r: ,g. t dr-+ &"rlr .efel-tl J-Jlr,"-, .{ ! q!- (*- d # .sL,. o5
; r+U- e,,-j.rL ,t , si, ;'-l .t"Ju. at?l ,'s-rr.c*l .;rla
,--,1.2_1;-: .r'j6 -! 2, 1..7 ,.r-"6 J+ JL:, .Elr2-'V irr-;, tli l, d:i- jL- 4_ iir-, * )rL 6J,;lsl;lS *. 6l;u. el-..t' ,:lr+ r; r ..r.l,! Stt. ;Jt+ ,; ,S .}-r-j+. e\- J,r" ,;z-f J-b 'ry1o blr6.l.,1 ol;.;-r g,l .r.,,
.d-S ,S { (-;+ plj{i_ 4j l-t) .;^J*. eL_ rt s} L
.:f 6 j,;l..,;l .* drl + 6l;u- l, el-J .rul,jr; .eQrt,rgj';ll:.l iL o,_l dJ*t { nlicf -* l_.,.L L- 6".; il-l,i
2. S.S. Stevens
\Or ;5 ,t!j r /.i-..i, .rqiJ .\'
fU t .reL5;r'.,.rL+,-r .t ? f* ,rAi t;1.i5-;j'tcJ
l#. ? S ty i:.-,.92..r5.r. 1U.' ,K-r,-., 9l ;l ..;l 'r'i,r^tl l, 6,,-l .'t; -L-r ;i 6 j,;lsl;r:; ,Jlr t-) ! +!
",.S.--r- .r_.rut Jt Ut .sl;o 1,1.L 4 rt..rlc .i,-;l oUll
J* f * ) f:1t6"',.t4t ret a' 'uL .-*r.2'' J) ,)^'6 L.n.9i \ Vlr. r-.U.. of lr --b o,-l 'lt, ,--$ c,-.-
.irlS )US .,"_! ,.t;F.r, .L-y; ,9 j ';l".;la.rLL ,*l t+ {.r -* :c*l ;,; :.13, s_l .;' ,-r. };tSe ^z * A) + ,-tl.) 6 c;l.r-
"9}; u-+U- l).il-i;ii J.t ;l,,ei: L )1.I5 15
"-+U. i ,5r;6. s.t-:L'
L .g-;1, cn! )l J;:.,-;l-r.rl; ,,A:-t J4, .tt;,./*1Jn x,\:6n ,tr.r!r, r ,-|*j ;l .reS .gt-o.11.2 [ l1 ;l$L; g,l
2 n;J, ,r,r----oL'r5r ,rr,,rJr -:i; L .J l.^-?LL cslatlJ J (f-),,)*tt*'.rxt ! ;l-iaL; a\; e_l .rS rr' .iL-et;(j)r,,..,3 ,^+U- ..r,.li; "!-, _tt .ts-€ L"t d* ,s,b t\; +
,-Ly, Wlr. l, Ui +! ^S r'*,r. ef p+ t J) J* -,1
**:" J:ol i"l .lr- r, .rLr -,1;3;r a(J" :e;l-ri ..ul
,X e=^b .rJ+ :F f.6. j+ l- jr. .+* , ,s.b cLP.tS rr. d-S
,4 .r-k, r J-lJ i_r[.i ,j? ,:.U;;,_l a5 ; lr.r--!-r- .rk ;l2,*: 2 Oilt .tLJ ot 1., l4,L;-.:.:L-.'o jg
- -*+ l- ;,-r .iil ;r ,L-r. .r-l .rkJ' oS V\ :t '5 at ise
3. P W Bridgman 4 The Logic of Modetn Physics
uJ tt\; .: rrJ.jl.r';l \M
o.\-\. J<..:
t L JLKC !.*) )r) ,L-- -.,t(rL- 4 5,. .2t ,;le.s 4l.i+rr ,r-r 15 ;yl..r;l a, !.; L5a5 6. ,.glaeLG ,g j,;l,;l ,gl,tsll ."J orli- L.,,..:r ;'l .;t 6, J--t ,SV-s-t -,1 -r,-1., KI .c,-;\ :,-*J 4a: ;iL .,1 ul;n l, ._,L. 4 ;ti .-,,_L;e_, Ji;.-urL; g*.,1 ;l ^S lrLLuV* u,-V;s t , )lr;- U-l 1-_V
6lt ,.5 -tV. ,e) .r; ;.,t -,. ;li,r, J-4 L- l, ;i iLzLi .rr;ol, t4l ; l;,_; ,g j,;lt;l
^l=. ti ^t ,r,_tn..L U el.ll "r:,;*l) I {-;J .';1 l-r- l ,-J.i o,_ I .gly .r.,,b te.e iiJ ,;lrl
.rqiJ 1 lr q:-J o,l 3 G4lt.,-Ltr., .1.*i ,-:5,r. "-uLi.p:-tu. aL-V r+** dr:^-,- { tS u. L;r' 6 J--"
J,,- ,9 j,;lt;l ,sl, Jl .'r*s Ch -"+-.i!. - L;_l rrLl ,.ul;L a;b r3-.9 ol-,7 4r,_-r=,Jrl .r.:;t,",ri; .,<,,.e d*J.;- J+ .,ii.*- f4; dr_+ jl J* r*) 4 .r! r +!
\ t\ ,t' ;.,\: : .;. r - .514:3 . \ .
;I5 r ;Ul-l5y;J ;l I t.rL,; Jfu ,;I ut,r b *. *r-+b .iJl + * lt ,r-rL t p- ,J) r F;5 rE.jl -ur,s.
,t*rr i-* ot ' ,j,;1.::1 ,-r l".r- ! 6is-t 4 a( ;l.r.oL;.
FJ -^t .r-l r+b ilf t K!\ ,l\; '*-J : g:t L+ *-+ ts.t:z c*.- i!^, .r-l
15 ;,,-l .-'r*,r- pta;t .r_,l 4;t k- r& ,i!, c;;U ..--US
;; !", ."- I cr -b + Ll ,.,;-L uts- ,-rst Lnr- [ r;l;,r"l) *E J-_l n*.="o dJ" ..:;1.:
-_r,. a,+ ;S r,_;LL r. c*;gJi cr-:AfL I f)t Jil). jl-j,.sk,l'r.(1r9 1.., ol-, ei .-;l-r,- ;l-i,aLi ;L; r-r .r,_Lo9le - (W!l o.uL:-ri l; frz: J-S
J* ilt. ^S pj l+ .*-l-S ;tl \,4_t 4s Ll .-u;; l.r.r,
k, ;9^t .;J -..r r3; j;* >'.4L t
'.,. S.b .gLro;t-e i,;L;-:
,-9kJJl;r*r cr -b +.5 -5 ;t-,!t- aa lr;.r, 1; rK; 6,_ I
6,_l :;.lri !r=J gk, i:r5 i--f. -i, L; l; ,-r..; .9 j,;lsl<.rl!l ;l;r;rn 3 uoV >rlr^ 17 L;;*:.tF QIJ l-,_.:r*,
1 .5:l.uL; ,i! j t96"ilJ e.,1, Lr-., ;11:;*r g,- l tS .llrrr.; .l ,< ! .',L,,cb"rl.
"y' t\:.t ,5j';li tr'
"S *rt tdJl-,_r*, (t ,y_l ;l ,*S Lr-o-.nlj.j- d')1'
3 ra.r U a-l;.-a 1-, -L ,jLa1il.r.,1l eL;L- d g-r,-j- .r,-! -i ,., l-2 J+ J*;l ,r,-1,o.;1.2 ;LlK,-r.. ;l ,t. , .ij14;l.uLi ,-,6;ls +;t ,"i ji.-, ;Li "efrtlt ;i(tdrl ,*Si g-i;..', ,r!l l, I-o.;le ;,-l 6 e',. g:t .t ltu^
? u-l 4 tr)n ,:.-$ rr alt ,,r)t.t ,!j ,, nf e-l c*;rL-; J-S -,_* + A G-rttu + l_, <r)3Jt,<; .l gi_ I .r-tttrr.,lS , it*6.;"; .1. L .9 j,tltl irL
"p 1.2.e;-r
;,-_1 ..:*l J) 6L.rIt .rL- ,l "5,-; .'j.i l""i o,_l Ll
Ltt' )\ S uJ-t;- 9V'o-tr 'ts^ y Lii ,S e*l .,,-[i-.2tjeu- l;;i.e;*l ,;:\) ,$u".r. + ! ,9 j ";lllJt "-t t\S + Jf1- r, ,.-rr L- ;L:K.gs.r.' 4r- .gl,talz[i 1e"
GE { .,"ur|., ;r-or;r ;e+L eL- L -r13" a'.. e,l;r aS ;*l ;n-s -t
,_,Is ;l;.*r ! 4 f ,5 ,J* 6L drr:1 jl .-S cr--J) pw cL Lii t i<. t',.r 6=. -r .r;u" ,-e2', j');;-ll-' j-U 6 ,ut).t.l(-.' .r"L- L-, jr. ,) * I g.;l'
)r't i-r*,.*l )) 6 j";lsl ,rL-" -l-,7.;.>-L_r- l Lin l;;i .,'r-. Jl .;*l ,_ka^ ,. l,+ lr&-16 a, u!-9-,,_rV L;r- ,' i.6.; .rlr +-l ,{ "2t - .*,:)ltt ,f pr. il ;- t- Jr<l 4 ! .u r_* )l ,-,\_y,r" -9,, .'rtrt) eL" t 8 Jt; e-3 \J-r;a o!. e):E+- U .;K ;r;* ,';Yt9:t\"2: .g-*
"l,U;l- ,;*l 1141-r, )f rFE ,)-". -; i
t .rli.,. r-.4.slr ;;U; ;o; F p- 6;,)ln1 ,912 ^S
)lJt d-L_ Lrt-,- c-S.1r ,,_ I a5 6_&. 6*rr ;_e1v- ,:2 26.J.s.r. ,15* *.; l, r,- ))f r. li et ;- -L; a, .i;l:
\?Y ;S,jj.r,.rqF.\\
# r+U. rl st9-l-r- r,- U d.,. .*" uL-t (.'; {l)l uii lr,
l-t r- ,,*^ 2 fit 6\t*|2,;l L: { -,,r .rS .r[ir-lnr + at-p eltt g-l .rrri -,15 { ,.5 e..-* .rf; .-r.; l':-r+-
.d^-+' '+Uii ; ;i ,5|-ly;tj; c.:;b Ll .c*l.4i U-l '-J uyrr -;-,.: I ;13;le.i-U9 .J1l .iJle
-2-:
,.-YL Lrly .7-:r.-.,;S fx; a{ c'.-Lrl J-;..:*l .,ilJ.F oli,- L l-r.;l; .cJ .ri .t(.r,_, )l r--. 4_ o<- ,id..
;l ntt+- ;l|,t- i:.;,:1.re :F 1, li .g.t.r.: 215 1 .r,iUicFJ*D t (&rl ,l.J;r.n ,<o.)l
",.u.J 1, lgJ> ,<oelt>
-r-:1 .1 ,,--.ol,i. lr I { 11 i-..! ..a.-& ;f- .-; j '$l<-rL_;
1.)':l +L; .-: rb,r, ,r. r k -l ,rE ,;12 r- r1 ,5t .n-l.r.,U
{ .65 .rtL-l ,t2lr> t+t: F f* 1l ,y):l ;!s; 9 ty;l t:;u. .u;-l ;-tg;ti r-. -2r \6 ;2tl l* ,SV-S, OJ.tt) -L4n t ,- 1 ;)r- L. -.1, ;r5,r .:*-).r ,i,_lir.. S e; ii-a
...r :J 'rl;-"..1 ,.9 f9 c,L-;l u.2r \.. .917
g;rL-;;L.l:i .:.--'.,- lr L .i L;L srlr a5* )- .15 4-l,dJ[.1 rtE t Lt)L--, )!-*: ;U,.- +! l-p- a; .rr- .r; lj(,r.'
;r .jlr 4 F*4i)9 b --J ,t-; l, Si ..,+-, f,-r-r:+- KL
i- il Jl Ll .1b 11,.r J--' z;tt )l rt*-L. ! -"1! e,.\L ,-r-l
or[L*l ,rr,r,;Li rl-rl ! l, r-+,:1"_ i-,YL "S ,;.2lrr- L.2'
t*; Lr -,.l; L.;r .:3- ,'r7- )l; + +! .;l: 4- q, ,F:5
l1 :l.rl -r,_L r5.-*l c*;r 6,_ I a;.rJ I .r9;.r, o.rb rl.rcl ,*,;',;;-t ,:ltc.215 ei drlr,.Q;l .rl .r, Ll .,erL-+ rtl- t >tr
.tt* c.t -l -* > .c.;-S tS * 6 .,l.rii, ,,o g; lr1 l., rl-rcl
;,,_l ,l e[- r.o1r : ,,1 * ,911. 1.2 ;li,a s,iL;- irr--.- -_)LU
\\J;,sL-ly
d ,itt
.r' -rtf t lr[c ,l a(l :.r5.'; ,,ulrl c-:L t # r=^UJt t;.--*;15 g,-l i-r,_U .i*rt ,.rt,rJ .gb..r,--r, ;: .'l-r."1
d r:J,.r.h: r.ro; L-6 Jlj* ;,-l .r::ji t:-*L Za-t; ,F *V.c-l ,,-.iJ: ,k+ -,, k3.;..' !-uL; <:e-...."- t1K;, ;-,,-U, ..1t;L .-*.., -11 ,.rU.r:r : :3,, e5 .ri;lr ,rr-b ,e- 611. -.,.-! 9 \$;.1
,.-4 p-+^U- g,-l :.u:*; t .}+-l F "-ru.
Ll .,.:* I 5.rLitC,g ,Ct- l) l+i ,5 ra--A 1- o,-l .c-J ,; 'r.::-..r L aL;;l,
e :l l-,r .t-r./ )S t l-, k,l \rz ,C Jlj- er!-.r_l_rl+,5lra ,51,l.n:. b*t Jt-l e ,-t113;: L f+r.t !-,.--'j .lr'' {
1-5 d,,.r-r; ,g;r-rc oLLL t a-L.,;lll.tqiJ d+Le & itj+, aS .r.; ,r:i( t"rt'. .;l-',r. a--o l_; g-L2.r,;til uJ orr;l .:L:*I ,:s4 ,t=l J, $- )r'Vrp.,,-
".*.; ; ot.|-' ^.Jl '-, ,15 + .UK r! oJrl l, ,ts.t ,t-D .,:e
u^,-ra ;1,2 i;-: "S :2 uJ oJrl .rt Ll .s-r3, ory -,715 r l2 ;l
\rd ;5 1,,,.r_r !rtJ-lj, .\\
.trv-l;1. b : a .{e 6L ,P=aM+b.il,L L l; 6,.1 2 ,*lt .rlrr l-, lUi Jl .uU ,..;-,. ;-U;i L-l;; .'t ll.r':....n.g-rl, t .-..r, ,t; ,!.- g"_Srr l;GS ,;_t' 4> t:r.;- 6s.ta5 -ul L < l.-r.-.- -L- .:*t .S- t . 'u L P ; ,KJ nz -^, U-.-' L.
f b +.rJ"r^- &: .,:*l ;* .!U 6;,:L 1l; ,-..-...-1
L C-L- r'.,, du- c- G., e,;l-raL; ! ,- c*-,-.,,r. !, e t lr cJ J) a5 J '"Jt+- ;rU 4 Fq[;
.r,; L_ c..*r
.r"- l..o +5 ,fS \Ert + )y ,)--)*) t" "y' ll; Jl
.ri 1, at {,.i,..o ,;trt oJ;l "\; j t rs- r[*
"rqJ ,t,, eL
0. t c-n.5 ,r K| ,.r-*: :23,, tt,-L_2lr> L.;lr ,l=j ;l ,_r,_ I,o 41.1
M=xr 6t L !-uL; d'rJ.r l ..:*l orJ oat, ,r; ;), JLa.L; ,-s ! a, e ,,* I
-.,j(-u
,rr r:-f ,r ,eg 2: :," ":
6V + .etcr rK 4 l, M :"-l;:S lLat LtK,\il 'W )l 6-P ;*zV iJ.S -;.a) iK.\.; .,ti'- jl F- oLS \ * P=yt
as; Lli [1 ,ctl itSl ,-;..2r g,- l .,--;L.r, ,sF--..'i-.aL-,52; LV i--o
"91;l + oi - -urlJ-; rJi .p ,s\ot*.
t:*l ,:rL.. F,1L a, ji.- d. iL. .c*r -tui.; d,- 6l-oaL-U
\ 6 M -r-r^- 192; Lr.-,t 'b-- J-U o .:1b r4 -2; l; xr ei
)l .r4 c*l ;(- ,g- :t:*l ,,x.. .11.: 3r\L u c-;r. ,V;-
lr;;U 6l;; ,ntri d./-l 2: .t;3; ,fu.l -i kL; .rt 611
);b+ t; u..'; .t'-\ rS,L .rlr ;Lie=a +bM+cMz.f5i I )i.r*.s. t-t P dK .l-*! ii\-a I M iL. ,1.;' ;l 4. -e
P t ,itlr ,flf L. M tS .?t ,d a---.;ea2..1 P F Ct , e.$rr;t:o ,ti;r a5.:3*i ,?*l L: ,;-;
F ;;\;: 'jrtrit
\rt
.1., \-- I :gf rL- l; .,Li.o ul ,rV ,.-:i t { 22;l ,;l\".i*l ; crt-t ,512 t;-r"
6 *l o,-l ,f-)-. Ji !rl(l -; )r 15 rJdb ,,t^t ;)_r.
drl .C O,.ri \ urS ailp S.rrr,r, el(.l t I ,rJ r.+b,.s\ al,\-: iJl t e e b.-r,_1 (fi e'ttt .b ) e crltd- ,j'*, rt* A.- ti;,s:, ,!-* ,.-r+ ,-g to.-i,--9 ,-r^1",;4..
g! ,r-21j3,r. ;L." lto 2L! ;.-; lr ,lij L 6 ,u- u{ a\t.c-l .,K-; rK r-, .r-" lJ ._,r_r,.rL .rrJ
cJ r aJ ,\ M eoY;J ,-L1l eL-.2r -u;l &' \-! lr..l+lr,-r-l r-J.r ..uL; ,; I a;- lr P lL + rs.{-" ,rYoa .r,-l &1 ,r, 6_t) .r-at./;L; \-\\ JS-,-
,M ,'-:V g,1 .5lrl l ) ...x2 ,x1rl c*l ..,1Lc I I M 2,:W
6)t e ) J,' .S)) ... y2 ,yt 1l e*l;-,!-c .r*l * I It P ,_>W
;L; ; L;. dil ! oi *W oJ 1-r.. rl ,-, .p:S\r.'.--d,,- l rjL- .rJl;jJs, ttJi; J,- I 1l l.,1
"9;1"-r u?,; .3;u' "tl:
\rY ;s ,,.,-.1.,2 gL_l;'..\\
lal.JrlK ;-c- l)G o-t,f. *.1, ' ctirjr: -rr Vl .t,.22i ,9r,
\\^:-l ,c.4J \r. el-sl l1 1.q5.;1i 2eu- ',.s2t2 rlx"4 e!-,l,)r 4? + ,6 g,1 '!; ,j kj,-l ;-!-U) ,$t< u, ,S lr-ei lx$6\'n,Ji .Sf ,.!;lr- t J) o .'r-rr L;r;tt ;Ks,j-,_ I ..rlJ gl"-i)r .-rj3_,1.r, g1_L ; b1.=*
Cr * ;l ,S ,9r j
tl rS rr l; Lrr_,;n ,*,q uls .,bel .r.nt5 e5 ; .l .:*;.'.;-_l Vl - Jrps .- L- i-i, [i Ll ..r,_e;.r, ;,._1. 11 ,51-lr
rrsr;3.-,r. )r a? I .-l^r-2.r,J;l: dfl !; :r lorr-,
Qrr;l L i^,r ,-r1 ,lr,r- l+rr ,-r-l ;l uJ $.-t ,rert4r"-:- us+ 3 ,at-t-).2 JE;- ,ct-L J.+ rl ..++:. .l1-,
.-.5s, .)l;- .l ,,_2,r- y_,.ju el(.l ;3 & d i)7 '". d'-2
F & ,;rn d r3, gLJi ;riir o,l r. ,JU) S 1'rb,r:-1r-;t ;-t ,)r- s,. )y J t-., o* "i;
L r. e5 "!r 6,- | r
jl .r-1! .sr ,PV ;l t9.sst tSl-t d r31 4l ..r vl:+ .,- .l
-. oS it;;lj5 ,L5 .r5 orrs-r -"I ! --- L ! L:.1*
r-1..r- 6)lr* J c-l .r--k;-l; ;l r-.r ;r-5 ir +L.s! -,15 6,-1 1 uol; ,-S 6 ;6 .t.2lS u.;LzL:il;.>
uJ ott + ,--.- *tt J: ;)i* rU:l L l--i-l .l.'r J'sd" rt.,q --++ f{, r-' lr t ./ -2,l-\ 'v.;ut tttsG:.r+. : aa; ;l>l-.2 eL5 r, l1 la.-r,-r, ;l;,r. i5 cJl
rl--l t .rF-, Jll Li Jr :-5 1t;t o \a.:, dl€:. rl." .);;
;:'-jtt ;l 6-."j I !^*j \-*) , 6r+ r9\.,,,*; e'Jt ,.:L $La; t -=--i F -;3; tS 41 -rit^..;lJ i .91..'^:
r ,'l;.',l,i ,jy-) ,l l:at;*l ;(- .-ul;.;,.1 ;;*-;-..bL--;-.F1, .916,'iL; )l ,rt a.
"9j LI .-r,-[', ;1L:l
.y' tt\; t ssj o;lnl \9?
gA { lr.:=-!i.pr ,,1 e5;;ls ..:*l Ltt e-+ cL_.rkJ.;.,, tJl,t $,,.e*,r. "[5*; ]- L. 6. )sr.-,, ;l s c Lr.,6
^-.:1" ;Lo,4_ t 4l) -\ fJ .8.!- .,1.. ..,- ole
.j-a.' J) .rrr9 -r.r l; u\:;;: 7ri uK, 1-tS;L l2 .:*L5 ;,1tS + 3;, ,g12. 6>l_2 ,l=.,, ,sV;- r l-r.*; ,r-=K;l ;[; ,,.q:_ | .9l2lr $ c*l u.l;jl .rJ, kr- \.-* u-l ,jb ,rs_tu.
;'J oV 2: ,-.,\)..a rl.u ,.:l_rp *VS Fl :..2 3n ;t .t:*l ;i-a.rF.r, .r!
"J ;!, r-' a5 jiU ..,-:-r irl ., ..:*l { ,lL--.r
,_rL..l ,-,! 612 I ;*l csrLr\.; ;lrLr jl ;,tL 2 ;,1;gS
'rL ;.3" rJrl^. eL_ c9b 1 .g_r1., 1jf ,rrJ .r!j_.,, ..,-r U
l_2 rcr-4- c-L_ rl .9 i*. ,u\- tnS ,rJl -,IK:L tarr;l .,__.rr+.
a,* ! a:;b -tS t r ..r5s, ai, j1--t ;tr.+, rl .9.,r;*. L
;i,1 d e*l "gl.rLu*l .r3 ;rt J-t tt-t^+ Jt
,! "5r- ,-fSi r ;jir cI_ 5 .r+r ..,I:2 ,-a;;- n r=5,.1.a,.i;,r, ;lp[_2 d ,1, .r* ! .L-;l ,99 "p- 6i ;l;.," -u;
,: E tr\;;r e;Jl .-r.rr .J*: r" .r,14.:- u*. L 1j ..,\S *'16 Jll jl .# .)l:-,1 G:..;-:. slra s- tj JL )l ;:l:, rr<.rr, -i--al; 6 &.,!- ,t- r.--.+ ,r_ll ,t_15n ,S l-Jrl
6r,-l Ll .trry -r.a l; ; L:-ir: ,^j r.-+ 4_lr,rr5 G:,.-r:. blttls7 6 , u-V:-l -irl5 s ,.s I 64s-t , t---- ub).# ot, u_t .r-j'r;,_l .;*l _"Jfu _,[--: ,spL__,
3t; .j<* + l; dle e5 .ur,r, ;lil L a, ,r:_t ,;t-l **l.d A.*" o;t) J'-Jr'I)lS t '"--r.rt', !
L g-;.ei;., ;L-13 ts.r-'Jj uS':,.a o;2 r.1 a5 i>L_, jLn;i t_l; Ji_ |
d.c J*L jJ "\;*. t .8 lt l, .rJ ;[, r,! Ul4]
\2\ ;S !,i:J .Jl2b .\ \
.J: )-i':.lJ
d.-'..,- lr .r:-;lr-ab .,-:i iJ" fi^€ ,*.-- dr- I cjc)t-.,^- 1,, lr r-,-Q-ii-;l ,'bg -2: .45V )-s. ', o,r.L L-l;'"f ,S > t,J 4rt- lr .ri.!K-i.-Lji g;3 .rb,.L;l rj,- .eUl .;:
.,; ;l u$_\ i-;.l S ,tI )_,+, + ,,52j5 L;1, 1;l,ra4,(+J .K Y-\\ Jfu t) .:[,r" .1.; .;bt "pb \ tt +.tr.t,
6taK' S # .-L- atx .:^rS ,-:,; ;l ,; ).;l a-l ;lt,r,- lJ L, ,j.l 6t .t+€
";n o.rJ., ,.:.it l;,Srl .iL;
-;J ++ )r:.), p.2L.(.;l .eL_le, 6, j,rl.sl L el ..r;l; -;JU_j+S tS slt.:r:,iL; ,-iLi 6,\a3;;611 L_1.1; ;.,,-l .ri
g'-l r | 2l .{+ Crl .,.rJ..; b I_;21-rL ;r,-}r; ua ,5111 2 _2,.;L
kKr ,_rl -,rL (1, ,li*; _.7-.;;irlj ltK) S ,; e:"-ltl' ;j,fS U"l rSt.tSrf lr-,,-:*l a.;tt ,-:);{tl L)l , ^S
.l)
l.
. Y-\ \ J<.:
1. Opticks
6 o\;: 6$,;t.t:t \?A
Jrt, cV 1l .c;b 6r[,U){' 6t L-k s s:.Vc--;iora- ;1.,L5 ;l r5 rj, -r;.-. ;L; t c)r; \tK) \F ,\tt
.c*l ;ra- .r--tr JUI
s4*E \jk) ;1i.2 ;.,1r-!l; a, .;; ,-\S ;l o;a.*!tr i; l.r e $ 1..r.; +bre u11*,-$- ., .-15 -JlL .,.21,
c-J-" c-*..r r, .e .r.e1 e-Le ,*\* i.uLi * ; .*; ,:J
,.o c.,JLc*I .- ari ,& "
&-r.-l;'b ;r[r).p-t"*.it&.2 urrl ,\51.r.,1, ,r^KT ol;L dr,.l )l ..,!;l: 6-l) s4'4-'uj+llri il;ii !r, i t t- **l ,tJ d-* ,;\:1.2:7j 2 ;2;
o,-l d.-I,;Jl b J-: .),..,1r; 6L;l &, r*1r,,-r sjl .$)b
L_-h + ;.,-;q-o ':.rS ,-VS .n-/e j;.1: 12 ;;12.1 ;l;\;,l ,:;., C.--l 6i,.,L- .:*, .y ,gl:4o. -: &t ,-5.-'-re
** )l ';-5 )*\s. t-a".-a ;;n L'JE;Lt ;-,r!; e;b.,.,.h
e5 :j .r.-iii. !t2 .t2 s-bl)E r-l r, r?* ,t-J ir:-c-; -r,-L 1.2 &.24 L2r" 2l2L.ez'- rt iJ,--!, .rlr++i.".r-L;.:--r 2r .;i-o.,16 .rJ "*L:- jS- L-lt alj 6+.-;2: fl.e ;L-: ,..u1; u. Jl S sLt ^+:, .r-l
*. lt 6ts1t-.tt b4.lKt.--;.r, l-l l4l -r'-! 'rrl+ l-', '!r, t- lrlt.g lr, ..rlr ,rti ; &-* ttJr + l) ,tu c-l ,;J .d.:Url ffu ql. d cs::t set U--/1 \. l.t ,i,t 2 tsz K;-l
,-U;i ,.i [- -r,-! .;*l *r i 6: s .t -y >t.r, .itJ btr:.
caL.lr efrlb ,?t-p r l.2.,L-l Jil ,i )\r'l o,.-)l
)ji S ril;,'Dr dE lL t +r:, j2r,. 9V .2: ;5: ll .'Jd*e s;t -* s6t i.t -S;;l 6il1 ;r +ar 4*
\v\ ;J ,j.l.,, .r!-lia .\ I
jl d.an .+t !:*.: ..5riL , cr, L;
o,-r)1., J-Kt L-k ,-e;r,r,-[Kt*-; )3'-2 I ; lK-,-;r6 r'r;Jr't
.,.1;lr ;er -b )l ,tt 115 l .pb 4t- 6ll,ur.r; Wr-;.c;L;rl.J \,,ss ,,irjr;l-uLi \ 1\; ,:J ,sP ,,F ,-rttSV.:G tl .9l,,--li- s-U.l; J5* -,7r ,r-g J"--r+ .5q:5U + d,l lrb + lr.r"1 JLi.5 O,- I
rJa .-,y "l-:l ) r.i; r;iL;
,l ,rf-- ,.t ,u-'l)i 3;;
^:J .-St ;LJIL e-:z,t i. \AOf JL rr u'!-t a:;li;tl ,f ;u- u-Vc*.; -2' 1.2 ';J '5 J* & ..-l.rJL -.,, 6 st-y'|+ -t" .$J,lil;l ,L a, lt 6,t ,glqKt L-Ja:
aJ.:;L JLl:;,!tr "J a-> Glj.;* bl r rJ3,r ,Ja \AV0
rrr(.Jlor.; .--L g,-.1;1, L--h L; ':J ,gt-n+->; ;l ,"2+,-;K
"j F-l1l lr a( r--+ t23.-u' +;* u-'-l f :;*2 \4k, s si1 'o2l.2t.rGt iJLr ,,:2Ji.,,22\:.;r;ri
2 Herman von Helmholtz
Jr, ;*\ g-!t :'r+, (Die Farbenlehre) \1k) L--bi 1t n r.r3 tl .Y
J' J:' ,:,- r)<' ;, "r-,---.';LJi )r \A\ ' JL rr '5 rj+ 'L ,l
,:;i ;r! ,-' \Af. JL ), (Charles East Lake) Jl ;-*11 JlS L-7 ;lpL; a, ;yl;: ,\ i)r\ lif s.!' -,,Lij; i-.;L-1r,,J9 r,, .r1,* .-r,:,
Popular Lectures on) IC,SD ult.'G*y i)1.;4-$11j.-t'12' tl s\1, (\AA\ Jrtr:) Jrl iJr- (Sc ientific Subjects First Series
J;rj*) (popular Scientif ic Lectures) le eG u-Jo .SQ:l-* vS". 4 ^,:1'" ';_5 + ,r.6, L:- ;bl;l )l ;:? L)-!l ,.517 .i -L (\ltY.,' ^.-.-t- n;J ,s6t 4-b t! tr, (John Tyndall) Jlr-.:, ;E -,tJ\1f \ ;lt*r (\Aql.:l)t_i) (New Frasments) J'- j ;$Sl4 .tl},ir)i2l.2t ,y 2) t,;f Sra: ) ""\ lL { (werner Heisenbergl 3;,w 111
.51c...^ p:i s-4-! J.jL- r D)- r, 4--a ,t3 ); ;l &.2'(\ 10Y J!) (Philosof ic Problems of Nucl€ar Science)
F o\;: sJ.jlil rv.
.,J +U .ef-r .51*',L,i L l,
6 ,el--;j a. cys: st-rc ,.:, F, + 6,1\-. ;,l'ls-l tJ6lra ,;;f _2t ^S
;S lsl .,-;J ,)r";s, )t<.:;i ;L;i 9l2rL.+t, F JL-lr iL-lr){, ,-t;l: r -.4. -,,-! c-=-t.s1..,L ).15 jql'{^j.i \ )+-)ts Vi ) .,sk lsqlk-,r, r.i ,rlr .rLi .:"-.o S .))ii b.ri -r,_t, -r.-1,r. -b ".
&a..&-, a-"t4,l .J; x*(-.-.-,s- )) \ ' ',':-,-- ;9-
t_t l-als- rs Jl .;;lto
;tr e*;.r,--r, .'':1r ;-uL:- {.t .--t .-;_L_ri u-.;-o. L,_l;
l, ,[:iLl -r,_tj xS !2: t14.12-
{! 4 ,+5 .-i,o L; t., rjj ,i .ri-r! Lrs.t,l s.rJ d_rt
"9L.6,- ;r 12 j;l;tK-.r(i, .9tr.-t-4 i^r .2 -r,-r- 6,,L; -;t-
t-,,1
-r.5 .-r.aLi ,.t*e ?V '* ,t+ i+,, ,, 3 Jr-i ,!l^-il9 .:J.r,-j, uJ .t2 ttr. uS ott 6ldr4 + a-:J 'r;'iq,l €-'r- , L.6r.LaU ,L-l.e; .;-cr tg\a-J,;l:'l ,;i vV rgl2
;5.- ts_fat-r,l ,t-l t &,r-U;!"L- r,,,f ) b\.tl
.f lr iLa; ;,1 ,5 ; " b .:L; l-r; .9e J: -r-:! i,)r- --*l.-u;! :*L i-J ljl{Jl- i1\; ;r=a t. )2
t 4-V;\ ,)lu ct.r,-,* J.r+ r.' lf 41.'.r" ,):t l 4l
"; G;V ,.x-.t.I uluS :;. . e;! !n-, ) u) c\_ ) et .S;: KJ ,-*l ol^) 122, cL-r4 ;t Jrl kii t f-; .t) _,\
LL- *;, +:r, ; ,;l^=l lrL ^1"+ ) & 5_" .9[a-; L;
urS sW:-,..,r-r -,I5 t ;.2-r, nl c*l crs; S; ofl tyrt:3., ,,-.r, ; i.(. I eL 14 ; L4^-.' E;K bti ,$t- ,SWr--:
,:-r -J;;) \ r** cjl4; r[_..1 ,_rjrl +i; J-_' -];l-r .st".:Jt i)-*. t t{.:SU .;jJ ,glr, l_2 si ;l2a ,S ,@J
\vr ;5 ui_r., dqlj, .\ \
)S + ,t-*t gk. t: J -y*f IrL *. Gr;_l-lr l-l rreL_,;1
- el ;.2 Lo2lr3"- ,J/_J Loj,., [l5 - (fr) )h ! ,;\,t .7-2st
.rlr rilJl ;Q- ;21;r jGlll ;ti,f j\ L o5 r*.', ;)!t| ,,---2 r,:- "1,'.1 .gLor; J sb- S t-S k ,tt l.: t:t\.t.r:: gr cglal+".,'r l, ;b$Lrl tsL*- t ,V t-:^..i:Sir. .-ii-l--* J-' u..ltt SV .!rt_; 3il',:uL { rl ,,i ,,_; x_V oS
;L;l ;r :Jrro ;rl r.r s,ir)ttl ri-, .L- ,'& 4 o!, !L+t;L
"|5;; .e el-r-; I i-t\:' ,S ):: ;i ;l a5 ,rl3,r. L;
c* I "glrt*le\ ,,*+ tL JL! +.-; 23.o, 4-1 .-i-S.r, ujL-;r
c*.r t :f r,_; r, ;,; l-r; I -bt .ortt "f..- 1r erl;-_ I ;l ef
.!2: t1 ,,- f J-l L- d;-t ;i ;--o o1 dl'1.,;.1i !,.1;;*l .,,1,,, KL', ..-+ a^J5 cLG .r!-" I ;!-, .jl,_ o,_ I .r{.,.
..r_.7 lJ r, .2r ;irXll uK e*, 6U- , 6o-. + d.+ _.71 ,-:1ll l; llF jl .srL* ,-_r,a, a_l Ll
t^. oi + ,.) ..t6,.s- L *.,.t:* q,'Lr;L.(;1 ,l ,.,;lljKt: G* i,;L;r ,.r- 1r ;Y'i-r-l r: lt,r"j L;; a( c*;,cs ,4 .K ,-XJ uL_ t=- , "W zr^ 1 Jt .+6.d*i u+ !Y-r;l ;,,_l ;-*l ir lUr-t ,*>.3 S tJ,t
.-\Ars^j ,'-ilrl L- + o){=( K;, ;rqr-r (; ):f, t_r,a )2>
-t: .plr ) ,r^b+ifL aS ;l; t-;. t .,.,jr! .li-J-:':; a.,;.4 rL_ 4J .L---j r Ji_l .,* I JL ..,r- -,L,iJt- r g"\. t ,! ,Jrl e :^ '2 .4'.e$ 3 .so. -r"-L: 45 a-;\;* J--:.=:+e .gtaF g,,.l;Ku. te- +. 4tj u" ,K;l uz-. 2 1,|1^ . .9GKJ ;l 2. $ a-.i.a gLg--).: .9113" J.;
6.1,
.<-rlll> aa ,'r l-lr(J
uy' ,t\; :6J4l.rl \vl
l1 ;,,; ot-p t',3,,-- u;-.$ J.r+ Cr_l ,, ')-\S l, u; 61 ," 3
! ;L=;L-,, .rrl rl5 * t+; ,; .,1.1lf.",,;: .c :b .!-'.1 ).t5
,t-l ,St .tJ ,f'* I It o-\., ;Fl "r- re ,$ ,p3lc2:
,,.ir. eL- .tl+-Ulrr , jrre Uj itf +5 JLl" ;r,,ji ! l, t+Ul
"l+-r .2 l:*l .:*-,: ..,b1 o,-l S ,S nVl 6,1 .sl;)t-K .:.-., ;*i o,_l t l ...u|-r, tlt o; ;a;: l, 5i L;l;4,.,[j1 i,.r ).' Ll ,.-*l .-i iU .r,ri / 4l .,*l uce;"^..;*l .rtil ,ry.E -2r.5-ur.-r. .*, .r.ri r, --L-l ;r,- I
.rr* ,*5 Jrt b +5 ct-st 'S ,:J .'ltll. l-.l L:: 614;L_..1
t E:. t Jt jl lr L:,t53t.+;;t, r-:; b ;i;l ll1 .:Jrr .(i I
\. t t-ys'C)Li ,.- t g:. t, $ 6,- | ,l 6Q5L .-$lory .r;Ia;-l 1,r[;t,; 't*;t, Lt ,p.r.--l .;yt ,r!r ,*_J,r,re-, -S +! .tK+, g,_ I i.71;r :.1=:,1-.2 o;r\ , rf+-)1t+,'l ;Ul 4_ _fi -* yr e5 rr, Lo;l5 ar,-- -:J_2r r. r_L.rb
Ll ..:;lr J-t* r9 L4 i-. t l.6-t< 6,,_l o-; I:7 i, a-r.r..,*l
':; lal ;..r.;,--; $'a 5 a..".r eL- u-l \ G;s-t f ! &_l .r lr,
, ; .)t;il ,rz+ S ,);i ,-t:tn d;JU JtL ,t"rl L ;ts-6 ;!; 4 :u ,f.ili ;L .r!, c^.ri3,. 11 6o -r,_L .l.r.rr..eL- 2 '.;lS u. rl5 l, .-u ,J.a) ,\)l ,fl* )l u,ba 2!11.2:.i--.: ;-$--r Gt, Lt ,r,s,r, lr )lJ o,_l b:d F t ^i .r!_,
,l .-;L d)l; o--l f;r' J:ili u.l * S i';". o.
4 Arthur Schopenhauet, Ubot das Sehnund die Fdften
\V0 ;t s*.e.1 .9t217 .\ \
i, a:*l O<-.rl ;.t .-rirl;izL;r :_; b 15
,r+ti .rj;6 .lf .i=t ! L" )i Jl ';l"rr.l : llri ! t+K;, ttrS e( ,,'L c^:l: ,lL;,S.r. & l2 *'1..29 ;lS-_y ;iK
rJ5YL
..xS u. ;1-*. ,- + J._lo.-u! ,:+r. ;tt;- ,., ) a d*l O<- ..-j
.91.o.; l.e e( Jr.r+ d- utsa \ blrrl l) jt 4 -rL-: .1-F
.f l'1 t t- .rl: e[J , or.t t:,ri -r.L1 ,,n j_rr^r ,3;t .-lK;l,6 ,f,t_f t9V'a .2t l, ^Ltr. u,.tl2 61a34 6l;,r, ;LKl2 .,l.rf-_rrr F ;tlJ 6 ,.;ss .Dr Jr r^ r) ..:il3 l,.r.L-$u" '-oa; 3 l, uSJr
'Lqr, ,i lr,,.r, -\J5 .,lJ 4. +-*€,l .,!Lil I is* y ,&-.2 t-12,.4l .2:,.1aLi r5l .lJ J1.u-l.9d9 :.;.1 *-r p">\t 1L- ,e-.,o9. L;_ I .,,., .r:.r,r; c*,.ij-- C)t' ,l urul .b * rl.g.,L;.' .5 ,s-l; j\ ,-t:_* ,Slt;r a5 .ui- t ,V Jr"a, *; c-:,!:. sal J3 .r-2[ 1911 ,riloJ;
.a:--.j ,il.r: ji- arl; y u); :; 3\;L;l ;Gel ,r,"t( rS .:*trK;i r.r;i .r3 ;[; .9tr..r,_U
rL r, ,.3Ic;, 1., ;i;l ,rU.:-l rl)ti rall 12 :*o.,-4..-9 r,-....:..c ..-,..l;,, ;r,l .:Jc 'ru- ,.rrj l9r ,,Lai -2: .-r;lrJr5 rl,i; I
.-ntu. tl; ,-,o,t :-ty l-t -.--p
,ti &,
uy' ;*') : sJ'jtil \vt
rq-+ .<t i .;*l j+-y;,-lr, ,.r:f.r. L; ^,(.d*l
t<'1*d 1", A*:.6lto r. l$uiKu',flfl\
si:-y :.,;e.:1,- -r,:; L ,--){l ;,,1 6 ;*l -.r,
'lJ-
1 Ll .-r,-;+ ,S c--! 6-e.ri;; .JL;; 6VtK ^, "$^\.*V.tc/ 1.1 ,5lo:1/ ..:Lj ,-r., oJ ,--t ul 6-' ,.r +-.te-u- o2lL. !! fx-..:Jrr5 rJ,-.rt, ri zJa;i;lr){!l ;,-l)F {-j- li r
-t=r. ! d rrr: b l-i } }* pri el_.51r .rr-
;,,,1_,,, 3.ni.9Loo.:7 ri ;-..,! 6r,_)j )t :---.+ rl5*i .l- l1)t
6,1r, ull;;-t,r,_! ..:*l ,'_rY e; la.-y +I( .Jl ..r; ij-- -_1t
41.r, l; ;lrp, o,-l Jl .-:! ,r.:. [- a, .,-]c g,-l ;;q,-- J ,JLj ;l' ,;'-;L - b.rr,- ;!,=5 S ,- t{. 1lt;ut
.,.* ...rjlor:, ..r1, g_1r ; -lta.Jr: ..> lJ*i"-
1.,7 t, S.ai k: I o;;l.rl J- t'1 -:! yl! t 14 ! .rl-r4"r.LUt ,S ,"..u:t:: G\) c4y L L L;-l:r .are:;1r ,-l.a!;:l) \-<.jr CIJ , J-ra ;i .c*l .rrUi- {j- t ,V tt- \l2 Lo.r7 .ri u:rs,b tr uo*yp-)" 4lL .2:,y$u. jj-
..;+ J.L!.l ,5 tL.2,.JJ:'(J" .;j-6 el',J ;rL ;Ll5 r jl;a:i t Jr-;!,2 r.;y;r6 sr1 ..u;+ .r*! et \--t r*5.r. "nr"lri
,-\;21 gl3
6tf ;l .4a tt- l, ,ti &rirs t--,);s. l) <,r1ll iJfgl1 -2r L ..,!j r, !^(;, ;LE r5 -$)s, (*r ,.rl r, ,-1,..-- I ;,,-l
glr,l :--r{-. L 1 ,r,l-rl-_r=r -St -9-' ;}jl .$.-.r kiir r:-I l, ,Frlrr g-rl, .r.\: -! r -s Lr 6lsJlnrrSJl
\W Jtj jt*'l t+ir.\Y
c-;t L*i.;4.. .gL.te.J5 ,alL.l ,, rl - c*l ,tS $-ladJ O- r5 .91.-$c :riLj jLrl ;$c .9![ k=.1+ ,.,,_,-r
LV) Ct.rL:.-ti.., (!.:;L;i ,L+t: d u, I^ JS j,: 4t)e\_ jl -, la; d.:-l o,_l J-l ilr .J:*l .l.ru pirt-l oJ3r, d o* [,rri]uotr", ',;121 3,:.u;.-f.l5; rr ,r;1;b irL, t )*t/ etJ nblau,, 3, .r_l + gui it,,; 2r .rr5 l+ l,
.-'15rt' .r_r"-.r =r- &_, ul + s,{-,.rltL;t F-, .sl+!,,i r, 6l r.tr:L .r!j .r, ef <ru;i n i_212 taJ ,uSF.t ,.:* | ,rJ,.li &r rslr+ -K-r.rl.nilr r c*l oarL ;;le ,_r;l,rr5 ;rb.3t; 6 .r:..l .c*l \e-p t \:.t JL ,^ + t- -Ul; ).15c*l ;,5- f--" p'r", ,+6,.r : rt.r ,!_., ,L:L-,- .r-;,*1,r,
,.s_6-r* ,slt L;; ilr o,l Jt".- .l l-l .s2. :S \ l;btaur !11.1
.c-.1 iLi ,.r;L; af .r5- * J,-" (.-r".l.r,i ilr ;r 6 .__l
1t aS t;r"iu. ,t-:- ,9t -,.t t tP t;*l 7r ,F ,C- Sll; 6 L:;rrl.i ;;t .t __5.f (maison) a.; Li r, .u; lr! ._-.r.o
ne-; L;-n ;i r, lra ,.:* I +i[i,Jl .<maison, +J ,f lr- e-*l*. tilri .t: a5 c .l .:-, . a_l S L;_rS u. !ra, t. S_t:"_-rS a;l5 r, l;;1 a5,.-*l JL Lr.r"a lg_r; ly .(maisonD +_6 r;t-
'S ,f j ,.;* I l_, gi t- xtr. ,"aL t-l gi -r,_l; .l:J 2 .;t,:2-..*.," .9i.6-;rlr ..-_f t ,.==.+ g; ta.ri.rS.r. Ji .,-.j ! .sril1.2t aS ,t_6rr rslt lr (maison) ;;le tx;i.r,_-,1ljK, ..r-;.2b
.i:l I J: 14132-a ,tu .t-l ;l ;r_2. .nr;115 r .:-..1 .c L;-
r".-.: +.'|.f ;i ,l ;L; -h.:. r .{.5 dl,_ 6,- ;lj -LL-rl 6 ,-r.2,..uJl .c .l JKi- JlSrJ irli * ,613.;,r.jl drl+^-.: ,gl2 .1ls.slotlr: c*l ,r*r: '{l) 6)kl i;12 E *-J u- lrKri tri i
\YJ-;
6+.it
oU;t+rl
lrl" *5lr t ,tur*li ;l .z-. s ,rl_Yr,l ,rf'_ d.r ,.u.-t,"si"..,,lr ! U s:lt) ;Ll) a5 .:- I g,_l ,-r j a "1r,,_l ,F "\, t.l+t, ! - p*J t-i ,_f '6 ,' ^t jlJ - "-lc
J*rt ;!, ,:r,_
:2;r, ;\ lt $-1.l jlr 2., i-r- .5 .rl.r:1.--, r+b ;i ! L .tl:,e5 iro;*. ,)S'25 12 a5 c*l aa;,-!lr g,-I .r,7[ J] Cc.*:--.u
",Le.r.;!{ a}l-t t .J.l- Cl, -2r l-oa..I5;l .,.;"1t t ,91*! ",t' ,t2l rt. "Ur$ ;l \;2. 1. ;-"; e lF,r^;
.gLrc u* I bulr { .:*; ;L:..t:.Sl.e -,7.: eb_l l( {rf aB.s3-u. s\S 4$ ,r(;...r .L;l .rLo rE, -,U11 ,rrt( ,r-L
lL { j,rL1--r .l .r9l 2 uSi .! .o 6 sislr-.'l:S y.'|*- l+i ;l ,p I - rs.,Jl;3.gQL. .slu; (\).,.', s!'..
'1. C. Ogden and l.A. Richatds,The Meaning ol Meaning (London, Kegan Paul,Trench, Trubner, 1923); (8the rev. ed.iNewYork: Harcourt, Brace, 1946);(New York: Harvest Book, 1960).
\Yl dl,j jlr.rl ;r+ .\ Y
6 le rs*l ,\p 21 2 '7- tettt) t---+)) 0. ;-i t lJ ,-L;
c-.'3!- ,4- Ji; ;l.;)t-i I Fl L.-i .,- |
.+S.r J- ;!-';ly'lel;
iUl'.\'-i *.-- n ,L-),&, vK v. L;r;r .- I--z-L
)-.5 .r.
cL- Jl .;,;1".-;,li ,li.r- ,rp_.,$, s nrr-, 6,\a,;12 - J 6r)r)c.+Q,-,U a--.;.' A. 3 ut aJ .r-b q ,JiJ;l -=Clt.i,-yl ;l ,r*r"r!* .t.:*l G.J ,gly.t ';iS -ul; r_,71.r .,.; lr>
-P :r ..,,-1.<.;l >- lg ;1r"b ,t-5 rf s -u-;,r, a:L ;L.o a,
jlri-;,l )u-t .-S u;l; sl;u; cJat t <Jl csV- r tt 4 qt lt l, b.rl.e ;,,_br ,o-J n 4i * .S .;S u, .t1d l.t
-r,-r.r"ll- .Ki :-5 t-..e.."a ,--.,;lr> 4t:,.:*l uL ;g1:
"6- .{r.-* | A. -,;lr- 4t )stl r5 .r=-., a.r l; }l; r
:.Ur,r,. f.lrl
I .r:t ,{1.+-_r
q Jbijf .Lr-t -h a. t-t ,s.b €lra.JlF jl;, L_ r.l:l r}.il ^Lr 6 c*l 6,_l l- rt-kj I .r:5.,, jj- l, ;r1; l.r9-_! r:Jl .n-r,_lrrj .-*r utr-, 2 olJr;Ll5 .iL i,
;tr.r -.,, .-r5.,- jL .d,-.,,a # o\; -z 6h;l l-.1 tr..;11
!141.l "p .c*tr.;11 d,,_l ., 6U^. cst ot)s' J"; E
uy' tlr'j.: dJ4lit tvl
t ;.,|;iin.2r ;L:Jrf .,ti;Vl;+i' I-l :!E ,f--, .9t*1;t;
..1L,r, ,.rr! ,rLil.nr:f -l, ,r,--rJJlr ,r:.5,r" JriJ lr ,'-*KUJ lur:" g-l r'r\v-r e 63,igtt StSlrr> 4y-l ;,, rrxr:r;,r" .ili lUoili lU 6,-lr.u7--t: ^. ,t-lt\:c;l ,',,rxJ I
;U .;-;r \ Gh rS ql"*l sJ i*l oK- +Jl ,'*€.:*l u-2.1 t t--5 rr 6)n elt .r: ,,p[..p;',-l ,r2b ,r..aL-
,S t *J ,,1-5, Sl: .t* \ l; .ri trJ.. ,U-l f * .c*l ,ra,- r5
!s) lc e-La! o..11;: ;i+"s ,-:..). l.Jl9 a5 .u5s,.r-l€
....,l.5 ;r "!r;lr\ol ;ilry 4-l ;l 6,;-;) )V
2s g-3L.j c.,Lj! :c--s!l; : &-E 1t * L;"- 2 '.;f,e-rS ,fW )qJl) f.llt Mlo* l# Jr !-r" eL-j+
L,r,as.s.: L-)IJS o. )t.a, 6J;4i..;l .-ui ,'r(g;'r)'- \lf '
t i:--..t | )-+t b dr+.,h 5 - | ,,-r-b t ,::3 ;L ;r'-; ,'jlll !l+ plc ;)!).> - -rili .S., J- ,1.{:; ;.,,'-l ,S u. ;tlS
.r1lr,r,
u-l .$rrrGi .r-.q p./";t ;-i.- I lt ;-,1:;3 $-!,r,- 6t "--' I -l,cl, r; .gr[i:; I -,L-]Ly.r, V .)S .' 74
J21 s9b11l-: .r=.1; ;l+! .'r;! !rrl.- lli.t Jl
e5,.:*l .grli: I ;t-r.L; ;r"-l
4-l t ur--1; +.
itt .s .r*t o,t
)ur- )uisI r-l;;l u..$ ;ltl ;;
2. The Divin€ is rightly so called
3. Divine is really divins4. Kuri Riezler, Physic and Reality: Lecturcs ol Atistotle on the Modern Physic
atan lntenationa! Cotgless ofScionce,6Z9 Olympiad, Cambtidge,1 0
.c*l .rt *lLJ; ijl+l li ll.)rri -U5 t-l il .5 ckJl J''
\A\ Jl,j jl,.rl 6+& .\ Y
r d*f q- r, l1 a-r: d.
.r*l O,_ I o, Jii .-r"_[ r"{r.r- l_,, S: .t b;, ;:a, r,{t r;i".j l, r-.2r 0. ,.r:*. -r:.tl,',i,".t1., t:*r.al, . Jl E
.tl: gby ;L;,l7 <:r-r /<1f t cs6,:l: cJJ a, l.1 ;i
S -t L, ;73;.irl .r,_L .-r.rL; c.*.; ,1K-, +.J rr A.tj t rt E 1,, rS-l j .*...,rl" a), &_? .gLo>l-i,e;
n? + It t+i .1t5.r C-t- g-WStl i);;- * l1 ,,'S*l ,)'s rs€.;;s , ,r; )); d"";)y-y.r,rix Lsqit<-rp+t €i €li.t '=-rJ ;t-t ,: ilrt;Ulcl + t$i rrrr,aL_ + "tr,,r.:^cL a5 c*l .;e l;; .-Ll . l .911b tpl lr.-
.-r:5 .r>tt t nrr-r2 <r1! r, 66,;12 u.V 6V a,:-ur.r, r,.l.r I Ju;_;
u)lf ;--_)) "l; L+ I ;t I s,_r;u. 2,,1 .s "K;*, ;, L
Jt $ ,s$-' y., -1 ,r* I4l -11 .ri-.r, *1 5-5.- o-ji-.914.16**, ,2: .;---i u*lj ,r : $ )r) rorr: o1J, a-l
,-rar - ,-bl i-u, , c.
. \ '.i,V)a ) a)l)> D -lAU I {J I
.-\!.)(J, a:.*j J.-(* I
uy' o\;: sJ'-ilil tA'
l-l .r.;l: )t4 .4 ,jt-..:j I ,:;l.r-rL- g--F ,Sl-t
:rr.r,. r"lrl \9t .Se 1L- I.,;[L- L-.;tJi:.;l .;lL rL-_,
.Ju_lorj d-r ,..(-l 1 .:-_;r! .!j- .r ...
., l, L rUil ;,U.. .5 p# -* 1tl; l, o,-l ;L JJ.,l .,jr
el i.r..i!o i, 6 Srf Crr; lrr 62 ,c*l jii t\+ b-t,!lr .:.-- L U-j&' t .:*l .rJ .-iL l-.7 ;L;l r,-r? pit.c*l r,iJ .-r,-rU I ':r5 ot lr; c*l;Ljl r1; $ l-1 6ra
jj- ., ;y' .r--1..r,--, .r-Jc c-ii- r, E;-l ;l t'-;';LJ-;p l-, ;U.'1jl c*: g--.--ol ..r-l.g ;*r;$.-l 3 j*e..rl,
,-$.- I .1 c*r,lL- .ii- 6r+ 5,'rl, J1p 4 1.2 6,_l .,'1b
r a. ,): ,,,.._jL* l_,, .4 .rUl.;;!: !rl+ "".L 'i- rli.'J
1f-_ l, : .^.-, - ;.;- I " :.r,_i,r. ra- -jij- J j*;lj
Jl L G;A ! .rr5 : r 4 8,:*l ;;2.2 Ll .-r,;b,r.
)l tlis. ;;j;- .c*l(c:dlsr pN r 61 \ "+trS e<yL :;L;L_1 .1.: ,r:* l, .r;l.-a ,-r.;! _21r1_5,-r1 .9.1-; cJ,.:- L.;,]>.j: oL1:_ ..r-,::L -( rr;;l.el L. ,p c*l j<- -Lo) ar'_l
,91-t P : c r.!1. ,.sl:. r^ I L;i ,l :-1r-l- c tla;rL;
;:!lJ J,-l .+-J.f j:" ;Jl3 ;i ., ,r)l) ;;.r- r-l* |
;,- c*l .gL.Ll, .rl .+L.r. ,r- , Jt,S d,. J.L + L-r, ; ;il; ;,-l . oro lt ,:l 2 u1l 2 L; rur, ,.:--L;.glr;b! )t + d! ,-5- I + '; e ;-l ;3;- d*rala-
.r-21: l-(;l
\ A? i,Lt j j{+rl iJ.rir . \ f
rt r+lrg- L-;..r.rr,r.6Li ! e-.;, 0' LJ iJlJ..J lJli, .-. *rl: e5.ulr.r. Ll .;* | .+lr ,i.:^i- .rr'^r^,:
.r ld_r<" J^5- I
9 c*r"o!- .r( , :'lr,.rr l^; r5 c*l o'.1 J;.) )J,.,,r.r|-tQ ,iLl e l- :. ..u.-.r ..,Lj I .r.,t ,'r;l{rfu,{*I
.+e-i J-;* c,LL--l
,P tl ,t-*;b-rb 3 re- r-2r 1l ,.r*1 ,;;l 1 l.6l;l ....
c-,ilr el r:^*r *Al:- t+l ,+,5 Jlj- Ll I JL'l r L.:.-!:--, 4> 6 -r;lrg L- L;i ..r,:-a;,:- l";* l+i .* ,.r*_
,:ly.r ,py ki "#l-r
.:.....i 11 a, S Sg _-L.-I rl
+ .r"&. i- lr 2 VJ .r9'V.2 r;: izL ;r L,_5e1 lX; I Jl;.I
;r );:6-s u.rlf L.> ,4-rJ .91-ol L:;
dju tt 6 A-) .rL.r; ,r^(- .* -h-j ai ,,,.J"
r:- .)Ss. e_tl & + )f .)-& -2r :; .l ai--u I g-,U-.r$Uli:-;l j; \r, Jl ,l ."_rrt S-J- ,"
t* \ 8 ,:J.,lS "uL- ,rSt-; rf )^at;l l, y'-c. "f,ll-
-r,_Lr )l- I :,Js" Lgrl+g ,lt t* 2 f;'; zr- ;l sl2lj.+ ! ,L-, {rr * ..,;o. )211 31; ;lL;*:;l';l u!--
..:. .l ..r-l .g.t[-1 ,rJ l-rc,r, ..*-t ,S: a, .r,-[iLc ;,-l erlr.-I; rJr +-6 ei re g,- I &.)u-t;rl:.;, L: -- -b +L ort5 +-l ! ort :rg 6-,- r+b ^. ir* d,:.r cll
:r-9,;s.orl)L+-ri*i,
ty' ;:1.i : .'J.;l.rjt t 'rr
.t!..*. r .ri.ii .-,Ulijl ) ,:S; ns*t I e-3".r1, ,L-;
-iU al)Je.J, )-, 6tf t F-, Ui ..!jJ,r. .rl: .i.1L
t* \lt.t t 1' ;l;El )os-+- us-to r, .(L ,.I:;.; ;liJL,,i;trLi rLl.i j; t uf 5!)ue; 6l;u.1-i, el-r-;l "g[.:J.t..ji ), J.3.-|, c*jp!- .5 fSs, ,J.t- I .S.r. .-rla
u.5 + l.t.- ,lJl- L--; .-\.;l.rr orb eLi ,J.jl L*..4;lll,r. .r1- .K;, ,& ,lvJ.*:"
,-LS.,, .rL.i; I ,;L;l .K*, a, l.;-.2 Li-l 1:
6;i! u*-r
'" S;-l ;2"-:*l y-l .:21o. ;* )l dJ) E, J-.Jlt e) tl \r.
.gta; Lr l .2 ;l.uLi g;.1
.d* | .+"r" elll.r, ,rf'-;; ;-o t r"l.J'; {,J I 'at rr--+ Krl
"'- Jt J:
:'r.t:,r'' f'l:l Lr.,
,-r .r(;..U, ;!biL:; dr: .JL.Ui F
"{,-e .+-; $ 1V .,' 1.2 p..,f 1 'r 1..i-.2' 12
ls,1l2 i7.' t t*./ t) r;r;*) .iti! 45 ; L:-l ;r,.fl; ,fY ^S l; oo;-o.
"9b.,,; Ll ;lK--;i t::Jo" lt-1'l
(Jl.r!r9 ,-.,:t ,;*l -L'L .sE -,!*r .ra)(,. ir*,- e t +<"r-, ;;K ! .iJ g-r-J -r;l;; trLr-) lLiL -;r l.; Lr-
lt# ur )ta' tF t .J!)rt L e, L* -i1.. -L.-- I
,r^ile .r-L-.-l<r3, 6 ,E lt )st-t> o,i5 t'1 U- .t)) r^liJl .c*l I.+ .gl.oci6 ;l ar r:* u-| .-rlrs. s*r U + ,rJ
{ilrl J:-4' r5 c*l :1.,1i ;*l; ,:Jr .slr;,s J-rl L-; s-fl-r eJq +ytl (VY i-*r-a ..7r) -u,
g*)
\ A0 ;1"_; j{+r I ;+ir . \ I
5. Ernest Nagel6. Joumal of Philosophy, 37 (gaol, pp 438-439.
l.; oliS )t s-b+ el, )' & ; ;11 af c*l ;r,,_t ;.,:L;-, \ri\4 - -,- ! .rl ut.2:L;- *-1o. -k + 6 - r:5s. JL
..:* I .1.,,;.; I
,f*..r, vl:f jl (o)J.<U .- ;rl .6 l-, JC & l*, ._,1+l
s 4tr dr-.l; + 4,*l .g br-r.L;r .o,;S )F c*l .r;.ei
a$z,-,.,,....1 sa;:4 6t^;t +t+r+qrklL; s uG tV-nt- pf 11; i ;.;!r-' ;:S ;* L c;l. ztJul nl;ra sl;o.
)* cr. )l ts;J ;:\-- [ l) J.;_r ,rl5U ,.:-;r l ..r.:-
-LL:- I ,flL # irl- 'L-2 6. .t_e{. c .l; -r,_L; .,r,5,r"
A 'jc rliiil rL r, tt 41 1l l, ,l{;9 ;:\) ).-_t 3 SrrJ. t'U{..... s;- uf;, ,,_1V; _1t ^t ,lr
l{<j) a:t ,s-lrr*,_1.; i.2!-1r ;tr)tll ;l;,r"..,-:,_,, d,r:r +.r5rr; ** jj,e- u,22i ell ! .+ .; Li-,ra ,.[ L a; ,19 _2: ]s -:.-., l. l,
irl - J<U LVt-l & - J-;) ),hr -r,_b r..,5 ,l;:i .+1.,,
,flr'r t tLt,ss p*. 6r_l r, l, lf-.;.< -r,_! ;!2 r5..r,;L1
,91,;12 8 d:-l .,;:- 6, r-)s/,! * .*S .,U* L r 1., l2
J.- ,i p rSrr, *. I l- o,;12 c.--aV 2L(;l nr-r .r:.;L
.n!j jq.ol ir," )l 6ll-:r; i d--J \S -* U-l .5,_/
uy' ou): dJ'jlil \AY
! t- -r--i,r- .t: Jyt Jfu * 'U+, S ,l) ;..-J,rl"++ .,i,l ) b- Jl ."j u, ,.t -'V .,/ "Lr ;
l;.5- ,..r-!-,, crbl; L:;
.ru;!_2 ',=i.2, ):, .gV t9t ! *, ,i ,.uU g,-l tai
^:-- Jr t*l aiJ: tt:- 6 , rW g;"t:t.9.r1., ;i --+"
.r.:.1! Lr)r .gtr.rl.r;l .rr1 115 I 6 f-&. rl.r -.11 ,.:* I ,-$..-.
Jt .c;13 r*r.2 ;l .;[5.215 ;r*' + .,,-! l-, u_l .{ L_ -'ja ule';,-l -r,_! L..rj J.j.l lr! r*., ji l[;l r, :21: orlj;15 g,-l .u;-roV 612 b bV Jl +Jl .F5.Fjr p!;l;l .1..r 1.2 \-.;J-,r:;r ojJ .r lrr KLt ,.rLr!_, '* ,rtt 6,1 '; - u2it
Jl |.-l :c*l .=*UU # ;t, a5 c^-; u1-,; ,g-t .tS \F -,,, L- .:-er etr- .,. g[.U -.1r .r-.e,- ;LL.-l ,lyl .2L-l;+ U .de.)to:-l JJ JU jl d ,*l oarL ,7*\ ,rt.6q*elJ,j I prl,i. r!-lr\ ,{' r.--U.'.. ,r-;L ;L;i ,-91-n.;1.1
.t;Klt u .;,t l; ;l2lri't, I,t/*i- (p ri-:-;l) .Jlil I ,r"ti .5 c*l t:*;: j 4-l
*; ." iJ l; u-l Ul .r; s,,-r,-rU ! ,r-.lra .rle. qgba.r,--r,- 6... t(--U,i -2r l-2 ,.11.l.2l5 .r.L- ,r- U;e-..-- ) ;:; cr Ltt tScs Ir+ -*, .15.,. &llL v-S-t f.: y-, l-2 t-urrL- ,-rnr.r, gljl-^-=,! + ,g J--' nu:i--) .'* : 'r2\n S-t c ./.Su\ .f.F*.-rJr. ..uL; l, ,rbt' *; u!:$1 ,"e.1u.
;-){c oL-;-r;.: ,j r, drl .,f : :-ft tf l.;, uK s-r,, 6;L#e ,J .il-'- ,-gla;.e; L ef l-2 ,rilr Ll ,.r:rb ,rilu*,,s.9-" .$ S -S -* r-! e.' ,,- I ,l al--*r ..*l rJ. ;l o,.-,4
:-lr. +! y'"c d .:*l )tJ'i; o,l )u-t t-bt Jl **t e-n
JlUl .'r. &ly ,,ss ! ,,l:,.r. .rfi .-u-rU lz la; -rl utt )"t\
lY .-to'l
t.bi rk;L
L;i rl .c-iU jul( 5 "2 ool-'.g\alK*, dlelrl st-- r-J,:^
\rJ..;'**-r. kl
.J,,*ltl ,.Ssl:. L+t
.t I lrb ii-$ p{- .:"-q. jl 6 d-r+;> +*-u.o .-Ia-;!-r!-rr .,. ,-Slf
" > .pl: u-V ii){r .,i ,, ;4 l;; A G,nu..' ,.t-l ,,t ;3 ulE ffu "i ,l +Jl s "t L*s, ,tl.grL_, ;,r, ,Slt lt * r5 c*l ;*, a-l ,l,tf -:;:- ,5;n
.;*I r:^:: b Jri-L.t 1.2 L c-,- ,_r- l Jrl il": 1r t,.-*L5.2r rJc*.
o,_ I c:",.1
,--1lu ..r1-r-- al-_ra ,r-Ll ,Q : ,Lj - t.ai .K-, Jri-,-t, ,s _(Jl t, (f--E j .ria , uol-_1 L.;:-a .r){r I .r,J.r,,t;S u. b3;tt.;; l: r, l-) L -,etii LUt ;r- e, L ,t' u;;;lsi;tt )'. l; r,--t:.o er O'-l O- i"li Jl .dn ir:* t uS ;*I .'-1, {Jij ,r-t ) rg .}-lL- ;;!;r Gt) ;r-a ,4 !,,'
'P:sl4 '*te9;1.,r. rJl .g_rlr_* uol-1 Lx-x \-J.at L. Jrl +_l:
\1\ .r$l , l:. Jo)a; lrr->r, ,lal \l
.r:S,g est_y^.-!rL-'6. J-; U r ., iJG ;r- . o, L-r,,- ,:- ": ..1.6 ,L).; ..- ,, d+, ,l.i+ Lra, Ol .S ,::.ts.t -p,'1 l- ol-. ,r:.i,- C;t), d 1l .rl;-,.1 j ., -brLi ,,_tL r, :r5.r. dJ {- };r 1 2r,.a., 4l Ll _ lzl: e;B; j; t5
6la_1jL. l; 22la:6,1 .::15 .; I or,_ b eL_l-;l, 63 a-r.: $- t $i, ,st-* 3 t.5 rr -5, Ll .c;|.t,r. L ;12.; pt L_2:
Jl "S,r ol ,-;l - ;Ke r s.:nauschauung .ri + 6aPi L ;=+^r 4,,F r." ! q, r; lr.r--u.r ;r, c-l;
.,.:*l ci -r .9lrl, iLt5 e':.r drd I .r_:: r:;l! rrn ei ,tlJ ;;-_l r, ,c_;lS ,;lsr-:. .tl ,r5, ,.lL .2r
6l;n urK- .<-r,:L r-l b !;- iwi e[ ;l ,.* .ul;;!.i er .-5.r. )r.4 )p g.o3 2r l2 ai,!J" o,l l.>J .>_13-11
rzl.r el,(.| J,l; JL .r-S.r C- l, _&_*,L;, ,:J,_.2: 6 gzbe5 c*l ,r4._-r, tr5 C- l, -3-* ,: ,s,&-r.gL 1r er ;,,1 ri.tr\r. J), ) j)p,.1.r. Jyl 6tl.i,-
.iL;: jl o'. ,:,;:l_y6-
.;LJl; i-," t_ -L.i 9 S t-.su. k + *r, >t tS o,_trUb * l'*- .2r e ';rl-, rt t ;t:-.,i .2: $) ,*l .!;;;.ltlll: )t.o | -r,_[ L_ e 1.7 b ,l ;; ik rL, ,JI-r- [_ (Jr.;.r.l2 .r*-r,:,r ;rL ; li.- o,_l ;i< s, c;6 .r::L !;:-. ;Lz
|;i Ju;L \q.
;L2 L- .r( .:*hll f l+ Jt .i^4,.--r .2r .erL-; pttl gl
t-uo ts+yb-r J,.l 4-t.r.lr or; JJr. .t r- I .r*tr|r ':llr n+- r';- - *r-Ll io:ot J -rol jl U L;.i Cl-'- | - -+Sll) .,-Ll ,-r; .tP 6 ,r+,; r.b;rl o,l r) d lrli-). J" I'j
+-l ..r5.r 6-l ,ki2 U-j.^'-r. \ o-l-r.9\.nlK,;, .;;'r; ;rt;.rr 6t,e- u., .Vl ,-os;.t ,l-J l;i;, ;.r--l ;l ,6 t--l
';:*t;K;l;;K;,9;13. LrL; ,Sy:. J-l ,rr*l ,tr:'J*l tl 6-J--l O--l ..:*l .-L: ,L Lr..aL-; f 5)) ?t tp; a5 ..;ll;,J.t i;-. y 6,1;l +'d€6! Jfu sl ," l1 ucab3"
;L-o;r L l: dI t.;ii -r }; 4,1ll zlr.r L J aS,P :L; t L
Jr; jr) .c*l ,s -,1:. L \ t :tK./ P ;l 6 ; I te-en aa-i..a
+-;lr ;! 7:;- M e 3 ;l:u. ts'lr ,;t: I,t ,* aL,- c:1\ .-r* lJ
";3 ; j;til U r5 )t s+-)r uV4\ urt-, S.t ,-t,.-)t kl 4l i;!.2r .E Jr- ,F eJ*l ,-re --l; + /Xr + l.t ,-*t) &. ,"* J.l !; dry \-* li - t dJrt)l;^S ,S*y J..l a-l l;lS€ 4 +,-f*-r. ,Pl 4)l ,s,)\-. .*rrr -b r .rL ,-.r.Jil f-t scer J+ol t-V.5 -ut ,.51*o"ie.5 i-* I ;,,(- ,1* ,,-l el r;)r -ri:4. ,L lr.-!,
.,/ Ut
r.l-t 6-'Cn, )r.al;l ;11
2l ,911e. L); C*y J-l 6E-l .s lr, ,stV .*fucr 3tl4>l-2 -rl uza ;*9 *.1 .'1,"r. t f-; uce>3" ) r,.1
:.J;r .-r-: rJ.r, .L=*l qji a5;l:,r, ,;2r.1 .x* i,Ul o,- I
.9la- L5 tL,r ,f .r.r ;Ll ,K ..,L; ;i -.7, JLqUFI .qr-l
\ 1l u- ! 6)lJ. L); 'atrb', Jal .\y
.l* e-b jl ! +J:l Jt-l tl g_;::- *;rtJ.9lr,,r,_L 6L- I
.; r lJ r3--..1 ;L ,..1:_r:* I 6[jJ*r .rrl rK 1e5; '.1.r; 4-e ,"iL;.e_,6" +r+ ,j!;,J"f(.rl Je;i :.. .-ut i.-r:r L ,..u; j_r ,slt .r_i K .g 19 .;_r .91;br! !..-r,h 1r Ll ,._;l-, -rS s _ ..,. L(,_ ;yr,..*-. ! k- ;_J, ,9e1 ,gltLi .)")|fu ,2, 4r+ dr: S r,_rrrst ut-\r4o- d l,U.ij :.u;^...o .r,_Uer ,-9 l.i:-- jl bi- ,^_ cs:t u,L; \ ,L;r) L++ e .r licr. .,_r,_L- a- .91( . ;rl ;*l lli ;<--, ;Lt ),._,1 .-+ f:-1. eS t-l ,l Ll ,; ;"t 4t2t ,;.; l, L .r!l, ;i -*l j+ ,'; u* 4tl,r- l.e .9 [.6:_-,3,-3. jJ; ,, l, $;,., !; .,rL Jr c;.:.{i f" r-:: g,_ I ,, .-rlr.pk.l"d di- 4 i^ :f--' ;l;i.-. ..4i ! ,'t; + eL_ ;* .^*1 e el)"-rr L; aJ 5,,* ,. .Ll"i ir:t ,-t_b; Lt- , * j ,i; ,.K-, j,V,rr" .JLj r-, .F- ;,1 .11:;L; .-*; ;t- 4 + ,,-_ua rJrr.;[-aL:;l dJ ,lS .-r_,*r )) A u-, ,]., .r* ,s+y ,b;\S;l ,9r\r" LE .5n.
"l..o | _,-r,* ,r,lcrl .914;1.; l .r;L.-
,5- - t a5.glal.el J-l I ,aL -,, ,k,!1 g,_ 1 ,l el ra .-u;
.!.r J*-" ,sqr- .-.it:. otJel .f ,-r" J j,-l a,L ;l 2 ,,kl -,' A
'y. .tt L.'gr_e Lr ,-r,-L J! ;*t i(- 16 _r_'
i.41 aS te ,9113" LL- ,.se y.s^ J-l jLa F- ,f_ 4)-L"l;9 u. l; :;
Jt- I t *l J.'l^ a5 ;- ,S*:. J-l rl .gla;r- e-[-
rL i:, " L; ^-,;'- A,_)tJl:c*l g*A ,g;l_r" LrL; gr-r,
{LU dI * L ,l M }Ui 6:-r n+ti ,ri.! ,*r^ M ,pu;"t"J \-\f "[,; ;r ;r,_ L-;*- c*l
'!; * u .K-i ,iL
(-.ai rtil- \1Y
:J.2.r u* ,-b + 1., 14,-l s:-5a ; l) .l+! ^t-
lr\ ,:lr.rr, l;.:;[5 e-->- &*J15;l r .:^; 1;'J 1-- I t K!-l Fis,6liJt 5 t;.r. ,/- ut,o...i-[- .,,-l r, ,5 ,.:; bl1 1i^- ,1-l
., c-L d,,-t { q!- .,.-1,-/. el;; .h cr-l t ir+ .c;b '!.5
jlri-llr ;.2 5,-.r1 ier; .1.2t ,91r, lJ 6!li tr 1'rt' .:l-l .,i
Jl ;t-u;; t-t dt_ | ..5 .rL5 e)ir .r/ ,l,lyl -,1.r e-r:.r i, .:*;..r-rlr l; !j dr-t JL f +. ,-u:2 ,rlt t, J? l, ;l5 rl;i a.o
9 ;l u;a l- cuJ rr ^.)-r- c)\S I ,l ;L::,-t-r.b.; ,,(il
* ' ^ .r1ll *-:r.-o L1 or.2.1i a-rlrr c; 15 3 tt ;!';t1rJ c-l .--.r:.o .rLl -r .rL ,g*.1, .r-U- [4;1l I t:j o.
,f:oy J:-l.ri"- ..rL '}-Li- +.1 ;l ':f J; Wi r ;lr.r-
.{--, L_L;"i,., r,- oJ; Cl-'- l,ri,-ti- {;.rJ r I'ri 1;.,,,1--r:.A
r;;lji 6" AS,rj:e -r,i;r. ;Ul-r*;L-;21 .b.'. fX 6 r-!b,r*l ,_**:. Jr-l t_L ;l 12 6;le. L-$; ,S*-r ,kl
.gri "9141.r.;l
a "fu 6V;.ri 1r at.:*.1 r;i4 6r,l;r -L 5:;
el; ,;tL- i45t .et"r;-, ,.r--b .r[-qtl .91" .t;lr4 I :4t g-to ,* { uals ,rul J-tt )t 5-.2",5 ,9;} n ,'11l.
"t ,J,l( jl .r. tr!- .iJ-J,rr &* ,J)-; + ,u;.> gtSat- C,+: i-k 611 u*s1 ^S t, ,;:rS bj p; ')^1 .tt olt, ;;;- ,;;L-* )71 ;l I c,-U:*l r siL; )16 CUj:-lJh, 'S et S.t-l ;iJ tlj ,:.j-) .tt ,Sn 'r[irl -o{l Ll ,iU L;-_Vl e/l6,_i )S ,$ e1.r. I eJ -ri larl; L -r,_.r--
Yrl .5 ,r J,-l .,*Ll 19; .4, ,.5;2r> 'IJJ!- ,t4t';, Lt,L-r. .r* -,, !U: ,J 6! ,J"lt Jr L .u,r, l.l b21*,
\10 u-r:lil ,SJly J,-b '..c*r, J4l .\t
. Y_\ r JS-:
L l2;tf o.-.r e "rr,r,
rl,ril u,r,rF ;jlJl 4 l) a p'lir- .rl"-$i Jrt .tt ,*, .C.t Jo. e f t, .,Ll\;t e: ,:;5 c gpa*! )), $l 2b J)' t r_! fr- C, 3 ur,l -h + u-r,C*:. J-t o,-tU Jl .c*l al ,,. dL'J d.l:. \ 15.,;. *.
.r_\ r J<i
cf*:. J.l €lt./,4 ,..pj {- al "- .5t+.l:- !-,L,r l;+. l; ,j.l 4-l :e; 7-11:2 tq- | Ll :-5 ,-Vl 12,.9;l;- L);t ,5 ." .t+nl .; ;:;- .,.-;l.r,r. &:-e S-&." ;_ p,jol l_ ,s _rly L;Lt ,sej-r" J.l apJ;K { ,:* Clro;Jul ;t-, tS + d.'.,iU lr c,L,e,.,L:; ,;i Jrl,- u**-r16 ., L ; I Jrl-. 6-rle;r jJi 1r d,,l dly yL tre*:,_p 6 )-.1 gL.r .:*.2r G.,- *s)l* L); _r*_r. Jol u,t
l-.ai JU;L \lf
.\-\r J6-:
.f.a I d,,-l .-*l L;l M LV i-r c"[ iLU a el ;r r5 o.u: orl.>
.il; r oUel .r.nK ,-r,_[;.r. t*t cp t-I + A l: eso:.\rtror. slr l d,l .:l tsl, 6 olr:,5 i,sp &; &
,rS lt ul Jt ,, L;l, .8r'r ,S + ,i,./ 621e. LrL;
9.,; .u liuL ..'rrs, d-1U ,9;lr. L$; C'-t J-l ,dC*y J-l;.re,.-*l-.7 cr*l'&)F o*1.;,rj 4-l i-'--o
..,1, .rLi ;l;; ;l ):W uter J.cl l- 6J, LE,9;lt LrLt ,?*:, J-l )tV 6 6f--'.+t :. J-llfL ,-;- ,.-*:-:. J-l .riL G-i 2) '". :.-V J: ,c*l.;lsl .-9l1lr d .r$ JK.rl ef ;:*l .ft o,-l .-u:;L; .r+-*
r,L:;;L, l; Ji 1r >{- .rt! r,L::. .-*l oS- ,J:ill-
;|9;,, .r:^:;! - 't- pu;l e,92l- s;L-1.e.1 g;l2b a5;b.r'
621- b:c ;:".; e a':b'c--; L .-*l .91L- a:b ;, : l-\Y
b,c 7)\>l ! l, rdJ J*. l.sl t$ "?j
t:C;*: I ,*l
2 .9 e\- 6l-12;.gl;b e5 rzl> t-*s G t3.tl ;J; U-i .f,5 a'
.+ et- !-r.-La,b ,c 7)al ! d."*b (a',b',t) L)'bl,s -,_) l.t t3-:t e:Il. ,..o1;.r. t-S ,.fj .t-tu^ -b + ue-t.l;;6 ,,-l .L;t ;c1-., J cJ- pt'; I s.l2 2: u;c\)l .S --jt-r
L
.r.:.-.r "+-til .l 1E;f ;Li r, or; orl: ;Ll Y-\Y .lil 1, r5 .rF.i ,;tll,r
\lV !r"!jl ,sjly L&'&).br. J,-1 .\Y
t. Carl Friedrich Gauss
I ,.*i I r rr j* lll , .r,::-..r
oi 6 t*rrr -b + sr1-;L;i;L; 67i "..13. 4_l
.,'l+-!r -r.:.i .,;,J 6ile r: .-r_r,r- * l_, Jl- ;,_l g) -,1*;L-l l 2r .r-:ii lr,, cr*"*li li-; ltl {"6i-) LJIL t rr--..+dl,_ rl .l rKi_l 1 ,.1le.r, ;_eJl L .-r,r3, J)* ut-_Wr t,;trl .--t:;. ;;Kt, l, ;Lt -l dr*." dr_l ;,[, . t(;-.,;l .1-.,lt tsLso dVt steor, &l .K.*) 4 + .=t !.tU:.2 2. t:f1 t ,; J:* ;;o ,;r9* l, 3i I ,*yui ,iJ,-l 'Ki-, a,i .riL 6rl' ir!,r t4,- ,(L ,r[,li Jt"---.I.Jl -.K ;r- Ll .*5.r. c..-, ,i ,1,.,:r-- eln".tlJ: C*y,:1,- 2, reL,! r ,t+i .Slr "r, .-r:? ,_r_l er;r .ri ;Ll.,r;[__.,Lr 4, ,+.L sL- , P-r. ! re ,-ir l,i ,.r-.u^ olSi-,
l#' + . -D J.;- 4 t, ry jrl,; ,r--uo .K-, ;.r rre-- 1.,1
Ji .l(Jy .rrJ; uil dtr,, AV-- il*,, l, r,*,ur .rt, G
;r.:!r.r ;Fl $ il)l.tr ,5 r:;; b,r. u,-V! u-_ta ,_lV l;)':,, ,,;erl .rt+u-!_, pa,t 1 .;i.t-ai jt t{j I 2 b;- -.u
)-rt ,* ) 6)n e:. 6Vi l- 6r- 6V; l- r9;)a; ,9V;jl F- ,,'.-rK ;i.-.ttS J26 .c--+lr.r. 4t L-i I L--
,)tl et:y ;s ult4L-, ,y-J.tr. -t-V e 3.22. rUl.r*;!,6i 1 ,rf -u- jl ^ L.u,. ,t<r-, .:[ JtS *. ,.;;r. 6 :2 uS.r.,ri l, ;i !
"51r- )..1 ,6;tr" L); ,*r.r. J.-l aV +r5 .rl{.1-; ;r e{ ,-i L_.r- ;rUi ;t eL,..r .1: V l, 7r>, ;,1,,_l .2: ,g2.:J I r. l-1 ;l blr\/ d,r, rei ;l;er ;l ;f,_ + tS:
t-bi Jli;L \ qt
5--' ,;nt J r'al ;l uli,:- ,5;13" LtL; ,**:' J'\ S
.-Fl ,t' CU;;-l Jr.al;l ,l ;l;,.r- D ,j4l u-l .,;-I o.r^LIl; .5 -2i5 ,'t--.;
I "9r-.,,-U3K-r ^S J-\^,)l;: rrr JL .9t",)f
;jJ J"-;.-,"a.c-l ;.;- -^; ,gla,\lJ ;L;l;l ,.r5,r. l.rl
Cr-.- 1 Jl.lt, 4:l ,.rs r+ jl 6- ;i t- a-l t-J n 6 tl ;--:-Ll ..'l-'.rL; Cl.'.. I .ii ); ,;/LJ- rsVG f , L ;l;,r,,c*l6L::-l;r Jl sr; -.t lr .sj:" dr-{UCbl j;n ';t(-.-.t.,,--.o- 16 6-- I ;l c*l oi- ,+r- e-r t\ 6* ,St*
oS- ..-+ 6i;:- I .g7--r,!;lil ;Ll iJ"r- * ;,-l Ll ,.r'-'r5
;L-f; .. 5* , -N ;*lt - 6 ,r^1, ! ,e f--" u";; t-*l.i .-^ ! I -La, o-.\ ! .J ,*. l) CU;-l !,-l .,F r+;J-- I J)\-!:- I (JJll J)t .-\- l .;'!t ,rj+- -.e, .,)i-(; I
.r.i .;, ," ,9;lr, L); utt r.,1+[-) .-UL-J-- u;e# )l F- JJ ;,1 Jl3c ;el5LV ;l $;- 6;13" L3L;- .* *:. J-l J\ ttl ,u';e ;SJ.-\ P\- eS l1 ,9l,2lJ ;l;.r, ,; I ;l*l ,?t-t J -r-lt ,r.iL!,tlj 1lr;., artil .-,r* ,$! ,g;lt LtL; uc.;",,JL; ,-e[,.-J .l,r,ji ! .'; J-.1 ,t-\ u$-V ,-9_' Jr-lI .rJ:Ult .9 Lo+*.u-o lL .: .s-u-',+ ,-f *:^ kl dt{-^Kj-,
". ! .5 slLtr.gL-L;! e *-. -t .gQrK;., J-t .ul ,:zs
I Ui I ; l;,r, t-i : -i;-; ,.r.il- -,,-tt i-rK. -urKrLL ;L;l\ s .--3 .;v.^ ,trlu, "rj! 4 jl ;;;) t 6h a)r.l-r.- r[";U 't L- o4-S; :,alt; u, 6,;lS Jt; .i2L;zi :;; .2L;L 'sl--f
S (*o.;t-tr l-, Ui r-li a5;- l
1. Nikolai Lobachevski 2, Georg Friedrich Ri€mann 2. Boeolians 3. Boeotia
U.i )ttL \ qA
rt:,s. at r.ll ;l d ,rJL gL-15 r 6.ur o6!-:6,-l .;l r.U
.:.21.r; 6ti ,11 1t';l + .91.r;)lc E 8c nVl e4J u. g;*c-l oS-, o.fil;.t-go. (,',lr,t-F Jt+.+ r ,l+ jltr .rr?Jt-l i<- .*- .bg-t:r { g-.rl ,+-ri .rUr,- ), '6 -r;:L Jil,.Jlris,, !-r+ a)L,ol .r, b i:,rL" d,,-l .'l.:;,; c-l lj5 mL-31
\f J..i
,.gba...r:l
(fr$lu
dfy ,L.l ,i-_F-4 sl54 3 gr>r. ,_lal g9 ea:-2 .1:
.t-S cSf ,r lis. .iJ l; c{-: r) J) -rj; ,-.r.,8I ,rll L}t,rb .&iJ ,!,-;l 3lr:u- t^)-a,L-2:.r5 ;i5:;.r, .\
.t+tr|) .r/ f*j,)Jl) )lrt /,J- 51 2,6 6 J,-, L; 6|r(.4{;6,.r t;,4_ l{r dJ,r.
.. L;: ol )l ,,1r,,, Ja;' .j! jl & s 6 ,F!r .y
Jt S 4",-rlr;) ..r^.:! s)l,r F :22. L; L i--r 6.r;12-rf(.:11 -ul; c.,_l+.rr k,l rl-r,,- -r^5 sl; Li .4_;l
,s-t) bl+U).lr .-r-r-U I J',1 ,.iJ U- J.l d:lei ..t;Ul .-'l-r=>Lr; l.t sts: s or,r(--LUjJ LttS+Lr:.r yr O,_l \-\f .-|('.: J9-r-'.2r ;J ,grt ,w6V-2 ;2..t -Sfl AL:; L- ;lorb zlj ,r-rlil L.r,:.o ,J) 2:.1: lJ .,-.rlilu
Cy t;-je 2 .s';so. dr. + td<+ Cr-b 'rf +J )..}4-l
.p-L I 1.: ..r;r-; :l*r .5t{..ri td<.:- ;l u.26 2p' gl';12'-:
J iL Jl 6 .:;l:.r. 6; .c.rb P r lt ,.;..J; t ;l-t.slrrf 4\,-: 12 61 n--&. ,V-.r-.r.I;ll'; L'r:r
aa .g--rl4 rt.l + 1.,, ,il-r LE Get>t Jzl u Jl6_3 I, Jl;- cr-l + t-t" :F5 oT cr-F-t+ tltctt 's*b errka .91{l i -2: c-l -t-.,r--
:Jot-r+ e-rL ,IL u-jti )l
€lr ,et.t J.-;U I 4.ri.r
o+
,:L_ 2. te -' L- , 6,.:rl, rl.tru | ,r-4li I L.r,.,o _.7, .gl.-u:S 3. Johann Bolyai 4. Rob€rto Bonola 5. Max Jammer
Y.\ s,-+JilU g;br-,u .\Y
,5-;t. .rJ ;ts.pl .+K ,.V.rt{j-,? ..:*l .'.* L virsL- .:*l -;r-e-;- ;!,.[i; + Ltr tl Jl d ,.:-i .;-L .i*l.! :-ri.6rs. )lj c,.',,. :;3" |;6*_):61 oi c*l gu + Ltt.f-l( t >\-L S c*l .rl$ \,Ut .l;1;l ,.ri_ c,,_l JL /
.tsllr,.u. Lt &Ji ;?r[-2r .-5 .t.(; ett+;l ,r-4lJlL L.u.r 1r cr_ | t +!.,JrJja i*.r.,r uI 4 u-t 6l-L- I 2r d .,r9,-; trJ Lu5 .r!, Lf ,, .e;*l
-lx,'.,1 6;lr. L); J;.; ,tc,_r!a.rzlJ r_1-.1 \|al 6,_;le. LrL; ,c*l j2r,. .9 )a:. Lsa +y_j,_.11i | ,.re .-ur l,.; ,9;1. L);
"t I ,.f .g la.*-ur rr--.e
J-^.'1"+" S lf rr -b ,'1, J- ,,,1, 41 6, g; lra tc*lJ-u;,,_l .1lr 6_,j {.1, Ji ! 4 ,i^-a \s--b: L_ra.:1,_
,t-l ."*,r. E:; ,; A_ gL;t Gn ^S
. .l ,srJ L-)) .-ai-.. ;-1, LrL; :r,-sl:.;.u. a;.- ,\ 4\- | 6)f C._-S t-b \. -l;y;tr "rb ,-.:l^; ,S iJt.gt-o.r,_b I LilL.r,r^ r.' ; LJrl..- 5 ,r!rb ,,r- +L;lt, L_lu 1.2r S ,:-f rf,r- | ;r I t tl .l-aa x"j> L*. -LeL;-r ',-;. l, 4L: s* {jl1.' g- .iloU ,tj"EJ st y $ $;* ;*1, LrL; ! c_-i-r.l"iu er ,- ;L-U a;,\;rs ,,; "\- &,;n ,L Jr.r> .*ht;a--J-c ,--12: .r);o ',11' ,r1, ,l ;*l .;+ ,.,;L- -t; t_
o-jt )l I alui-a ! "J *lji; ,11 e I r.,- " <-r1_ta.:.,..;
crUL. d.,:.j ,.-lrkJl,r ^; 2lr;-l L-;..ro1.r. ; ., ". 4Ka
..r;.--o .,,_Lu I
-u-;:r.-e lr,--:- I t I b .)l {Jl.; -t e.r y_\f "$*; _2.,
Lai r(tl
..U9t :..r-.r=!I l$ [ .nL- e{-- J., J) .'r.sr:-! r) U.l );b'-
t-tt Lj a)\:.a\lt; 7'.+'
.:L "-r.t',b'
-g!, oo < t800 <o
t ao.
0 >t80" >o
.\-\ f Js,.,
,:J ;* \AYO JL yr 1..7 .;[-'rl5 a5 ,,r<-i"tJ,,iL-,b- ;l+-!-, ! ,it;- U-F t t'L'- 1.2 re- Lr:'r
.i.lf ,:e, af ,;:'.;+, JL ^- l.s ;.215 5 ,,',.r,-!r .-'br-
a -51 .- Ju;S t- JL a--*r )i.I' 1) dL---) L- '#+ .-r! u-l .,7: d;rqr d;t+ [:t ,+.;! .r:^D{t .f+Ijlu g;[x*r:'r
Ui;r ,F- S 7*, St+ -rrlr,.r 61b:.e-.e.,^-t(t oUrtt\jy e,as.t,r,-!Ql 6l..rpL-..1 );-t; 'S c.*l.e+rtlilU a-"t"r
f; .c*l :Jl- r!* etil-t ,j<* r, aJ[L 3-' o',-l J.l;lF
,.r-V +\S '13); ;l l.,-+lU L'ra ,J 4V 4* {,ruzV .r2lS 4 c.,- r, ri.Ji -.1r L;ei I 'r*ril c -*.-rl 7 r5[- .r'''-o-u; ,.::L \CIA JL .,, -r! oJrl 15 aLi5-lr ;b rJo + c*l6r;; A--?j,r-$f ;U + JU) tQ) i;diul;c t'-,.i;l 1
Jl- vu .-r,-.ru^ilp eJl:.- r, ,-:--.j ,r^,-..rL oll'r,-r 2l Jt .c*l.eL-;.r _;r t t^i ,go*'-p g-tL- :t-.ai forb fL ., ,o,r'.E
il--l .rr; -2lS +. ,g12. u;cri' ;r,-l 119 o:b 1q;l aj,;l:,;l
Y.l s-{5lu gbr-.r:r.\f
..l;L .rb pt+,| lr,*_L_r| Li drl Gl, .rrt5LrL; ,*.J;i jl i.)L rr"li ,iL;i ,S ,,1 6,-l .!2:d,*l o<- tlrg;l;- p
". 5 J_b.c I ,rLl ,c*l dJtr.
,9,\12; r5j,;lst Lt .-r.i, -&-:6-_+.Jr,,r!ir. _r.:.' r) L;;L-.i;r r, .c*l ,-_j,615-l I bi )l j*6 i.--b .2.r e,rl ,d,-
\4. U dU r,:lj r, ! Jlr. dt j ,Sl-lt) f:.+. ,r*al;l,"J.. .91-!; t .+. ,rs-+!, ,r!n L-r,r;r .c-_l r.-..2.,
j:l F tr-l .rL-.r ,9A Lra-;.: ..:*l r.-. -1r \A.;l y'.c .l e-..2.r \A.
..11
,-f9-: J: lJ NAB i*. ,, .-,; ;Li + ,,; & cf_ ..rlJ_r..
.r.rkJl, : , j, ,_tt*b ._,rU" rl cJi d,,_l :-,,,_J.K. .7.b..7r y_\f
Ortt, .r- lrr tr .r; le-.1-r 1' u,"l;-l t-2,2 2>.1;,r, "f,9,:.-
l-ry|
dr_l .JL-; e.L; L_el;;f dl;t ! .,r1.+*, lrr \A. 6.+ 1.Sr e ,* t2 ;lr$1. ; -: .51 ."*.s r.-.2r \A. )t ,r_r 6.+.ebr_.pl;.,11 oL_ f .r.5 & l, 5_5._.r.JU r_y! ,r! -,,r L- _.rr-u l; r.-.,;r YV. ,cU 4rl, u 7.r+.
't q,; I r.-.,,, 1. cJi.rt
d. f', rrlra,_r lj 7r+. ,s j,'lsl fi 2: u.2lS r5 4b.r.,."-Lr l gle s: 6t 6 d*l !^-r;r t -u lF : oe. u4a: ,,_Ls-
.21 .rl: ,.L;l .JUi r, .r5 eli r* c=\i ! .r-j ..,.1=L r, .reb! t* ,:I eJq+ ,rl+ 6 ,-y- rt uK .r, jsti; ,l(.al, ,r;11lp.fr .rJ..,l;:.;l .-r;r;O o.,,_, o-; ri ,gt.: sl 6 ,r$ )E 2:utll. i* l-.. Jr ;Yt :-l L_-h ;rt.r,-26 1 0.2!.2r .r.+. .str.r6
t-.ai Jb;l- I'l
.i-\ f Js-:
J ), L; t, U-l ,5,:tr- g.1-,1 Ll :Ju-!L d;jlr" t' ! ,f:- L;,J 4;tt .s:.d.r "p* 4 ! .,.:+ .-ti 2r 6t u""'o i JLI6b.y-l.r ";"-
,n,qi:..- ,r.;r e-6. h.t- .f:i:..- t; r: dt J- b--l .2, ,-" .-rJ3 & t, F-r<,- e('r;11'r; .,-r-.1 .5lrJ'c
:ea1 ,g;le. L),t bi 2: e5 g l.'-.Lo 2l g-.tl' .t 2a' ,it.L\.-uJlJ
(>.-- b\-A jl dr,+"! bltrl b.r-+lU L-ul 1'>
ol5.r-1, .,11 e* + i-k U-l .rb 1*.. ,a.CJ'- 'r1'- .9t-11,
-S ,)tl trtK .;*l c -.^-rl jL ,t.5 rti;L c.l' e)J;.,--;a .)-; r;li \r^ V; d* 6rJ t+' +^{j rS rt
uaaa pt..r5 rt<.!i ,c*l ;l iu;S g--r'5 1.2 c5|e-r:r
bt+ -5.-.--" ..r--ii l3r. 'U!-r ,r*rUtU 6Lu,l;o a5 ,.---rb
e:V -.-$ )) rs-.ul lS ,^iS blt.? dP,.tt{.--t'jl.r11. gt(.| it e-l.t tSs ot j r) {t ,r-l5'-.a.; ;i-l g;Ic 'c*l
Y.0 s-lilU !rbr'-.!a . \ f
.r-.:-? ;rL.-! c+ o7,r$ l, 115 ,;,_ | ;L-r; rf; 6-+ JL ;, ,.1r. ef s...a o;$s-1K r gl2 ;: u=a.at:-;l e 421 ,a "J + n-\ lrVr-rGr tt-r+* L .iil-).el -,J-;L+lr+,, g;rL-; j}:;l -rll^ rl .5r;y ;ri- YxA ,,-f tgi.,1;i I l) tl'lV
"l- 19;31; 'ltsl Jl i.t .c;t, ; t;,r-.ril i-" o5!" ,r.i -r"l; )_r., + .pL,t jtStr.,g3 eV-tS it; + Ljr, ."-lr- ;r"J -b r, ! l, hlr+) ,/t o.; el ,-Ll ./. t ,:J -, L.- ,-s5.1." o-Y:lr
.-i,_ l,r. e*-: r lY I l\' ,"? J-Ld- ,,.r. rn G-)J, ,*-f 4t^ , otlK ;,,-V ), ;l+ Ul .+*,,.r k d J.,-r- rJ;Jt- !jl-r.;t a, .r--i:r j*:r;
';-.. ;|5 .l.:t .t+i ,.,1- o, I t:ju^.t-( rrLL, o.--r:^
-tt I,s tg t:. .Pt )* \r- G-J;ae.,l'ot,-'l --l'i L -- e( -r, r9
,9 j,;|sl ..l;1 r li.,^; F-'r*,,r;r,_l ,<ar1,r,r,r ,_|.;)tJl r-;-S jL;' t- C-r. .9lt 4j - .:^l- 4 .sL_l:j Lr-+-)-6 - Lr.+. J_' -rl=l- ;li. 3:j l+ ; Ji:. .: .Sli ..-s_,r
L* e* -S lj ;r;l L ,-u.:*; l;,r, a^-u .t:-t,,c -h t Jr-I,#, ;*- 1 .-u:! .+_,, \A. -r. L p> .i <5 .r:-:- .,.^.rJgl
l; ;l ,KL ,tf; ,:;:- l, ";-:*Lri L;; 1, nr\! ,4*u, ui94'j
!1L;-' p.e l-r" ;!*-r- JL;-, 4 J'a2 4-l ! .i;l-*,r- , );ar--uu r"l 6,- l a-r; ;L;l-r,-;L_, )l ,s)\...,.f+l"lL g;i-.+*-u-n
:e; .r5,r, a)- \t ,l,n 1:-, y -.-s. ,.g l,oa- -r.:o ;,1 ,5
i)+ 6t ;\k )-r,rl-i: , t' - d,,-l I d_U t-t o.16
L:i ,LtL Y.f
,5;; 19 j,;ltl c*-lt,r, li o!.2l rjrs' )["'i + Fl,'-'
J*:,r L .':..;t i+frlJl g,l :-r,.; tl,* t # r.o;l Ix-111
,t) ,-ff .5lt-t:e-rru ;-,*; ,-,l-r.rLi .r-l C-U g=(; U ;rr.rt
U-;,}-.:.,- l-1i J) s ,,-tD ," .rlil ,jtJi... .:;lt \r,
JJtt '9r, ;l ,Kl -i ;*-- l-l to+-.21, ui 1e^+- zlrii,j--,.sU; ;,_l :-,5,*L- l, J* .9tLi ;;l;.r.,6-b,l; JLj-l 6 ,.s-,_b \ ,cr$V )r) r dli! ,l c*l ;lLorl . Jry *,l- JLj-l L ;*l .9.eL- ojL ;r ;*;r.rl.rl Fl,' e J. L!
;+J aa 1 .'1, ;9.; I l; ,.;_Lri ,t_l ,r-sK aS t1* u, *K .;irlrii'. /, ,,<J" ,.-*=;
,,_l .r;lr j)L;l .rl ! ,ry J* .st.L- ;;! J-lr :r S ,rsS
,) \A. e*,r JL:; r,_.11, u (:a+- I
-u[ ,r-.r*ti ll; Jl t ,*t.r+[l ! l.;! 5 -r,o-,.r. lLr q+.;*ta.j,;l*l J-.rU; il ;3 t A-; )\: I or'l);l
;r* ,*\rst -i,_r-? .,lii.ii,r ;l S tblntS -51 G-.ts <r.# Lr" ,s\6 ,riLil o,- I :r;- ,:lJ 1Fl lr ,r-1L;i6
'.e1 uJ gJrl iJ- oeS ^*l de s-u; ,-rt -t (-;l.r*-u,o ,;[:;-L <4 _tz' ct-;;t \ :.xr*r1,:3> )l lJ ,r,)G I Jlj- d/"1
L. lt ut-.tt;,_l i;_-u I )Lj ,l+ lr5 \j" J;S 6)n + Ui
J-V ,1.,n -;tl5 -r:; L )K O,- l ilJ 1r .rl.:,rj .1.,2 r-5,- g.li
.:i.6 rJ )t4 .r:-)G, b .. Jy.'t t A^)' A \ Y :-r-h.-:, -,! .r"r^t .1lr :3o-..e L-er r-lc r-^.:;.A eL- 2 ;, ,S g--lL l+r, 0O [- 0Y r-r ; -[i,l unK ]2 ,dt ,rr 'Ulo ,er.;st lt
.^*rr r[L L eio -, L- lr C-tr .rl ,,Ktr .-,,-i.,, ;*,
.l .-' 6 t-l);l"r=;L-; .rrs JS l; c.-..4 L ji.^ .'? J"zV- ;*l d,,_l .';L.i J-t ,,t_t* S 6 -"* r, jLj oe1el .,.76 P.E B. Jourdain
Y.V s-+5lu ,Jba"rr . \ f
,gLbi 2: 3 ,*n.,-Li r )r 6r-5 Jr. u1J r,.; | ..t ;l ;-S ,rlr.a J )t +.J,1, ,r"- t *. -.*. .t!,J t 9-l"i n5 ,ur,r. ., L:; c.,:.j & , l, .91 ., l: y_\ f .-fg,*;..rylr c^L lL ;r.n, L)ta _,7r sglo-r, b t Jfu O,-l .c*l 5i iS,cstJ Ju & "
E crl ;:t.._^..: ca L;6r;;7b 1L;ANa ;L5 ;i p 2 t:*l NB ;L5 ;L.r .y_b 1L; .r,7[; llr.r L
6,. ,ACB Jri .rt" + .r-_ b 6,1 L,-- .:, , ef -; b,r, .c*l,c*t ACB b .r! ,l jj\L ANB;L5 1' t,.;i rl .;*lCft , ( stV) i.^i.o .1: oy-l: Fl eua r, .r,1, t--.. .:-;
.i_\ f J(:
u,S,.".r' c*.2: Jt-/? ,r<Ji LiJ .gL;li ;r r5 r"l 6,_l er_rt-_Lr j l"i 1 .r,-1, u-L_ t--.. ;, , :c*i orL ; l.r"; .c*l.)l) e,.:L; -K, J- .il, .:lJr l_2;i ;t; r_Lt .-u:t, e. tl j:-ttSlt ,.tl:, t* (.:*l 'r.l o.rl: ,r L:; f-\ f J6,! -,: r5) l1 J_r.. 6,-l,r.* .9r '. ,g|'VL - "t .tS u,F-""!, i";v nL
";.-N;^iu. ;l u:; .r l_r k-- r(.l., _ .:^- ,rr f5 ,r(.-; trl .5_r-r5.:*l ,rl(; q & Jr. ;,,_l .c*t ..,t;- |
"LU .,(*i3!,p",6 A; e : )t3 C :c* I +[i .d, e .r.;b c-.rLr,jg 2, a,l.k ucl: -u_l-) r.;l.r:5.-. j p 4.r{ r+. l_., CL O.,_l S C- .c-t J:.-;t rl L.ur -;*J r, i.;
.s! s. jl y' -r,_tq
Lhi Jl;;l l.t
JS r. c.*; ..9 * ,6,h ':.;:-s ,il-t 6)r.) r,? 94 pkJl+rr..r,-1.r",,L1 + .* ts\'a; rii;L iL:,.-
r.r.*, .r--r,Jilb .gl-tr-ru ,;t\ 4* ;,i;tt aS:.-l 6'lr.
,$t-,.v-$.r -b r, 1.,'S & i.''r*'' 'l-,b 6;5'.s-.\d_ .r- )U;L ; :J-,,r.,,, d c*l
't- [;-. Jr. 6.,1 .g--r,-r 6
.-91...ai ;l L:-l L, Jir) .tS s. d.S L 1 .r l.-, egVi .1: a.,).e
Cr-r*..t <jL-1 .-gL:.i ) ..,.2l=c .i:-l ,9A..s[5 "Ln ./!-,(.r.r .ul; u-rri+. I :rl> 61u4* pi$
jl ,+ l.r ,; &. t ct!.r l'^;'n *;; L- r.2 ...r lr. -r,-!
,,SLbi 2: 6la.-i.a , & Lt y j df ,,-.aJj .:;jzS ,;l:;l
,'-S 4 str -tF .<JL , ,t)l) .ljLi.li c.! t.e; "r!.r
,Li; 5, 2, +;=... - r-Jr 1-19: - r:....s n. LE..c,-.rr..r ef
2, g,-l .*-rK F -l:,,l.6Jl. ; ^: ,ri .tsn P 1., f--5.-Ju ..tSrr $ ..,. r* .Jd.,,, 4 r JLi .l- .2' ,-n It J--'S--
u:+ cd,- \ l: :i d r.2l: ,.:^L lL jl ,) aiz U 'U-;, ;r L
-2: 1.2 .,. 1i2 , JIJ ..1- 't.i ;l ,-Ll;- Lli S ,'; C* 'i
!-! Fg .-Li:l J.r, l) ,; G.\; Jl .{ '2't-- ;}et
)Jz 2t L-; ;L-t i^;'- ,Stt t M p ^S ".tlt &:F
d,;t;57 L;*l .ilL ,-.:if P )' ln "B + *1 ,-Lo uI )r p -L; cl,- .l.teg t Gl-1 t-Lo .st ,Li:
.r, L-1 6;t-:.i .2: 6;t - LE b.Jrl & ;L.n r c;5;L
.i)s I .-r; lc-- .J,-lr .,1,- ti-.. *; Le .u l.r.oLi Jel eL- q5l..7lr
1*r;^ e .j ..,1 .,i5 ;L . U, iUr-r .; L ,.1 ,',,1 r,r-i)- er \r_ - J- t- J
Y. t ,r-$ilU .3ba..r.r .\ f
;l uJ J* cJ,_.r,_Lr .1b fN ,-f +;;:;2 ;r,-lrl!r-|r- CL6L-11;7r.a- 3 +:,.t J-r..6,1 ;..roLi ! ,+q .+) C!* ar-l
.0-\ f J(j
o2_l-: +> rr ul .{rt e )l C!* J_t 6,r) o;u;5-2,-9bort.l
;;+. | ,t ! --.; cr-l .-i):: I ,-u;[ ]r" {.y_l ,sts
'+.; c,f .a:+ ,riu r.r ,r,- af a-^; _;-.a;ln ;r,_ I ..:9;;.r"
;4ji--.2 .:* I .s-rJil ;-i.- eL_ rr ,l 1L:, +. ,2_lt ,,A,_ L.a-
-.:-; .rl ;r 5 ,,r- dllL .9 [r--i:.n ,jri, l+. jl J ,r.l 0,-l
u:ag ,;*l ,,t- )l ;S L j.tt e ,* ;-Li ". ,J', L"-.)t- 6-
il .4_ _rn;r ,"* ilU .t r .r--,r=b I az ,rJ.L- ;.a.aL;i; ,i 1, Ct- (!tl:,'*;l ;rl..r;br ,,L r. -i;,b.grr_rtii.;L:,-t[iL
-t UU i..r 2r aS i*l u;,:;, -L-; o,_ | .glrb .r(; [rJ Lror l-r-,- ..:-* I c- L; , ;.; t,i.o .9L-;l ,l r,l ,^";v, jr-lrL .r!- Ir eL_ -,n: c*l ;tl4;.,, ,5--^" !, ..o1:;- 6tor--ur;;lll ;lrL .'l .)F.r, e&J- -.*l j* 4;r-rc a5 - ;.[i
.u.r.r, eL;i .--un ;i _,2: l2 a..i-., .91::-la-;- i!
"91:'; I ;l Jlis- d ", ,fl,F -..*l o<-
.g L- t l_., ;i .r,_! rS .p c*\ .9141.1 rrL-;lr Ul .;;S Or-
Lai rli;'L Y'A
.p., t E)S ,lS s* ai r )Lz )l 3 (-,-.
.f_\ f Js-i
c ,F ,E ,D.c -uE J-i- ^S ,b c"- u"l
L ;la.;lll i-.-6 a5 lr t9,r..epr J-r..
..:J"- ri L;.,1 ! ; l.r.f r:1., c*lL 5--r" !,
Jfu u_j J4 .r-)6. )lS ,-') u,-l-2: D Li + ,.:13 ,.s.t.t
+.lt€
-tJ \ Co )'tu )))..t (0 -\f "$J; _2: AB ergl 163.71
,,- I ;r o7l.: ,4 # .-/t ,5-"" ! rJ ii-o -tr rL;L rl !.r..;-;- L;.c*l c iti "t-l, ;r" 4 ,f j 1r1l: .rl(l r7 J.u
! ..1-U e tuir t5 ,l B ;*l ,sl,1l' )- f.:.-V orrao
r;;---------------- .L orllr J-n )l lt,i .ra--! D ;L;i ), Jl .tS 15. t2s c
,r,l: f ,.;l 6 t*.c 4t2.E 'l;: b .rrb r.- ;t Jl :41-u.
3 u-t E dr,-l d d^-; JS-j- J,l 6,,-l :J;., .-r,-;l, ,li rY!4- ) ;A'l-b +! ,J--r!J g;15 1.' g;1.J.,1, ! .*l ;lL.:^ic .r." t r,i! co 1L; .,1.r+Ul i^j..o.2t )y- 1-lt
-r,_! (GcE 6L5 L- rco nLi) "'.J- a, or,_l: g,_ I L^- c-,;
:A 19;l ju.
J\
7. tractrix
Y\\ cr-+Ulu dba-u .\f
,f 4& J6i.,,.:*l ,Jr-.. )Lls S sJ- r-r,r tt_l
Jr 1r ..,;.>Ls L-i t, ,,sJ- !4^i Jr .d.-,-i Oh ,(t y;; l-
jl cF_U.,.i I .:-l o5^. .r(,_ .lrb U;l .j) eJ,_a ,,rl-l ca*;L .l-1b t-;l .*l .:{ + :, _.,n JL } r, Ll ,r.:t ;r* crF).:*:. l, U,.j | .5krt'; ,15+ "i + r-b d_jl 45..-.f d-'f:l+ ,r.L lr lrk t "J ,K
"i I ,&, ,-t) ;l l- ,1tr-,.,";" .r_l_,r Lt .r_e1 ul3- d^+ + 1L* er ,& ,+- J-S
..;-l ; J, +t;j 2 2r L,*; I ;;lJj 1,, ; q +- y,,r.,.,- "L-,r.;) orl: eL;.i J6i U_, J*. ! r5,lr.r(--;trJ L-ua
.J--.r!J 6Vi 9 ,sl;l 1 :tf oat;-. J;) dj?l + dlJ,(J.
_1: ,Li ,r !tL-,j I ;jlil r-ic 6,1 rl :;b r9.-. -9 u-L j* *c,5,!" vL J.r.. L a5,,jLr Llr .;*L:; ;l ;l glai.e/ -(_.,r,L_;
"gL;"i -t ,,Sltl t. ::;u, uzi.:;. r.b_l ,r; orL "+1^;
.2: .Li V JU-*;l i,)lil ,-rr ;i "9 rzb .r3-1 .r,oLi ;' . ,-^r
r, ,.u,1 gL;l t'..,,-bf k _l grrr" .*Ll^i ;i ;l ,51+,L.tti: i-.0 ,, [;;l ;;l.rl i,6L:ai
o,_ I 1l;lrl ,:I_ , ,6 Gi. J?_l
.d*l ..r{ a'.;,e )t'A , ,r-$l 6Liei;r ,.".or JU.i ,( ! lr U.'.jl ;jlilJl.st 2 K<-0,5-"i!J 6Lb; ;, ..-*l K=0 ;*l ;U ;_L';1€ry J:ol L-; ,,5:ts ,,,-rLi. 6,-l ..:* I K>o jW-.t AW;
,-_rtl ..L:;l ! .tf_, .rL; .gLoL:zi .5r;6a o.:? a-);5
F 7-rl.L ./tiji ! (,<--,r q, crlrLri I K 6,1, u;L; c,;..ir 2r .K )rl)L )lrL )l -E r- .u\,-1.-*) r, K SD j,)r u:.?d, ._r1
a.o 1Li ).tJ t_Laj iJ5 ..,<_+tJ d;bl,{-r:A J.o ..9t La.; qJl .,r;lrL- ,r(r I G6_t.91,oLai i.r
Lai rli;L- l\.
1L;, .,-,-;i,..,r .-*; r, rrL'il Lf, ,ri .,-r<-. t l) tl.i;
,5+ k- ;:;. ,; ;*l "ili. it ool; z1-l'' f'-::' ,r'''- <t'-;l
r4-.. V-j; u,..; L; .tL .Sl ..b :;r, )l'; ;r !; ;l ;l
.9,U-; .5[-;l .91;1, J'; U-l J\t*l 3ta ,;.-V;l Lk ,-!.c*l .Ur5 2 .rl 1L; ,r-[
"; l..r; I g.^. iLi; c1,-;. lr iL ,4- ,-9\:^; I ;lr;.r. r,t+
lt -5-& oLi; ,i 1., a5 l1 ;L- -!"i r: .sL;l l-r- I 'r --r<nt.n; gi 2, & ",).-l
.,\--rr ,'L t ,;<+ .1, ;'' I "J rti.gt-jl ;,t\.,k<+,-r-l S,5 .e.j,r orl'r;l'-u;L :l'u'l
o-^. l) L;l ;* 5-';i I .,,Li ;i 1, l.l .r.-L- t; e[-
,"r- J-V 'nr- + M ei .,,, l; & .9t-;t 't5;i r5,r'
,slt d,s.L--F G-l- L;- 1.' r,-l c,L..;l d'".. 2' uS"o
dr,-l dL-jl 6l;u, tb t-&,b;r l; f-\f S-:; tlS ';n,.r.*,- ,,r=L- !; .rL- a5 f..ir/ tii-S il$l c It; :' I e!-t-;.5 !L;r,(.5'K CL,,, Yt jl Jl) i*t -fu GCE e'i,-.,'..tc,- FCD ,r-S G-..rjL.r, +-;r f i,-.;l; ;i t .5 ;L.-2: l; Cl- 9.=. t 1fU qgLoL;l .r,- L- L- ,r 4rl c*l,rt,4.KJ Ct- t c,,:t-rl Jl ,;Jl .to"o;L:; c iL;r-;l r( c-; e# .b.tc -b .' .);u rco ,.t e,.-"t^- GCE
:-5 .-U;;l ;L l) lS I ,L"ra,- l; fl6 t d .K ,i + ,-,.?? J'V .f"tlr.r" j* l-, s-9-'e ;--;- l.2,ri- ,-'l:.,,lr.' .y'r., Jfu.r_j + .tldl '.jril
F-.1-,xR, r,^-- 1L:;r;.,-l ,-(r
;r .,<,- . J<- iJ) & g;11 "LL -Pr) .-rA).,, L ., C lLr.: 2r
ir,-l ose ,+- J-V.-*l s; ' 6 J--t t i..u',L-; I .9 ta'" L-
(J;' .Jjlor:.; ) rltc. L:i .rl";" i..n rt Jlr .rit3 t$ u. a_l ;l c.,-,-a -=# .sL+u
" t5r--; ;Url
s*L.-I t'1 L+i .*-5.r ";
l, ;Li.a ,til* arr,
;l uz+&lr-l-U[i-l
llr: I
g;!lr ,.l.r(a.,o .r!r "S
t-.ai , ,F-.t 1,! ,sl, .rS,r, ,,)+
l\t s-ljlu.gbr-.r:r .\f
ti1 s, ,r.S J)-u-l -, t:,_l r(-,_ I .st+* ;L_; ll.lr,.r:.:-..r .':,& L 6L:"i .1-t Jl.-.-i,a S ;*l ,tf .,a;5 o,_l- ",tl
Jl;- ,,u;...r ;K.ulr; .tJrr J-J r-r.:t t pl_f Jt5 o,_l
r, ,(,_, -r;rlr tj,.; I ril 1c,....,- o[-,i,a .gL;l ;l ,'L- s:Jn
t-ri Jl.iL Y\Y
.s.2t* f--t Lru .9 U-[5 r c*;
&l fxL a, trL,.;ln r5 c*l c-,-.rl iV ll U-l ra';si-.L- ,:L- !fr$l Jt '!'- CtL- r-r-r" -rr Qi -i}..J ,,+-. & p*.,it-l a'J + t,J .$,1 d;J-, cr-4jlU.rJJ.a ,t .;t ^S .2 Ji .rtL:,*:l '.,llslrr o:,Lc Ll '-u.-r
,--l i2!,1r l; u.-;;.r ilE fJ+L dt)r/ )S t g,--rJj ll;
J\-',.iz S g;,1j,t r, ,rrL:-.;lrr ;.111 a-..; ,tiv)6; ;'|l--)-a
,rJ,,ilr,r--r,:.lr,ta.: a5 c.* I ^+-r t; e-l tl ,"j12, l-.l.r*l$lU
t.s e, 2: 4-l:c*l .r-4L I ;J dI- .rS .rL" .,;L: ;^i- ,L-
i ,r*l z-S +; c\- t-L. t ;;J--l.j 6\2i .2: /,;-a )V;t\ + t sj.r t .r--i 1lt 4- -J."l ;l-r:,;; l: .; I drl,Jftl -.-
-2l5 g,-1,.r:;e ,:i .t: .t;E-u.,52u.3.-c 6l;-lJ lL ;t-;1.4;U-) -tn l) .--+lU .gLre--r'a df ,r-j-;
.r-+U ltj Lru rl 6,,1-'',1 5 .u rEi ;.9 rtS Jl5;l :srt'.r,.
)l l-t L:.:' ,-26 4l .f ortir-l ,:j,- ' "., : o4* L-p L:
.11 ,;'- .t.11\ d-f ttl; * t "j eE 'P". c'Vt"t t-J-
.r.r-Ai.1 .r,:* l;,r. pry .-u:, ".rU:-l .j..;.t ! ;k Ju.a; 6lt'' 6l
Lrts cr-l g-t :*, + .r-l::! ,tf u.;S r,' y-l' "'rl r5
;l o^S C-;b L+tS .11 -.1, .-ul u;.r; g-tar 15 l* ,Slt
O - ,* U-l .rr.K G' O't-- (.;.,;1.5L:til I <.;;. ,.-,l-.i-rr
,r;i,Su.41 \:i .r1 .r:;5 ,t$ t $';l';U -lJl.e; ;.,:i5
(U-jl ;jlil)) ;i 1 la.:1.4;L--.1 r5 - rzb 4-2 K 7V t t;J >
2: K 2ltL d/-l - +5fu cse3, c';V d/-l t l-! )t ,*--S a;l 4 S ..*l ,-l- t+-r+.i,!L s 1.r., .;r e c;. .r.:-.;j; .pl:
n.r3;.r. cJ,_g ,t-a 4 K ,rji- rl-rl e-y€ J)tr +)f
l.s 1tr" ,1;'.;- 66 ;l C;;K ;F- L, U-l t.;< -!L r-,i, t+i
.tl t6t3
"'Qb 6jli t-i.- d- oS eJ I L.:Ju..:-..^- ,r,r lj .rldi
t :r; )z- '*o 4l_* a,., e.i_,r; I fr Cr_ | .d.r. f-d,-L"+l ^-iF 1 qJtL c-_l -r li- ! tt(r*,ro-_l 5--" ,.t;u, 111-l <rL-rll ijle ;l Jl .s'Jn
.rEl;1rr. \lt ! ;rL- ).t5 .91";11 ,,; _rl5 + F" u-h )\lt c*14.1r .r_ *e u-lrE .---:r ,_gl'rL .2i5 ,;l-;L_1 _2r
r:* ;r,_ I ;;11 :!, JL 6*" 1: 1 ,1;s \12 d" l* r, nL;bre\_ + .rj.rcls ;i lrtK -* ! 1,, dy i;l.e .r,_L; e5 c*lt* J,, (.r.; F;) i-i- cL_ iJF f ,_l+ .r*+ft i^;--,;.-i 1l4ei1 ,r'^til )-,;- eL_ ;st rta.;; I ,r-rJilU i-.i."U:., Ji .!) c-[_ ;l orla; I ;*l s.i.a frt- Cr_l + KIr
iJ etrl .2\S + F hll e .; ) ,f-_,.:rl ;l ,-rl4 L a, L:;.
'J "L- -51 lr,;; ::r*u, u;t: t:t1; i.,;-. )t X;. + ,r*l.-r,_ lr Jr * -,rl"i ).15 ;l 6_;Li r ,Ft, .sL; uS u-l;t lt.7-r*. gL o,_l crl; ;l :u;u^ ); + fu ,S C!- ,r);l:;t
Y\O s-+$lU rr{r&J, .\f
.# !l;il .r* 4 L-.J6; ,slt.,r-['',1 e5
t-ai rttL Y\t
t, )l Jl .r;ll"V. uia j) p Vi e: 2t s: .J.u.-; d".-.at-r O,l
rl4 t l .--1; ui ,st.t t, )t jj { ,6; ,-';,- ". ;}j :.:t K.r-.1-1\ dJ + j; o' I '*'l ,g22L +t.b ulstsr l.,-;l .,11 S '# )Y * J,_! .d-iJ elll l1 ;l .g<La.; br
6L;.i ,-r t ;l ,l L ;* C U .s 6-f ,s * ,c' f:e.rzls ,r;.ol*l ,l lr+ .f-{il
oLlt l 1l .rl;-,..1,-r- .rl .,,;L ,r5 ,,s -9_t ,F :t r,-r I r, \i 8) ,p 2:+ )t ,y. )l l2;l 5l;u';Lir, I c*l.rir .': .,_r, L-t nrSl-_, j*.un, (g.:rt' .jL;l !L-.4i,tJ ,s-tx l-,, r1i ;.r- 1 +U .gL,;l tr Ll- rlr ;Jrl.rL-,.2 crLl L'+;l .,1i r, 5 .,r<-; !J .,t-i .SUi ;l gi;rl:1;.91y,./ro L_.b.r!.,, tor+ .-r';JIF jL_r L-u !,ri.c*l oi:.61 l. u-r-r.l-"I J<.; r e5 .l; -i "9U.;
I [ .gtrLa;i-tl gr>, t-.1 JK*l) .tf C,-tt oz or:i ))ritJ-.1 h + .rr-Ul stray Jr.l b;l 1.' e5 .r-+luctl-.Lai { t1)2,., ,J".1 .r.: t; ,g;le. L.rL; y-b ey_r."9.2t^; I :t^l -:l-r'.,-,eL_,; €p L"A;.: (.,.:*l cqU dt!"jl L
J:.4 r:1t6. -&_t iL;, t- gg lrLc rl li;l r.2lr" j--r -,1r e ,c*l.l5
,.t_,.-f n gr-.- tr,rr L_.2 L-.:,:.ol;l t+16_1j "rr.r.r-_ri .gLr+--u-o _2r r5 e*l ,91o4* Ll. ;i ;L:,7 J*
t ts t+ 4;Lu--r,a l, t+l 'rtr,l 15) ,ril,i?tl t j\tr.2lr, g,;.rL tr- ,-4JJl L-u^ 6,--.-,n r (.r:.1,r. lrJj,r
J-V 6* cr!-' Lr:n .[r+l ,,, .r)t" .Jl u,t-i.: .l
s,_t a.i 6L,r l.oEi drljl .,f.. .;*l .;;. Lrt:.',j I L Ltbt-ai
Y\V iy-l-',rl .r;1..,,1 -,2r o-,[l-;l-4 .\A
^; ,5 ,:JK o-s\S;12, .'j c'ty * Gir ,rVl :
.c-l .r-41;lU U"i ef -r.o.,,r" gl;; L.-l-r.rLi Jl +\- o--b
c9-r,--r+ i-9 |}:* *S J* l, .rrJdl 6'V,i sl;u,;l;l;i-;i
1,t+l ,,-rL' 7V2l ;-; S .l-6tr: 'uS ;3>
.$ -.:-1,:. IL-!iD ;f ,-r".1 1t5.i 6J"-r+ drJ lt t-\ -e )t
;,,1 e5 c*l ,-ct* .'J AV 6l;u.; rr i;l t1 lt 6-ti5 l2lr r!L; a, -r,) ..r:; lr; .$,f 3f .,*;;.- Jo; r, r'; I
.rt"d.. jl i ,.n:2 .,1-"j.2 q"J J, 3 ,ot3 ."I"' 6L; .,'-
.jlil jl !+ traLU lr,_, ,.r-.r. jK-- ,; L;l ;l KIr -"t+
,r:!. .9br-1! (*- 6 'pj " cS ,.26,;ly .str, 3.1i,)
"str r, ,-r.;L .:^ll: j)lil r-.;.r \A' ! Ly a-l;l 3.;i
i,J-l: *. o:LiJlrL O--l S f.!--& -;lr;,r, ,r-4I; I L-ro
tat )t 'rlrnl ,9\ t:;.t -4 dlt Jl .;*l ,; J:;2 6V;l.r-.rJil L.u .r5 ,l: ,,Wl ;l;u. ,st), 1: ' l.r -rl5 i/_l .C
.i! .,jti tr t9V t.
e" ei {rr ,l- 14 .t2 s*.rUlte3i .:J.2, g,-l
; .1)b .c*;lr Lt"l) bi 6l;u'.th 1c-a ,2Kla2*i,.
6; rl...o l+lr<,-id 'f ,*&",;16;12 ,j;; uaPi-r:.r .r-are/ C-. t t-ai I d'l ,92 .Ji5rr. ..,lii I lr
.r-lljltj .gLx--r:r jl j,rL ,L-l .rrt .r:;5 Ji; 6 ,-).);ld;r.rj t ur-!i-l!-l .r5 .,-+lb ;r=3,1, .rt5.2l .9e e;Jl .c-l
.r-+$ltj .rlol:.i l{r- )lL:--lrl ..- I .:ia .tfi ,J.r. ,l+':l6tzS Jt--l 1l Yl e :c;l: -b :t lt;lJ .9L,;l U ;.rL
.9to1riiu r.2l.p
L ,.- l, -r..1+
e-n- .,r
\0 J.-;
tlt. i o.1t5.i13,,,,
dt-t'i;'-il
.il3' e 6, '--lS j2 -r..'- ;lti--yp e 3lr,4>lu-t .,2K;l-2 g;p
g,-t-rl i-.1er )l J+ i;\ .5 pl' .i: U i;1.,2., ..5rL-1 g;t+l5
,l ,F- .rJ.rr!, u; L:"i ,r*-u,r rU;L ili- d ,Jj-L:' .':::L
i:r- l5 ;*l .r-Ll -r,-.r1 dr* ,'*, ,t" .trj!\ ttt a.3- .9i-o '-u-l
'(\)F:lrs. t;a2- 1.2;l i;L-2r "l'al
)U;L ,S $S JJ;l,l-rf'-ra tS ,fi c-;; .rK:Ir,,
qgL ,1 .11 er .1b .i)t3l ,r--u,l! I Ll-r ! Fl! ,-st-!;
Xr- + l-,.r+lrlL L.u .r,-! t I4i .c*l re. j" ia; l.r5';i
)l : t'4 l, .rr=El L,u.n L_.e s1,L .8-* .9V; 'a.;u* I .r..L pt-:l ,-rl; Lt :,1 t ebVl 6".. ,5 .g-r,-.q 6rlly6, j,;l.r;l .g lra ,g--r,-.' J+ .rtrl; -.2, a( ;3l;L^ ..u5 ..'ir:- I
c'QtS : & lN n. e : j\ ,t, ,rt-t tb f -lL .rl ;rLr, 'JI5jIr r-Lj \
.-\-.1 London :1905, (NewYork: Dover '1952 ) (Science and Hypothesis)
..-*l
o,-l
t'
Y \ q d/l- r'11 ,1! -p o.rK;lr1 .\ 0
,J &- so, U- J lr^i, 4 ,ss, 6 -";S .;JS ,;L:"-.ra 9 gLtfi: (t ;l o-L- ,.9e2 l-
r.,lj.,, k!-l .c*l J--o -.lls o,-l 6 ,1, g-\ l* AL-- Jl .sf el-';l l; ,;;-l-le; t -t:;L. uSu.,rl; d.Jli
\,j^- t 6 +.{, .url; .-ulL -;-+.t a>.)) \A' rl U1;
rlr;. JL.A [i";l sLr.1U -bltj i..r -r: Jl *tl"l;;-* 6l:.,:l.s.2': .2lS ,J cL-;l ,sr;. U- ,S & "
S .r!b,r. ,-rrlL c-iS .*i u-l .(c*l ,1;fi; c^",1 'r.; ! ;*l J.ts '/ K!l),Jaj 4_ ! L rJl.,.:*l J-i.,,.:-l 6tf sJ-Jk+ JsgiJr, 1- r.-.rlr3>..1,. of ,f-)l) )1, ,sJ- uO t ^S y:+A,J
';y |C -l-o Ll .,.,-l,.rt:.--l ,i .r.'-...,E 7!- Au: ^'-.acT.; t- d.[:, cl- ,.r! lr-, ,9 j,;lsl ! gr+ r, ,-'l:2-2t :ei 6;.,;lsl .r; l;,r, (.rF, ,-r.L g;t{+.5 t-) ,; J.i I .7-1, t9..fi ; ;, --rt3 o.,_trq ..r::5 t+ g!- ;i itir .,,r 2r l-2 t";lL,-r-r+ a- 6V; 6 r:5 cr+ ,gj,;lt:l ! I l-r,.r 3 'J,r1r L g;15 ,S { :t- Jt .,* L- c*l c; sk;l .sl;l.r
,rJ le .91-;l \ g tl oliu'.K!l ,r.21, ..71j ,;'!U ,l'i I ! ,r/ t{+
.,,:*L r5Jn 2\a2. ,:l"e-2^ p + Lai .rl ,::+ ,;i3 i- 6'u-lr-r -b \
8 tJ ..1t2: .y--;S ,:r-:t,-Jj, -!-q lr r"lL. o,-l
"ttr.! ! l2;l r,l{r\:. ult 3 tsn.i'.:S ,-9t, e>,-14-e.
."91;lr ;L:,.,U iLi: 9 .s' elll el_ at *- ,nj,-t.;l.r;l r;2 Pz ul'61-;;9:.,--,,1r9>.9,. 6,-l gL-.1:.-tL.-.r c-i ,-9L'; I ;Lnn-6,g A,.:*l ..r.c;'. h L_j:4Pr ;1.r9-_;j :xrls '-e-t
P.
.4- jl .r--:i...r #rs J";;i 2, ,-ril-";".n 2 el 3 ,,91a.--l;
Uai JttL l\A
dlt j? r.j .s)ljK. rK l, .rrJ6l tdlri_; .r5:b.r"
o.2K;13, .51, st g-l ,l ,: .lr; ',,*:l r -b lL-+l + L-r.t 6,-J l.+ .c-;: t.if,r. b r l, .r+Sl ;..rL ,lK:-r 6 "t +ydrl' ",11 \1\0 JL j) ,_r+ ,r+ JL -r" ,.*-.1: r5 c-!ilr5;.r. .rU:*l .f+ltj Lr:.o;l r( ls:3- o.3s c; L-p
}f 's-sx
'r5r. cIJ L t .r:r .d*l d- 11, : .215; ly Ji; ..:J..,r
1.2 ,j tJ r*lr-.*- .:r a+ jl :) ,9lr; ;,-t- ', rl,-|,-Yr l:^e2r-a, :Qr,ri: oL-L ,:lJ r, e; ,d ,-r, ua;;r* +.
6 6lL-2jl JJi.L o,_l cD .'*<r;;LL---7 g,_l r, .^lLtl ,l J+ d) .r-r+ ,6i-JT 3r; ol-li-r+ .r.Jr^ & ol-f,:*l;n;^l* & .j elr ",1;-
.l diJ..,l5 + .rl5;lr-
L;"! ,r*.r':.o JU;L rt a:J: l-r'is, c*2: ,_-:K e( s: sk;2-2-, l-2 ,3i. r) ,,q+ .4- ,J rl{rj*. 2l .; .l ov: 6li:-\: t'r , t- bi t s- tt-l a. 6ti 2: ;l;e-7' 6i r.' l5 -5$1. }.15;k+.r_l .Lrl i." t,-1"*y .t$n 4;, "\;l6,-e:l 1l ,& *;- ;rS 1f r iLil .s-r,-.e,,-l;e.'.e.
d_ & t SI &;z &-,.Ssr -t i tai_ I .-u:-.r C- ,',.-rig,-l :.-*Li J.:o gL-o+ { .-.*; n( ,sl,J ,rS,..t Jn;,J,J .r,-l e) Ju \VI',; , iaa,r;jlil 4 ol!,-.r,o-.,F I .riji 12' 1.2 ai -rJlr.r- 5* Vi "S
,*l 3-2; -2slr.t:.- .c* l ,S & ) ,5-f {-[ ,. r1,r-- sV;6r- ,f--,.2r ,rL;- lr a; j,;ltl ! ..! lr".r, J lrr+r,
er_ I U_i 6 c--U:,_t
2. Edwin A. Abbott
YY\ ,-t- t'tl 1.lrt .,1r ,rt(;lr1 .\d
)l ,5;2t',-. +E'Ur. Sr rt ,',1..>J jbt U Ul .rJ ,*;lt; eL_ ,.:*2, Sr .91; rJai; j ,sbl + .(i*l ,J 4 CLSr .g9-,; -,119.-.5, ^l ,Jdb ,rr_lr,li .r;1, t3-9 Sz 62.2 )l;.JL 1r e( ,.-;i 1., l, ,rt-_l^+ -tuu 6[L t , r;S 6, ;.lr-* Sr,.Ss_t st;-;11 r,-L ;b3,-. -5,. ,,ri_t-;.r. .-r,rL:- ,r; l..9r39ll I
pL+t .'}t ;11r,_L 1L-l ;_2 3,. e 1.2 ,.-,l.r.rk- ;L-a .---;r.r:-., rL-rl ,nlor; .bt *i- Sr iL.-+lJ t -;i 1l ...r;rr.r,
,.r"Ut+l.r -,L;1,;:1 ,E, ._! K! .-*;! cJr- $lis^j s,.J3*1 ,,.,_lorlr;Ll ,$* 2: a5 r*;i.u;L.n
,-s Lr"_-l a -La:,- aS Pz 2 Ptttt+|4jJ u. etJt6,_l ^S
r-J u. Pr .-u:-..r '; &-.rk+;L; i,!.,r.r,-eU.:-
.,te.r_l aS $try _;l'ol Pz."u;l., # eL )l d;-..r,! "k+o-:- , 6--4o,+.. .-1..,1, .rl.-* 1 pl-+l Ll ,c,, I a-j... eL-
Sr rsJt nl' t, ue:i .n*r, L -' t ,j.Jt- tSr-t'L-J,r;-r.r; :y 6 jt ^=b .rl ;l u;tt t . rS\) t^S rf *
G-t* LE )r, L;l aJ ;,.1 ';-.- pt .t fu..#rr Sr a-Ls- 1_15l,.gS LJ -,- r, .r,.-_ :s, ,r;'.; gL.ty;.r- t-:.sa 6:-a:.tL1;L5 "$
r, Sz _.2.r l4L5 ;,_ I
.-*r Ct- ;k+ *_J.r .S ,'; Lp;r llir !rt7 pz s_t1V
, )t L-;l lI ;4 6 S ."t rr !-,!-,. 4t",,,_r.L: -r,-!
.64r aSr 6;3^aL 6lnr=*'c*;r;1.r5 6 4& rr u;l;6 ty'-.;1.r5,_;j 1r;,1.s.;ti ;e.79 f:".-, J_l gl2 ,gl yi .5 i-*l .rl g-\ s+f ,/"; -L & rt .r:n tai _Jq-.5.r5,r. JY-u*l Pt;lS,-y..tr +F.Jt ,ns-.f lL-J I r -,;qc
I ,rt.r .1-l e .:* I
tai ,urL. IY.
;-lJ r" L-); r Pz6l:6-_Lo g;.e;l(^a .;*l S' .95j C!-J5.; ), .S,fU + c*l u;V & ,^-U ;i -r,-J,r,6 r21.
1r ,,1-l sr ,r .5 { &s rS n t L},- J,-\ ar+ \-\0,e( ,u;1., ,3--..e ,9 j,;lt;l .sl"a!,: .,lrj,-. y .$L .-'.- rs'b
t ,sil + 'tL -tt:/ -r ri , -r- .r-l 1 ."$- t- u[jl J::r; Jr-r'
,-- l ;i ,,-j,o, aS e*l 4a3. Sz;r & p-.*,eL- S' ,, f-.*.-*r ro Sz LLo 1 ;3-.c ,s )l:. L)t;-rJ [ 1,.. I ,g 13,o'
arl '; .r-:.-9': -t.:-L; t l-t rg;l-t" LtL; dr,l Jfu 1r) -r,-1.r.
a2
.\-\0J,<-:
;i iU ,-iS ;S- e'.t *. Ar c...-i2. 2l s, ,r^-+.r, Jl .(g_l.rl,
lu; ,.L-+ | Sr -2.r .6 -5.r. ,fj .rs-t,.:r A'z + Az -sl Sz 2:6 c*[u 6.,-r, ;,_l Ll .rt J] \; I .e'l - A1 J;b o,_ltU".
.r-! ;'UJ ez j .t_l izil. 4- ! l.s 6t+ ,_;tj 6,J oL;,lE JC #tt -,t ot,.r. '-uLi f l.p ;, e5 r-;1 ej,.r ,;lt;l ,5 j,;l.t:lea.ai; )l blt a,. b ,.1 a_l .6,l,Li...tt{r!Ll ';-;t d,_ 7 c-...4
.-r,-) jLi t p+ '[- .9lrl .2r tEJ,4 ,5]';lsl Z*.!r,- l, sz .1t sr ,.t-e^a,.r.5 .t(.; \-\0
"f5; r ir-r,..
lr rlJ o,l .,, ,.rLK if g Jll .tlre.4. I .r.! c;\*
YYI itl- "rl yl7 -2r ozl(.jl-;, .\0
,-5 pXtt .,,-: ..--Y .rr5.r, 1Ur .re Li .15-,,-: rl tx; i rl -+-uL; ,r;! r.;l-u '>-,.-.r .;1r5.2.' ,.-[;: I ,;lt aplt J.el ), Jl aS
ft-+l i.! \l-rl Jl..: I ;JU; ,)J e 6,-l cL 6 r.:6y:+t il - Ij I jl1+ rn g.- l-i tr tlt s: ^:; J,- ;L:i5
,,;11. st .2:.rLr:; dt++ ;;l.t;l .,,; ;;S n ";: - tY t.u-tg;+ .f.is iJ | ):",,t-l .r( g-rl.l cs Ir!-r d e.ltV ,',,-t,
llj rLr;'L IYY
Jr" ,(6+ 1.: r, Lt-. .5 b o-r,--r, r:-6. *. !) ,r,-U-i !'bo-tJ--r,
;L-^.r Pz ; l.ri-r,r .;1 -z : t:f!) tl -:l ,;lrl- tl ,;l
6i .5 r5,r, )ra; tl ,rS 6. .4-t -3-'.51.; t 1.2 6!.-L- L .
"l * t 3r;* it-+l ,5 :^-t pJ.e.{ ;q+
Cl;rr'drr in;',stn '*.9L;'i '!'- -2t V 'sr*u'.12'i':-t-.:*l .J,4- l,-l .{5 t:. t r:S orrLi l,
"c.r+ :, .-,k+ .r-ll-_"_l'
Yr- I l+i .$.-2,nt.'F ok" ;.' .rlr<,-j., yr g,l Ll ,A-;.. d,-
r, o;1(.-;1.2 ..:*l ,.:--2., *-): ,tS 6 "-5. r?-.. $;\, s.'
t-J s;*2' oJ ,* 3 l) Jlj- o,l ,5 c;b..1$l #, ,-r-Jt) tt r. :^-J ,.t ):? +.P 2: 'y-l 'tJ Ch n-V
6\7 eL .tt t'.tq-rr ! l-,rr..,Q+ )tlt rr' ,;6,1 .ge; sU l.r5--;j
;l .rf, ,-B;l DK^;lt '^;.5 + l+ r .r:5 J..2 jl;;;"-\a;o.1 .:-l ;(- \ft- bl3.-r! .c*l .9.,111j ).15 b.; dJ,-l
./).F- qgl;lr .:.-, ,r:.,.,kr d ri,[ iij- J4; Lk ul:.:* |
#
.rL;K- ",,
i.;- ll ,; ,'*;li Jr- !,r L-$;l .;l;u. )-lJ
.,tKrL u):;l I l, ;l-.L- t]s /s C'+lr ..IJ lLir;; .1
-,E-lyJ !r.,, J$lri-,'l ,l ,:L--,r J.-c .1,-'i, + 8rr
e.o el i:;lr .21r"-al ,;S-;19 Ll ..r::-; tgl^'-); ;.,4a :.>tc
.11.:;L ;6 ;,,,- I ,l l; lx,, i e5 1l-u re-..1 iL- #.l; ;., l; '21,(; le r- L:- g;-rq er .r,l.r!;j -l;,r.ljc.r c*j -L*lx n-ju.,e-.=+r.rSl.ri-,., +S e-6
4-S .rro s,-* r,: &, J, ;r-rr.u..r:5 -,a.;str
t: sn r l_t aI t;:.-S l, "*+ :-_Y r.[i; J,l .rt< lr-
l+ .p_L;l ulr; c*l ;r5.- L :2 rt5 .r L;"i ,r--u.o;U.;Lu:"-r Ll :-ul;! ,ri-F ,gVi s:e;.r-+lij ;.r-:r) ,LJ at fs1 .1,-L ^5 ,!i + ,{ t - l;;..rL ,r--r,L| .5!:i ;l;,r,F .rKlr .,,-_lo-r,_r e5 ,l-L^ .,..*t ; .ii .gian :; r-,,
.ur! ,!r /.:,_l k atl ,;u;.i-j( ,) Cl- ., tr+ ,_rl 1l I u,-,t t e5 r9
4,,_ I j-ra
J1l .-i,- l 1i5 + j, i- F! ,..,k+ )r. _.r, L- S +r2 l) s-Ll"i t ^J ,g j4lsl .grG .gl{l Jl;.:-r 1l .rlr;*l L r5;- l
csrl*L Vi 3 y-t,.+=., u_l 1 c*l ;5.- ,,',I'rJ ;rL+ r.Lt (,,,JC.,1:n >f- I ;f i;)ti rl ,sh. .rtl,.r-+lrll,.9t1;l ,,9 j,;lL;l
"9to.,.; e5 iii;*. la; I .r;l.r; tl ,tl !s'
r-:; L *J;l .i--u,n o;1, ,f.t* \ 6 "jrs rS + It
,$;Sr * uL-+ "f-
\. ;rl.rl ,, -,1-:.i15 E Jl *\..,|y)
3. Leibnrz 4. Hugo Dingler
YY0 ;,,t- '',1 ,,l,, rr ortS;lr, .\0
irr,-1lr rl e.1, ,.o .rlr -r.r l;.c* I r.-.-,1.r YV.
,t-l tf -r+ :, ul{-: ,f )J 6 ,'.2r .r-Ll .i;(;
,-u; i: ,r. r. 15 ;r,51 ,r-4lfl? ,.Sll. ,sZ, ttt* Jl 6 c:*l!:{." ;) .,j lJii',- ,.fstt" .t g-1L l,r*,4.lrl L-u." f:lrrr,ti:lo .2; L;l e "i.L ;L.: Lr_r. ,: I u:.;lr;,1.,/ i.+?a,.t a+t:^ 4 AS
'J* "r:.:L ,r-1,- ,.gVi _2t u-jL-l,p: n:"+t-l at r::f Jli- Jl ry -ul; G- l. isc,K; ,,;,,. ;it,,*t .J 4 rl .,_--+ gL t_,.*t a-i.e eL_ C!_ c*tt r )rl,Lrt5 .el:J \ -St -3"" u) ;t .J-_, L, )t ,s-L_o-uLi.2 r;[ sV ]tt .,ql !;k+1r el .,,_l^i ,1_;1.: rl5
.r-+lj 1L.; l.;; Llr p*r Jl :, ttl; G-rs. ,-^-4 ji,,5 tt2.a u*tJ:il L-uo !i- slrt ,r:l.f f:.i !i,, L- ((5.:*l
e;r eL_ ,l ' " .,rLi- ;l;'..-;'Gr- 1r.b 9r g,_ I rrf ;*lgl-orl-r,.12 i,.,,L;r .g,r,-'-2 J k-:.r= "!., ? 3 l;r ;r .5tJ.rL -i,^.-; t; L \h 2: 4-l ,|ro,uro .r,,r.; o.r,o L;t,-*L, rre--l JlL ,.-r^L:- "i5j:rlr) ;r [-c -! i^; .Eli
"f,tr;1i,i;;*l ;(-;l '.;L, .'t4 llJ )l +b:, cr_ I .-',!,.:.[_ 1 .; lr-a JL+|, t4:,] Jt Ut ,*;t a:;l.r .glL)tf--:ly.r. J.-;r, o..ra L;
"f,U .9l.lrl-r,1; i;!1.: ,r-* "*
li:;.rl,L ,,-r.tr; .2t 6,_l I 66,
jl J)L,. .s1""--! jl L r "L; 6- ,5 c*l ,.;- L:l rre) ;l 4-u..rr.ei ,lr,,' ;r,_ I .:.; 4K S rgl^,),, :.)- ,:),
;:l JJr -/A .tS u. *rs 5V Lr".--,:L" g:.i gly - :i.
Lai JL'L- YYY
e,..-dil '-l.:; F,.-,Li ,l;l 6"_l r;ll;i,il ;r,_lrL :il..u:,- (--
,-, , ,[*i L;l;l ..-*l .i;;l ij*. el:L- 6,-l .,r.:.r-r, L
L.u.n;l l;i .;lFl i!-.- 3 5.r Jl.il| l) Lai )l ,S-;.\*, ,i )" ."-o. aLllral 6,,-l ;L:rL ), f .f \r-r.#lb , )t)cr;S r1 L-l.e; e9.3,;lt;\ ,91r, I l; 6i:r; +:L
.f5-; .g;L- .--i Y?' I '-i:.
.r,, L .rl ^)r*2 ;.,,-l .4,.32
L.ur ,l !.a; Jl e- 3 c*l cJ-y';*il .r,-lr Ll :.'-;,,r.
;l .-;1) 4 ;-j ,;lt;l t t))i o4t3.r( glr-.;.' { ,.r+Sl
e i! ,.ri;;! ,-:r--- (te-o, J, ..-::*; L-j; , S G;lFl1r ,r*JJ I L-r- .c;1j3; .7L g,- I ;[.:;L -,, .9-*L-
;Uel gK ..', .l ;rLa ,9:t_) -_? ! ;r- La; J-f .fly.-9bo.r.e-r... .2.t ,,r--r-l! l[: ,5V; ,S ,Fcr .r! 2 eL:.-l pxL :trLr.r. .r-l ,s.l-t tSl "l5l-, 11 .r11., .,-+l )U;L .-'l-rs
.r-,L;L ,-u;t F,5 L, + l.j a+ y.;ltL cL_ t-, 4 '_r; u"It+I ,,,"K-it-;l J"Lr i.l 'r; u' ;S--'1 ,r-rJi I L-u.o r,
Jk-l ,f t J|i,/ 6 r5.r. JU*l 1,, Vi ;l ;$1;S :"- ;
.cir5 .-r,-.'i; >f-S ;UU-U- 7 l; ,r-..r.iJ li; .51.;!
ei J,-:; L -i,_r.; ot-;I .,-rrtr I L* ;l jl7.l Jl u;-+. (u-l) s-[V t,r:L; )i;) .rl-J cJ; c-L- .sL-1.2; 1r.',...;l;,r, ij- l),l o,-l ,S ,ij o+r" tA. L.r,i-.r,-f.U;rlsl.L-.<, '.-lr*- S tJS ,b g .r5 '"..^; r*,. ,r;l cLJ +lt / -r-
, J-;',r_\) ul,_ c;;L ! (+5 .K \-\o J.tu t) s, cr:J;t-t St .t)4.er^lri: .9eL- :*; Yt' ., ;i -t----. , ;'
Jr jl e5 (-I+ J\:- -r':.;t ) ;L .9l-or-el, s j tl..t, J:. - .l tieL:j ,r.2-,7 -,lJ o: ,rr*..r J"(;- lt-l 6r cL-:;kJlJ- :. i;
)
YYV .."r- ' .1 .1 . .r . ,61;1, -\A
.!.1: ,;e{.7 r5 rl.r ,.,-ol_r; eb; Jr-.; ! .r1 Jj rr _.,.
.r+,$ lti r .r*li I ,.sl"t} ;l-uL; er; Jrl^",l ,;15; lr_
Lai rUtL YYt
UiJ-rr
-s
.r;l.l,'' e>i 1..l .c;l.r -,l.r.rL; i- ,"--b e:8 ,^l 4-l jto
-.,.t q,b e. 6 ,*l ,1 ;r,.1 r, Li-l1r ..yr; J:l..
.pr.i'-na,.-! .r-;L :.i;r,r, ,- y:;;r",
:219, La
olr*_;..l
,',t5.1 Ll .rrr 7*b; rt; r. t l) l{:SU;r,-l ;*l ;K... l."r-rb
! .-l; J- $-* S ;l-r.oLi -LlJ.2l :.21r
;l(.1 .,l.r.rt-l i.;L1r ,r.iL;- dL++"rt', e, ;"- .-r.u L a;l:l-r u-*;lr .- l.r.oL:-. lr"-F cr-t ;t-l -51 ;- .*-r, o*-i 2:2-i;4Lt- ;!--r) i'-r.Lj ,.' LLI r-! l1 14i ,J,ra) eri ),,15
L--b t'..iL-Y5
J+, er;1r,.-r..gre ",L;l 7) 3 ste..:J.r;l ;L;i r,-r.L;1:;r1l .9tj.,;1
.r3a 12Y ..r+,;i" u'-4. ua.:; 6,\ j4t ,.91a-j,;lt;l 2
;:U 5 c;b,Q;,1 .:j; .,l.ra. L-h L>r J,-,-_./-l- ",ll
J,-" rL.); t u--b c-l 6,- 15 .eI.;lJU '*-l)i t* +
Jrl^. ;la,-rb 3 tJ t*r, 6t ..^-4 ".221 ,yo \ .J;-f
4l;l "L;i "-F e-l )1 :;^-+.rlp .st ""F ;l e.l=7,.r
";2r.1 .2lil r,,_,"{.: ;i: I r5 l2 .rp lec ;.;l; 51 4t -ul o!L_-h -51 r5 rj, -ri.:.. a/1. " :l ..r'5 CUr." I .;*l .-r.rL,:. .f, U
;;l.rl r, L _;l.2l iir Jl U-,'- crst -*. 62 slt. i.t-;',
.91,,r.; IJU i-uLi r, ,!y tS,st-t.:*I dr<- .+! ,r3.1 "/6
..gLrr-r.L;l ;l I 2th;. r5 ,*l a+.:l: r {5; d,,-l Jr: .F*)l ;);-t* u-.t *l 6-* ,';.i:;ti r, L:l;, e5 -23L I .rtJrL
YYC .-.: : LF .tt Lzi .\?
.-,l.rj r.' ! 4l .,5 )lt
;k+ ;r!J, t -l+ e.-1 _2, 6,r,_;1! rU; r, ;*l drs.-
'1. Lorentz
LoeL Jr.-r, I ; .: uc;;l.rlr-l U_l) .JF.r, .tt' +it+,.5l.l.l*. ,;Fl Kl ..,-,11, 1lj r,1,;;! ,rVl CK t :t; Ltt
(..:*l riL .9141-u. ;: ;,sLt ,---:; )\< )V e \ ,tlJ e: ;r,-l 8 tJ o-"r, ).t5 r_t,
Liv, .s: . r' ,r,; .; .l .l.r.;l F_ ;.lK ;rl;,f JL g-_.r ;.>
er g,_ | Ll .c;l e^*,r ; t ,. i"";-. z)J ,"-5,.r c*;r J3l
J) JJ o-,1-l
;,1_rl d-1.r5 \ S '.& F..., -^,l1 ,t-+t :.:*l .;L- -iL;,. *t;o Jl +6. ,;-.- .;; \); !;L;r rrl;,r, ;11 er
,lr,. r, 4. 4 ;t+l is\ -t: ,st aF* ,t-&..r+lrl ,:U;L;L ,l 6 ;--4 ,+y el ...2 r-a;-l2r .r*l i.-*;.: y.S l,;U;!-, 4 .,uly.r ,rst -&." .:) ;l .$ c....,-a V;.r*+lL;,,rVl ;l .J"jl;u; J.' .-.1ye 412: Ut sS )lS I .r+SlL
'91t $l!;-*, SU ir ;,- | 1l ,:L- I .t22i jL. .1 .r"*;1, 3, ;riiti f { Ll ,r;b +iE .rS I.r*. ;_21 2: ;r;iS ;r;*
.$n ;r:;. lJ .-t:; lF ;ei .'f"J ,:!,),
';V- L-h r) . ri:s 6 itj ,r- 1., ,14;=l t ,F.2" ^'-j: 2";,,_l e5 .u; o;t) r .t)r).;Lll1- .9le-,1 ^- i,;L_2r
Lr ksU ;l c_n-.* 4. ryi,jr) )) k; r r;F_K_ Jrt^. il.,,.:1,- .c*l l-L;r-t 2 c+ L-k.:;e. .,2r .-r..i;b
"j ,*-5:..c*.1 ,r- ,rUl ,Tz ,9,*_t 2.r-rSlU ,-l; o, Tr t, 3i 6 .:2.;
.rt
\ t J-i
-,2.: t ' i
;i, ' L,b
,r: i.'., "!.l J-- 1, a5 ;3LL-n ,g,L r',1 ,.,,. : L-,b t+
L-uo ,\9 1l rlL .gia; [t 1r a5 ;*l ..E-,EL g;12lr L]r
.-r--oL; .!-U ;L! r .,Lilr,;l 6,-l ..:i;,r,.-lrr'-:-.r-aLl
.rlr-a. )i :-u;! .sl ".'Ul.-;; ,tr! .rl.r". 16':'-l f- taJ* ,t-t )t' :t- r+ L e5 ; I i:* )ii Jr:.j 1;q6 .rfu tl .# .j^J ;;, 6 zlta^t)t l; ,-j,l; I dr- | +! ;Krtr* l_ +-:r.sUlJ:. ,e" ,rstbtL: +jE .tWl-\..i--\:! { .----j sjlilFl .rSrf ,-t" I s9;:+ 6\+.r+
.c*l .-rrL; "f.,
tr ;i-rl gL-,.1 -1, .r-rJ! I
t or; r-ii ;;.- L"k i1!;r e5 .91,,,; LIr' "5lgL5
,,;13 u. ;..-' ^, l2 ^'-p a-l ^S F-, .skLJ -,1 .s-,!-l c'+.iJi- 6l^..i-;: .i*l q5l,.u5 ,lt3 ,st^,)lf ,J.L- 'K.6;r L;ai ,[;.L a5 r; l,.r. Jq-Ul o,-l' " '.1 L-T ^S
t,-t(- .*l
",L-r 1., ,r:- L-,f--: ,gl^".;.- )) t *al .f+lrlU +i4 cl+-
Yf\ .-.. : L-);,>V;.lt
p .s, ";K u. +ei Jt )l"5 l) s &i,, ,)r)s/ )S +(-r;t ,Lp Jl) ('jt-lrL;,_rk-+l-jl c;4 L.p, ,) .._K.
A:V ,r^.;r- .'"1 _,2r c:J! .:L_ .gtor,_.e\, fr-+- .,( -r:,or -r, L
-b + L.'--.:^; , -Li-r .d;l e-..,,r \A. ;l y' 4-Lr )l.;*l o.;l jrt ,+rr ,l 6;Y s: ,t .i..a ;r,-l ,92; ,r,lt cL
-iJ L; ; t. ;-, ;U lr.'.-; I a.r:, V)r-.pls g;lg_rJ.rlsl
Fi:* ,)J- u-2.; a..i-.a O,_ | JUj.L -* e .<j,l .51r,
::J J'r.a; Tz2 Tt,-J_2 rlj r..,,, jltrr. D rBL 9l .urfu
! et f nt )l ,' ;l;u.6 ,.'-+l;l ,9Vi .st J.r.. cJ,_ ,lJ.u d,,l .,.i.,. orU.ul ,:l.r )l; 63r.r-+UlU Li.a )Wl-
->; \-,;-l 1.r l2 d;!;;L r5 c*.1 S'raL; ;,-.- :-;-a
.1r )l+.AJ(',
,rH" (+J .tl l-tr )S- +) R-z.il-:;- .El-r ))cr,_l) ,;*l el .5rto L. z aS c*l rs l,._r-e- jl j;\-S DBC
L-;l u:;1'r.-r,;L.\i "S 6)+ I,.L.J 4 3r tl ./. \_p.,.r^+* ,J,K u -_ ,F.U;;l ;lrLU 1.,
"SrL- a^:;.^ ,!t)b
l-,r ! .*l :* U:" a t \s.+- U-l n\, v lrr;.. -rJ; ,-r-!.s)) E G;)" af -*l .7b 4 rl ..tK AB ;.,13 .+;trc** t tls* -t* + utS r,- l ,5 rl: -,lS s-,* e o:e1 Z;e:o
,., J r *, l- .-l ll -
r-)Gl <r , .r-9.-J.'|.
L. Flamm, Physikalische Zeitschrift (Leipzig), 17 (19j6), 448,454, ,J-L- I -r-1 .-sKarl S"h*arrschild Sitzungsberichte der preussischenAkademie der Wissenschaften (Bertin. 1916), pp. 189-196,42 -434
..:- I '-u r:K
.r3,- -,1-i:; l
Lai -rLa;L ll'
, ttjU .Jj*,_ ,rr iLj J)l
1'L-+l ..1\. rnl; ,rr! ar-l- ^.',1 .,11 .J., ot-rr rit ri, d4.; K-
.r_\i<- r..- ); ;l s t u\a
-tL-; I (.r-,l:,r, Ji t" .. *5 lr WI ,r-rE .s\^t i G;t))
,=i Cr-'-l.r.i:--.b ,-ir- '* t o*rLU;' ,)t, ;,\:; ,G)l?
\-)ro .s- f. ! I -5.-X [-x rt .,--u-i ";;- \.15-
I-i .,r;r;.r" b\rn J-b i-? -t" J,li.. ',rrs G,-4i.6s .:u;t J* -\ Lt; l; u-V ln 6 e-6 rr-a: c*l-r- le F .r.lK:, ,r;.r, L .:' -,rt- il I * i5 l-;i;t
+Jl .r*! ro.5rl-c ;11r.- L.;r g;lil: '6 .r'5 U'l r;lt\s' \ Jtt.'; )l; r f'-t ;.21r- L.;r 1, al". c-l ;5'- ;L1 .re;:
Jrl +! r ;.21r- '4.tt .t, i:- iL J) i,* ,Slt, ,t-ltV
2r ,5 ;1t:L-n ,,*S *---' -. to d 1r l; io .r:"- 'el .5':lr
.$:; r l, ,.=.--ro aL\ ,-L.o.i ,l ;, .d ,t-,e8 * J.^
..:-:lr +L -rJ+ q .,(:..1 0-,1^L.ri 2t ^S g-tf ,L/o+0(I-Iol,1:-tt/ | J+ i--P { "",*-" "r-l
{t=to1+g(T-To)1
;l i"" J+;r ;*l g5- 3 ,s-Gt - ,,.Li .51.j"- r,
.r3a -ulr,; l^:-* .r-l jl F- +iq J, ,tt-\ o -,1- .. 1.213
,.:* l, Ll tr # i;;.,;; i;l n5 :;b.r, r\.Dl ft 6[,t s tc; ts" f- d +iq ,-9\a; l-r-. t-3, t'.:;l 4-l .tS u. J.r-l; ;lrr[, ,'; U- lr.r+El .r-ir .Iz ,'s:.i.-et .,:r:'eI-X ;19 eLS a, ,g*l .f+lL ,g\i teae J \t:'S
.-r .'!r, Cf, .l* K , ,r ;il 6.te[- rU;L ))j., .r:zt e, 4-\ ,;r(- -* r5.--l .5111
Wr d; L-P.2t|2i.\9
i-.u.ro -r!; u)s 'u ,.F !tL;l U;ljb 'E+* : t- ,t-)
\#* l.*€ i-ts' 4 Jt )l + ? '4:'t' ,,L;tjld .l\"|.1 -2, !.r.i u;l ;,-l .r;.r" * G-lt L:- t' rj-, '.li-r
,* \ ,r,* -t-b + t*t ts' & dr,-l J(; 6); ;;,. )lt ,;--l ,.r,r-.g[;l 61.2b S .C"- rl .:-----r g,-l .r1l: j)u-;l
;r .r;lr .:..a,lL .:*l -I-l,ri jl 621;;.r ,S ^-;a;l c - ; ;il,1 .,r.- .9L;l d,,-l r<-, dLoL;l 'h
r*-tr jt- l1\ ;zvla-
* V.;l ,7-*€ i)t' .t i)p *;* )l e1 2 'r.21.' ;1V; ,a-z
;.11.r;l r .5leLc.; -p )2 ,t*2st' ).. + Jf t$a ,l t-, tdl llrii- ;r .qit .[J ;: ..-*l J-- )-t' ,J) c/6L; * 2:,.;i .;,';4 dtt&r) JK- oV,51 'c*l .-r^: r'JL
oS ,rtl t i*r .,r: ;t- JtJ li"; I ef -ul,r,. cL91 c-l'.2
;l l.; Tz 2 rr .r*4lJ I I ,r.-4li lL .r1..-] " l;.r. JL
,r.sK u. ,4-,, t- Jr. i A ,/u.L- 6,1-12 gL;r-,,a -,15 )-b bAJ- a,,l ,5 I ! ,^r* /.4 .uL l, 16 ;Ll .J u-!; 5-S' \
^. C'- o,-l;l ^:;K -,7r.rl: ".rl;
gla,t ,,i<- ts .* &2l )* ily + uf l J:.-u:;,r, rL- .--+!l C!- lL o:
"r.-,.,
taj Jl.r;.L YiY
6+- t eV. L: 2 B 2, oy-|., r, ,-L L: ;'',-:'"J u' u'L:-
S ,rS (,-*l ABC ;t^- ';L' iL; a1 . ' ;,t^'- t t. B .t'
^-t .L \; "tf- z )-tp,- )t) L. cst-b ABC .;1..-u ,,;,;,J.r. 4 iJ; e, eJ .:*l S'a^;z U-| .+i ++ f 4- iL2\S 4 ,'.sKo. +;tr JAI 6 .,-+IJ|L i^.i.. 4 .,-+l
.+1.r.
6,15 ,dea,r.:,e.c*l e i'l; cJ,-g S *- )l,rj;l Ji
"plr 1., e( .:*l ^2,)4;l ,:;.1 ;i ! a U'. , e-* I ,-L*. .r
t-S ^SJ,-r-l) .c*l ,.:-:, I c:b U-jl L!- l ; :-tlt llj t';;;.S rr" )lj .+s :t-r c::- +)' ,.. Lt-r uQK -,r
uJo 7r .;;'l" .gL;'i,r*.ur ,L;Lr ta;1.r5,-;i;l ,rJ rl's
u*.;t i.r-., r,1 ;,- I 6}; i=.-nl .-r;-r':^i)te r-r;Ji rl;l-'toli j&t, )t-€ 6-)J 4;.1r-;l g2Yty ''-':;l; I rl(lA_
"L .r,;U-r ,,5t stJ ili g,-l rr.1-r-..;l 6rl; eL (.-r-
Y-\t J<.; ,rSr ;i 6:.* ."t,t"/ 1S t .r+!lL ''-L' aL-
P:
.Y_\ r Js-j,.\-\t Js-i
Yfo c-*; +)i )t Lbi .\?
lo tl - C 14 sss'4;1,
;;G .r--: L .;-rU .r-l .5 \'; i ;l .-.?U ; I 6r-re C
al J) L* il* * l-, dlli, ,.it: ,c*t 1'1. .rr:1,. .Ll :,1
;,,F.,r,1-r! .:; o:12i:,L.-t {q I J} i-; +_l ,r..5.r,
dri I ...-;,./ 'rle t S) . ;,; iJrL -,r d{.r+ irrs e-4;. :)t $li
I = lo [1 + P(T-T!]ll1( D cosz+')-l'
,Ct,S ,.p a L-21le ,>'+;l-ulK; ;"\; r i)a\; Jl
1 il+l ;.tto ,:i , ;Ft/ -ij- iJ:l.. 1l nCos20l r.'.;
# ,l- "i '-#.uL r'U o Jl .urn e_;U )lr'-)t"t A:. G"t,F-' o-.,Lr t .rF.r .!J- .r:.5 **-';;\4,lr; .r* l:.1 .S q+-r. ;t .tj; u;
"24:- c*l J 15,_.'l; c^ga ,,
.Srf * r--tt L- ,r,. )l .fvlJr l2 L-6-J : ^ Jt .. I L-$ ,V. c ;:U ;l-r.ii,
\'/v"\.rrcrt-rl ,e6. ,;tst (nU 6 j-+L) ccs .K*.,YA ;l -i- 2* i*)_s e* ; 6 .-*l ..r,..- g,,-l a1 611 .r_1.r:
,!-e rl-rL g,_ I ,5,.:*l o*t) ra..)r;sa E;j tY\r:.to ,jto\/lA'tJr1 \t L*_tr Jrt \ ,r.,+ Jt ;- .c*t cLrS
e!- *. ;t-;4+ ! ;t5.1 -i.- L- l, r Jt , t-&. ): y lplAB G..,- )ttf Lb .-srL- r 3 6).++ ,d &f t*tr,) .+, -lllF d+f ;* ,;L;l ,( --tiL t/tO'l'\') -r-!
,r.-o L; ;.+: :t J:itr & A-tl .l=, .r- ,fVl ilt
La; rLriL Ylf
i-4- ;J!_l.; ,.;-;. ;r,_l ,,_) Sz *i;- Jo; .c*l o.u orb g[-':.i
LtL; :t^,.t + ,rJK .uL Sr !Ui; i-r .c*l ,r-,,1;l .rL;ijl .1.. .'4. ,51 r;5 J, .r;l.i J_rz: Sz .9e1 ,.911y (c-.(l; )
,y ,4t jK- *. 4;' r- ;l .2e: ,p!e. 1l o-_,pi + pt c"..ty;!-, { ,1.!r-, ,.r_l ..,f ,r}-.r- .-h.ur. V.rS 5r- ;iT, L.,!l .r*+l,l Jtj Jl tl .:e- o, J.e2,r--r$ll.; L_r..o
;l ;li J- ;K-ll + r5 cj5 +! ,r.1_;;t5 r, ,sz )^;-. ,, ,1;n.?V1 S c;L -u-! d-l_J+ d;lt .:r-u^ ,iz.j* pi * pz
6.rfu t+tr J t.-{+ )) d- J15,_r l; e-x.; r.r ,lr i.orL.tS ;\ l;j c )j t+-tr.,..,:t+. _,,
& Cri ,1 r; l, ;Lr- o,-l f-\t JS-
.r_\ r Js-j
.4lt 2lS P e:.,.,i;r.;.: a.l- .c*l L:t r A f , L ;r-lt .s:u.
"J", .rt"jl ,-u:L Jl,l-_r l1 --++ : nl=, cr: Lsb 6 q ,fj6.ye ,irlt.rL- !, ,)lr at|t ,tl , ,5--. T" +-h ,=*t2' ^S uls lo )) *. ,sl/J=. J\ ^S n-_5 e rrU ,_r_l .iFcr .r!d-U !) 'ju. :lS.sl.-:rl+ Jlr-f jl .ts, ,tl-:-. Jule4 P ,...*i-r. 4 (6_,i L;- ;3--, t ,-.st' L.2: i;:l-r.rl-(;! 5 ,r, ,"rri ar_b e-*t m .:-r+ Al a y,+ .21 r )l,l;.rr, -ul; .s:L- .1.- Jrl .Kf ,lL* l.r 0 r,_11; Jt(rl; ;^x-1
j l-:r )L
.r_\ r Js-:
s'f--, tU- r s ;rU* 64o.L-2lt J^l;-. o".,:- Jl Ll .; '.|-r.i
,' jl; .11 ;cL;! uS +tl; g,- l 'r5 -r,-., -r.n t-r; ,rrK el.r;t l,
,.nG s .r\:- ,:L-t1 t";.13> Gt: f-t.9l4J..ai .2.r il+ r5.* to'
l( rrLi s tu- ;...tr, -:t ,t-l , -"-S .rl.-r;l l; ;i -i^1,;
1 Ia s';11.; .-* n ,rJ u.tu-b + ir- tl c--j-t ,::) )l,l F il:;r ,5 ,-*l
,_r, r,''.,- !rrL; ei: .r_ I rJl .;*l ';; Lit- s/ ?,'tu o,-U-+ I i,JLj .9ly u-Ll <.;F ;l+L-
L'i j\'nrL eL-ri el3;L- ,5.:.*l 6,ri )ri\ rJ)i )rlr .r-<r o-l )l ,-- .c*l ,5;l:rJi J"U .r/ fKi!Uji; uI- t1 s ;rU- .-,rr" ..,b ;L::; 0 -\2 )S-; t L-i; ;:l.r rrf-,.gl'n,,h q s':)L* L-'- )l J.-' u6'!:.-u! o>b eLi
"rt J ,;lL;l ! -r.r ,r...t + s' t s ,l r5 .91r; L:;l a L-21;
.r-(i.f-U it-l .,p6.,""- .-G y'* s:t si s o- i.I-l'j
L:i rtiL Yft
,L ;*l .9eL-= .0O0O0l l.
..,;;i ,itL l-\t, \-\tJlful "gt{-bj,
6 t-*l 91, ".dl,- )U;L r=..; X.r ,;3 u, s--re- Jt )l S 1;l^^)-a )WLiu- e5,;1., 'r-, ,5.6 oUl;;l Ll :c*l 6-,:\il i-i-..uk- .r.--E .,--.1t-ri .sl-xlJ l-,'-, ! 2rl2 -r,_, ,=rl;
.-by;€
. I r*- - tf ,-t $8.)K..;lr ,S .tl{* - t5; 6,- I .:frLU*t ;.,.,; ,) + +it?
"rl+ l.r:. r, bltrl l) li4!. rl;ir 6
S '** 1r; &- -r;l;,r, .r-.rlil L- # .t a;;e!x-
,tJ L;- ft-+l ,r:;- (;_l [ :.r;1; C* 6-rc +r+ dpl,.5lr--u,r .- !i:; I ,r L .re; iE.;l s-rJelLj Lxa 6 u!- t"
r-\ *u S .*- 1 ,g-..rlr .L' ,s'U 6-t sYi ,9111
r; ;L-; ;r,-l .9__t ti ,P + uL_e..,:rlt -,, 1.2 e,;Y -,L-yUjlt r;_r.r.l 4 ,tsr+ lLzl + Ltt 4)l3i :.2e" 2: Lli
.t:*l p\ t .ttuf--t1 .tt 3 st-y t"- crtl \ | ,s.tt ,r:lt e:j pJL. blte ,b1c/ ,.-,:.) a. e5i-: ;1t;;L- rl .f 3f J:--til+.tr .rj r:-i J- ,l.t c*t f-\t J,.L .f ..:J.2.,;Li
tlS ,;l Jfu d.:^JJ. -t> J*;r,rit .-r.r:.r, sl:;: J7 ; l2
(c.*l /-.i-a;l 6;Li .:* l, ,--* ;r o1[-) s i.l[; ;j ,r;l,lJ*tr tit: Ll .-u--,;,r. tst.t \ Lt --- 1ri- .ll.ll -.,, '!r-^.,L i).i,, C;r .;L- U_l )ri ,$.r. )l-r ot J<* d...-i_,.;.,
tstt 6Gr- e5;;l 23.' )-r;i s'.)L* S,r J l, Lz 1-6)ls- jlt,f (r-2lr lr.r C '*1, .* .2t .S ,r4 3i) l, Lz j tt
-4
Yrq ;;-i L_P ,> Qi .\2
ir; t, ;r3ru-;r ,1,
a- L- ..rL- ---:,,r. )l b jS- ir?^, U_jA, to.;l.r;| 6,_l
6,)l:-,; 6r3tl-r;l ;:,_;i!1,-...r )l AtJ AJ ;lel .:;Sn! s1a .rlr,r. ,.Fl ,.rr I, la"j,Jl;l;,,1 i..o :_r,r1_1,r.
.. V ^.J d- rrU .:y jil5 tg:"_l-; i o,_
r .;..,1-i ;, ^l
e-l t "J o-i.ni " lr lI oltre,): ,,*\.:J-r;l ,rF .rL- ct-.e!;.-r, rL :. r, ;.r,_l-.,,1 i,__rL; ltlU .r.._L
"p_[i1.t-+ | .rrrt! ,fvl + +it+ .s$l.r*. L-; ,; 6V;lg<i ,slt \-h :')l 7--t:*. E L.:,-l -lr .; .l +i 6"t1., .r+tr| LJ.j-t Tz L"-h , d.-Eil lr ,F c--, 6Lia;L;l rf f+*r! 6-r,_r? ,r:lt (t +.t:r.-i*y Ll ,f h-eL- T' L-)i _;' ,f"-' e) ;l .$ ,;=ar: r,!L .914;1.r,-;r l1 ;r;tgVi .s; e( lr .el-X ,fS tt_l ,r,5 )LL-l .r-.r$ lL; ,r-.r:.o'r ,|-oi 2r .nl.l..rr^ ,-y- s; f- Iit+ .f S lr=. L-t .;,y ,se
.rb ,'..o
l; 6.+. e-, eJc*. o,l irL-;rJ,r ,.-*l i$z 6.r-,u.o;E,L
-.. &;_l ;l )a
t l:- o,_l 1t+l r5 p.r;:*. .; I re- u-_J ,rl c;l"d J.6.t- ! -B- slJ,-t 5 o_2K;19 r-i,.ic ,.91-6.L,1, uai.; ;12.-* I "r.:; l"r;i 6;l.,. rr (a!Lj.: lr ;t-;t i,U.l gs:L-; sle ..lti*-r"r .iL_ J+. ilirr..tL-i + .11K,-;rr r5 :-S ,)gJlr.,-,Lijj I l) .r5,_ ll,l;i .r-r$l[ Lr..o Jl**l )l
"$" t s-alil
c | ,.9 r-,1 .- l-*:.i I o,l c;l: ,lx.l; I .)1.* I, d t+i ,t .rjt_rL- ,r;r!r r, .-u; jer,. ,.g;l>2lj -b + ;k ,4;J>,rlri
,.i.t t i:L: 't , :- ^, jl ..lj " lr<-:r+ e5 .r-r, ;,-- I .;19-; l;r
jl q .-uf.r rL:;l JF .lrJ, t .9 tr--u,o ,J-,l s j,;lt;l
Lli rttL YYA
.0-\t Js',j
2r r(--, "9t4 L;.2r ef ,r- t1.S.o .;r o.;h*1r o,-l i,- iI-U U
.51-a-"11-ri .rj-;:.; r.u-Ur,o;i; c..:; lr7 .t;i J-_t ca\,tt\ cftfrr-f .rr .ry* I \t\1 JL _2r l-rcl ,a, U_l )l ,rr)Udl-)i jgrL- u,. ss lt ,J--f jtt J- ^5
..',.1 (-!-r .,lJ dr_l- ^ 1 ,i:r:+" UK-
'}.i; ,r-l .rlr,r. JV +)i ,ft
Jl+- L-i *.t* &_'j -,,1 2.r,.. ,.t*.n .2; i;l S,4l ,. rp,/ -rJL- (|;s. .;)) -.-;.tr +r4 :,u-t *
.--.tr+ .L-r L+K- F ;r-_l ;l ,ej,;l,;t ;-2t), .i;-S pl+l ,4 u{+ .rlf .,7: ,,-!:.:i_l Cr r t\o{-t _r}.pb t 6-,- 1..r1, ,!E + s pf ,.r Jn; ,y-t 2, 6. ;l; uT
u-l ,y) t) t A ,-*'.J'+tS,i-L-r I fr ! .p; oJrr 2: iL:.i-1,1i- 'l;j, V tJ u-e c.it.tt.t.r-r+ rl .g.t:f g,$ gt,
Ei_l\. r1..r- _2.r 5 .,r-I.(c i;r ,^_ ,.92, l, 613 rE- gh:-r.j c,lzr,v-S*tS: e!-.rI.5 r ,st .'-&. ,.21t;l oe. g.r.
3. Findlay Freundlich
Yf\ .-:::ip
-ru.; L c*;r ,-i *1 ul; -:r,-
j! ,r- J:l d[- { ..r.:i, lr
;: 12 ,9t;"1; ,-.'jtJ Jl
Ltt'b + .-eY! d.r 6,-;rn) i-J.c. ,_ly ;l .,<1 d s,_L- ir,!
6 *g J6 jq G- .,,_5,<
Lbi JU;L Yf.
$ e t) l2 :; 6,13,;l-;l ;i;2 2 .*l ) t*.. tst -,8j.;l o,- I
;2t ,6 u-;.g2 .r:;U jl " .!; -,l;il L):^ L" 1., '5 ..J
,.J.-+ ,,s. rn .sl'l' ^ + L, rU;L jlL ,-u; ";;1L ,9 j ';lL;lr:r;".o l, g,- 1 ,j6;lj ^--J .- I jr^; F .*t- ! oJ ,r".r6t')J )f :*L!. n=j ,t Jl ,;:'-G";; ''j.r- o! lrl(- t
t* G:6 alu-*. i-r,-l;: o'-b + .--l F t-b ,t-l tl JV t-
CL1;j-|, d c--l '*1: sr- I .r;ll re''..e .rK';ly J CL;- l,
l:- rg ra; i-:- 6 ,9J:1lj L-.h )l e t.r:, il- lJ ',., l).rt<-;lr
.;15.;lr. ;* Ul :+JJ -:U:lrL i, -r,-r,r- l1 L;", .r*-ur;L;L.tS iLt,J.el .2.r ,---r.:.r -,lt;;l'l-;J- e t t-b. :>t u.a.tN ;.* t- ;; ,,ps SsLo-tg. at-t a 'q;-l d;r) y' .r, dlri-j+,l-+ 4*.rl'l' 'or L;i,r--ua;L;L,.u; il;l ,9j ';lt:l
.:lt gby l; ;1 r3*.r, .-r.Li ! ,S t*t/il.--t -# ,t),\ "s Jtr Jt;* ! * - .r-*. ^++)t t:,,. ,r. rL* --=; ;,-b Itl ,-rWL -,, ]: ;te:.,---rL:.I; L -:*l .r,oL::. ;US jS JLai L-l 'r.r i-h-"br' G4 ;l ! -r,. .r, L; .r_l-',,1 ,r._rj .-,[l ]+ o5 ,l-b2: Jl4.-3t ,St2 .re- t:- ,.5 ..l1,- + l, ;,i ;t;.,, .5 ,/t) J-l )l .;-l .vr-.*.; r.5rL; -r-li 9l )r CL- ir-l ;-5..9t+
.-,:-L-.. ,3- o-'-16 .r,ljy ;l d- ,,,L e5 ;*r .,,l\:;& r^ rl sl;.,, i-:-.--o a5 ;*l .1-r-..1; s-; tt-l .;ls l.trr5 e* L-.,rl- 1 J-r.. ;: ;f- :;3ir, ,*V a s "-5 ;3r y- j \q5l1l: r-:i1 e 6t) 6)--1 ,t{.- . Krl jl .r.r-+ t- ,91->;
{-.. !, a:-> + ,} ,),-!-- &- -r:; L .2 c*l .:;. .gla; I
,t-s- \ t(& L^, ,.:! .,|-r;l ;-, 6 ;lxJ L4 "s-rr
.-r,_.r.rl;,r. lr ;LS.6J ;rLe-$. !L:({J.,I .-cJL- csr.,-; \t ;3 .r.L; .91:-; I e ; tli,.r ;.,,_t:: "-l lrL-O,-l 5r::L .r.." .t^.=..o L.',-; I ,rlL .tS l_\.. _,, .(; I aa r _i;l+
:c.*; "$-; -L -,rl-r,16
-:_r:11; Jlri,.o e )t^ Jlj*d:- c*t o<- ,s! .u fs rL_; J,'L- o,_l ;rLr.' Jtt t_l
ti-t f cSst ..& -h s: l-t tr) & 'r- uJ ,'r* ,r-r,6 1lr ry.-3 gG,;.t ;l ; jtez 4_l L .c*l ;*:. ;_t ;IJ<* t ; or li^;!_ I .,f Jr. .; .l sd ;r: * aLi_L;l4; L;.;1 ,.911b a,!4 utr:.s$lJa j, a5 .r; b ,r, Lon o-.2.rrr r,L-,Sti sVr+ ))lt ; ,s;rgri;; diirli.^j I Ll .-u-..,r.r.r.-
,L ..*F r, .1 l5rU- o,_ I .tSu^ alt+ l, ;i ,;rl, ;i5rlr* ;L
.-*k^t' J-, .^+ L; .et"U;t ,L. ! cr:-j zJ & a-4 u*t' .r:5 .tL.'.j I f;-+" .-r,.i J* t .5./q-U-.+i-b; ):tl i! .'!, .,rli;jtrl +. pr.. g)V- ;rKS S *l6L;.; ,Jr.;l rr .iL )l-r.i,;rL)r ;l ;L-L- 2;l;6;;3,-;Li ..,.-, jra -,,_L, .t)Ls^ ,L:-, + l, ;"_1, ".,1 ..* .rrt-.rr'.-..2 Loa-l., fi t V.,+ rS# ";lt:l ;r.9.,L_..1 ;L:^J | ;r- .tri;,r*,r, a:-*;l.> .,+Xt' rS 6,_15 I e*l -:_r.l.. el(-l g,_ I :r;lll[ s:J ]r l, fr. L* ]e ,rl;,,1 r-u;L ,i]+ tl']-Ll a- ;gg a5 ;,1. " !l .=,1.i- .91_;_, ,_r_
| JL ,o , JJ./,!-l ,r ';')e )\ ,)'l d jL; I --:; isyl;-l re-r--, L;
L_ a.l -ra lr;; ai c*l ;,, | ,; +JL -r,! dl, 61,:S; .trl:6y'
t--* bf,.d;lt s,:"*- .rk +! ..,8;l ,,t L Ll ..- :tr
\V J-iLs rs?..tt
t,t,*;!dl ,j -.ri.n c;Lrrl+ o-* .,L;;l 2l _.- ,-9 34:-.a ;",s-t, ;ti 9l;il Lr*r l.u,l ,l .,r(,_;; r1Vi igl2..r*,UlL,f.--' ,-rV + ..tS c -L b JrL ,e j,;lut S ,rl, ,r..,2r 1.2 ou5 e-4' ,?_lJe brj ,rlt 6lg-l L
- l: S 4ist
l-t .si;-t 4l Jl ut;;L .tS u. 6:t-e* ,gj,;l.t;l .;e.2''J
'-+t ' :tt-1. d-j t * ,..t|-rt + .e_5 t l+
J* ''j"_r-; I .lr, 4_ .:Lr.r I .Jr! ,9, j,;lsl .t, 6,,_;-L
.,i,-r;:.21y grl..u.5 ry,*; *:)f..(:,_l ;el ,c_l ;,L-._-2,J!tt!L ;|,'.J;;;:r. ..,21r- i-..2r jl )it' ,) U-l ,-r.,1-q. .', S,;.1 ;l -);i,-. t ,?V_tl ,96e; ,:;l;V 2 ,-p,2.r.r:kL" )16 aSb Jrl -r.fr ,:.;b.2lj .4n; ! .9i i,jt?J) olt.ce vL;l ,1: j,L:- rU.; r; ,,',r1, lLt )(.; .tc1.r.r. l15U ;,ut:.. L b.r-1.1 d,,l 5l; u. cs* a, a , ))b )r+,
t-:i Jtl;I Yf Y
el; +-Sl .r,aL JL,;: .c-l o.4 uS ;l J.t ,t-l *,r:l Ll ,:.,7b t1..1 cL; i,-.,^h; ,r-$ilt; L* - J et'r-rlr;il;.,r-7 eUl-rl--;i t C*+- t^t,S o3;l )u
.1lJ :j,-.I .lr;JL
lr ,r-+Jil L.r:r ui-;l;.r. ,iUl{? ,g..r,-, 6.,3'LLr
olrLi ("J &G+" !.[i ., ..2K;ly lf r-!L") ,:J ti>r d*K .:rrlt -.,, "$ *-..; 2-lr- ;'Jt)s L-e 12 x-4
)l ts:-,:, + S -u;;-S F.-.,- t+i J9 t J: -r;l,' e^bj; )ijU--l
.,,.t:i. + J f4' O,-l .-rl:5 t!) lr s-+Ji I 1.r.l i,,-t -.-l!j.t .A Orl n:V ,--;9- 6,-1 2r !r1 ;-u:, .rL c-l,c . L-l '!-lt.;
crl.J-="ii. ,5'--Z Ul; Jr orL .9|r.--rur .,r-rJi I .:-i l.r)
,tll ,-)t te-* ,-1, + "5lr-'r.:'r .r-'rJil[ ;i t9.l 'r2b
15 c-it ", J) dtl dJ.,t ;l;o. tfu..:-.1b s9;.':L t|'.1. 6-e.2: !rr5 .-,l;;;l l-2 .rf-- .*l ,,s -*-, )l;.rL .rbu t .tl- /
..ri-l; orl: g-\ Jl;- i/-l t $ .r.rl; ";J.s J.-;
Lri rttL YfYlfO .,-lrlu ,j.rit 'r-t-,Jl+-/-i .\V
. \-\v J6_:
DJ t* ./-t4. !l+ r- rl L; cr^; L r5 .r,or.r, ,Li 'U;., -Li,-:t ."r2i4 ,:t. + A-y I ;:.c.- ;l rjj* dl J: ,;*l
.;, .l ..ul; jj- ;L,4r t .rLj r-t-- ! oli.r, ,,L- l, ;*:;V ;:S r--..M2 ,Mt .i "; d,p_.r.b .r.rr4 ;l5 rr )K O,l .l) ,ttC. \r_5 lt-JC) c*t .-r.t; .-r,;J rsrUr ,r<i-)t 'n, t. d- 9 I ,_:-l
3 ,t-4 (u J.-l fu;r A Jrl-..) l, Ar --)t-c Mr;r .(I_\Vc-i5. Mz ;" j 1_;lK u. ,; ..1: ;lj f , ;l; iL;; 1r O*; LY ' y;) ..tF.r, o:1.: eL:; Be LTz G-_ ,,sr-. )L; ,r, S-;lI l.;.; .2, l_,, J*;l Dal Cr .g la;..i; Ma 2 Mz.(fr 1l .r- r; l-;
.rlj =:ttV e\- -,t ,St-) Lo+.Lii; ."r,:.r.r,r. ;L:; Ta 2 Tz ;V1-u:L ,.geL-.gb,J.-U ,,6_5)
"9y! .rt_ ,,u I tr-u, ",1'
,.rl_,1 I erl cL_ rg:r^.c u-l; :xj ,l; J=5,- 6,;1, ,4,.1 t.,B J.-, e I lr !t]i; u-l ts.:- ,!l .,2, _2lS t oV;4N \ 2
e-6. t\ }i .,r*,r, J-.L ;k*rl uv' jl ,.illq; 2 '-rvc
.i*r ,1L Jl;, + l, JtL 6-;rL '-;r.* .,ill*:e-a;11--...e 6-_L',tl ,?_V + J o',1.
,-L-;;l g--l d ;-l 6,-l t-t :J,;l'# ,-Eil lr.r-!iluu-,.-L:. t K! ,rr, ;:L--r j.z ^;1 ;i t- al u,S:L u-L11.
,6-h e-\rl .-r,i ";^' r, -,Li;l d/-l 4;*, .6**,.,,L-.r(,L
.r-+l[ L.r-r iL;l S $ .nlt, ar-l-r',1 L'Ur- '"-!.rgr-[Jl L.r.:-o a;5 l:.;, - \ eLt ,-.r .,,-$rL .-..-.;,
r r.E fL-+l L\ :1 t e;a\il L1\1: 63c 4lt; .*l .ttn-r)t-J .rJt .S t-t ^+iE .s$lr.. , )i j':l 6U;liL,...t:.ts-t/..,L i-r,-',; &j et;,'ur l'E;l .r-+lu
.gLi*; I e u-; pt-+l ,.rFl .glj g.9-\-4 dlt d^-.i lj'i Jrl
1L-+l ;\5r ,t-f -t, 3 ,f-n o"|t,..2)tr t ;;L 1; j'^l' l
r!-e ,.$.r, atu ,.\:;sf -2.9r r, ..1-2!- t=- nU'6-?
CtV t-to')l rs-* + -* +iE 6tt'r rP 'trPs"'VLt), GJ rlu-.| .;r .- Jr'l;r ,gt> t|V 4. ;Ftr
vlql ;L; - lli .Ki-, .r-+lU Lu 6.51'ep r' <r;$.tl1u. u,--a I t" ,-ts.f
4 .f, tr-Pr€ e=o, )-t-L'-l U o\+ E fx;.-2.J 1sW!!; ;' ;!:l;:l; (r l: tr Vtl t:St- +lr'tl; gl, . ;: ;"+ \-\Y J<* +,5 J_r4, M '*L ,551 u*;Id,,-l .r-r-cr. .rb .r!-l^; ABCD L, ! J=..";t ,- :-r'nr,r. ;l;
,,. ,e\,c 1r1 -ro l; J=r,;l esr ,ft{+ Jei' J:.t; n- ;t-l
-4
lfv s-.$ilu Jt-u Lrt.rl+* .\V
.c*.1 ri.jr 1 ,L;,.gr-r.-c t s_o t [ol; ,rFl ,*- rl .;, efr- ;: .-l5,r. Jf + (t.r- At d.-riJ" jl Mt ;V' .p J.tr;lDo.:l .tS tr ,5r- oa L- er 1l ;U ;.&r L. J::.rl Jrl j+r,d.jl+ .d*l uS ;l -;:= ,), **l c"U
"$l ,_^c r_ EsV
dr-l d*L c* -2r .-r5.r. ,-* qr c.L_ .2r l; d;;.:* ;iL-,o;l' :l G iti; t: ai.ir rk- .r.l .1; S ,e, ,:L_ ,lar !i Jr+tt .-S; cSr ,j o,l 15 L.;i ;l .c*l ,*.rb .;L!1, stX- Li 8;.l O,:er.c*l _a- ) 6)re .9, Jq+1.r.. jlr.';l ,6,:e.s L;l ;:, : d"rJ- .j"u; Jqj ! Jr_r+ .rl+ .S.r l-r. k;l; Jk+ L; ..i-Lj .-^iU c-_ Jl .r,Sn:,ror.r. al.J b sil, cSr- grl4i.j, i-D !; O,,l ,-*j U_l
,t .1; l.; c.s..-.1q+ J.i ,rr.l )qj t_ d r.* ;-r Jl G_. -l.o:,r. r.r t;.i ; t, il-J
,.si. 4. --.:Ju- )) .tf ,r,i<j,r !;; l, r* er: ;k* Jo-sL .r-- Jl "J ,-r- ^;.a ,!._ a.t_t ,,ltrr:- .l cJr_ ;t,sl---; ,* Jr-t+ 4_ rr *! .Lt*+ !; ,*! d_;.r, J1l Jl,a- u-_lai;r e5 .r,....r _oq? t; tL- ;'- L. )s* F-lorlr .;L:.J .9-,..i r-.gl,n+.:;i -:_, el: ! -r,_! S.r, ,Sf Ar,.;G tn4.::.ij -L;t ---2: :-r,_i J*r dr !r-rr,' ,k7 .,lt(;., U :;d_.r-t, Jr. :..r::.iL.,..g-r"J - ,_rrlK-., ,S a;i. e",,(.*)L4iiL -u;[ .r.r+ _,l11 aq+ .tr".i ]l- ^t.sr+ -,k: Jr*.+o-r' blt.s.;L>U_r.rL5 { l_,..,kr !; o,_ I Ll .c_-r .ts4 r; LbJ' ,',,r(*if; ul* L_i S o-V uL* ,J
5r t* 1,1 a\ ;* r- ,LA v -t".J-il i;t srl':;li'-rl'r,rr rrLlJ 5'-t L\i " tSlJ..i;
Lbi JU;L Yft
,l
d!'1 d-L- f,- ,lrb ,L:; ! ok: J"; ;l g;;"L JL-
!:*) ,rJ t:*\ cS'- 1.> r'f ,-!'-: ;13! 'l-Ll )t 'S ,tlilr;.r, orlr .rti V-\V J<- .92tL t,2 2'' 4-l ,:.r\a l:"r-l.r'
ll5
Ma
M2
2. Hermann Minkowski'1. Wilshlre
lfl !r-+jlu ,F;ar L.r, ..st+_rr.? .\V
-<- !t u-rr!:-;,_l .-*.1 ..s-{ ,q+ u*.rl;l[ ;L, _rl.u,l ;r L:!-;r 2 ;9 4l:; ,9,_) ^,.
.t.,,,-L4.rlr,. r5 .;l.Se 5r.=L-
"k- !_rL;,q jl.1 .r:_rr d:; \), rr ,r-..rJi lU ,15-r,r ;l
trls ,Slt.l, )e.S a-l u;o:
JL{+ L; ,t_ttr .tS ,-:-L- lJ+ r, , L-L; r,lL
.*.ia;l.r .9l.rL .rU l.;-.2r J-5"r..
| -a.L)rJrd -rd r. ,lt-+t .-.) )a t ),
.r$lr*. ? 2t .2e't;l r -lr!-fteb arj.j l- ,n .l" jL .11-r.i r3.-..e ,rrFrl t_ .1U;;r'(Jl .91.r.1;
'Kt"-,s
J*L_, ,; 4* ;l c*l ,.r-:;,., jrb L,,t"la U-l l1 ;; rr,. u-l_2 ,; ,rf..,_;.-r c*l ,glu.u-u:ja-.
,-S* L':l i5 JL r) ,;*l ;t- Li; ;U-, Lu,F- Gr- r,iL ,;r_l-' ,1 ;;j; LF, ;, .;*l _,2; Lp 4
o,-l s219t9 14tr
6,: L_k 4 + r,t+ 6* Lk cL-.{;-S 'f + cF-)rxL;t .* J"+ -fi,'
c! ;r ;L- !; ..:t- . -"; ,rl'. e.b; ){J .5 2,.LLa '-yo.,l ll.:-+ 1'rY .;*l nS- !t (at-r{:-r rr,-15 .K;.'
\ cr:; {-;., );' 'u:; L a:;lr ,-r4 Li g5L;;l .r'-9; 'i(*l-t; eJ" rl "i*
t ,4- ; l-2,r, r;1.l ,";.E-,r, ,-91$'-,r r qAy'
iLL 2, u- 6- ,.- tt-r,E-$ ^5 # l+ s;-) \ ,t-L.t, p !-rL; ;lrtL; " G-\- L-h;.'u, ;L*; l; o-u orl'>
.,*l 6-+l ),-L-
LrJ; t; i;l ., .,lrL- Jl.{- },t; i-^:; L-}) )'ua;V ,st*,y:tr ':l=-X 411r r., ^l;-1bL' '-u;'-r .r:- L-
.,*. eJ"- rl-rl ,tt 1i ,rt -l ! f--+ "l tS u" il 6e J
,6rr Jr (r*;- ;k+ L; e!- -'I.'ul -,'' .r-llQ t) P-rr -rr +ib gQl.t:. r, u.-- !r^- t-.-- at-l Ji -="; cl-;, r,pY -r,5o.5r- {.r::--^r G-\- LE '5),rk+ -t} 'l'r-lK.:,1l(+l .sE t .r!- d- 17 .:e;' ,,-2a; 6'-l 2lere r4n ,9e'- 4\br? ,S ai -ts, \ ,)* ,"8J, +)f J.r-L- J,3L ;g1 ;'t.t) t l, "-tVnsr:r.tt- JL-ol ! +ry e5 -*+ o,l .:lt
.,,-L...; I -u-:rr,- 1.f r5 -*l .:{+ dt-l r, KJ. ,rtl5..r,l ri'-
zBL ,,- l1r .Sg 4;,rl-j - t5 .t-+lrlL lL:-L ;r ,r'i;-L;,r,n ,,-,!- ok+ L; ;1ip:^;- E )*€ d*' .;,t \;;l*.tr -tst + Ji .r- lr cS)- I I c*t F eL't '"':'--L-
J,et U-l ! .r:.r.r- ,ol;- I A) ,tL .rr--.1 t- ,gL;zi 1, ..1L- ,-$l 6.4. ):*^ .':-1lr .*L iJ"-
L"i .t(-, rr .-,!- .-,k+ t; UL, G-\- E.c-+ .r-L-
l0\ !r-{ilu
.r-5 .rL 1.2 ,:L-r; ,::lC ,7r+- ), 3 f*-Jrl, .r, Lo,c:*l or-f ts.s& .tj-:,:I_ c*L .lr* u;i .c*l ;jiri.-r--: t .t-t 11 J !;! jpW,:..lii.9l{,,.i, i._o:23. _,2r a5
-rl ,roV ,-rs. tto ectb +.r-i3" d,,- I rr ;r,1. r:,1 .,1;" I
.K;-r 6,-y..,L .< .-+ F 4l .r*rl s.r"& )t*) iI:,.:* L-41 ;.r ,2t5 JK-l Jt .t:*l i=)L 7r.+_ _," .rL_/
.51-r- .91;[ (r .n .;t o5 c*l ,ra Ki*, --.L: t ,rt J<-;1 e1,- ,a -r:5,r. .+ U, fo L .t<j*.l 2; ,;sj \ r^- .-u:L JrL(:.2- -t" It u! 'L 6lr;o lrL- .c*l ;,,L ,9f-, rt u!t".5
r;iJ .rl.rt 4\, u,-t.;:
aqi-- l, i..r4c a" l1 .s,r& )r*) d,,l 1l-!l ,lt :;-J3"'%..,- ll ,LV ,r:u i;rL , ).15 sl _ty-" rL; ..:;lj5e5 fril' Jt .,*l.-JF ,L* , dJ t rr t, lq:-i3";l .r-!.rr.i jrk r9V I ss*);r_l .e*l ,x a.'i ri a, iU;;llri,t 6f+ 1.,' .:-2lt .21.r!) (Jr*J t{+ ,SVsrD t <uf>l;u g.'l,1,)vlD Li J, lr i+i ,F t) ,. e*l .:<.., .,l:;Ku.rr,ral l.6i_ I
.-.-1 .1le -,ltl o,_ I g<i ,s\ it+ ulrrr l) lrr-) r::lr4
Lai rltL Y0'
;*l )t-t".ri -,r jyD (rL, - S .9L-;l gJr) ,s-L-.t -*L:,_l aS (,ldsi ..r-U sau- L 2 rJr^-.a,r<,-j* !51{j.5 l{!l
a-.ur;,-L-:i-l .1il- i.Ij .., ei o9.:*l J-l #.,i-.,i -, t-!
-,VU) )l .':.;1 l; ;i aJ c;1. ).t+) a-r-t 6'l ,*u. ,sl;K-L ,;*; .iL*U-r Fr+ L-* Ll .r;el ;L; 'i, j,....
1l;l et- k; -* u-l t6-rr'"9L;,i i;!1.' ,.:*l ,91^'-j:
: 1L-rl rur i;L;r ;-l ;i,-p slu-A 6Jq ,c^* JL;,)L ;L:'l-; )l jr+ l, oi ; lt.r- ;j' o-- \,:.tt fulr-+ .,Ui - l, dJK -2,,- iiS -r,-! 6 u ..2Lrl )A.j ..:;bJ"L+"K U-| ,; J*L:*- ;1;;i;FL-,"!jrcL5,, ; l;,.r, b;-J "S 'e ,s-l ,DK ;)a:- .4;ut,;2 .3*
..51o,.; L:.; rl ..itx ;U .r,k Kll t tj .;a-; ,;.1-t rtW
r-+ti. sL ,;"--. ;t=;l-; -2" l; <;11.,,- Ls:'n 1 r<1-.2ztt bf.91-orL:-; ;r. t,\,."J i-* ,s-5.'./!-,6t U- e-rlKJ ,.rr"
p. lrq a, nm, )ti) :u,.',,f a,{r o;s 4 t's ,F.t+.;L_; .9Gl L.:..; )-r- t ,r,b d,- 21 (.:jr- L2r .9L r, trrr .1
jl (nCosr.r rrlogr.ttr/-l.n Yn )L).r;r*,r, 7U ,;1.! ;l -2r r5
.;-;lS ,,er; L.;:- J.-' i)i-t , .J :; eL.-l 3l ,, ..,,L;.:,-l ;YrL;L- JrL| ' -r'v'
-, .--+ElL 5F, ^t 6.t +-L- l1 ,,-:,-l..rl ;,,-l 'LJ- rr;
v..,-z' --l ,o j> t tS * pe) iL-12 r i5 ..r-.rJi I i\=r-2\-- . t'r
.,I .-4J I o,_ I Ll .:.sl: 6;, ,6e e* l.; .,':l,l.. ..r54-j* + ' '\r-:- .rqj !^r 6t=.;l .';L -lrti l; L S ,-F J'l
:lr. ,51r, ,911 Jl :srl.> ot e ! .._-t .r_ | + ;l;l ;,1 (.$,l ;l1 q_;L- s r="N,r obli; ;l 1.2 ,i ,_u;L ,.fr l_.r .4l:;-,,-,'l l1 ;l .-r5; .9 -=i; _3 -h;l ,rL.:I^_ ;l )ir.
.€U.r. Jt"il4zG"t "J a--:'t.,, lt *-.r1.,r"
,..,,,-kJ L !y J* p* Jl "*rr L ,,. ,ju"u.;;lr-)$ d rrr"L" \ ut)r Lt ,:1 11,, " .a-4
'1$ sl'2 6l;u",41 ,,$ .g---., ,aro
1; ,r^r I ii=" eI"
.,-i ..'lr. ulJ4 a*; eK
YOf rr-$jlU .r!;.r Llo .sl+..rr .\V
.K.-.' .'-L .12, ^ ,pi _;le-; cL- Jl .,F,,rt .1: l; L;; 4_l
,i drl ,-i;! ,:sa. tt!.;L-l;r .93,r .,,troi lJ rl t _--<,;,li:. 19: .roi _r !r"i ;t;L- .S c*l 4, ;L .rl f k,t q-- !U- 1'x-c. erlr! ':: j?,:- ;-, so ,t-l ',i 1r ,c .l
Jl tS rr tl ,;_S tz,.r.[i- r l.rr J S "*€.;)t!l ;lrl;L-5-_;,! + .rly i-a r 3 '* j_* ,s-,_I Jr-;Q+;l 4;t(l
"l.|,l.; -,' .!E e" dr-L S ,.t$rr aa; ,$ ;l
Jpk+ : ")>lis.,lr,l
;l 6!;_11 nf ..r!;- ,|J.',.,- r.,
)*; 1) .5a;) ..-p.f .rl- K ,_t- 1 I L a--; ,.,.1191 "f.r'
,,
:lt ),^a t ^S ;*l ,:J .-c5 gl q tl SrS Lc.r| .i5 .i.5.
-ror.r, dl;l +-r+,,l .r_1 tsD at 3.r,r,1, .c*l ;t-<, ;-'tg,- l :;,.1 a, 6,) 6Vr 6 "Jrr l)*., )*.r. s.-)J6'zlez 2: .$ ,=;:13. ;J ^:- ! .J ;-+ ,9,-l-11 ,92V u jG,s,t) o-;a alr rr. l),"_);
^S ;r1 ,;.-- 6[+1,,J*r.- o,l )l
,,j -r,-qL >-S .Jr-r, q-. ;t a-l 6 $ 411, ,;\2:,* arl t ilt,s- b jtlr- Lt ,:l r.;L,rbt";,l ul,--4-t, )'--l j_t|_.,,- Ll ,:l ;lr,l a5 | ,;-i< J,-l .rj ,tLjl d:- r, i I ,116 .;-iL -rerr. ul;o jrL d ,irli;tl- 5.- rt sL_ Si L 7:r1K.4,;L5 lr -il:; !,l+.*;C.lt .fS "',aLi l; ,1.- .r, .r- I c4) c*.,:l^- -,r r r:^+
The Philosophy of) sJ; 2 l-.ai .i ; li al .: '11) -13 * 4-S 7j-1 Y
(,rJ.;tL, J."-jl{- 6\ot,: t:.;L;,r .a* e!4r (SpaceandTime( The Distinction between University and Differential Forces )
*1 "x ,::::. jl),.i r, \ idA JL ,, .t
Lai Jh;L Yol
l=lo[1 * B(T-Ti].
,r.:.ni t iL Jl **l ;Llr LL+l :._r- B J:.j ,t-l >6f9 Li'V;l t r )U t- .,- il r;q 1 ';l: uolL .21'ti' B'*l1 + !L+l ;,-lrrL ..--l ;eti'; ;i )l-tii, ,.L: l, .! ':; L;iL b .9l,")L ;l ;r- ,
"[>V ,:*l 611 125;i or l,-- plK:.n
.$u. as 6.'iJrS e..a; --ro u'f eiL;l 1l .r-, | IL )2.5 JV,-L.- r, * J) t l; .,iL;1.; J:,j ,,t-l :t'-rK. p 2' u.s'
;r+ J:.5 g,- I ,rf .r,-.21: )V 4.'2il u.
I = to tl + F(?- To)l t1 -C(Z1cos'?C)].
aS c*l ;\- .-.,1 \, aL- c 1':.r
;-u:5 *,-.a. '- '-r,a cr-l ;);* L1f ;r ..*l .rL-<,- 6+ t,"rlr liF ; l.r=. -,r-;r
L:.5 .t, p2l-ri., -u;L r4lrL /S >yl.,rj .'1-..1 6;-1.$ gt,:*l;,uS g--., ,=--ro .rS r',- ,;Uj- rly a, .-*; :f .j-*b ,+rF rl r|..oU .,.r- r ,*-t-* fr. (f- m ;tfy .2" \ir-J:;.:r -rl.rcL: .rl-r:.1 : ,) .*. L-sl.t ,:p-Q: ,9 j ';lsl
"J=.d/-l ..r:S,ri t:*l u- t- .,:-ni .t, 6;-l I ,.91.;Lll : .ry .I"" 1
'r:lrrr Jr..'\+ il cL- o'-lJV t JlJ,-.!q+.rlrl o,-l 6 'Jrr aiDl ;U1l .r"i5 aL;-l;.rrU ^!, ..:r,- y;. .;;U i5 6' .rL{lLL.rr ;l;; r5 'uL;irr,J lJ.- .-lil sJ ;l 3\;;, ^, ,.r;,ni 21.1,r uL.;;;L ! ,lr.r. l,+ .'J blt (? r3L ..,1y1
'-s-r ,lt )lJ o,- I Ll .d^;lr;3r rr
p-rY J.9--; lf+ .ilil rl ,rl;l,i,- ;lrl u.z.:^; 6lr' ;, ];e;,6 )tJ 6 qi t *.+l ;t=. t trlta .y-l )l i;- r--i
Y00 , .-J+!ilU , & ', Lla .rt*: i; .\V
.:!_,:lJ r l) q.;i 6 d"-..a O,_l Jlt-l e^:;-.!,.ur; l.r.. el_;p
s;iL-|, t !_! l_,grt_+ c*+ ,J.rj- ,"_J.hj .=*L.J,_+
J-41 U-l .tt tS + te- u, t-V eL_ti F "91L.rL ;r 6u-l ."; )lj 4.i ,J.
";, ;l u* -qL e5 c*l 6)* s3.sg kj:-:. )J. -r) u".?.-o .<J,'1 ,..:; L-};
".;3".1t t.c! i .j-.1
,.:*l "9-r,_-r-
Jr;; k+ ;ljlr9.2V 2 ,_i u. ,-;1_ ..ro_i ;, e5
r, rS .'y l-r,; )*t C\ € .ti-' O.,l jU.jl ;r-r, ..::*l ,-;rl.a
o,- I JI .f++ :ri 4 ,,a.t-,r-*.1- rr!.:....."- LJ .;L;.Lr Jl;.-uL -rrlF F{". J lj* ;._l ,{-" u3* i[i--l ;.*r
"9ly ,r-lJlL L- 4 ). ;)el ,.glr; Ut'',',_l $ e,al;i-" .t SK;'-' .Vl;-cl..t :; ;i 1 ."911_2 i:,Vl;-cl ,rb .rilll L;"i
.i--r:-n ri t-,.; i ,l trr, ,tr. o-rr ,tl .e-rJ ,-rr'\* l,l; r--r,:r 6,_l ,c*l .Vt,e. ,_9 j,;lsl 2l;l ;;;L ;r .r--r,Ji I
rl2-l ..::* I .:*;.,[ '[-L ud;cl ;r,-l .;;l3 rL5 + blr,r-L-r,u e-5 .:*l 6,,1 ..r,;; {iJ GL*J;,K.r,r;l ef 6f,_: )2'.t:..)Ji lL;.-l -\,_q, ..;-+ Lt^ ,-IV;pi,-.,r e5 l.;i;l ,t, .,-+ltju/l;r-l a_l .c*l 16;LL ;L5l;rl y r(c .t t,o,j.r ! ,u-i..r.r ,r-l
,r- k^: ..r,_-r,, ,K.h z* 4. '?6 t,.r,lS.sl.:; I ;Ujl ,r.oi(
>y ;r,-l ;l;.cl ;Lal LL Lr., Ut *4.slLl (-iL; ,L;t i,),[:;L 1r d il.r,,ri 6 Srs lS ,sl,-* I L ;pi r(
.S r--+, lr s-.rJiltj ,r,-tjG-:'a tl S de *.,rn:ilry r tl ,.-l1 -l=-.? lr
,r*4li | .5r11-r"i- Jt;\, obrri- 1 .:.; b,r, u11221., l:.-. a_l
l-ai J{tL Yot
..> t v-.^ t 1 .J*l o,l..! ,,,-,. .;!L:-t.rF .JL. ;,_l ,r r5.:-l
;117 Lt ,rl f*a- u; eat bt+ blt,rr. \ :3q-:., #; ;,-l
.r, +3V .*t J.", ,l .Jr.rq+ tt 4 -9_' j) ;t .;t: 6>i
,r3.l +,{t ).ti J,l o,-l ,;l ;" 3 ^'_};.r, r[;l t l, U^l*. Jrt.e.:La )l-15 g-,- I 6,,1-
:;-l c;:; L"k .2: .:J o-:a ;:lt grc-p.. p)..*L. s-+lL JLj - U"i 'lK*r.s!- rt';l .;*l;J6. bj rl riL .9la;14, .1r 1.2 1L.-| ,fVl t .tl .:l jl.21 uJe :rS4 r*- Ul+. 4-l; cS r- rKu.,.U-+t ;,tttj);r, ..:*l ,--e[- ;L.1 - 15 )U;L +-]; a-1.2t -9_, ;-bLi .1:lr ;ri'- ,.sG ,:plt @ ,Gtl7 .LL+ l,rt-- .,l+ .=-,).15 .5;[- :lr" Lt 2 +it+ .rU l.r,- .r;[i r_e.-1 1r! .gy-j, U
.ili*- -,t{- rr., t+) )lt e rt.5 1., ..I..:, Jl .lrl.' ;L-i_.sL,r,.;ti .9--5. ".
i-..i !lJ,! .;Lr7 l, t"u i.rrJ .rL 612 1.1 ,;-: O,l Cl.i+ lr iiG-). a"1r1,
Jr;k- rl d-t,Kr-r,jl" ,6* -J rU-" .,i_j.; i_-.le;
t &-lr r, ,.:"-,- .r5.r. oat !., AS GtV L-; S ,j 1 .1:1.1
jr; L-.b.t(;i ,,.r;r-,r. fr: + Jr-l.e+ yt ;i ,t*. *- .,6,,_l .at_ .f.E ,*a 4 jl ;i ,l.a .5 ,f ej s_t-b r_\ l,Jr pL-'l Ll ;l t &\,;tl i;L-)r ,1k li| .rl .:*l t'jts ;L-6L^;- ot;-.r_t .r*Jit .l3p rl .rtr pl3,t +it: .rUtr:.,.:.1- il;-l Jr .rii,r" rL-:, t Jr-r q+ ;t;l Ll ,xil,r, .;blc'lrl .r,L)s. je r l, ;l;l o,_l s-+lt; ;L) - l-ai .K:-)!_+ .,r'. )r \A. ,l c,t:- .:!_ .r!1r., (:.+- jl4l sL .9ri,6L.:l .7pl I tt-+l ;l ;a^.- d-+ tj)l J,_, Ut ,r-ii.r,rr J-.-.- q+ ,.-l;l ,t3 2 6 :e $;--;tr'"rl., .:r.:a &.\\-1 Lr ..:15,L, ,LV:.t) f
-L
YoV s-+L!lu,riy;..r Lru .51+_r,_l .\V
.,iK ;jtil +. \ )6;2.r-- t J,J Jl "S _ ,))IL*+
.r[ -i ;l , ,.,
.Jt* 6/ f-4
,)*.,^i ,,t .-. oL*i I
,i..J o,l--A Lu r --.- r
-..-; , <. -: iL-..s n-+i ,l t-r-i;
6)t) , 6t,-u-or e,.ri-p .r+lrli; ./ t{+ r, ,L*l , L:;r 11 .-rSi, (J*-rJ-t | )Uj-L J_r<- I l1 .r_ r=UlU )U;L 4' -u; _i,r l; rrl-;
'd -=J!'--*l ,' ;[ .-Lt.r,.J* & ."r* ctt Jt C-)V + lr .,-r^l-ilL L-ur ai ,,1r,_l o,l ,,11 ; ,9;u, Ll
-liJ+
e; :l s;41; rl= , i[i\;t c;4 LF, J\ ,;- .n-,c-r .r,",_ 1.r c--^'"l- g;l;[ L .,,l ;; f* 3 ,r* i-.\; .2 ,]2 ; l2 If r:lyrr e j'y i.{- I b r'*,, *1 .r+lr l ,*; JVr*
.gl tS ^. eL-;", ;-' a=a
1r4 5 l; .r*-r,:.a ,LlL f-r_;- f ,L:) -L tJlj
,,_ L jl !+ JL-l< I ;: ,-,"4e us 1:+ tt )-l J* t J*. .r- L .r --a, ,9\1 4,"r )., d+ri-r3, ;rG a5 J* .-b.*.9.u;L aJ, 1 'tW ..,,rc, .--.,.c :rL il;;*-.1. ! .r5 .- t1.u .2 -r'ar eLe \ 6JE- , )SJl Clr"l+( L,; 114;r, ,r-l; )1 €-, i t"r*: j,\J- erl 4rf-rr !t) {-; t:-2\-i-;.! 6 s,til1l )li .-r;r, ,_F U, F..S-- t
;r-u LtjJt ,-'l,rrj ,,r L; r3.- ;l ;l..;l : -lr!* lr- .J,fy 6'-1 1 :)) r' -i: r3,
6-t La ti g-lr^l Ll :i,r. a;-; l, !lK-'t"L-t nl- t,:l ^-zJ .,rr,r. ,t!rt :t1; ;K- f, ,.U*f
| ;.1. ;l ,gl,tS gG s ,r* J-r.. .rrr :S )1 ,s,4 .;6;VN
t5 ru;L Ydt
6 e* l 'r-r,.rt .1,_'t, ,&,, .c :l:; L. l_r U ,gtf' .,.
,jJr/ 4_ a; --a. Ls\ '^; ):ils ,r9 ,_.<.5t t "*:;
i1 re-*
);4 ,r*\s, "r;lF (s,[ -; f, Uli ,rf r";i .;*l .,-+lU.eL-;;LrL 4 ,l t 4rJr.r rl3L u-! ,t .:*l .r5t2rtj s ;,*l /;*t. t (ira. ,- Vi tS n-J rf I r, L ,r,-."- :Jl.2rl
.c*l ;LK, c\":)t; '.lr "-bt,5-j
iLi; r, c.. : ,.5tr!.c
1 ,"-4- q9 L;a l-,; l-5 4j- <flr l_r 2r L .r,_9i - Ll
.c* I ,r;*i:LS t--ya ';Jt L r3.;- ..1:l.r .;lL- 1.r ;rri, ;21l,"-- 4_Vl;:Jllrl ..r* r=$li: i-La.; !r:.ar .rLr ,r+.,.
'* +S; J S
;L"i.i rl ,:L- f :3.; ,. ut - ,,_|o, .rr'>\, .--j,5, .r.-.c*l -* L,-, l!4 ,c*)L- p:lSi*i * iL.-t 6 u-;;bi i j.!+;*l ;,5.- "/'l 'S L ,:f1I 6, ,ettS.; 1r-:;l ua;; l-l .-ui lcr, t!.; 1. ,g"r^-, JL .lr 15 *\ tS 1t^..fir 1 ;-r,-, e l-r,..2r .lr':.lj..a J) tr* ,;-; ,\<i Jl u_l
f-- t t l: .r*[i dll.t ozr; U-l ,l"t .$ rr. J::- .,el,-h ". "tlSe. -* ,+ ! )t.t t+ 6;1, ,--r,r ;14, 113.-r,.-r,5 ;rlr. .r- l.t5-r ,9tV lelo: t. 6.: -i. A ,Sr, U- _r,-i,r,
af .'_.,1.r( ;i:"-c- i;u, t*l uJ -rr ,-gl;lr I *-S :+q,^t\ tSt ;t ;l .l-':tSu. ,tlt u,,. q-r-,{ .tl-ril ; l',jLa,A .-r.a -h + ,,srG ,-.r,_r ..11.r=..1 r5.r, ;rb 44 ,,jL,,,l; Q:l ,l \rb,.. 6 $u. .;t-e;,,1J ;r,_ I ,l ./_l+-_t ji !-,.o65i ^S 'jna-t; \-;L1i a,.t .sl ,52,:*l .r1.,,,i;I L;;:2 tir;-;Jg & -! c-;[,r--rJlL .t_,[;;L tl;rf 6A
-4
1.., .; e- g;$!-i;l ,l;.,. .rUi= | g-l ,,glr, 6 { rr, fj o, _
l.:.i rl:;1- l0AYoC s-l.ilu Jt+ LJ- ,satt
,E;l ry J<..- Oti.-...-, 6,r,-I,"a,_p r, ;. : g Lr5-_1j ;,,_ I
t ,d):, 6,112. l_2 .;:2: 15 r l.r,r, .r L:-; ;LL--l _r,r^; s-rtc.\ el +3 671\: .rb .*r 1l ,6r,L r,,l .',)Wl ;yr,.; ,! B,
"t_ -.+!- .rLj ," - ,S)s; 3 4 .r="1 ;al ;;1.,.,. ..(; r:-;)t
l. ut 3 ,lr .'li:-){5 .r-:i lb : -r,-! .rl+. I ,rr).il-u .a,lr.r---- ,;^--J1.>.,, j Lr.e,; 1.,2 ;i , ,J.r. .i ;i 2r .r=1,
.t;S..,llltal L ..:*rr, (t: + 4l uL-r: ,*;r .r+ Li .,Iii; I
6,-l :-u;.r. a;;b ..ri 3U 9.:*_L:r,- .y J..; ,.,'.; I J-r. a5 r_r1
J7 .2' ,gl+ ^ r( ;lr!- ,\*a us; )l r;rr".!(- Jr..ttJu" ;3r- or-- ;l ;1., t .,,_tr;l-r..;.r i.6,9rJ3l .2 i;1.,4rp c*l ajl)Kl .rL.rl..r:l;l ,;= -* ct_l S _u;,U i-,,-
,l1.c 1l'; J-r. ..:1,_ dFL 61, p u;;rs ,;.- ,;2r,1 ,rgla.a
.r"t3i;,,_t ! .rr,1 -,l5 t l_, J! Vr,- t - t,.t,, Jl u* rSe,K,, "91..,: a;;[< riiJ ;, ,; a, ,.- _..-.rl.r rl .,_lar,:- e5 ; I
t,LI uL-X.L*.*., .,,L- u.-t, fjy J1, .;*t ,* ,,.r"a: ,71
dr:^! 1 -L; ! f-.?J .-l.r U ,5r-t-t \.r-,L;L "l;l i.a ,,1.u; tL-u,o -..-,-r n-Je 3 t, ;l2rz.)f u_t ,St ;.-,r_Ll "!-,J.u ;r -b,, oJ) r=J ,ys ;*b t,-*l ;'5-r!.r+Llu
1 ;..-; ualt ,fl*l t* ,(.:*l -r,rr;
.,-,l.rls dlrl Ft,--*'tcsra )* cI_;l a-:.^.o -,,1i "l4,=l.r;L {-;lJ 6, rtL:;l ,p, -r; l- o-) ri
.t<-:*, ,jl jlj,-l
o!*: 4_ r- ts ):z-r,_L ..5e JL ;,r 1r
t, sl: re );t-L r',1 rf rja .:J.c j.^.t + ':.j))f rt- tzt 1 J--t1 {--./ v-
t JlU.-':/.,L el :; ;,rL ;r,-1.,;1.( -2L5 '" l1 ,,l ,rl5.. I
,^*t
;-u;i ..'-::-..r' ;l -r:; L 6-re f.-..- al,- ;'iL ir:.r.r'i-!.Jl ..5.r. 6- * l) r-.,-,- J,U .9Qi. o;L aJ ll..l+.,,itil d,,l ,.,.1c eJfL 1ra; ! ;'r:--; t rJ.. 4- .sl-, tJtr
l; u-clpl L-}; uI- jl .rl4:+ 6, t-r,a: J-S L r5 r1l, 5-..1
2lil il7 t'922\.a; ;ia ur16 + + ;17-l .rb ebt;-..-,- a5 ;lyl drl .rJ {t -u-! a:5.; 6,.1 ,, .cJ[ ,rlt,.f f11.,
r-,;|e .:*l j,,r-n L-*i' aI 1l r"$- 6--t n-t L-k uL-
L--h L>-t,'lK.:.n ., ef c*l ;1.'lr-l ;Lr 1l .:*;, d,,-l .4JL 2r e5 plr rJi; \ lt ,S:-ts, .+rf C-)- lli ,.;,b,. -!lr 2r ;l^Ji ;lJ-ra ,:1,- ! .^..,; ;r!r, ,.s.r \1f '
.'e. 63.aesl J; ) ,f'-S,-r
.:.JL;=1rr :;)5 15. $s<!.:*l 01.1i L.r!-; ,4_,..
-L-+ +;r + J-j ,'15:r .;l _2r <'! JJ ll;a.p r, ,,.rt, g-!.;:a; .S e* J.l r:1 ,..rr,a ,t5 t ! .lrr ..:; eL1..o ,r$
4t l5:A .;l <'!:Jk;;.pl ,prl, g- !.
e-.r fl+ L.ur il;-l \ 2 '2 ,.32-i.N.5,l o-V Lt',r;SLl .rl.r -;; .8,? S lr r-# J" Urf .5t ;? r?.f+ill..;5. Niels Bohr
-1
Yt\ s-litu (Jli rrQi,i . \ V
C*: 2 J*|
f! t)(Jr t^j>
d*r Jt<-: I .91;b e5
L .rJe c* I e*;r
;13;t*1 ,:-.:. J-SL.J:5
',1r, ::l: i-L ^l
tr . r-,7 I r ;-.'r l; ,, I a5
-1.r .C*:; ll ; -91J-SL ri;;L irLr, L ;tr ;L, ;iq ,r lK-+L ,-l ,t-l r J b4..tt )lr..l S .,, -f ,rii.L [t .Srno- tr U-r. ! lr lxJr(L u,r. f, j! .r- l, dr_ I ;! -+,.L!j!j 6-r-i_ I ;l-uL; ,S 't fit J.U n,l .rlr .rt r-+,t"*,ssf JK-l o,_ I -!.s-.-F, t i,rQaq91-o-1L;L
.4, i33-;U, ;i J.--;i )l Jl.,L JlLa., ).J U-_/ 61.6JL; t* s$ 6r.-, ;l ,s-. L3,.a-- 6:2) 16 :u; f:l. ,,'9! ,1i
"3U L-; u.S--t 'l;l ,, j,;
.grL-=L r-_ra, ,,F; JL^ . LIJ J_51 ;tjr4 ,, K.1l 6;jS ;t elt*; .ssyl .r;1, ;lS ,t \; 2:
t ,sF-",r1- .s$l 1 L.il 1r .r" E .s q^-l ,,:*tl. ,J 6L
orb u-j e,rL di,1 Jfu d l.g.j I d/l a5.il .e -r,.rr-. r" l2;i,.g l-o-:r:, !r:riL; a5 l1 (J,$r. ; l_r,t;;;lr .rjs-j J.i -).jl.l^;
d-r^ L:; jlb J;S ,s. Jp ,bX tc.^,- .r;1.9_r.- r._ g; L;! ;r la; t
)rt L-r.S,',- J"_'i) o*<."r, .; I o , r i r.[il ;;:;- 4-l :.2 ;:,- LJt ;$r;LJ i-iii- ;r QL_FL ,-sr-- r_ ditd-r. aJ .:*la.;:i;l gL:; yL-.r^- i;ly . ,,; ^ 6:- t- ,gVi;: u,!12) )i y .r-!r.r. dLJ .5 c*o (t: + ;U;i ,t )- 4u:e -h +. b;l ,*6- Jin-- rrUt- ,d;l{-..!. ,lrri -,Yl,il
LI
,.rLJ I!5 \S- I
,J6r
6. Max von Laue
,.4,
.rq---| il uoY ,g,lzi :1; 6 -te -b+.-r;E -'., .-L
Lai rliL Yt.
,+ ;.,--l ;l ;J .d.-. a J "l..;L .il .rril1 d-. + tlrs'.
e + "t- et' dr+ K;- I ,l J'r lxJ L '11: 'L-..1 ;l'j;
ore u,-l y--;.-r,L- -*r J-SLr, t*-jl JL-,I ,FF' ) ;-tt! ,rL uJ,- .gtiil .J:jK JFL rL;;L ) "J C) ,-sr,'-yL.,
^S
.g l.o.;; r. l1 ;':ll1 LrL;2 -r;.t-:u^.rb .;Li 3tl. .:srr 5 ,':1, -bY + lr;l+ :^.f o. J-a;' Vi + #UJ
.;-J rr 'lt-l 1i\o: 7; ul,rtr5,- U,<, + .5J 21W: ,t-t l,-11 ;,.r*r,
c,.,- I *( r-++ ,l-u:.r ;L-ra;b 1 -r,-! !: lr-t ,;i3i,L,., .pI!l Ll, U . 't ,, ,-*l: ,sV; )V 5,:.-\; J-tla;
dj:" Jt<-l ;,,-l .g-;l'r ;fL &.1, u'Vi -,WL ,55=.-=,^q;-lil i-urr
":+L-; ,rl-:.4 -i' t- .r$* tf r. 4
.+ .r.* gl.zL;l .r- -r-l d ,.r'r.-, n-" ;^i 4; U-
,,-21"a: .t -u- .tU-, .4L;"i !rli- I "-r'; llr .-rnl ! c..'-+
Ltr r;lr; ,5.'"a ..lr* ,tt+ fxL dr-l t -,,-! 2 JIL<.J;b ,r, Lhi rtj;L L, .- kj.,6t
;,,-l Jil,r- 6 gJ uvl rl !':'.r-l L .Jnly J^.b J^
-,1,-2la ,S .ri5'- .1L-"i, ;*l ;,,5- qJ-St ^5
,;l-' ,-e'-..2 ..,1'(' l
u\ *-S F ,'\ "cto- 'r, ,r':L rl-d' ,., I r':!).,' .rL!
),1 O'-l)-tz; e5 -i;ry or.;: -i'.:S u,-t-;-l SGtt l-l aS 'J;-.rrr5,r, .rL ,;*l f--' Jr(L g;lr-i Jtd J -5J' dl'- rt 'lr+p ;Sr.* -.,) l) ,-rlir\ -,y JL-J Lj eL. Jl+P .Sr -il L- q-1 -, ls st ,;i tl ,5 f--" (t .: ;*V
Ytl s-+Ltlu ,j",+ LJu,Jl+_r; .\V
.r*j cL.:JJ + -r,o lr;.,. ;ii!L 1r $u,.:a-- tS j,l_ sr,-JL r-t_ ,i rf .r. ,: rS )u ,ra, t, ;i .rU'r-;L_, S .oot-,tU;rt .r.-U .911-i( ;-YL:-l \ ,s 6_" ,jl:, JL r l; ;13,.i-r.a .-i.l5,r. JS 7^';; j; d )+ .S kJ-r. ! ,r(" ta:_ t ._r^,
l*rl ,: ..- .l o'j l_t^j r(lC ,.-+ )_* ) f,...- V- c*t-,3-.r, ,-J.l J .i l.-.J J-r." ;r;t,L .l:- .; .l ,jbj' >,-\S b.;<- ,.r* ;1-r.rl I - ! .+ir, _rr. to.rl.r ! ,r4a..2 d/_J-{i t Ia(J. ,,,5 +- .-,Ur.' l; la.;111. Crl +! k; d r,f
.-L__.7-: ;*l.-;1, t .t:- 'ef F + ; d.el ;)rL -'; c*l pY
..:*l jlj r)r. rg-r,-r- J-t "ril J) ,rf sr,:r., uctTt J_r" ,,_l fr )l eri J; 6";! Jr.
J--_t- S ,r5l- .uL .-^!)) .o!J .,, L;i )U;L d,_ ,Jt ; "E-jl qJFl aJ; ^: ':; r .rl !-:,,.nJl ..:*l l.r,l9 t_,F.,1-jl 6)L+ ..r;l"i
"f5l-- ,r;S Jo;"...rk.r*- r O&, eVJ
,JFl J-,- Ll .;;lq *];nXt c"--- +! t_, J- o,_t ,.Lor:;.s-Vi Jr;t ,s*, t-ta'.ri .r-E 1; ,r:u ,11,- +,.u .rlr e L;; >,+
^< rr"'^^ .4*u, u1k s,rlr JF.L .gq..l
r:.; L-o .lr5,rd ,.rl'clll ;-; !.r.;r:a d 1L ry,-..e,.9r,; "|,_!.>
J,_Yr a5 s"Jr..,r- J_$L 4" t JL-_/ 4 ,.r-* ;.-J:- J*ur3* ;l l ts -;,a'. ,5Qx *'4 ts+t a;:-:r- t:z ,tll., r- ra-;:j lr .s l-r !E .."_lr ! ,S.r ,S ,b;-o. .-u:J l,_r,
;l -r,_11 JL ;r,s';:.tS -5. Ar-. Jr\.o,,!^S + aS 4 *l;cs.7a,. )u 4 ;;L ..-; l, ,r,nL(i r*:.-,l Jr. c{ 4;14.i.r.2-i-.
6.ra, )* ef- ,-,lJij a t tS rr o:^-b: t *-): -..--o + ,e1>
,<I
l-:.i ru;L YtY
61,':LI ,r.i\"- ,5 t!:-l o'aL,y Jr5tj o5 ;l-t: * 9 -,1;i.ri
,-ra: o-Vi ( t1l- + pt Ltr;*t ;,<- ,ir:;.r, -* .9-S--.$'t F-r<,-.rl+i
)' Jl G-.Q-r. ;r;l.u ,-LiIJ I c..'., .9lr 2l-r^:.r 6r- ly li
+ \S)tt rf ,St l '- ) ;rS- 'r--l ,' "u: L '-*;l ,"" ,l''l2::*-J 6), r--+.,!,U .5lal.r,;l -t;l;u. +-tE; el -r,-i rL-:
e1l .r( -- " ;15-l g,_ I ,.u; -i-j? ..,L:; b .rJ: .r+ jLr. 4.2" .rt..,!;L,.rjrr *r-r ,-,r. )p 6 ,G -,4,. g!*r. litta- "-j;.x;^i; Ir -,,-i a5.r;r.2 ta; l..rir! L--,..o d,,,1 JFL ttQ-,ry,r; i i l,-ur, ..,,, JFL
"f9*; r L:.; y I u;\;l y-e"o'
-l.iX t.:..-,- l; l4J-r..6,1 t+ l.rr..- -;-:.: d rj, ,6 Jr+- ,=-zr,
A-.=t )r:^ ^S -$a< rr. .t-), , Wlrt--? +Jl ,-tt; ,r;t.+ )fe, t 2 ;'-l tglt ui\S
r;;-...6 ts ,4.: .rr_L;ri g t4[:-;L i{- e;l;lr l5 l; .r,_$.r..
6 ui, ,;e-l *-;J ,L;l .,,_r ;t ;U.sU! ! +!.-.:-.- J-r. ;l t; f)c ;l-u,.i l.: : .rl; [;iL. ,.rL l;.-!.r3 ,st* ^: .
" * l ocl;l .r5l;rl lL;L e1'- ;l-lrh:' 'r,:5r'c*l ;,,(- J-r. 6,_ I .c;L 6" : lr3 U .tK;_U-li ,, ;lrq
-3-t1S 4:sl. uol-.2.,':lrl-. oK;-, d,- [- .Jrl.. ..jl- LJ..
r..L ,.5rLa:J I ,,r{rp ,t tt- Lt f .tt,.-*l 6l.rL C:,-! .roL--, i.-; +. ;l;u. l.; rr--
".rU- 6i ,t S ,;, .fL-l
*l* rl u- c-l g;l.rL Cr- Ju 6,-l .c;L L,r -&-e-L .S,_r )tir- ,t:-.f J-,- ,-ul .+. t-. r. 5 ,.f-,,!-.i
)t ) ,S 6. c,.^-a )1.. etr_ 2l r! ; l-.;L rLa:i I 1e. -.2r pl>Laiil
.roL-r J-r. rl ok:;le, Gt: .&.' !-r-;l r.l;y L rt.oJl r-.1e"
c;l.S r<.r+-:l,, uJ;n
(.;-'1, Jpl.) G*" t c$;,r.-lj ai _.1, "#l.r
.:;b ;lil tiv l_r* rl { .r:; .J.::*l c; 15 .!:;ll ,-ter,. rl-l 6.,,1 ! -ul;L
." '[.i's, Jlj- ;,,1;l at5 ,b- 6"*c:* I as .-r^).s. d.-.i,
..':ilU. 1*! .r_l ! --L ([.+_,t,t) t\tJ +,+ 12 s D: 'Dt; ,2. t-* 6-:;*l ;* i-*1: c;15 Jlp.2r
r+t) c t (e* J*t ) 'rii.+ a;-* a;J-, 1 uJ;
6^i*i-c- e, .e*l o-ur;
"tU.y;::r:r,ry;,;,-t ;a;'Vr- dL.. iit) "-t,, ,;iL-
'_t; g, t r, t-r I
a:ir ..,15 + ;l ,,r5 o_tn.;l, ;1... ,-Ll, ,)15 ,:L- S c*l,, ,fS ,;t* C^- +-l l.t uK-tijls'>t .g,.rt L- .:* | .:- l-1
rt.-r--;L,r-E ul4t:.. !,.t1,.- x Jl Lii tJt c*l 3*o,_ | u-Llr, Jlt:*l n3*, Zjlt G- "h o:t ,:ls,- .y_ltV$ r-l,r;3 lr Lt; .rL! .nr;l-1- laK- i.t, S g--& F
l3i rt+L Ytf
.c*l *_); d'_ "2 6lr;.lK #,
\A J-i
Ytv J6 (.r.=+ lrJil rit .\A
W.,t ,t-l o-LlJ I r.J ^++ Lt-U , t, jt-pg,l r, .1Ul ! nrr;1.= trK- i-"r i)lj ,o-{,s /. rr..r,:; l.y- l$-8 :;l: u!,,-; <tS*r i;12 L ,!j ,, S )*€ {:-., ;.!:i-r;- l1 -uLa ,:*, )t). ,lJ .rj ct.;r 1! l; trere, u lr"-))
):; cf A+y,n1b j L;. t aV ,!,-;t-t-fiy_n ,lJ J4-,J
u;*lt ;,-;a:- 6ri; "l,e s-.;)\ + J-i a:+ Lo.;le rr,- ;L**l ,rlJ
{ J-y .-,r* .5 .u.*a cr,-1.4.;.o( u:,.+ .gG,;lJ ,r--LL -,.>
t-S b , b DIJ dl IL ,J +-.:, lr k,i bteu,., +)+i{ J-t ! 6l;u- \ "_rlJ 4_l u;-1, .(E)?s. d}sr )rr r, oL)
.t; Cr.,- (E-? \.1 ), 1)1 t (OJj)) ,(ol-)) ;ra .,,_I.o.;l-, ;L!.:.14 (a posteriori)., (a priori)) !ri^.r1, s},iu l-"-,- ;14. rJl).l5 lr 4[- 6,_l ;l5 LI ,rr.9-r.,r.1 rr,Jj llr,l c*l ;; L-c
,S te1 ,r,t j ; b;' .tea jV ;U s p:tE ;2 S;, 3 ,f ,r-r,tJl urt :,:*l ^;;J -,2 3..a .pl:-,| .|j + _*,- ,sr:-- d,-l: rrtt ,.t-l ,5t.2 Jai .;*l{ -:1, i-"
'|,5t + r)n p*- 4l +
., !r+,- ;:+ .;*l ".i-- "#1, ,Lr ,511 u-Ll JJ. lr.- i
.rL, ;!_*,- .t-l ;r:) .ttt a, .L ,-r=r- t; r";:) u:4- 9 uoV'rlJ cL- blr-. ; l gS-; (;*l .r!; s,ri -lJ.bL,.-Jlr .-r -_ ;;lt * ,;9r,1 ,o-^:L 1X"., .tJ +a, l) rr..:-._+ ).. J Lu*t os ; I .r*; l-: 6,-l :t_rKu, G\-rl\ ,e*
.;*l a, r--- ;t J;:*. ;.;+, ;lr .c*l .ri.r--+_ lrtf*; I .rIJ*,- ,-st^.rlf ^-^ ,fis Ie 6 rlb
).6* i'-A- rls6! J<^; 4-l* 1.1 ,.1 6'-l
vi )att- \r?
a,_l .dSs,(JU- 6- ;i ., c;t5,.! 15 r5i .c-.1 Lr.;l.e u,_U.. \lt)
'#; zrtJ cL" f.." ;) ;1 .), ,-.*r ;r_rh, LU-t J, ,"-*g,-l ..:*l 6U ,51.,-.91;b n,r;r-,r, tr!) ), r, .Lr -u; L
,sl;tl + rra ..-*l *5; ,* ,s\o,.tlJ fl sU ,rlfi.t\t 6t* ,ylJ 6'_l.trlK u. pri to.;l.e r ,-u:; .e).t I ;L
.r_5 rr L t .rk+ cJ-;Lt s, ar: G".- ; | 6'_V ,G:.-" s G:;:. .* -t_*a4 ;l "l;:- r5 c*l ;i ,r^,^:1 .;;lr ;l c;t5 rrli .;b.i.",r a5 y .Ki ).[l 6s .u112, L- eFr rr&- r,:.; $l;*.:-u:L6 i:*l 6-e.2 .-*l t4 { fU " _L:, l{& t u9_rr .r-lr)l ,r-b+ Ll.-u:L :1-. j" Jj li..,^; .,.! l) L, ep L.* br+
,5--r "9
* ';1.> eJ -i,;...a ;!- *.,v' 1 ,91,2r; r, (,'il) Llilq<-i."), tr< k 2, l.;, )).;;.,1J;,-l ii .r,'' ,' ,.r(:..rJ .-L- l1 Qe ; ,' p\ ,:lJ drl rqll g;17 .n-r.rl.;,.-
\; ;*l ,9.2.2;c o+i .--! a;lr r3-..e 6* S ,--.,,rY LLte5 .-u: ..r2r..- sr) 3':*l l- lU 1 JF .2 3,a, * V u,-Nl;
.rl t .r!L- sv,rlJ L-n ..- .t i-r- j\ .7 u!:e ut r*t .--+ 1rY Ul ;=,|iL ,.sG ,t*,,u;*..a j! .*_ 1*.& ;rL;., L i,ra; YL^- I rl i--l e;;.r ail .r; J** r 14,
e) 14* a, .c ' I ; lr-- 3* ^S
,t:Lt.rL ,...; ,r,- I r, l; L
,r- t * l5; J: .-;t uf- *.* t,-;rr.r, rf l, ;i r.o .,.15
/-.J". + J*_, ,r-u-, 'DlJ d,_ ,st-t t-, ,91, eS ; .l
U )s;t-:r rl re; J)-r*l ;,:+ d.,,-l j-+ ljY ^---: tt,p -ro
r .r l-t-1- r.: .t- :1115 ,e-tt lt 3- ; r+ t 3- ,'Tc* cJ)r tr L-l -'-;.r, C-b'."<. it' - orJl Ll .u.-.r;
Ytq ci6 G+4 ,;;\ f*iv .\A
,',eLL ,-_r- .5 rtdb jt:i. ;) .--l d, j, U , e_rL-
u-l 'tj- * bl-vc l, (r-rr.l) ,t-lJ +-* r;<. ;J ;u,.t.l$ 1e-e ,1; ;.--.,-;"b .:,*l ';'.. "S $ ir- "S-b
Lbi rU;L YtA
,rlr gL!
u,.r:-o cJS .91,
i,4t t9t J!' - I.,31
\c*)s.'\-\ A Js-i
tr.-*- t s---*. ir4 !; .r;! -& > 1, ;,-l -r, Ll, Llj.",.,yr) 'j Sj o5;: JF ;,: L;...- c* tl;4Y-\A J<-; y
^S .22L\ Ll ,(.u--..," , ,*,,J0-; 6\^dJ.rj )S I l;,r, ,.ri e* l-,7 .-*;r e*l aL-L;
lc'+)G.":Y_\ A J<_:
: urJ; ;llr 6 c*l '*:. G:1 i.--t ..; i'o 6'-l ;ts2.li,S tt ro;.. rg.e.;*l ;i5r.L o,_l ):S 6. pl-s,r',:o,n5; ;*.*" f : i:*l .J; e 5 ,-,71, ,e.-..e ojJ l) jl .,.aL;
e3a ,.-*l ,;=t-:. 2 :4tS u^ L + "k+ i-t\-tt tst* oJ+ :,-*l
Ll .) j , -. t .',1,.-. lr ;:.a;> a. V: rl ,!i;- gl,r- 1
J*+ .1, L- ,.tt3:il 6 6,- I !r2b ,e.1 e r^l o,,l ii.;
rS *)t otr"+ d_ _,, r.^lr"q l_,, e.lJ + rz, -i<- ,r.l- Jl
.1; .^*. e;1.: ar:1 J.-l L*l1 a-*-r,a crtsot" JJ-al Jl I ),,5 f'-t Lt;^ rS t i.tV-t -t: ar? .), ,_r*.r"IJ I L-u.o ,r.t );*)J _t-l ir,-ld rr5 tr^ r)l-r; JK-l ,4 ,-r, (.:*1[i ,.-J2: tl tltu. tt 4 !ji.i , L; 4., L .r.r*r ;*, .ser)r.;K.1 a,,_
I .c*l "lL
i*;- ;.:;,l, r qrl 1, n..,.rjK oJdi;
,# ,r f,-t e I l) 4tji; t' $ yS tzd I E ^S r_,71.r ,3-'-..e
; ) ,g-;-.rl^("; ,s! iL; J) o,_l J.al, AS 6,5.j -L 2 Ll
iqJl !,-_;1r & 6 'Jc JY-r;l c;6 a_11\'- .i- * t,r<.-o t_1,, d L;i rl ."-1,*. lt a-,., .rp,.2r, Jrel i., J-SG*l-t 6 f-*-. -r. ,';lr ,rJ3.;u, J:,:t r::*:" J:-l ;l'l-'L:-JiL^- a-r:.r .r_lt\ .d Jp ,JL;qJl ! j.j l) [_l;i u,lo1, _, .-t_[& ,,1 ;-; ,,r':l .r;1.' ;i.-^ )-15 , i, r^,- a--; rlj;-J:. ri + .91, *rL; L); !-r ! : ....4 i\S a-ip
?
1. Moritz Schlick
YV\ ci5 \r4:r', s:,5 jE ptt .\A L:i,ltL YV.
.; I s++" .{-r:aj., -rrn .gU-U'i 6 rb e-lrl c;l5 .f--t ,.-r) ;l ):3 u_j py l_2 ubi 6,_l .;*l 6rLi ,k+ ;1!.2r ,r,,i1E-
i-:l: L: .# Cl -'- | -rr=! t fy-r J:ol rl 'Ut- ;l;.r,
;:l S ::*-l *.2: ,j ;,1 Ll ..::*l .r+-:o- ;i ,r;l-,1 d-;b
y r5 tY.u-l c*l ,r,"K:*, '\iro n-o dr_ | .,- " i ,r!J
;k+ r J-9, ! r.:- t ,s )V S;*l ;1";l G:oy Jt l
Si rl F_ e5 rlr eL:; ..iL, o), + blr€ 1,1 4_l .t.21s :r-e,
!) ,',.:,1-r.a!, J*l fU I J*-_-rr -, L5 ,.r "f-
l1.l 14 l,.rtr.--*l or;11 (r3^:; .!:-;l mc,,l=-2rL_.2 .,.. t=, fU + ..F_r+ vl:51? + lr,,r+Jil .s L.:'i c*l ;,5- rrt- el -ur,r. .rU J-1,,-r,;.r .r.al;. CtV 'elr.gl.2[
6 drl ,-gki; .tKr-.' ,-:t,
ezUiU .9ri-r 9,:*l ,9t;.9.rrU:-;*; J,i:tf -;761n ,:\- I >1lrt d,,1 ;K.l ,;Vsp g-l oVl1. .,rp :tS Je t:A- $ )r) )fJ Orl dl)vr ,-'ret P Jt-t O-\,tJ. .r* t
.r"+E I .rl5 ,9lr' ; l,r-rJll L.r:.o ft- ,J.l- 6 lr L-1,
:t-rS u- U r: .rk+ .-,! -,, 623 t-t:a ,i,_l .:J Ut. - 1
'16.
uol; ,91_2lt,k r- ;t s-U .t<;-, Jl ,S n_J u^ L;i ^SL.S )t;e +* ce:t';t,6;;f 'EL; ,r3!l .ut 6,4 .ffL--r'-:r, .c.---..4 r-+ ,s,S--, eLat:- g;121, .lK--, 6--l
2. tuinciples ol Malhematics 3 tuincipia Mathematica
-+ ,\1.r.g:y',6;r., ,c,+bU) Jr..at -r:5 -.:;,:1 + 4 '&f.\1lA J)ri, \1lA;.rJ ,r,.r- i.rii- L,pr
,.;.rrL ;L_,.3 ilil l,- r
'1;.;.t++' ,s\o'tlJ
-51 '*rr r-...;r \A. g_$ ,rt"l \,r;_L_le; e d r-j jL;r.r.-;j! ,-u:L c-ll: j)L; I r.'.;:\A' U L-lrj J/- I Lr-+-or'; pt:- ),15 t -trL; L_ rf -r.rr.r, .1L! L t rl-.r L,--.r
tro ,r*.5t-La.; ;,,- lra Q .c'*.1 orjr
"k+ .r-l: )U;L ;r::5 J:-t e".j:j Lr U_g; g,_l 6 c I cF_r,, Ll .ilasj g,_17[; e -ui.-r
+i \* ! .r,_! 1.2 ,rJc Jil, .4- .$-J! qid_ f* ollte5 ,5- .-r,oL; sl;4 ,,sl..tb l';r S rS 'pj ,*l ;L I .f6 yS tta ; I .rLl )S . hi l.t 6t*s. .,'-b "yt, ,arJr. .-, v-,.b + , t, -S.c , t -r.;,'a rL ,11r r, r-- I ;f- ,i:;d;1, ), ;;lr,i; -i:,.jl; 5 l5 s,_l{.i-:S tljJ & l4i 3 ,." .:
.f$ dtl, l22t.1s yl6al Ll .r.;L ris, d-il'li c*lrlii5,4*r:.! rr -r,-r- .9 t4,.5 6 :J ;j,.. 6l;4 .$4 s*ajl .r.Jil L*:.n .-r,nr _tlt +tt :2r, l;;;gl:ri i;; u*12c;lr Jrj y.S .:;l5 .r..7b ,:r -- +r4: )l ,l];- , ot -h:il-t ,r-S J t \-:"".rrl: + e5 ,-,-tl, .r,-rKJ t r-.r:.o .,lr a5
ulS..r,;;.r,}; t Jrl"i )-tS t_ta;,'; i-1-u I '15.r,_,;lcr.r .-,Lj rr bt .rS &)r- ,V)l;,,-l .-I5---.1llLi .r {! l.r
-4,
YVf ci6 (.,+;+i crJ;) fJr, .\A
"1.u. '6 i, l; Lr.111
6,_ I t*, i rl el .--:.1..r; -h u lr;L15 ;,,_ |
Jrl j)<- ,,:U jl .5_ ;^;t i,r, e ,3,i U-i qji t .Jjjti .t'
t;1 tJ ! orl* d.r$ .t-(.*., Ll .r5 -..^-. l1 i-o.; le
n-- r9 [.- t t,.rl; t/-,..)...a), rrL;-l ,naL;i;, .), 6J )::,, a,,"r21, l, ,fs-:, J:-l ,, 7/..rh:^.j_ e5 f".+ rl -.r^5-jti,r 5_* ^.i.- ) L;.^L;; str a, )lr .-.;r-1; ,$'.r.,t; ,:.i _r-c
.r- -rl-relrl .',_L; e.- ,=-), bJ-+.|Jr;" - l, <<^L;n
eJ -r"u^..r ji...- rl-rl ;l u,V u ,=-J br.a, o.t.i..att 2 r<L-s
1r .i-* I .erLo sl- il.,L c)'_ p u.1t.r .,liilrU. 2, ;, u)e't
: rrl".;r ,neLLl .jJ ,l .r,_lr.r 19 ,rs-\-, Lu,., L_ ;.-' L.urjli.'. KJC .r,r;,G- ."r, _rS { aK ,.9.rlr .9 [" r na--i,"al
tJ -r* a-.: ;_S., .1 t, lx,i
\s*)) U,ri; or..+j 6-* t ub"- Lst t* Jj et
, ) ,,-S € L f ., k+ !-,! -,,r eJi:t dt:,4r 4^.ri.6)) ]?j' dLrl,-r*'r.:,r ,rJl, .91o,L;L ,sV; +;l ,J"-L -1;..,. ;i ,.:1J
-9-r al- L. t 1_1,:; .rY!a -9-" t,$l n-S ,,+"+ l,
6Lb 2[:rL , 6f Lua ,L; J".:. L;l .el.-r,y' +-rro
.1; &* L-ua .; I ,s^:-t. ,s-L-t L:r,l" ..;,1 jll1-. Jl :;;- )r .**+ e: ,.r r'.-t1;i ;., .g',r--r.Lo e-.b J j:-,
4 a5 11r .re-..e .r:i b Lt e^ t clt ,r.*\ elJ +'+, ,-3-'uJrerrlLs;';':-
l-:.i rU;L YVY
jl y-15 ,-."-r.u O'_l .Jl'; )l+ !;11.r ,-*l ,Sl"-t,,.s-\;JL ;Ll J*l ! k, ,-r5, r t Dt J,r-- ,^.Ir 6V:-.t t
..:^- I ,clor o:l: -si- l.ol
,tW,p ,-.h- Lrn jrts .r(_r+ L-* &, --b,lJ:* gb .glrb .r-.r$ I L:* gl-o.rl.. l-.:,-l ;r ..;-r 6;L;-
6"* slz; 2: uJle ;-i_r, aL.o al"i! 4 ;l -, !* .r:.;...^ )FLl ,,-^5 o-r.-rl '- lr u*.t:.n iL;; 4 r.Ir.,.r L a;J I .c*luI ;l ,s:-p ,ns ;-i.a c-L- .s.r, + !; s"-rlK ! i. ,.o1..rt 6tA,.sU,-S-,-'1-;.-,LE rli.r.rL- ,,y) + ilt-t.r lr !51^rU;L ., ;LK .y_l .:J .26 gi L, ,-r"L:- tr.;j!) jl .r--1 t ra tL-. -S u, ;*-;;l .,: e5 .rf'-;*i .gL;ai .2r
GJ-.| 1 - - u.! :-!.l.br.,, J5; ; l) J.^, l- u-L_-1 LuarS L., i rl .;*l e:+ L;,_ I -1r e--la !.2121 4:;r, ;; 'q;l;t-l ,t'-5,f .rti;- l [.11, ; L.o 1t .2, g ,Ul4oL_2 I ; l-r:-:-; b
.-rJ-21.r -215 t ra a-r:.b L, dI li tf, i rr rn ,S t\ tr-2 u ,e;t--9-: jlru J,l )L5l L Lr-r.', r--u.n t) bj -r'-V /+t1.2 J*n ::; 3, ;r^Lo . o -ru J;) ) l*ta .rr !" ;-,! -;, ;rJ+,L;: lr Jrl .K*,
"51"; c* l-o; rl;-Li .15:.-r r* l-,i- I
s6* -t lei. ;*l pr, .Ki--, 1 .1L. "5 l, .,,l6;i :--U.r,.
! l, L-i..7 :r-_' St --51
n..-tr./ .-r,;-a l),r- ,Kr-,
cr L. r-..1 e^ + ,"; ,r, uA;. <tt>,i,an 9 rtJ.;l ,<eti; l .9i4-b
Foundation) . b ,;+ lL . (David Hilbert) u)-L^ -r-r,_j ;1 .0
,_, --=tK' : - i :'- -V \411 J* ., ;r-Ji _,, _,!iJ.r' {ot ceometry
J.-:, \ I . t JL f Jt<+ ,, (E.c. Townsend) ,L- ;.2U .6 .u;t L,, =6
l-aa rttL lvf
t
J) ir,-l drn t-V +s.p,-.pi ,l=. r, ./;- r-'r:r 1l 't5rr.i;-1,:.:: d.:.*") + L9.s ,11r.,19 ;.1 ,r-Ll >,tS .-.i- 1;tla )i .r,lr; tr,r-'u tllb dat S q5!1 'c*l o'i;
L.r:rr !c*l uu (t pl-r5;U-.2rL-.r:.:-l ,r-l rt. ,;/-tl
t e-* ,9;e, o3.2, r )l FJ:F Jl d6-? l- dl-tpk"..ral + l.t -,--* dp-l {Lt f:ti.t l) + L-}; .r,)$l ,.rlre;*"'l-J-4' ci"as't
r, .rr 1., AS ,:-l 6 Gl;V ,t-j&t: ,l-t, tt )l 6-ur-Vl;*- 11 .rf-- pL-l 1r 6,-l'"'rl L-; c--l .pU u"ur
<;!>L-.2r ,l 6,-t"il .* u;S \rt(\r+ t r.-.urr ;l3r .:"';;rJl t-. 3 4y :: ir )t ,^-.r':r ;rth;. Ul dg,t' t)*'..rui.il1 .;1.2: ;lpL-) .gU-La; rJ l.,.ji bx c-i' 61.F.{'d6 ,*l ,7- u-l + ui5 d/-l ,;g d.,L)tl-l rr (.r'rli d :'--:rlr r,lrl g,-L-:;i-l .t'- .: {r+l-r" sld; L-t-.ai o',-l ,r5 Ui k
oLital 1 (.r.l;.-i c1j 1.2 !.2L.2r -r;.21: cJ.:- e5 L;i L- r'r
.ta ,*S; ll,ri+o" 6l-,1 t,;6;i j ; .l ,+r- ! d,- I'r ,;t*",-pl:6:3i &'. di6
;i .S ;US 'u 6la,i4 L-.h .'J F +* \ ;ti,,r tt
r-& ,;'*'- l*,.. b '-,;, Jl 3 'J ,*tt 'r'a'$,r,' l-r
;;L, ;;' A 6l,.,lJ aV. .*-$ e L I c.lnil.l i21..2: 196.r*n 6.-,-i5 diL.rk+.r$2h;'L.;b L l-,1
JL + ceometrie und Erlahrung lL ., aglJ- u22'.a t' ,;,-E:41 dltt- '?
r-ir.; o-r!.r5 ,Jb .:u5 .7 aI ^^+t it- :Lo ;; Jr1 .,p \1Y\
irr-i Jr \llf JL r, ;,t- " ,l ;r,Ji -tr + (Sidelights on the Relativitv)
..r.i oL
A+i .:*t ie tili ,sJ,, ;-V1't 6.;t) ,S ;:)s p*:l+,i \ _ts1l * i.;;L-L ;Ur,_ ;\ ;l 1.2 lu---J;;->,;6 e';i ;l )t 6;-.:-.f dll u;K ,g\;l;e, ;: .,:*l ,:Jtt* 6V.tL e -.-.a.;r,l iil.r .-u1,,r,. ..r.; l; c,-J i;Jo+ ttrl .1l ,;1.' ;i eJ tn r" ,4Jrst.2" l; +J': ":l) !.rcd J 4 tr:t Qt eJ;*l .-ul ;rst -;:, )l
.,r*lr.sL,-. { .!}+ t e c*l};r,;i.2r .r-r.;il-: t' r r-! ;y'i -r,l;.r, ar ; *!; r:JlL r( crld.l.- Lt t" ;* s-Ll .!y3ljl +! ,.s., G::o t:*.t ./ .sL".Fu 'tp j' ;Yl;* ..u:t .Ki ;*t ).ir) ii.iL .* rl r5 1lr :_1-3 j t5{5 Lirr e trf-r.;-r,.i ,r7e ,,. ^;fzLl ..:* | 3J., Slri-,,o t c'+-?.917 rr!-r,.:L ) E:-V
p+U. jl ,r!f"; 4 ,c^.-: ,-,k+ cJ.-i *. Ltt S ;'ll-.;*l C-b- pl' .l: l.i ,.sl_r k!- rts,r^ 4L l, /s. ,:\- gV
\1;-;
YVq d&.\{ c.2.;2 ; cl.c YVA
cl-r*, L- pU *. gl o.23,> r5.r,;rr, -ri:- ra-).i r:^l3 rbrl rr
f;e + d^+ t rrLl : i'\i .Pl) 'S ;*l 4.3" ;.-J." 6_fV e_\b e-t il+ ;4t.u,.r. L \ .t*,[J u;l+ ,. ' F_]L 4r1 r, .i.c- 1* t-\; ';:tl+ atS ^'.r,--r- L-l,j .;:-l ,tJ t. ft ;'^ t; l) s---r' d-J
^; 1 G*"1J,;e.)1 .r,.ib ir.J.; ,,-l) r-;[ ollt r WU 'i5tr, ;*.-. -r a(I, ,iQ- ;;!;r ,:tr-r4 L- c-L- .;rJ g,-.ru 1 .9;K
.,,15 I ,.gW:, ,;l ;rl;. .l rrr. c*aU, iJlL ,/. )f Gy +
)r orfi:-l "f,U.gl*;L
^ 7l;l e\a,rlJ JtCl oS- e_U ,.i_,
2.',,5 fL- ol t -r,-r- 1;, \i $--t;,\r, 1 .,.:*l :'b.'&.j+- ) ,r,i-X .rtr fJt .i3Ji .r; b7.r, ,* C)- vl;5 .r-lJ.-;n ^, r5,r" dJlL l) .,-U.ilJJ (u;V ;tt t ,."L.
,i .gk-9, J r.+b I c9t is--c. '$\,c tglu-.2 V t )t u3.21.;* I *-'1
,r ;1.r.-:-;1r ,6 ,rr -r,_-r,; iL- + c-.; ti'-).'; ;l ;y.g-l u24- a, .rjlorl.>;1-u::" ,;i )r ple .i1-{i 1S e ge- ,:\-
d'o -,*+ ,6 tlJ+r+, r:.*rl-r;15 sJ .:*l r!)rs rlr;.a
Ctf, 1t*Fr* q .er 6,1 ,f^c. ;. .rJe .rl: F 4,,1 .r,-! l1
43;1 ,;;V ,r: -t ,-\'l- ! pl-,..2t5 6'.- y slS--;i .t;;o.u;11,;-,t.. .;l r+b ;r,- I lry ;6 { -!-! .r-+U- (t + .$ ,9l; a.al..- 6,,1 ;l;u, JL- G:t \ )l.rl;. lL r .rJc;r qrr,*_
t l-,,"Dlj: ;., l; ,l:-+Li sl;u, t-;rK1 6;) s.); i-r.-.r-ur .9L L;J \Jb- L"-h
"L- U- .K.:-, eL- ;, l; ,;--1.r.-; lJ
.rl, g-! Sl t "li.r tt t+ tsp!-y-r L ef .-* I a*:;r,
.S C)- ,-tV;.t t r f,^U. ;rL)) s-+. iU- G- sltrr-
,r3,a ,r4 r3,- ;1-r,-! d. -,-+ 16 r, .t.9 l) l{j*r, d.,- l i^r
lA\ c;!.\1
(:d.....-e,,-,.1
jl .Ll^,- .:J'J L. b c)c f# l*',;,.,1 rf ; ..l f,{- .,I1;
^5, uI_;*t ,.o jl Jr, Ll .,*;5 ,:: .: ,f)t €b-*.glil tg
S*. ''; Clt ctf #) d ; ,' "-.. ;r. :tJ 1:-22 *-\ 12
.t-c,; -;r pr:f q5,_.r a5 -r;.r;;-. ,;)lj jl .lJ .-ul,t? >.123.,-.).c
,. .i'.lr D prL J,_l ,J-15 a# ) r.ai .:+ ,l o;rp:;&t .fx- ;i "t; n ,g2,rL;. .ty fs.l ts^at i,_l 45 ir.l;,,Ll ,c; lrr,, r^lF dr- 41 1 o-,!1r ir,,, a, .r, ;,i ;r; ^.
, o)tra ,.;.o :f , le S lr r4I S 9-&. ^l1eu. u$l14 + +J ,.:^;:1.: .-;_2r + l r,J*l*- ,r c;. (&{ ,i r.:i.r,i.i_ .,itt ijl.ijl r, 4j jol*- oll irJ.l ,,Le ;;->\i
EU ,-lr& l2 cJc c ,: 1rY .' -l L. ), ,yr) .,j tS ;jl.r;l
d" .r.:l+ rlrr" ,,-lr1Li ) 6-PV ,.s t:I al) g;L^. r. .2 .r.Jr.el iiL- ,.olF;r n e_F >f.fS , JJ-.; lxt ;r_l .5-l .rl
,;r.7 y-l :c.'.lS cJc 1"2 ,lL blj€ S.L;L _ro l; CL. ,s*..,|.r-ilr L-t e t ot).t.t J*r r" ar l2 c-llc ps1-.:t.-t6
.Srr Et C:l- ;rtS u!.,1 ;.jI' \|, ,r{u";VI &t,t-l Lr lJ ,9- JJ-,- t,cJ,- r; s-l ,r*! ;+, npl;. -Sl rc*l ,lr!y ,s_6)* 7t +1l I or._1s _1 u! x_2 _;" .; .J ,,t1, j I c*l s1 cL- 6\. ,eI J-l t , Jt.Cn;-.-.-a );r-..^ dU, cj-o S ,t-6*.sr(-r 6Ue I t".,,;e, i ,r-V e-Vt ! b"r,..1-2 .6 t*l ;r,l
U-l U Jel;Jii .,.:*l ;t^f .,-_rr j .t*,r* S ,:--f ,tLl .;*.1 ,.1 o,,_t .:^il .- .t t;r., ,!,- $ ,.+-.t; );l I ,:*l
4r:" r c;.Lr YA'
..r91 ..:-l ).V ,lu5tl.'-1,-.. -5, .-';b; ,,1, J; ) U +-*dJ,-) .),;.,, ;.ri J)- \+t I $ r-l -9-"'iy c9s.t \ cS.tS
,--W ,.95.t. S.sS t 6ia;Ul -;rt- a5 .:*l ;Ll ,.1 g,-l
,:1.11 2 6'12.911b l1 Q;i .2.r;lt'n;1.r.;! ry'- r.; L lr --+
,r.r.,,! ..51.n",l,--t, ,ri U .lalr , tptb + tl u-\ 'ttf u.lP,rtt J -;*. &,.r lt ,-S .;*l ap ,-1,
U ,JuJlJli al-t .=^+:. S
,\rJ arJ 4 t; rl lt.r(^, 4 ;ly-s s t* :.:--;l.' Ji.-;li(
eL;l ;; br u-l isr'lt j)-i,, ,:4 y ;--.L ,rl
)l e fW ; ,;t, J.a2 ;,- I L .r;r.r; Ul; , ,l.r-*iJ l: irr., LJ
;f!
lr..:r- 3;* .trc/ in * Fi r b-- I .5)lJ! .rjj d ,,1,-L--
sr.f q-! .r':..-:-;1.: !,.:-l 3:- ;.lrl ,tE + .r-l ti .r5-.r'6 .:--4 i:;;r, grt.t )l e ;-\ 3;3; '; t' t5 t;Jl
2r -:u--! lr )f (p 1rt^ ySl ,J--' -! ;l *! {;lr ,.rl'ilrl
,;+ ,a iJl Jrf-., ,.-+; !r-5r ,rj- ,b ;;l) "SJ'-l ois
"#: .-,rr; .,L:; ,F 1l ,is'-:;,;*l a.l; , 3; e:'Vl
s.^.-n ;1rL:- ,;*l a;..i12 Jrl-, b iJlr 'S t-J ua :;-;1"
4lr.rr t (r; g.-. r.)) lr b i.ilr a't';12 t'3{ .;l ;!- ,.9e
l2 uju ,st.. ,5.r. j;.f st jrt 3 +. -/ -r-- .ur;-el
i-.tL)),(u.rj.; -:3,,r.lj )' jttV *;*l ,t -ta J , e-b i.,L" Ua:,-t .t'-s+ J-y u.;r;-;i a-oli,,9 <err5 .;Ii,r ,r.1-u
.;:1,$ nJ 1le t ;L*;l -! l- rl ri r::..r ,-r;l'- I ,rr 1-,!t
r-Jt ,/iU I u^...*; .gL- ^'. tlts. s,L.;l .rzE -! t^i uI
U-l 3r- ,y1, ;, Ll :;1ii ,alri' t- ,5 d; ,:3* 223" l; g-\ie
A;
YAf c;,1, .'\ C
4l; b r.,_tt $" ,-l,t5 .'[.*,- .517 .r-:t, ,.x,. rt* dL:sx J:S .:* I 6,5- .tJ att *- + t l:-_l 4 \ L2r^
.Jlr;;lr.r,$ jq,_;: _1: oq. f+- O.rU- C.-eir";,,,.,u- r5
6e .r5,.){cl l) 3t i r,-1. ,J.t.li u*n o..a;; uit.,.*l ,re, 3r" do i" 4 t{rr ,r-J \,tr -r-_; .:-l 6,5-:a":-...o uill cL- ,glr, ,3,t-12 cJt f U .);l ,r;r, J$ ,t-riiJr l,.":i:. d,r.tK.:" Ut .,u,L i V. .3t cjc t*;5t- S rl: ; l;.r. 6:.r.:. 15lx;-L 3 fon ,Ca ,-.rr.,*_r(-. ,*l oi.. .1., ,--r.:1. .r_;b Jli- ;J.::5 7) ,Kn-, n
,-# JJr;. cr-_t & g.: A !c;K t rt'. iL; ;,. ,-u;l:.r.rr
,i: jrL;.:1,- YL.:1*;.r..rJjJ .,l1; r l.rL, Cr.r.:-.1 ,-pcjr ,. ''r ;r,-l i;;K * <l-r5 .;U U ,)J- E u*l .-:l5l .;l-c,-l
.';ftn u;1, a, .rj,i ,t(.r,_r;l 62 .c*l ,rl+ JlJiJ drL 6,_l
:l ! .F .t54,,:1,- )l ..tS,r.-Urt cjc t.6; t, &to .rt .s:
"rL 7 .9rK--, J)t t M€ t9s2- ,;*1.2;-: ;l Jl .c--lt_lr- j^J'' Jt .*u..ijJ rr.ij i .rt-,I: gr .rL ,.rjrJ.r,Lt, .-t ; .;l,c,-l i:L g,_ I ; .l: ;lil ,.r;.r;L.,, .<U ,*'"l;.4 ,fr l-r- Ll ,;..b ,-f"t5 .,tJlr"l a_l ;l I ;*l "$-i;,-ln ,-t33 u" 6t slz .e*l .rre- ! ; r!; JL:l r cJ,51,x. L; rt+i Cr-l 5 c*l ;r,_l ;2 Ju nc*l a,rL cjr
..:Lil; ,!L-l jJ t)L ,":; b,r^; '-, Jl ,S c*l.-u;|.r, a.i:L cL l, ,s;3-, L,lJ- .:*l ;$- f--, "13J l.r, ; .l
.j,_U S.r. d)J b Lo,rL ;r 13,- Jb.6 .1, "-rt"..rlb .s, Jtu .a'; t- JJl.rJ ,rL-,' dl.:"1, -ie li jl l-6.r:j li t-i
;i .-- .,L slj ;,,_l ;l af rS i:S Jl e,*\4)Li a-l I
cir* r d;J, IAY
\lr, ,t 6 fii l+ .tlli" ;L-o 1.2 <41U1r U- rr-r;e.;r 6.,1 L Jl-tV:, 6- n 1.2 trele s,,-l rL .l3ii ,t'jun:ls J-b t Jt
-2-' ,u_! 1.2 4\l,s22 ,r";e, u!s; e)6r2 .d e-* ,-l-t.rl5L 5 dh,<i,-i_t
:1,-,r; ;i .2: \ ,9;2 *-.& -b i b 6? J[- .slr.L_ .u: ! .r.2e ;tl-- .:-l o<- .utr 5',- JL..;r rf $ .-r,oL:.
)t S-# e r.V JL.,,r Ll ::9s. ua)l L- .,u- .r-=i .ri-i ,,,?1t ,'-2tr> 4t s t-S ,rs 3l;u. .:;o- .-r.nL- ;i.r:j ! r:-:- dr+ .,,l-j .-trt 4;lrt "-* t ti gL -,r
I -r; ot5-; I
ct*s.s ,t-l .c-l l1,1 u\- -o 1o )2,-.,' bt+ )-tat tP-,r.il9 O,.l
a ,-^:; ALt l.rkiJ Ji.2r d c*l ca-".t.t tp-,;rSl- c*l)t Jj.-, cjc L,lrr r, C-u, L- tlirr Jl ..r.ao L--l ;L;t i I L--l .5le-.7 Utlr o,-l ai e-b )t; a -t-\ sfb -;r. ;t--j:,.Kr-, .r,- -,YL .uL- f ,*- ,rjrrt
)s z* At4 "t<-, .,1- pr I -u.;L;r.;:J-c aS 4;; u" gr-b=r!:. 2 L.-l; ;l ;...--a ;I.!el .raKt32e^ !; ,.t-l b_t e--. i l}5 .r+ .,r_l .*J-tL :l-.; :t'r; 0.t ,1 -,\51 6>2t--" p4L { c;} ,.tb.-,l: aS ;--4
-I--q kj,-, I- ..=i 'n a Ji.tt, {;r 1.2 6.; L tr rrJ
,rj l.re, 5r.,2r I.6:-: L ) )-= S,r-l - d u-_r,l, *. L,)r;
.r: ,S l; uh_l- -u_! KJq - ,-/-& , n';,./ 2l5 l- 6t(.ul;.1;, .rL CL i.+l+ ,-U .1-ttl -b;r rilory, ;ll 1r!; ili.J$-,-.t:-+ i:L.-,Ei Ui:J[;; L- -r.-'..- .6't e'..t +
LtzJ*.i.! aJ
YAd c"+te .\1
n u"Lt ,, O:i ltrl i-!_ I _t: .rJ ,.s. G:..i:_ l;,.,L Ct- :J t(l-- I t Le.,,| uy" : e\r9
.l..:s. l) l,)L Ly.t ;,:le i-.r i;-;lr ! .1 .,[.-tJ..;l-! .:---.j lis^j I .-*; Lr,, .; Lt, ,*<*- "Jl .r_;i
, ..*; l.r,r.
,-ti- l-
"<*"<*
,'; 6+ 6* .,lrcr ^'-)\: t* + 1-,.Lk Cl- l J-L.+ -l.,'J\1.r+ -*=, ,ht.,-rt-4,c-J6.r.-: ,* t.}.t
.r.?, ,-=i, f, .-r';l-! ri li.,.; 1,, ,r:lt t q:5G i",e;-; l, ,r+ L-l- o* Jl S -,1,,, .tS a pw ,J.-4 1; G:.,:" ,srt Jf , c-- I \ t; \r-+..t?. J) 6^ | e-.i-,L :;,r,.g-,Lal .9s t p ):- V./ )S a. l-l r,r:1rj::- .Jbl;jl1lr a-i)L .,J .!b .rK.l a( c*; ;,,1 -,,$. ,r,, / { . *l1) ..cl.r-l ! .r-*.i:i_
'G r- -,rla r(.J .-iJ ,f?.j* >,^e
slil ;,,_ 1 t-J :Lr).41y.e \5U r,"a ;r;b ! .iLr,_rd.r--l e-=5 ,t-+.j* ,,i-*t )l J.J l; .gldrL tS :1,: ,e=t
e)- J:. 5' ,-"V { -ur li r i{:5U ,r4L:. ^4+ G"&.LJL. Al e-L_ lrL,ror+ t ^Ltr^ cr:l_*,,JJ ! lr- JFK
.t-*1 ,lSt'
Jol ,';l L.) .J>t--
s+ t \J* 2r l; +Jr,,.d 3-1.4;,_r.e,r--" J l{jJU o,l
,r,c-. .914:5li ; lj,r,.*5 .]"." ;Yt9;,1
l*t.Lrl .|F-;t=L Jai c*l o(- cL..; t ;ijL d--\;-{-d J'r-S c*l ;,(- .9;1115 eL; li ...'; l-r, a.'.; L j 1,
$ t ,.t.5 "K.; u rrlr ;.l jt 4 ra .i'-r, ..i-:L- j t, V;st--)), ) I lr,r. J3:- 1, u-V l,l; ;- ,6 -h ) *.-,
rr.,[il; ;LL-l a.;r[- u; l.:.,r^; '3-., L- ;,1 Jlt, ,t-Ja
-^-ir L{J S ;rG )lr- J,_ I 4 jlrjl ;r_ I ,l el....o !:Geta-- L,1; r .r[l t tA:,_ L.* l "rl-r, g-L o-:e, a> d.rl>
. r:a.r.r. dl;l l1 .r.a.CL .9Q,lr,- ll.u;L,-r^.6* .l- S a++ r, oj
el, ,, .r.5 -L;;;' a,L ;j... +-- rty"r- l; .9-r-', j a-uJ, 2., .11.1 42e - Jt la; ;lr;.c a ,.5 ):? 6 i-*l ;r*2;.f+- dJ. ,,0 af -i:;l: )J-) 6)V ^Ly r" ,g1r7l E* --*r,1;l ;i ,l of ," =L; ;.,
af L; 4_l t, ,L;5 u..5rL ,.1.,L1r
of .J* (Jb iL l, dJ: r+ lr-i _51 ..+ 6i--l r, ;r(.- ,,rLJ.tS., +! rr.rJJ Lrl;l .Ki ,-S t+_ ri # L,t;.e a,,L
4l aS :r; u, 3 o.t ,", ! J+ !t;L:l; c,r;I, L aJ c I o,,l );b:- o.:j, r,rL
rrel-t ll
-L,i.,!'l-t;L" .2 ,rie
l, i e i_l .i--,r .J Jl Ll .,u:.--r ^+ Ltt.r:ly r WU
C))y.:-r O+ lr, r5ll ,4-u. (,p ) _r.J rrgJ-e,$-;l lri--.,r, ;p ;,,- l i-.o ;b .,J..t,, l_t u-V:;lr, , **t ;,",L" : j44,J"b .rl
ri:L ,r3*; ;L.-c ,x;lt jl 3-.; tl: uo1rn. .r[il;.ekl a.r e? +,dt Jt*-l
ciJ.- r d;lr YAf
,.- L.o" ;t(-r:: l, jl .,(- ! 6 u-1, ':lrr..r;l:.r, jrL; ;Jc ,1,
a;-;l: u.ac JL .-r.: l, J\ "S t;- qi .r*l o(* S.ra-.," .l, ,Q1 _.2- L"2 r[_; ;-!ri .;-U;l -SJ I ; L.r ,e-l;-l .e*l r-;lll J.ej* ,fu, ;,-=- L j! dl-?t 1 ./ l5
dL d^le ..r.;l; JF,r--l;U e( +5. -*l g(- .,.l rr1_r,
,l 1 ,---: ,t-r+ JS 2: "S -';_ j u.r.l, ._rL Lr ;i .51 .;-l "r,st b +.;*l ':;-J)-c
t! -* rl ! .r ;*l,,rf ) '-;^: ;1",'l .ry
IAV cJr .\1
l+) ga*:i S )*€ aF ,r,fu 6r; J,_r* s,_L)U..11-ri;; lr .-r.21: rLaU JLS L, ,rl+ 1* ,il, t 6,;er,l .r:;ltu/r; *l ll .:;l:u. I f._t i_1e" _A "rlu;b ;l .+. o;2r"1
;1.r. r, ;l.r,lib 6,_ I (...L; -ry L c....a.,..iJ,2r L;u eSi-l
,f)e jU) er 1r .,-*l ;J .+i JL -r.a ,;-l: rt ;l " ":1.,
5 r-!b .gJr ..:;tr .u lr,; c.*J d;1, i- jl .,Ltt u:,.lr,.:. .r r,.912 n5 c*l 6; lr; ,K:*r.r.L-
6r,_ t ,-r- .rl-l iL;
iL-J ;, 3 Al, Li; d -u;ls. fjy d;t, ,rr 15 -i,_j ;,2.1i.-r; l.-u; rilu .r:....
':c* rI:..:*l A irL JrL B j,jrL f-je ,s-t
" l;,r,. $i rl e5 J.,11: rr.-3 e-J-,,-, .ilt ^S
u*l 6,_1 2 Jii'l;L:- l, a.ii,L ,r'-ul J:iL A ;il, ,-lS e_r- ! a5 ..r.6;lS t
"!1" t_ rJ;L'; ulr,r b L oil,i r<!-l .,t' Ut rr-t
Ll ,c*l c*1, U )i< S e.J -1" .u l';1 L;l a(i_ lri :rrl-r;
;fl e5;. I uf.a d*)r .;:*l Lr.rt itK u,r..g>; r"l a-l.$.r.--.- L]- a L2r:..r .}(.l i:.: or_l l) e:*L $*;+ c--. )) r,,,,.:-"..n -r,_ I.r, Jt*. I ,rir.l+lr 4rl ,5.5, &:^t r! ," r-"lr^.: -5lr .t-rr.Jk l d.*J ;4.U oalri )l \rtJ;il, i." 6 fS &, t2 ei2 rs2 s j Ar,.t_rSu, uJ{ !.tr ; *.; ;l ,p e ,3;;- ..11,r;l ;l ,+ ,tS 4 12 Lyr.,r'5 +, l, $y.t eltl.-r ..r.;|..:x.: ,l j:l tuJI .rr1 a..nl; 6)(I l, ;lr;f r5;_l .glri d-+ ljY Ll .,.:*l .f c..t; l_2 ;td!
FJ.ll et 't t; .'ut u-l ct+ G-
$lr .rL! -ir r:ll rkr ,.:*1r r( p+ L* ,{ "p}lq+ f...; U c I ,.:*r: G:..:, ,tl ef .r; b,.-' .,53=o .-r,_2!
;i-r,2 9 c -.,J.c \A?
6-Ju '^Y- lLt r, i#1, Oj--'j lr ';2, ;t '(yS o' bi7lr dl, dl,- ,St-l ,jB ! 1.., ,rb .l+1, 4 ,-;Lt t*rr C).'L,- ,tS 6Lul s;tr 1 5U a;-, d- ,stt )l'l;L:- ;l;o.,r2-r*.
^S t:*l lKlo--2 !.:^ -9 <e;lir ;l t-$- €6
a, rJrL aJ Lt:J*.. ple qf)r !r[U5 -r: eJ .u:-..l dlc t]-oS ,,51^L 9 a Cr:lf i-, ,7.i.c: L. :.r;r;.r" cj L- ,--l Ltr^ ri;;3 'r;O G.t*) Jljt;11 1.' ..r;l'-r.; .;5 i:L 6L; r'r
\ Y Jl Lii t Jt ,c*t x J+ j.;lt J./', r "t-, .2: v utlz ^S
# 6irrr-t x jl ,rJ,I'" T .rL, ;r 6 tt ;lti.:IJ ., ..,1;
d/-l .i:...9 * [lt:l ,9t;4- .L-r* 4-l 6 t:*l ;;2,.;, a5 B jJll ;l u;--;t G)J eL- t--&.h 1., l-.1 r-(" Jl.-
;, e5;Lrr" ..-*l rr-e. rkil SLcl A ijle JL;.: r, g,-y-r,'L-l
.r:^, e>t u; l;,r--.; t B ;;l t t'laf u. Jt; T' aV,
srlr el;j L L*;;ly ,it t ,-r-l' eL5 I ;l;.r, l1 B 6eSl
fr ,L; -,;.: Ll .rb 6-;,-:, )*€ ,s;N L+ 2 A ;I'Ut; A K:,t
A inl, J,J,. ),t s- t B i ..il, o,lJ,L, :i)i .uJlr L* ;r=:l5iA-bj eL_ Jlt:c , g-r-:-l lr fr .;L; ;: JtS j2Ji .i tlr
:s*c/ * +;,J .K ! .;*l e JrL I i)L s ds'.l1 ;i c;l;; r:-r b re; o-J ,e c*2, ;lr->; S ;;3,Lr, G-_,,.-jb.r, .1L1 gl 2.,.,.9.e S ;+t_r'af .rS .-4U
i-i Jl J: .ir*,u,r'! .-Ul 6'-l ,.tls 6 r+ ;,iler ,-f,L-
6)tra l-J-+.e,J rt*:-r'" J"r ilJl)t 2' 6 ,1.1 & U.t,)JlJ;.r; 6t ota .c*l f2r .r:,..:; b 3i ;,,1! S t.2^,
^;.;S - .l
+J J, ,st LN ,F' -'-,V +.S C'-'- | Lr' t A )l \ B
..rl; i.2-,2: -r,_! ,c*l ,*|s _t2.,"1
l&.1
Y' Jr;
J::-J 6..zra
'i eb:. oLJel ,rat5 Al"lJ^:* lt;_ts-ra c,-;- - dri: l; t_l
Jr* t*+ : .by- 66 r$ U,.- uti,rJ.r. ;,,_e-u ;,=:7 l_.1
j st> .# ts. c,.-.- ,G.Sl..r, + s34,,:*l Jr.; 19 :c*ls,-L; JL rr c$19 .tK:-., L_ s.-+ c\- Jl gl(. rr 1r .e eL;6l,2lJ a-l <..r,_i,r,;L., + c-&., o4*.. dL,tSii ,.ut.uL.,r. ....tf-i .Jt ,F Jfu + t-aj I oLj + c*; aJ.:*t.* "-t-U
o[ .rrr.r ,t;l; <o-lJ Lr-n 413 ,G_b ,t_l
4 jj. ;nl, p) p Li il 6l,.tlr.l5r.o d .,.;1.,,r, u\ \;r-,' o 7t )l qgldle ,15!l ,"ur ir (.:*l g_li3 2l .gli.er.a.,. r.(1
,LrrL-j .-l(.i + )tr:,t/ Lgt + ,:JVt(x) (px) er)
Jl ,x OU; -,r,-lbi ;Li 'n;,
a( r.2lr,_r, )Wl ,.)ljS U_l
.c..1 ,;rLo ,: a L* ,'l-tl eLo p
4I ."je,lr,_l ,15-r," 4-l t. tlra, ^i.-),; )l ;J
U
cjp .5 c _.J.c YAA
U .r+..,*, .).?) O'-l \ .t3- ;it.t -,lJ+ [- r-iSs, Jrl ,$^
rirK s11...r (k--rl) al-lJ** cJl .c*l ,!,! ).tj,i.,J l+ ,rK-l ,J.-11: .frl.u- K:,1 -L ,.*l ,frr. llJ 4cr_ I + cr_ | Ll ..u:L .rr.,. j, ,rlJ ;.uS- rj* L ,r:J ..,..L uU,,_l elS.l Jt L;; , Jt ;*t G.. \ ;.,1J cI 5 .---; ,r,..cr-: r+" f'"5. f--.' ;ite; t:*l-2 i.[.1: istal 3 t;lf.S c*- 1.2 u;'2 d;' t- c*1, ,q;l; \V Jl G;- JrrL:L- L;*l ,sEiS '-," c*l e ;jr A S E;3 i,,,1 .;*.U., L
pj'!.rl ;!-l ,9lr' 6l; .,+lt ilF c*l dr5-* "u-S ^-JslrLtr,
"rqr5U i-" Jt S ,*l J,-l ).b,- .$ ua;-;- t:*l
ll*t tL* d.,r It i." clJ + ,.!r; ^;V; uL;, e * ^S
.'; G: .*, ol;G. l-) B
!l)
-L_p dr_ | L_l rrL.," slst u$.* .i*t. \ \ L J,l o,lj;l l:r2r> Jr-.5; I ;i i-:; Jp 2 iL ^4t.,l- -L_r-., t)*G; e)t),a ;l ,7...,-. i-rn t, \t_e*u" u-tB i;1., ,ul L o-u; a:';l> cr:lr, r k.5U ,.t Jl aS ,J e Gr-6 l, a..--; I G-l: 'r 4l -r,_L:; tl .f
"-+"- bleul l)
-sl; u. ,'S ;l.r(,_,..l\:- .4ltu, ,;bs? n.5 .-,U r,.nlr.r.,.r5,r. J).r;l d-,:.? d/-l -rS t;1.2 i i-7.. tt lt ,--ts so
u4le ;l Ll ..'-21,r- .,\S t <-';17n ;jlJ l( -* I e*,r g,- [r
,.,t--lt\ .rs-.ts:o ' - " .r--[.rlJ alei 2 4;, u" ,-^.-..o
c:,.,--. ,t,rKg;l;*l ,r.;Y 2+ t )s; s/ r1l9_JL r.o \ ,-4rre.rr.rlt iL l; a-L_;r!,,.,
:e* JY.r*l irl + ylr." -r,_: a=r lr- ori_i l._L-j 1.r
'Fr 3 r:r ! r*ll, ,.l! --+ ,.:*r ..7.r ,rLL oJl ir* 6-,,3_";-b rl ..r-l L u-:1.: d,^i & dI_;rl.:;ylr- t,hr r*;6,,_l .,.^. L_t C,.r "! '** zrtJ a_ J<* + t-, GtG Git,, co 'l+1, 7; d- +-Sc 6 :5-u-,-|Kr .,;i rl JttrI .:r,a c;rit- O,l .lrJ\.9 .;r; L .g l..l- 1., fa: .l r lr.r, d)L
, .*I -ul; ;l e_. )' E ,9J-_, ,-; uil ;5"_ Jl.,,1t 'ir-*. ,Fcr .r! ,jy| ,*: r5.:*l ,.- .2r g,lc---n V;:._-..-lLr ;,-l J*l^, K:,l Ll :.:*l -b u rs;t-<tsit-),. 6jb4.));f, .rrJ O...',- iU- ! t+!-l r, .;..1 1l;.>6 ; | .9;a ;ti 6.t- cjtu .e--,^ s1-:, u$;l;rlJ aL
-,1:r, -,-L-..r UU .-! d.t: L- c-l.t tlr,rr .s $ u, u\. ,rlf,lJ d- G"* 61',.^- +. J.- * q n i o.=- GJ., .i;*l+ ak) S ,bl GtJ-*,r,_L:- ,l;l t .rLu F ^.2
s,. j.';i
'_211! 4't- 6V-.15.'1.' cJ,_ 1r e*l .g-uL: .-.^-" ,f hl 7i ;t_l )l ,slty,6lr**1 2 rt' 1,rt-,- 1*l ,.5Ui L ;_r-,6 i!;L, t_rS n 3sisl 4 3 t12I u. u!-,u ,Sf--t -r,nL: <....Ji; l-1 u.i7 alti,_L,r,,I ;"_ r -S; F qr e+ t .rLj -raL J -r.o,r, .rLJ
6LJi ;-r-; '^4 )l r" ,F 6, t., 2, KJ" .u ^ a;: <,-;,-V
26 o, r; ,riG-L n',;12 J2l -uL; .;r: L_i .;*l J L^:; ;=* I
e-.-lrL e;rL ;r,_ | 1l -r.o L: ;r_ I e5 .r;; t;U St \;)S.. p , ,t :,
.rr jr .;*t .r*-J-, ,]u r-" ,,;,, 1 "rt,"*-:..--,K-r, ,l Ll .+6 e i.:.r, css 3 ,t; ,:.;S .: ) ;,(.- .13-,,_,
;t 2 J:L { ,l li6- ..rt ."i< r--., ;:-; Gri .t.)W Jl ,K 'l'r5.rJ JY.r*l .r.-U l_L: .; .l .-u: ..rb !u, ,Fl; S )S
c.:-r* .; ;-,Lc Yl'
',)J 4 )l o-: 6h b* --+;iU dJ,- e( .rJ,r, JY-u-l
,rlfl r<' ,el1 .:-l ,KI - Jl ,)S- + Jr*V ,)-L. .{ ,-t:: }- ltlJ ;l l; 6V;.$;-'L;, ;*l p-rY .Qi
-6,-lh;;Li r9lr,. l_2;i rl u-f )r" (\)Jr-iq+ dJ ,sV,n-Jp;aoVl
pa)ea.
:olr C a 2, Q ,Ki,.rl) a) arr e Jlt zrlJ ,9U.
,f'-- .J; -,k+ ..rr.r ;.,....,- .,i ;;11 Jr-r- L '; ob,r2L r-1-..1 "rlJ ,t-l .27 2: c;ll ,;-lt G);l.c* I c* l; (Qa) ..*.1 .-* l; rtParr . \..:*l it-1. trOal ,;*l .*1, <Parr.Y
.c*l ;..1r rroa),c*l LJ)) (Pa)) .V
.e:*l 7:t <Qar ,;*l 7tt <<Patt Y
,r:"+ ,t--b d/-l t -\,-! tol ,.;,1 J- J<* a, a5 l1 ,-9rL
,;rLa .;,1; g,t -tl 1s, .J; .S;-l )+ t-; rs; ,9ta ().4J4 oa t Pa o:.,-k gloJ-lr;rLr., i-rj:t r|; .r- l +irr, L- .:;lr ;l -hir- oc ,)t;tlS l;\ Lt, eaD JlU- ;*lz rl )rr- tt\;*1, <Qa> Jl1 ;-l .erLo trQar .r!,
,_r.fu q, ,,,1J ,.t-l .c,.1 o)La (\) iiJ <tpan
.irt.t" tQar.z ..r-i L e-l; rrParr a5
,r., L ;*; ;3,[i eL- -,1 AC ):r. O,_l "S ;*l o*.r,
5r:-.r- .-,! ,:'-I u. s $-" iJl2 u,. 2",-rl.e c-L- r(i-l ,l ";*)f )t) a,t-),4.g.';lr- u"I ,<t:n;;3 -u:,r, ar l-.2 r,-l
.51; ;.,,1i Ll ,c-l *l',,tJ ':l_2 Jf 4-t .<tt;r-u'
Ut U))i*i.jrLa
Yqt J.:*l o)_tjo p.-il. Ul .Y.
e-J rf ue-1}..riLi) !rj:"1 ,5es 3 sl,r, ':'-. a,Lye jl&12 u, _2' ,gluil2 lir.- lf c*l ;r,- I J! jl .r.* 6t= t,h-,t*'_L.rl;:, i.;lr d ;*l ;i rri*. .,r1, 4 +i.r -K_..;-*l tlj, 6)tp --; 7i cL- O.: c e_,'.,4; Y.el n:i:1 -r,_! l.rl .r; .rL_j)t )"6 )t/l Jt a(,_ I jt .1"9
a: .-,1: ",.-tl .-j-.
q;U s e^.-:r l(i))),bD;l 'lliJ.r r,i,-)U ;r,_ I
..1 .t ' - t t ...J g rJ'r \rrrJ orr! .r:...- ;l' ),,gzr s :*utr,. tS + .r\ l2 ;J;eL:, .jjl.-Lj;t a.c-)ti ,l .9;1, :
.;i;2 14; I ;l ,,r(,_ .-r,.r-: Cr.t ,;-:Lt:lp ,.t s. 1> li>.;2,)l
,lr.:-J ;*lg t -.tsso 3 ,t)rr' .i!, -r-;r,l L- ,'r,rrJ* .rS u, ', 1., ); u_l frl" .r-)U ;51 .xl:u" ;L; ;.,e;"t:..-,.-.e), \rbt <u;L:- ;21r-n ..-l !I; ){.l5 ,-l J! a- A,Qq ;r[..r, 6]? 3.:*l .e.,Lo oL- 4, ,)ljS d_ .GL:--i-,;5 1 .9b.j1., ;L .-^r* L- t Gr- ,)J ;r,-1 t_rK, ,Y.rLl .r,-_ ,'-J;-- :..,L orli Ll ._u;L ; .l; -u l;.r. ;i;.,);56".,bi l).rrU dL_ 6 ,s ll*.9i.o-u-1, ,.r;dL; p.e-r, (^-l
L=- r* ;;lr- utl Ft,t,*_r!-. -h ,, lr ryU .r_l
"c"t:- n:.rf ,-;1r.- ,rl ;i;2, ,t-F g ,S 5-t uitt .utt.rf
il ,a-.--+ ,),-r, ,riL- ";rr
tr e, frr e.r;r Li
;.;rUU Jel .-,yU jl ,+r ep r.i pr ;rG u:.--" ,+* ,\<.b
2t l_2 ,g44-;,t ,L ,S gt L.,r l, Jll ;;U L.i rt l- .c*;
1 Bernhard Bavink2 Eryebnisse und Probleme det Na'rutwissenschalten
j;r:" J d;l' Y{Y
);L \lJ u.-il1 6;>- r: ,_,!r <,r;U-Lr ijle ;l ..rl;- "l
lt ;:;lt 3lr-;;-l 2 tj pt -o' c.-=-- I .9Ul L s1*l5 .r;l-r;
,l<"tr;r oj jlF rri-: L tr dtr i.-j i jt Jrl -,^Ll .;-&
o,-l e( JL 1r ,i*l .-- l-,21 ...:L o,- I )l 6t S r5 lile.i:*l Lt),t,-1.1,-- .J- | -JL ., g,- I ): ..'--: ct*
)Ji .irLa,- ,r,6 ! -.*, .9Li r,, ,iS.r, ;js -uL Jt.g, aL-,'Xrl <-,..i t9t r a. ).. .r-l 6 r^L .)4 e,")tz )b , .)r-.af 14li 7.2e;' tS t- Lt:* t-LJl ) j e)-+ J.- st: ^. l5.r:-.-r 4;Li'Ur 6 ; .l 5*1t,srt',* ,9U-.;l u;4Ln ,o ^+ t ,.,1J d- ot* rs -r..,-
u1l;;-: Ll .c*l ;L; ,*t d-.9111-' .r*-K;l .,!r .i*l oi+ Ltr" +! lr .a r+ I -1,_! \ ,.r ^z tS g*1, 6 4lt.r-:'! lJ .J^ L.- | -r)Lr, .rJ ft .r--tt aI.* .r,_.r*1, jjr,s ,s\ -t .t-y-t J rr !; I e*;r[ .9e i.;,5 t-i r,,L-L, -,,_rK
;l .-ro-r Jr; -r-l f .r* ! a5 rzlrj r.,.-j ,g;. ulk' 3:oS
,r:t 3 ,r)J ^.+ J. ,!^-*l r:lL .516; ;LllL, c ..,
,r.--aL;- .,)t* \r"^. ^;$-- t V S.:t;.i[- .91;lr pt #,r, -t, f )) -""-li Crt- ,91, .r;l;4 ;Ul-uL; :-r.;r4,_r, 15 ,, l-r
jl .rr+, .LI^; .-l1y;r 6,- I .,iri Jr .-u.6r ,,Jl1l ;\t;-: uoV.--+ 6- 7+- s6,)f )l .rt .s3*,si-,-
)t l(;9; Ut -Js.jt(x)(Px I Qx)y; "$; t .gld-+ Li ,(;_ I o"*- .91"
.-:L ;i 1l .9l,r-Ll ;-t .(;l L_ .:*l ,;U cI_;l .,LK J+
's\ rJJ' ;i-),t 1' .J,Lr rl .-...aori;- I orL ! f Ui- I iL I1 ,r:1,rol,tZ-. .,*-l or.:, o ! r ,54:.5 ,t-l
tJt) J'rS;l J"-" ! ,.-ul;
rL; ;l ,;19 o'j ,t-tt:t).e o-1,:.o s ,- t"J ,s
Yqd !.:-l o))t- tP;]' !l .Y'
Jr-J q+ Jr* ;rl5 "$; r l2 c,:lr, .rl -r pr, ;I.lf,_;
,rS ,_r_l .er rL;.r. .dt-rl l.{jl 1l ,:..L_ y :2r, ;: z tS u.,:*rgs:t)r; ul;o. Jfu o,_ I * l2 e^-r$ 1: 6,1 <e*l orV'L12r-
Jel .,1lrt--.,g
(x)(Px : Qx) :\ ;;\i(x)(Rx ) Sx) :l brli
lrr L,lr'-,p.; .l d)l,a trtr- ;tV 6,-1 2 g)(Rx I ex) :\ ;;tJ
.; .l d)U 'V_t:r- u_tV U_l , (x)(eFtx) SxJ :y ,r;U
,,rLl ,r--r- ,sV.. .tl );i'-,;;l; .K:-r er ,,1 ,- Li;*l
'...rY c+, C-[ JIF dr_ | + Krl ,.r lr r;*l rr.-.r.,rJ)L;.|
.K*-, y 1.2 ,lK-:-, 4 att a5 1b .re.-..2 .,<- f*i ,.r.=*)l 7-* a5 -*l ei -r..:r L :e; ti t U_l .-r5 ;Lr .EF_,L- 1b rjo-3 o 151-., 1, +-l ;* .,,: L- ,e_E: ,._r.:.-** .,J.jr .K:_l
)d
l* ,r-_f JL J*,, ,lr(.j+ 2: 6-_l $ ;;4 ts4*ttJ 1 ,r L-t-- r/ 1 r).rA ol.t(,-;., .er g1l ..dyiJ 1.r,-
,-,-_l ,-L* lr, -u; li./ la; i .lrl, '-.-, .r*!*l,.o .K:-_l
\ l:ri ,919 got ,^Lzr,;l; .g la-ol-(*, aL5 + e .-Lo)t! I
,9r d- tt st j 6 L+i;t ..,J .r+ -r*. u)a;\ -) ,'F_ ;U+t+.-*r+ ,r5,r, ,rl;- .l e5t! a;r aL_ t ,*ly)-5,j" A;Vl
"*tlt jl &_ ,n + ^S ,p:,
", |.rg-_;", L_i .:3, _r l3o
6'4. L- ;;;a itt+1?"r_," I l;,r, ,n; | ,9tV'L22r> 4_l 2n
.+ d):+ ;,,_ | a9; .l 4r;.1; lrar A:tl J)l blr(-_,t a.r-j
".i eU, ;-r.rL- .'lU !, t.4rjL; ',t\-t, ,S )= ,l ,st5l ',)lJ
d"ir,:+ J cJ, Y\Y
d;.; Li \- l) 6L:. r.r*lt .;l ,;L,- .tS u. g;,>t.b{--., ,jL*l:" ! ! I j;1.5 6t, ,5ll;l:; 64lKle 2 J)! 4,1.2 c-- L
dr-? It il ,.1 :?:. .rj,r, .it;S s$ -* \ trr-.i\-;uL:. ly l{i c.*J ;*lS .t} .;'-S 'r.:, crl l,i,rli.f,kLl ,-rU ,4_ {t qJi ;l .lr*.;5 -r:;lnn ;-\a,E g}; t-r-_! l, ,i ; .l .;rlo t+b i- t ,s*.li; eJ,_ 6 r_; b,r,
,l;-r:U ..r-ii ;luL-.;r ,.-*l 65.- .t; ,A ,;.y ,slq)f.titV .;r,a.,
"!U L_l; iJs.r. JIL d*ilt tl .+! ,, wi'lL- ,-rrr> ;r,- I ,,.:* I tr-y a rrz ;-..L ;r4l; ; Jl
.ca,;t_n_J,r. cr- ,s* a;U cL- -,-p:. , .)51 J,_ G;e,P At S c*l ;,,,-l 1,)t-, n-6-. i*l ;r<- sc---r1 n.,p-._rlc t -rrtr Q j,i lJ .-!6r; g;,-rlLjr { O r2l5 ;lit -u;t.r".rl.c.;t
.;Lc;l -r,Ll Li tl ;,Lr.. Ll r.-u:;L r;li ; .c -(.t ,J .,-: .
oL* F-, alGr- (),-+ -\-;lir,^; ,gf.-:.2)n e <r.t;il
.c*l o-;9;U;_r--.o -r_r-*l*i );r.U-lJV r,:*l <;.2elo>
l) qx)(Px - Oxl, ,sJ * ;rlj -t;u; ei.r -*l ,J- .+1
l, ;i Ll .c*l .;tV ,;lJ dr,,l d ,- I ,-pls. ,ss.rl4 .rerr.
sF.' ,= ;>i e;Wl ! -lr-.r el .sb.r, C7 rsilrS._l! eJ,iJ tJ Ot
1rlr,-,lK-;' p tJ ,eS 6 t-t_t lr -,lL- ,(!_l dlJ
"1,*.*.' ,.t[- r t t n.tlrtrJ. J;- CSS r*;b 1l er 2 6,_f5-:; a" l, Cr: ly .rl )l G-.# Jrl "l6rp
...r.;; b ;i l; ;,=; lri
;p-l , .tl .tSu. a-a; (x)(Px.>Qx) Jr--r tf+ J- ;rV.:rlt' 6,;l-t h ,:',5 cL;l a ,rl-k .9 c* I 4U 64:,j
YqV !c*l r)tp bPa;+ ql .Y'
.d*l .rF dt-rl ei+|, a, "glaL)-
t'r+! ,lJi Jr fri J,-r-) aS c*l O*t;U, Lt-t ;,,. t
(Jtr: e" a5 f J':l,ul ;)o a Jtt* .r,i.: ;r .e*l a;;; l.>
1J-c glt- g_l!2 I u1s.t: nulttr2n C ,yS lf r_,71.1 .r.r,-..1
.n* t 6 € ..uLt " l; A iill .4lt )r>) ; '-ti- JrL.)+ 4 6,11 *-laJ.-r-nLi o;i '+-ti.f .-I^l " lr B jJlr
L;l ), Kttits?t € .rSF-";l .r. .r! 6l;1 ;l; ;l;.J-tl:- u-.tt12 Jl c3 15. >i--." 1J:, .,.:*l ".r; .-r'nL;
\ .r-+ i:t,'r--,,:L* ;F + ,i )l e G1-,-. 11 .-r,-l.rfe-=ll;t fr^ ,-[L* .rJ.,.j dL]l ;bl-r,"L:-,6r *. u4)e -h + t: ,-u-! c4, eh ^. .7 l- g-t-t ).i5 r*l d,<-Srt. ;J-r. c.,--l jl '|J; o,l "r)t + .c*t
=^.- LUt
.rq!L, ;-U5 1-rc { l-r ci4 rl*)li r.-.; I ;*l 2l:;t:.2tJ ,r -J+ c.-l,o .,1 .;.:*
,LU L-; S .-)e .gugr=u.,* e'tg;:+ ,.rLr rl1l ;-:* a- 7 ^*l AJ ;;2-" j$: r ,:Ll..: .J*lr ,.JK.:lt
.l*1, ,:.1,_ ;rt..r, ,9l,1lJ .sl,tJ;!i+ fr" 6l;Lr L-,}.i
.-r.^L- u..r.L 2, 1.2 u,J; ,rlJ ,-t-l .J* .*t ,sl,rlJ ,&'et-, S ,;Pl ISO
of .sl++ t-S ^+i ;)s ;l 6f--: +" + +_! JL:21e" lSl;r ..:*l .l.iti J--t Llr, , ;V ,L), cJ,_ ;",, .,,.el^;I, A.il, , A,6; U_ i.;lr ,i,_ ir! B L.t qi C !..- a*11 ,gla
r*. U C r-r ,rrt'Vi;, l) B r A Vrp .c:*l ,5:lo a .qjC;r B;2L.c ,l A ;2L.' UI lfr ..: L- e*l .;.rLa F iL 1.,7
.7-16 614; + t d6 ,.r.tr\ l;,.-,_2L-o .er g.,_l L :c-l
;"-,.- 3;--Jc l\7
.t--S,j-,* Gr.
stLz P ;e,.-.1 .o "Ki p Jl, ,*.J u. J.el .,1.ll'-r.r
'r-J u^ p, ;l;9--1i rt.:i ul; ,r-.3, a lri d,,,- Ir L:, ,.:-l
..r1lr r.;-..2 P ;er-'l .t:*l etV'V-15 ro u-l 20 ,IK;I e Jl,t!u ,u Ll .c*r,, -ul; (e: *. tit, :' ri o li o,-lJ, b
J r r -rrrJzLt.5.L ,.;b *-olr-,j-r 2 to.1l4i r-l+,1 .tJ r,F j '-;:t d[o;l .ir : -tot -51 .t-4t l] -), jrr (.F:-rL &llr
->sa ot. t v; Jl .4 ..r:r l; |ii; !l '-^;;r. rl ; l..ri-r4l-r.. l2 ;t^.oL; I V- ,21"u" g*t,t:;3 lrl;;, j .-&.*lt )l 6- r-L; ..r;lo.'3, 'L-l t jgu \-rlJ +U .r.*J
; l.rl-;.; ,3i . Kil L,5 r;b r3;.9 .91+-L 6=r Li Ll n.;*r -t&.* l^L.- ':.rl; J.rl;lJ<,-j49 15 -!6 .sl,r+,-r.?. t1.1,". 1e:
6st ,s 2l ,",:;+lg t:*p a: 1'.r, ,r l-ri-;l GVI 6\r'.)15
.4lt 6 ; I -u;i.:- ,g2 .:_ilt, ,/4,r-+" 4 Cs g_Nl;Ll .r:.:.-r ,-;rC-t ,r:lC +,,.i 6/+.,)\L 61V 1*1rgy.-*l ;.rU aJ c*l .:-* L 611 + W ,st *:lt ,ttt s9,'rr o l-r(--;j ;.-ri ;.' L4; i Ot tt).trz ra Jl, lr ;LL.-I,t;--..l ;r91, sL:a;2'. gsU,.-.t(-,,-r 1l
'LL o4lri o'-l ,silJ
.;*l u+ bI G2 .r.:" -,1Jr -rr ej,U d- Gtn ,9V- ls-;
,)-^-c- 1: ,g -::.:. Gery:, $ltrf 1':, o l-ri-r.c Jaiij T;
hl- -St G.- 4 rK o,-l lla;l t )rU -r J-l ,, K! ,-!6r) + Jj 6 \s:*-" Ll; - 1f p:' b,sl;'s uJ;trtb;6. )t^,;lJi,ar 2: - t ;e'd J.U Jrrl;ilst.rtrlcr.,je, ."r.:.r: dl;l tL- dilt r kiU d-LlJ, .re L.. .sq.+.r-."
.LUil lrr;l.ri-ra.5 ;-l t;;* ,zW ,slJ +.r+, #, cr-
tlq !.:*l r))p o.-4.. c.:.lt t?l Y '
a-. e; Ll nr-r5ii l, c,; c,;l; u. ,,5-3-'-* + .rf ,4;,6-t e-Vt y ,;;lr ,11.21 6lrJ:.- <J--" rr +), ,J)V ,S r;S
,-1& aU;:l lS,r ab lJr.ijl3 r,Li ^S b c.-J )'
6,lorJ o-r.aLi..31r, e, l'1 3"- U;a;+ di-S- t2r"\rtaf- J
sr- L. & ,SV,S g-|,''f iric gUl ."1.r.r-l { ;L+,1r
Ge e-! lt 6i 1lgu. !i drr-l* jl Jt' -rJ J7 *a d.
3:* ,.-Vl Ki_l .19.-:,r,l.2,ri s t-t1. cl 4- * 3:- .-S.c .l 6:b L .91r, .:-Ji; l1 u;
j-y-tt t .:1e- 12 Al) Jf '*rr;Li _l-ri- ',,r,, Ul
j.i, jq 4 )L.5 4:.,:t s SryK b i.:i-: 11 d,
u$); ,glt. rS \r. b ^;;V e tS u, ,.s -&-t tt u* l; Gi5rtil .el lr.- .),/-ut/ t xil u. gt".t + -fl-t ,t 2 .>-e-ua otj;
G- 'x ;\S p ,914)K l-l .c*l ..'J ;..V1 .924 rsll,# "r;ii S l),s--\4 ,.).e ;l; ,r; j- !+ ,s:t+i-i",; e1J;, .91-i-
.$l{^ili .r-..rL; rr..r t ,r, ,}V ).15 -r,_l.f ".uL:" -,,-rr5
,r<-t-\ Ct- ..1- ., K* -ql* a.J.r 2 3; t.2e, .2,
CL- O-11 .-rJ ;-Lal ,1b _,1lr.e '.e4. 6).+ ,' 6 jrty uJ :;3>u. C- ar-l . J- "<r- t -,a-- a, Ll .r5.-;aF-'O-) a, l2 a.;: .t; J-f I Lr Kj,l !9ly a.;Lr ,_1.;l-,
e[_ ai .;1, ,:\ t trr J; 6 ^;r,_l ;lil o-_. .r5-t,t"
;r- I ,r Ll ..:-+ r *t!- I KJL ;r ,*l tl;r l-r-l p ':je
lJ,.'l)
)p). JJ;-,,r* .5t'nir? :J;i a, 12..u;1 JrS S.l9 ,-l "ta-l ^S t-J u" V * .;-:.3;r ., L:; gLle ;l lLa; .";l'u',!r-- "u; dl,- -lrl L-; a:*: ctS- , .*l ,9 J--' L-;! ,li.r -ur! ,r.r. a:ti JJ , + p u-;+; Jl
i;r,' J d'1l. ll^
.91lrr ii 15 el &,, ) j,r" .^S c 62le: jitJ cr, i -<) t_i
At ,Slt 12.9.2lre3 iiS f-_",.51,r1-r; i:-; 1.r':l 6a t;*l D
.:.y t:.^.,. D , c ;AlL ! t-- Kt'l .d nr, .|*t ,t-l +;.,1r e LI .p-16 slaai + ujoi), )l I .\.> oVlr;5 uJ*_\ -,tso u'_l .st tJ ,:la 4 ! d ..,.:; t..U t6-;i ,; -,,_L: :- I f) '; €* 2 ;i' ,;;K .1 -r,_! f:5 .,..J tL l_, ;t-r;;j5 gzL
e+A "t ;* t+.? I e 't;S.J .rt L .r;r.,L 1 ;.r, .:11 ;l L_i -r,-r
12 t373. 4e, l.r-r- L .rrl"r, t-, -&-t Llr 6--t1+ .r+L=lg,- I .,Grl !+6 4e \r)J b.l eL_ grj'i 6:La ;Lll crlT,.g;lsr, ;Vl LgIr,, Ll ,rK;,1!-a ;Uel ,r."13 .c* I ;Li rt5
^-".* -fi-t r-ls^ ,sr,t J \ gt) ,r9ar" uoV t-1e, -2t 4lr.rld,=- l(1l ,sD .4 jg )S o,_l J, .r, ,.!.. s;e, .1,
Gr. ----+;6," I ttlt B sA,t.,*.9141, f:J.--,F { ,=5 .JtL l2 a.i\ 2: ,KI , ,"f .;,-y ,91^L,.1,
)U + J* 1r Ll .c*; "lKrl5 ctl 6b Lrt1;1 ,J,-,
jl # r--=. 1.jY a-::^.a el,rf .J gUe tzL;: ,r( 3;.,1_; ;1.,.n{ ,rrt r-, !-, g-Uy B s A ,-*. * ,Art:L-,921}a -'VlSi;lr d -r,; L L-i s a#-4.;tjci c*r ;(- L'r .r:1.*,crl l:r.rl ,S
"st rf o.lS QV i;), e;cJ j.. Gi ,_h + l,
,* ,kt.t 4-l 6 6:zlyjl t .,! ;-!-"rc .,1-r.oL; rtf- t !-."1* "rr. ,tS u^ ata .,1 L,J-r1J. 1r
;Sr- 2t ,_ra- aL.6,* ,, I ;*ca 1., ,!* tS ,rSL_l ,r *1;.r, a5; ,lrl;a e:-_; e tS u, crLal r, ,. a, ,c*l+*,r".y U .rs,,l e-6 rr:.:J.; l; t;8 :t 3; --.Ll" Ji- ,.+, .rt ui))tt e..r, C- !- l-!b.r, h5 ;l 1., 4_l
i . \ l;*l o) L^b n-:3 c;J, L.l Y '
s--l ,4 J:,, i:.;^i-...,r', B,-q:'A t-rKu, uJ 4tL;j t -"; 3 o.o,rtG 4 jl c*l uaV r;r" g,la( c*l;r ejl! g,_ | +( c*l .-ul .,uL;,r--_ .c-l Jr,*;la-;L4:.-*l o-rr, 6rL" -iL; .sWK.: la; Lr rr 1Li '*il2 t; :;3.
csy ,tQ ,5l,tlf ;r'-l .c I ,-;rt-a .,- li r ,Lj -* ,slt ,.r.t.
J_r-s k+ J* ;rl5 crl * ,_pi: 4tr, ir3^4, rt a5 ;* t
't(i I ,,3* o-lALr pa Jl .O, ,t*,1 ex Jl x 9.gl1l r :.r4-,_r.
i-r,_-rr. ; l-r.rL; Jl ;*.l ^^; 't;L- Aa 6ri 6;L; .rL5 a,
sJ g-r,o, s.rJ ;jr 6r lt .rr l.f ;r,_ | e; b,r; ,rt ,)1-,2r .1lr .er.r 6.' L1y u Lur ,L ^.L..1,
;L ;,_ I + c*;.>B oaY:t - &_ r-tt <.c*l y +..+ pb x,.r-r A)' trr.L_;*l ;i u22: a uaY r.-: L_i 4t rS rd.-r 15;*r .ri t5
,y 4 , Jj- t -J'^t,t, !i C d*'j ,<!-l "elr
Ll .iKt g{ €-J \ '13,,:),- ;I 6..: .,; ;15 ; I o)1, sr,L;-Jlral " rrL- .rl e :r; jtS I ,-) ,Sl)L, ),;;U ;*l ;2Y
c-Ir .9U- i_2!;r ,.-.:.1 ,$ f I ;*t 1r-4- 6, .o:^is +
-l:+.r:-.r, ?V lt;r a5.;;ly -;L; 1tr;l iJtL . l;
'S 6Je Ll, llyl ;l ;*l .-slllL ;lrr o,_l iJlL .r:5t ttis.; dl,l' - i^L At4 ,;;L:-.t^L;.rt.-r.: .-uLi
..:*l ;*lc d L-. ,.U- )l jJ*'l , - .:*l ,t):.\ ,,t_y ,6-h ;t-t;l c-.I.. ;.ua; .91,;{+ d/-l -st ,soV eJlL r; t. .)* .:t, J ;.JrL;,_l u;-1t.r,_ I 2r l; o--It;t^ -J lL rt_; ;r){.c t l-l .,,1..,;3!
"|-r. al
- Ll ,Jis. JL;, -51- ;,,_ I _,7r a15l 6*.19 .rnpl,.ll; ry;
q).? J \.-Jl r..
.'; J:S l; ,i .9;.;-,r iJlLG4J 6-L 1..1 uil2 +- 6.:. I g,_ | ,r-l-l ,iK; Li_l;.>
l-* eL "z t c- J J.3; Jt- 3;- S -f-..+r r eJ., r.-" JL f + ,€ .r)J J&) l_t ,:l--* s o._1,,)r,- Jj: S.2" ,S J--" o'.1:u s.1e. \r*- .AJ -h ,, tr.r;r" ,-:1,_;l ._;1 .q L,
r i.L br-a .:.-)ot L-t-. r. ll ,t_l ,, ){.15 ,',_l.rr5 +r+ uSsJt ;J,.b eL d ,.:rl) ,Wl ulr rr., .t4"- ,r- .rL- ;_$k-
\s-U) tlt -2' g-tie 13L2 p:+.,./ ,.-l-+,.tK:.r .;*l ,-.r-t & ,;t r,l ;r uL, c:;K ;l ,y- e)r; * .-r:i l.r, .;i.c,- |
all .Cc vJ 4by' .;..*J , u Lyr: i:l; ,sla.4;a;=; 1 tSn +Ll J*;l ^.:+, 4. \r; j; .rSJ G" , ,ti!l6.
)r- 611.ro \ ,-+ : crf./Ui-q ,,- j'. -rl;L .lrlfu "l:"1cL llyr* l-, u-.r;1& ;.l,oLi 'U -p U-l .ss* .x*ci
."j -,:t' ,* ,hlt..:* I *L; q2l9'
_2 f-1' ) ,,t-l Jl ,t(r..,lij rL--.r _r..1 : L 3_l_r,.. L-; Lx 63;- d.-;:L-l ,,l _y ,91u.; {t ,:,::: ,Ki, -ul L L ; to ra,-Jr gdJr !
'9s j:Lo;
^-, tlo_-$ rf .r.+*- JLS q ;-&;l^;L ,p[ ;: uJ :];.'.L1 r;; , 3;_ S ltiJ ;L.o
€lt .*, n!.:J.-:; I, t:; LS i, y! _"tr ! ,r1l_r--Lf lrr L.i .r-_ui- )" ,L .l),._^.:.r e.,La.i-; ,l ,ri af c*l4y ':L- ,s-t1 ! l4r l_, Si .,1;.r- J9 g c*t ;,-l J.-,4.t L.3 ./'.t brl;4 .,-L1,, q- r('li ,J ;Vl u-;.-:-.rF.s"
"F.rl ,.s21j2.,*l is;-c.,, Lll ,.grL; ;l_uL;r, r;
fule ,;lr!_ i.-_tr d! ,!' &" t c*l ;Uli _zlel- ;\1.,JL [- c.,.1 B ,5:,, inl2 Le: ,,1:17.i-l 2.' ,: A ,r\;)r€ r)r lr.o;_L ;r -51 .'* )jt Jl-r .e i.o; .r(aL.t6rE JrL- )l l* e.: .r4)s. a.?)) ,J-j)r- , sV-' ;: .e
d, "r,_! 19 I..i" ,r<t^tl .e Jri^; ,,_ I 4;.)jy a;11 .:3*u.
lp t ,s*rt Lljl J--'.:xq.2r rL-L .,y- jJ s;pf .;,;lf;,.22t r,1 r5;*l 1jY =_--r ;r,-l * 2 ttJu.1.J -Ut";1L-;, l r-,..L -L-:.;1- J .r:; 6.-,Li J.,L; rl c-J upt .:s-
d,:l .rr- )ltr JJ\, el-S \ -r,_! J,u- ,.,_rro 3-L-U., !- t -=; gLLy- .;:c ;, ,-..-J ,r<at.l t- !-;l :1r.,
tl il e; $ il .,Li.l -. l . i.o- ,r.ll-r-l . 'r.l.:-l K;.aL-rrl_r+v.(r'
,t:- rC c&e ! dF + +! JIL , i n-J o, as l) J..l ir,-l
dr-:i It j I Lr)Li*l -,r J-.el O'-l ."-& -h jr ..rul^:; L ..r., L-,lr-,! .JJ l.r-<r ! J". ^5 er,,_rr ..r-r Li a-l 6r7^t ,;!-_rajl crrL:..i l; g,_ I .; .l ,;- .J L- + , , g;.e L- c-lrlii:r I ;,,-l ;l ,rl a-l a( ;*l r;L-. ;,*l5 ..':,; l".j rSL l->t,," .r;! -t? ! .rrL- -r,_[ .,Uli 3 r_;-./,r-U .rr L-+ I
;.rlrt_ 94 ^+ )^ ) j+.; ;Ut5. t{\b: c"-L+ .+
,, c*l ;i;- .r.oL^-rl ;\..i L '+:i t 3 ,-L-l ;,1 .;+,-l.; Jr:. d".--t ii-J; \s*Vl Jr-ljl ,ri- 1 , J; iL- --+.gly ,r.;*l r.lt J)- t i,, .rL*J jtj ;;,-N J, ..
.-r5.," U-l c+ ,t; ).al a-l ,;er"l ,g|jdrAi|;;)eL-b u3,s.,S a;l-' .rJ !..;1 a,j( ;, pl, )l- u
\st .'J , )t-lJ Fiitj. "f,-)r L s l;.r" l,
"|.i5; ;-r-,1'
)t g!.i.r(Jr )l
'-i_t r c'Jt Y.l
.r' g,-1 "lK.:.;1, 1, #Jlc*.r .r*Ll ;;l; ,L-l ;L;.r JL el,- ,-i'-tl ,S_t,4-+ e .r,.;; -,)iil .l \1\A JL
r-_.r-- ,r*L*l J_;V .)-l ;K.*..-; ;l "f--
,s: .ul "|5r4 o!1, + L't ,ri-Jd Jit- ;4^,- ;,.- ts, ), tt)*..
..u .ri-iIc c;Je il..J..,rn2L- .gLn'L-r
r5 :1lr :3,-. e --l .2; ;_lJ u-11 "S t2- u" tA "bldb.{+ A,,S)_b +,t5 rr",l'r, ;J t lt'i ;LL.-l
.9l.rl1l L ^t.#.-,il j lrl..\jL l_,.r-r r r! ,;l2L ..r.lL.rJ
.-J Jr .t ..rir o,f i* U_i d.r J- ,L;l irlzl .uLrr ';:a. dr*lJ' 5- :: .{ii+ Li_l _.2: rir3,-.3,. <,r,l.6Jcry rrlry;ll-|,&ir,-i, ali.:/ t c*l'" ilr- i ' ;l JJ; u_l s Jt S^J;L o,-l ot"l r- tf)J. )r ,g2 .e:*lJ:S b jl ,j* JJ-- cr_l
,rr L-+l fb .{ ,.*; ,l d.r I n( ri +r-.rU-L eLr,_ _),
;l;,r. L;i )l t) J,-t .$ ))rr. j\ ! ._! J- iJl r, e5 ;*lncJ ;l9r .J .9 t+..b ,;.e,.1 ,;- 2 ,:;K y I 4:
..r;..71r ,r* f* (x4. + ecl, { ,r-^q.; u,_J :tr;u" ,-t;l;+ (trQEt g.;t:.:l: g.>5; ))r-l , r.l U-l O)Sr-;r-; q.iL;- ,-tr .rQJ +* s t $ ,- -,..l ,*L ;-r."Llla;i .r-.;1r:9-.9 l-r.4-r1 .Sls9 -):,-..)2),a .rej; I t$ o-1,--l,-;5ro 1l:;,.:*2: ,.rj)tr I ;tsro 4 iJ;. 1 ;.12ro 6,-1 4
J-r dl_ ef )rLiL^ .t*-S; u. , oe\-l;.l O- L:11_.2 2r j)Lil
Causality and) <cr[it5,,. e c.:,Lcrr 1U r ,J-l.JlL r, (Ketsen) O*.5 -!Ur .f(\1f \) A .)L,r, (Phitosophy of Science) -Le r.,i.Ji i,-; ,, lRetribution
(societyand Narure) ,i -,,1e er.' ,..: #.;, f,;;;lJl
f .0 rd*f o))p b;t';:fr Lil .Y.
OilF ef ,;lr,r,;Qll ;*lo i-rLr, .,,i:5rr rr1; li :=l+611 ;.r-_; .c*l .lr-i U{i --L s-.1: t;S.gl4LK-i,:6* ;l t,r.Ie )-K ,.,U5 JL.l i-r, 2r .-- I "<- *-S f;,t--; Jl .tj6a;& lDi:K-L Ll ..rr! _.,:, t e!,4Lr-rb l2 bj.t t orJ .K .$rpL .r^lri ;.:r r,
"91+i1cr"$" 6\K"t;l; a, ,.5 ll-r.r, .r* L J* l) rl:,<-L ,r;Lffu ,*..e; 3 $ J;S oti.,. t+;,_| .,) .€ fut, .t.tlj l; ..:*l a;[ go ,-- ;: ,r.i.Ji r+f .+ vlj ,.rt'5iS.r, Ji l,4.* ,-W gor eL5 'l: +.;LKl .11 ,.51,r;r-.
Lt, nt-.= +_l (.J5,r^.j ..bL D o::1, JS c..)n,4Je s
t2, :S cL_ -rl;L Ll .r;5 .-;; l, la: i rl .ri_ ;U.el o^K i;u"
6 Philipp Frank 4. Erinyes
;J-p e ;Jc l.l
l9 c-" g;k---.'.j tt t ;i .'t i.'. af rlls :r.-.1 ,,ll; af r_,, .iL..
;rUt JL; ! .srY! .sl*^*_;Krt * t_,lx )9; j1_,Je l, J)- e i ,s2t,, J-t &l* 1r .rl .+t_ .l,t(rtlc.l .; ;l.r r.* J.l ,.,:..- ,,.tly rr l.: ,rxJ I iI; l-r. k - .S.r.,j .st ;Ll;.i 'j ,t-l .Slt uJ*l tlt Jrl.. L'1 ;jr,, .1- I "t2:r. )-ol 6l ":J .rz; _,-tl- + \ dt L_j; n\- ,ss E,<! .rJ.f +l*- ;i * ,_k ,,t-l.r.ol; .,,[_rrl L 6e .c;,|,,r,rl;;,r15;-.,, ;.>lj JSr .)r-G. r,$_-#l;,,f,_y-, + I.2;l
,tk C-t,-rt :-u;! tCJ^. ! .r:L- .,,_! $, ,rt .r*!.c--.i ,-r. .-9;![ ,r:--..o rl lL
i;-)1.;;l Jb .sUr, $, ,-r! rt ;l*.; . ;,*J5)l tStr. \ s*tr
^S n--S rf otslf i,tt .-r,r. .r;l2l ; U.r,-
rl LL)U rJ:...Jt .Srf Jr jL-i.+;r rrLoel-r.;tl
"-r;.l5lr.o .;*l .' ,'._rr- r-:- ',J) l-* )J..9 -r- o1lll
2L 2: c;13 ral'j; )ilj L bel.ll 4_l ;l t:;r;> r,--]. s^L-;e;rl (. !-{; J;a lF ro,!,_ l:
"gbii,lS r',[;g;.;l ,-;_1-;-l
2:- & o-_ .)t 6 ):,1J-rc iXJl ,-rL b 9 lrj, 1Lc.:; I ,,_.r a.* ; L,o
L-; S .r.D{; I ,;;U ,.1,_ rl t;rr- t9t2" d3 \ 4J..tr
'41r r*tr -51 .t-rS o:l: g>j.:*l o.:r; i_-r+,- O!l.r;
.J,r -rrlF .-U15. ..l9 bt2 L; O,_l rl U, j .l5! i,r,-u: 6 t;:s u)l;y_ iL)t; rl ,s>. 5,_" i) )l
Y\ J-
beJ
Jt*l -,rt * \ nt l, .rJL ;l ;t el;rr^S
US 6" u*,r 1,:r l.l.lir. .di c*t, * 4t'lr.r; Ll .1ll "ja2 uLl. ;ttr- € ,*
l* Cr'-l 3 uJ- * ,{ rt l.t -,-tsta ;l* ,S; ;r",5.,)-,,,
-, jJ*.;t ,rt,j- { J.l" a(Jc ,"_* ,;--tVe ulS-l ,;l2ro rrt .rYF .rtJ ,S '" I l, .;-1.1 ";tli*-" L""f, o.-'t .p. Jr a1 -r,_! .d,-r J:.i 315-l ,,-r)l ,rs.ts'- * k ;l .* ,*r, G* t cS-'\;Lt- ,,3rrt-
r. or.t 7l;l ;l f--, ,sr\-.'\_t,l , (,-* , ,f* J' p..:;lot; u-;s. 6-t ,-b ^. ,CL- ,rt 4; a_,jb .r; .rb
.o L-t 6 c*l .i5l fl-t-l .1.(-.' ':,.t 4-l 2: jl .J_p*;"'1! ;,,-l .,2:.9LJL1 .r,L;..; r3,- .; .l o-u erjri ,,u--) .61
.-..2 e(L "iitr
r-3 d ,,-l & +r., rar..a-, )) Ul .-J r:;:"
'{ ,--tt t-,i,:* | ')s 6alti i-lo-- K-i- l ,l ;-
r.-r i,L ,:j!1, 4 r,.215 a, .ltil
'- J-r+ ) clt Y',
tDj.r)l .# l116 r,-l Jt A-t.J.r- l, tS ;r,-l J9 6;\;.r5,r, ;-l,u .:* l-2 .1, ,' \.1 ;'.J t t*c/ glb *--o .1:
a;! I .;*L.,11 ;--L ;;l; 1l <r9 r"6 ;;'l:rt )-* 6 t+rre5 -.rr .:*il;.f-! F-?L- "--b ,t-l 69 zt;--; a Jlui 1l sl;u^ a5 ll..ul .rl, g;;;! ;.-^L t 419.:*l ,ri;^.
.c*l or- ,;+i el a rS 6' ,r-L-l ,ss ,.t;S ,fr1r l- at-e,
,t" .tjt ,f-i.K-r,-., r( -r,-r ; l;,r" ;l-5 ,-L;l ;-; 2l Ll
.r-,71r >9'-. 9,-.L:.oi
.43 u 2 5-s- tl tS*;.t;11 ;! 6.J11 ,slt. 3 4 ttat,-3- u, az* nt{!l; .+5 l-u l; ;Lrlz +n lr,-r #' bi ;;ii..,i ,, .r.rl, r3,-3 ,ri)L;l l-.,t(- I *; .tbqF 1 +5 ;- Id"r* ^ r;: ;.ilri;l L+!Fr ,.reef- -i,--.l l.r.; e ;. tari:; l.: t l2 Jr (.d*l tI; rii; l '*-i ,f ,f * .2r rt.r5,rr
i,-".; ly .,: I .;tW ,-.1 ;,,-l .; c.*J a.;l5i C)t- I a t
'ilrtl Jl .tS rr rt;l.r(--,.. ri c^J )l .u;-...o .9lr-u;
,'J ,a4r c.r*l Ut E c--4 41 ,[ .'rF l-r." 1: g',-l g.1
.r L_ c*r .r-5 .qr.l il4;.s U-i 6 *l ;rl Jljr t{rj .d q
p ,- l)ot.rLu-l <e;Ur i;12,l ,!,-r1 .r" Jl :,"-L;
ufl: ,t -s" ,:21u..s5 *-.19.-a o2l2 dr,- I Ll ."Li; t1-.: + .liJr; a, ;l-u;-il.' e5 ,rJr* \- ',t15 Lt si 612 ,51,;12
tlS (* J* "-ts. ,t;y o, -)S + e?t t G4 ,-;2, dli cr lr'-[,
d ;r c;1., -h .t" ;4ret + r'-\ ,-.) tn 7 ;: *-*l u.iJ;
& C* ^. ,;Vl Vto r5r.-.,-.1^-. oil, dtr-;l .5-r:'-l b
ofu: -u! ,.;.J.: .:*l 6- Ct ,t-l .Brt.g|'-u: '-uLr.c..-!,u c*l t;-:.;1, u;J,. r.oi'; o,-l $[ ;rJtl .,--.'. 3,'r' ":* I
f.l ,-J" 'J..r Jb.Y\
,r e( t,r, .rU oJrl e; (\lfY) x,6"t3K s):, r (\ 1f t).-glrlL1 .5;L;1 ul{x--;1K.r ;i.,11 . rvr.ru:^l;j .g; "21 g,_l
..s;f ,t;:- ,1\
,115 ,,2'-2-u :r: , .JU t 9'V a;\.a.L- iU-- o- iLlr
!,.:...,.- ,; I ,* ,-ttr. fxL zslt ,t.S ,up2 ;p- dp e. 6 i-E a+r r.! e5 ,.j* I r:4+ diJ- O,_l ;, j.' g,_ I la, l_,
r.2lr re.-.e 's-6u$
i-h 4- )l .u ,|,lc J..";te Uj L,3 rL)t C+1, J.:.il- ;i3 ;r,-;-12 dtl,s Ui , jr€ 3,.* l-1 ,l .r:.5.r, .r:ot bl.t 2 Vi y l; !.*:l Q- .5tt.l^r
9rU .r'i l, ., U,, { nt i.2lt se-e Jr-l k- ,SItrljS ,J,-)jl F X- .; l .-ur )L+:-+_ l{!_ | ,Slr. ,s\)
"5U.1..j .-ur*:
...- .g br(- i-.or Jl- 6114 .c:*l rr,rrrL;r .t qJr"-i q+ W I
dH ,r-Ll -,11d rr..r.;:j, 6l.r,i;,s\" ulJ gr.:1 dJ + blr,r
\10A i,_;l; Jel
l; ).*;$ 2lJ
5 Roderick Chisholm 6. Nelson Goodman
Jri.l-rlU tr+ ltj'-'.JLi- 4 -JLi + + l'U !rra.Lr- rJlL.5tr.Y_2: rjfi. g,l .4 7r, f .V U YlA.rL-i-,\lft JL ,40;)L-; (Mind)
(Readings in Philosophical Analysis) ,,.iJi JJ*,- 6.')!.2r .r,b*-:,j -19(wrllrid Sellars) ;)- +A: r (Herben Feigt) JK [i J-t] AtsItz(Nelson Goodman) atJ ;.,1; jl .c*l .u ?q J,_r4"- (\lof Jrri)The Problem of,,) rrSli .--.:i r r-U St-+J,- ^JL', fL .(Journal ot Philosophy) r ; li iJ+, l) ((Counterfactuat Conditionals
,cJ[i pl.; ." 6-' rr- e,L5 2.r I \YA b \\f .rLj- .\lfv JL f f ;)L;vE +r+, (\ ldA ey') .(Fact, Fiction, and Forecast) cr+L;i.l J rLilStructure) da rliiL,,U ,. .;1L5.,.: rJ.:-;,-l ;)t)r J,tL .-jrl ..j*l ..r;j;L , i;;1, i* ,l, vf u 2A ol*; (\1t\ .d)ri) (of science
..:* I .r[ 1.:lrl !ri+-)q
g-:L- tr cr(t :: 4-l
c;-f ) ;]t f 'A
.,.,-rlr.26 e r* .rl ! 6 ,.:- I ,rlcsy'L- ..:*lr,_.i,,.,15.1 ,* ,-t ,;$:-,!,-;r,2.t; v -h +L
: v .p;rS ,.|tl -trs ,h r, ..-*l o-ur; 26 { ^:e 4l .tt.rr[-l o.r.i ,)-s. * ltuS2 .:;-yri L-t (i e-l ;l .Kr-, .4-
..:*l -ir.; rl: : 6 #.t tQ":-- use;,3" ,j-l 'K:-t d,- 6,t
tlf d , _-L,lr + t:^--; tS o; ,9;.:; tss il2 2'
;=-, Lut ulf--, ."e-, ,.-*,.srrr- *,p; -',-q Jr.rk+;ta v; .sl":r$ o-1 t. ,r,.et":- ;L)iL-l eL5 I l-.1 dLSW : o.;le g3,L! ,gLao.;lf lU . .,5-t .-15.,7r 1L;- l-,7
jL- irL-l, L9)L-i )L--.t .,YLl ..:-l u;l;r'. r"1 cr-l t it+.a:.;:til; c .l L;t U tL,- L ll <rrrc5U r=; r,-U ,94+rd,
..:* I .r;a, .gla*ilj Jt S ,*l o,-l ; 5U ^- t 7\; L; .tt"-
.9 Li- ,.:* I o-.r,7 .rL!1,r. dl'i;l F-) glt.ilt .i*t1'; L:)teV ,)i rr2 ,,6 t ! .r,l ,U crl,-;r ; ly,r^, b A:.5 U-l
..r-; L-.1 .o-l orti:-l r.;-e,. Yr* 15 rJ.j l ,(<;lr ?ti) "ru)l5U +, r iU *i ,.s\o,jJ,-rL- .#, j1)-; 6\ 9*15o'y's:*.1 ..:L-ri ."3,.r OL 1..7 .g l.-r,--rr 1lj,;r
"l L-.
1. C.l. Lewis 2. Arthur W. Eurks
The Logic ob I nr:)o ,SlrDlf ,futt ;lr.c ;* u31 iJl; r, .rr5 1.*. r .l\1t\ JL t. ;)L--r (mind) gr! iL. r., or-.::. ((causalPropositions
.rAY I rtr ;L;-(Nomological Statoments and Admissible Operations) aLLrl.) .r^;lr -L5 .f:,-b,. U".- rr (cart.c. Hempet) ,l--.-r .g .JrS L-; 1\ 10f ;l:J:-t)6-t dF E A. i-i, .\1dt .Y. .rL-: (Journal ol symbolic Logic) drLj
'':* I "r';
f\\ Jt',*, Jb..l\
211 c*l dr<- .rj)li 1.2 c*-Y o,_l r<,_, J..^J 14- ,sl^,_r6
-i.o2 ,y-l L rc*l c*1.2 jr\.ai L, J ,)i 'Dlf 4- aS tS,tK.-u t, .r-Ll ;-L- ul ,! .e=J.r* ,yl o;U ,i,_ lr .ri
;iL:-U ,rt ili*.rr.c;ilrrtt- + rJU ',,.6\t,1lJ ,,))-;.,.,-rl, -,t5: r .-* U-l ! r .'L !
tS &j :.-*l ;,,_ I ,l' .r_ I + ,e-J 1, g. 6 L:-n l_.7
.BC ubrt,-l!r..r _;r -u_.r+ OiU .iL_ ilr + l,,.Sl"rlJ uSa5 ;l.uLi br ,/tt' U_ .:* I c l-'1 ,rlJ ,t_l d*+ IrL,15 w) Ll ,.u:,..r .ri l5L .-r.i J^t * ^+; ;r,_ I ,r ;y'uj s bl, f ..tt uzV ;il, Jl r,-ji 6" gjrl ,e*l J,*k+slr Le: r ;1.r,_ I.r * ,S -K-t o.Y 'A"ilr,-r-o. it ,_; l(Jl ,rtJ Li 1' ,..r; ;tr;u" ,tl' dr/l J,*, "r,t1\
.c*nL_ .:*11 ,;U Ui ,K; I .i L_ e*l o=; l2 ji[t rrL .:*l)il L_i a5 -*qj,_l k- ,1".t rj(: ,.-:*i Lr,,t + t:*t it.t,slt jtG,/ Xj. tr; [_ c*l 1l:,_2e;1 ;rj,-12;; t" cI J5;[ .:*l -- . L:- !]E.sr-* n-J rr 3 tS u. +ars a, 'V.c*l t-E oyU .rl I e:*l ;r.;e, .AuV 7:* Jl, o-_6-,-
d tt-;*l ;Li Ll ,c.*; .erL- ;;L! g,l L ;q-;r .,,-_
b l^DlJ K-11 .rL + .r_l_r! ."urL .;:i.o sF" ,,V :, ^S
; L:.;rr, ;*11 O-b;- S\ ,r*lt ;rl_* ,_:ls ,,:tV OC,rlJ +
1'l.1lr5 a;,.r, 6' ,d d.tlt oiUL .gl^.)lJt L r(;*l(\)
'r.-J r=J * t^o- r) iil 1 l4i;rr, ;* l2 )l )":i f tt
""b J<- a,r l2 Q;i ;Grl ,r,rt() -rJ(; ;-;U AS d-\^rlf.2r 6,_l,l eL_ 1 J:r+ Jfu s2V ^S u,G,'tJ $) .t (tlr,r;l; L a,!Lr irlJ .c*l (tt s;*b ,s6,-,lJ .lV ^.,-r^a,
;:,.2 r d-J, r\ '
.t -+t Lt-t cJU r;: J riL;+;-. k 1., l_2 r,!L 6;tr riL ;,**l; ;;li el_ l.r^,1
! d t , l) ;<J- Jl e6 S u,.r, ubl c'. + .rrU u_l
ziJ 6;7-a flt rr, .rse L** e) o) t u-Y,,-L;c*:; u$:- )-ttlD,{ ;rl -hl 6l; ^* "f5;
r l; a,[.l; 6I Jl u.--.-*b,r^, ol,(; c*.,.1, , 3J- U_l Jt Ut .;;t,.r! l, o-tr ,e!;l ";lJ g.,-l tt.rtil,r. ;,:.) 4 ,p;G. \^)
.ur.r^; a:..; lr oK; .-*r r, 3"- Jt a n_J rs tij.<J,.? .r5rJ
"Lr +iF ;;U r iS;l ! l-' d,o *.IL .r .rLil,r..;t-i;l .c
,r^- )+ { KJi ,.-\jj ri lrK-i r-rU.rl o. it;s > .{,g.91r, .r!r 4l;,r, .rytr e)z i)U ! gl, ,, .i*l ,fl -*.;,uL:- rll; + ; | 6-1..2.e+ {tlrl ,JU a'- zllJ + Jiu-r-l
,iLl ,s:* o1a Jr? \r;c.. ),ldr-l + r5 c*-j 3; s.u:; Ir.,1
u\- t ,-S- ttr ,.:*l ;. r" )..15 .SV +,n '"tlJ oV Ll .rU.ii
.,JU .* tlJ ul c;G byV 6,_l ..:*l e!_;s ;.; l; ;r,U..:* I .ri t5 r-.;
Jr-*'k+ cre_ ,pr 1r J:--;\+ illJ 42^ ;; l_i
,F-& t{ ;>s .^; 'A- rrj ,li.r l;;15 ,,1 2 ,}rGJ:l -tt-t -t' I r.-. - t---! 61,? ^tl ,ri ,4_ 6* a_l Jln,';+ nl ;*l r4t) t.)t .9l.; "Ki .),* F::? r) \10A i,_; l;
e..'^1; )) G*. e)\;.2.r;l gr; + ,f*. G-" d.! d- O,-l
u-tl. )21 )r dr, .-.-=-1 .g br(.- j--or Jr-, k+ ',-;lJ .';lt
,JU n+ ',)f ,:L- )l$l alt GV- i-!. trr.,1 .91.1 \1AA
"j.: U i,_t Jra- tx* ,s\a,;lf ;l ;t I ,*l irs: ,.s-,.,-.e
)l ;r 3 JL r, ,,/U +, i)j eJ"-;ta!l ,-elra ', " J-i
f \r .,it rp.r J'L! .Y\
./Ll drt' l,j Lt. Ln,,_l ..uj>l- S t-, i-. r), r;.-ar5 s;l: 1-..1 ,s F-t t J* t .C dlt S; I ;r:e.l ..:*l
Cr,lr, c,* .:* I .glq-U c,: lr, .r,-l .K-q ,"+ Lt u-l ;l.i-, Ii .,'- :
e^ "/rLo,- >t tS Ut .;rt- 6lr,)15 ) c-Vl
;:t ,.:.-+ ,r-Ll ;.,,;U,{ 6,,-l <.,uU JL-c,.Li dt{-t>t lS rt o,,-t ,-&' ;)jl .ru! ,s-&-, t-I.*l ;,(- r$U
)) r/ .',13 11;klt ..,ry ji \l':;l { ,Jr l-r- :c^{ ,rirL; a.o
u-j2 urli tsV*r , Ltt itlJ .;^-,.i ui:la G* e)U:l 4-r; .r*U I 1tall o*" ,5 .gr-ri. ,r-Ll ;.,; l1,l I c*l.r-rb k*r &; .c*l ,!l-* -9-', tc ;
"f..lf'- ,JL;
l.r.o e -,i .:*l a,(- ..r--i JL ;.1., 4 t -9-' ,:) ;l .c r,
-&'&rr./_t{+" tW;.9_, '. lir J* r .f-.'*.r*
z)J ,i-_lt\.!:rr !r,i I q +t_ ,-l,t( JL* -! "t_+..:*;b ,r-Ll ;iU "lr.f
l; [*r- i.2! -,7-r
i* .pt.r-Ll l..,rt I c*l a,(- JiU dI- ;U1l ,313.)t) \s' )tr,.. 6-t eV t-t; U- ;15- U- ,rL; + l^.r,r Jr.-.^-. 6,ttL V\E e o7 6=;l5i i,7L2r a.o:;i d; dUl))L4jl
u* .-r-i**a g;.'L-ai I (/F a,llt *;-l eJ S s'Ju.tF- d;li !,_l .5 Jj# jLil|; jL-lA; 1,.2 i-,,.i r+ , (rL
€teA' e^ r, e c*l ,i'V ,_r-V Li )l Ls )b\ 'l-,,;il ,.sl)-.
- Lrur )l ,S )\4 -,7: .Ja'l: J'+ J* lri l2 t4l ;l;;
"s..: G4l, -:L-il .,r- [:^:prr" ,.r-L;+'.! , o-\:; t:*-;.: k;.r-l Ll :.ui:lo L.o -ro,b + tl grL;. e5.r;;1,
elz1r L- o-2[i ,-2e:S iret-., )l ilt \ ,t;'--; 6;-t j o,- t
;| r-ro k + S;lr; ..:*l .r.2ljf.; .'.e; 4.fi;l u-V
c;,.+ r c+r f\l
..1K- ;r;U :.:*l J1l 'r& 9.4- )l trrzl, ,& i:*; .J-U ;e-)11 12.2> LtlJ .4;rU 4 11. ,- ;:*l nal ;*l(-l.;.,r o)j jl*.,\ ,5{;::.\. -$i .rJ ;b7 i".r \1AA +-;1.,
l) jiU ..u:L e .j*lr Jt ;; ,)f .-r_l ..:*l p'r.r^. tlsi,\A. G,-4 af ,-pV rLj 4.,,, tr- 6\,.15,r- .rl*
'e;l'U=i.' ;li.r l, "rlJ Lt r) d.,,-l dr::t t-E +s d l.r',.:.,
.,-L.--l :; S!;t Jr J: .,$ ,'t+l ,r- 2lS s_l :j i_r-,t-Ltr.,.,_k ;,,_l 6 - r_& r.fu ! el+.'" .+Jt - t'..rt 1..' s J:-:;k+ ;tlf uJ Jt S c*t a-l pp-..,e -ral;t:; 6lt ,g:29|s ZrlS Lt.2.:;,.,-l ;,- ;L; U -51 t rt+ ryl14- ;*l fr pl.r5 rl s ;rlJ a(!_l ,-,:* ,sl-t.,'- ! .,/ ,jt',jL?ri ll, -51 r* r3,;- 1l c*l JK .e, pt+l ,r--_U;i d-+trJ / ,lit .tl_ l.2.ri -r,_! L_i ,-u[ .:*11 s ;rF.{5 -r;U
e*; i.+:,r-Ll ;*l ,-ttJ ,t6;.,,-l t-i ,9-6 r,rp,alr.f ifl 6 "-;i .pr;^.. ;l.+, .rl + l-e I rb a.ol;
,r-Ll .r;U .:l- "$; ;,;brr ;l ;tL';- ^S ;* l 6,- I { *ttI;...- (d.i"i ,,!5-i i;l,l ^-.); ,-b + ! no(-
J'.-r! .rq.t .f9; .91.2b ,tlJ d- 6:,-1 .912 Ll ,|tl.tl--Xt L_}; ,*" bj,jl_ 6 ,,^,J/L !)S ;"2 L-;6 'J ;Vll; 62 .* tl;l ,;J 4_2t; b pU;. tfJls-Y iL;; L_ L:li ;.: u-aV c.-,ie, i,2! _,2.: +.1_;o .,-Ll dil,,fr.t'\-ls eL; e l-:i ,13-r,-., r1 K! ,tS u; ,-.-.,- ;L; 2t
I Jamos Clork Maxwell
t\0 sfe !p. r J.L;,..Y\
-i5l L, -: ',-l * ' ' -:r e*! i;)ti l-l ,.-*l o1;\> -J
d ,rl :1:lK.tlS+ l-,'s J- ik-;,,-l ..u*; JrJl,ic.
b + t). -r,-r a=r lr- .r1l.r 5:-..1 el..r Jfu ;l j4t i'-;
.u! F-, d" F^U. .L-r ,slt .,,t+ Lr;l;,r" a1-; "5- dr.
'L-r-,, ,9l,1lJ ilr + lt --+ .,-Ll !,-jJU ,4 l-Ll
.r.:j lrt ..:.*l .:* l1 a,a 5;-l d-;,f5,:; ,.912b f 6 drl
e.. .r[:*.1r rl ,-,.;,1 ..r; l-r, -,rE F t i-rn orl;*l ;S-;il c*1, l, ;,*I.i, +! Jt lJ +* c.! d .r5,r" J':l.r-lt lbi r-lr- 1r 'iJs- ,;ly ,-.--$4 * ,*l ,,:tL,'. ;;U :,r5
L:":-:, ! d # l+ alicf l) jL-l 6.o 6 ,913L a; ,sV;
.r_l ! .r .d L- ,-*l ,j.,1." Jr.J q- _rrl t ,-"U .t_ | .*.45 .--:- L-;.rr, .-*lr.r .-.1...- r-rr -r, L Ll .fily Jr-jl s-Ll ,til, .i!- i. "b ilr )r .)l-u !'-J G+- J j dl1 c*) jl .'l.u e5 yl dr-l t dr" **l -i.S,r--1.2 5U dI- .j-:-;,- I t: .*jl+ drt' l, Jr-r t{+ t ":J- ;;-: tVil 14 6s,t
;*t .:-r, jit, 4 .n-&. G,. Ct t \ 6 i^+ J,_r iL. r,lug,, .2:1.2 s.1:-.e1 r-r l; lr+L a5 ,t l-r; ,J-. J .,!, e-l .; trL; L-
'''-t: 'tS 4 s-Ll oiU ':|q c':.,.,
zq+ -irrei*|,,r , <L e, a5-r:-r J - lY , - .l .- ,L;-.r. J\) _
e'r K rr i lV-+l.<,t-;, .!-L- .r.L-, ,-.,L.-1, Lr L;-r{. *""o.
;;* 6i ;l )t; ^5 ,jt+." 6W : o-.21e g3,U ,96o2lf ,N "
; ):- l*;u. i++ dr*..l t ,-,rl;.. ;L>,tL- I I ,.-J ,4't:2.,-3e ,.s12; ,-L lr,l L_ rr.rt:.il L,-r:D cf- <c:*l.tt )l 6s
at r I'
JUr -hj -r;;s 6" a-J,r-Ll e;U cL- _rl ;-..r^-. ; l.r:-:; l:
.:if r cJr f\f
,"u^;! .,.:, , l*:- Jy";k+ Jl(;l L_ J..-..,-ls .,j)t;l rtjJd,--lr -L: 11,.. 5-' 6ta3;^; aiEJ tt , ;u:S ;t u-,oV ft-'.rb.r!- -1; I :1.2u. ,:13 .tstl .-!.:.i...a .9:.1-r,i..
o*W c..---. drd l, jl .grL*i .-u1; L ,.:*;r ;r,_l Jl .';lt :r-2;r; .l 6(- ,rJr; k+ ,i4 \Sr);rjj ;l.','-.r" .l5q:rl rliril, i.*lL.,-, -u^: ! .;r l..a ,r L:5:{5 fi' Lt; t uV "ts,;: .J,.;\2 yL { d e(L.t ,.lr*- jrLa; ^rf lzl: rro..1 .9-'L2
cL-* C*ly ,,,_tit:.. .>r; .rb *; J *t; lX- t*lst : ,tlC1;il r -t -r, ;':/.'L.. J,JU o.t..:*l d)U L l.-6
;. -L;iJ..; cr+ l:, crt I ,5 re .r.-i:.. tf e ,yst; lr./U;.ili i; 6tt 1 Lli .; ,,r^t*rU;i _p _;r d.L ..JjaKj" tjit5 r.,1 ,;, . sg2 .;*l otv E e_Jr .L . Lhj _,,, .,*t- Kli.tS u. ,5t-;t:;15 .-9L l-a 2r 6 t:*l ,45 U-rr ,*1,,ul.$ ,..1 .5-r-b plJ .j.UK" "u + l, ,92 ;;lg qJlCr: lf .rl .r-Ll ;l,ai; .d---:t .r-J ,-=j'l;r- ,y-l )t,-V;l6--rrt..jI_ 15,r,t<:,r s t*.l vr.--.- Jr.-rk+;ruL-r u_l .c*l Jr;k+ S,; -*,r.21r,r. ,! .r-Ll ;r; ir
2l dr+.r e:2t^- ;L1-.r_E; drJlt 2l -r,_! I_,2 s*Ll d;lt! tsr+ dl{^t<i-, )l ,_r.f 7l;l ,s\ ra-- a5..;-;. g.; lr;
..rlr ;-- ..:r:irL uoY :ly
u-Ll ;;U .iI J5-; ,rr-_ ,cL.; JS- o,o, zr"; i!-6 Jy't L; ;,_t : t y'- rai .; l .rr J- rr. ,o<-.-l..l;! -t_,p ,;. +! ,r5 or.o l+t5- r UL, i- _,, {! .,rU.'ta--1. t * r-1 .:/ .r;L>l - lr -&.' L:r r-\ L; a-l *
;iiU ! .-rr.o bt\; itlt €tP 4.
r5 .s..r ct-UI ..r.1 Ji::. dPli .o!t;
ZJ ,Sst.;: ,r-L; l9r dr." li ,-l*P Jl
Y\Y .,it o1r.e i.!"..Y\
s-21: J.5.;$.-$;6;-;;u [_ rl,r*Ll,.rj.:jr-. .rLj 1 l:.i
a.2L .,,r rlt' ltl ,y .2t tr-rK. -b :t lt ,2lJ 5t a-l
i e e, U c- .+ -21 lg ,-.21r- L2' I 61e2 r' \14'
,4t. i-- )l tyo t-..-rL .,7: J+i ;-l .:i, rt-.*; I iti;,ps' ;tl$ \ t Dl:;S 6,1 ..'ru.:: .':;-i, c*l ;;l; 6,,-l n.'.r;,r,
jl -r*: -rr..,.r ..., n-Ja;i;r s1i,.:*l Jtl rlf );;U Sr.r*5 r.--U. u.;; J rs o-, -* JV c 4; *i pr-rL- I rr r.eJ;
c'.t-yo l4; t:-t f JVS d1L- .c*l c*.2t | ,t6 ,1'-l
oL;r.211, $ r=. l* ;2lr> 'q.s: i!: .'iii !-,* : d,;.5,1
'DljS U-lJ.lr..c-Jl.: r3,-3 e,e + t.s.t s\ t: -i., \10' .r.rLLl ,c*l J) ',jJ -L- Y- st..r ssl;b 5 ,*|2 eJ p2:
.c I .r;rLa,- _Jr-J k+ 'rlt .tL- Kl.r oj-6 ,-,'3.".>,- s3tb
! !$ :3-r^. ,sl",jJ ioe.a- ,)'a 9 e5 .r.^:,r, gLJ Jli o,-l
Oii 6i-l-- ,r;l,r; u;,j ,:*1.1 u3, 'n +J ,Jt AW S.,s\-,tlJ , J-b d-jl (Lii-:- c*lt ,.t-r;-,-l ;.r) 6;ly,.r"i:-.. '+- .rLlrr Lt-- -frt ';-b'11 ,rirLa,- Jr.l k-,r! t Q; l; ;-[- ;,,1 ir' b + .r" "ljU ul;o; L^'-,lJ
erL- ,,3i ,,-3 + blt./,r*Ll ;;U frgi" ets a ,e:.-t*Ll :.:*l s-Ll s+lt ;et*^ ;iL, i-; .-r; ux; 6;V
: u-Ll 4l4Jl(rl .* ;2V )t.,-^.-? ))r"l ui'L- zt$
-U .1.-l*, eJ: t: c,, -b + l.r.rrrl; J.r.;; I'g ,S\^,rlJ
,t' rqtl alrrl,ftr./.;[ s-rr1 ..,\5 + ,r+ (d-!iL-) .r, U-'
))r)
ci-a 2 Qc f\2
;l )ir $ ;-l61n,r-Ll ;jUn..1l Vi tb.-r*!,,r_l.ri ;, ,.rl, pt- ..:*l s:t- c./ r, ,..,i I ,.1l;l ,.1rj .l5i
c..-*o cJ,liti .rL_ .sl {er.l1 u.;S 613 t--; e;l-u:;l-r
Fa (s-Ll j.:rUr . ;,,; jJE*. ..:*l ;,,_ I ,L;.2 Jii ..u5.r,
J* l-, ,st-:-E dr:+ +Jl :r.2ll ;;U ,4- +-i.; L..r, 1 .r!.rk - 4, - .'-r- J-V;; t :,5,J-ts jl5;jlrjl + Jlr.?
.c*l fr& 6,,,1 ,l 6l.r..ub ) L, t U.. r Je--'1.2L !c*. ,_r-tl n :t_rt )l 6)q *_lJ+*,tx JU.ht i;12 lJ +- 2;.tL_ .rf -u5,r. ,.t -t Ul .l:r.rrF-& Jl ^S c-;K ,.t-11;;t )u .!j.rti t .,,_! l-l nc*t.21
.t_lJ J., .,-l'.r..:.5; el-S +* * .+6 -r;-b d;t,2;*; rrrr,r,j,-r,;L .t t\.t* 1Lt-: rlr.+;l s,-K,-J"l (.:-+LJU)
;x.3 ,*rt -rU l+i rl -L;,,1 w A +.Jjl.-ur o...!OiU ..r, J)UIL L..2r (\) :r-.e*l,r-i o.:b ;j p#^ (-t st al.rL- s,r, .:- l_,2 (al+L-l .,1L.. 1.x; (\\ 2 uz;"-- ;l; .;,:
& -t' 6 i)i a?r. t g_rb;-- f ;l lr rr ;,,_ I rf ,r,Ka ;;U15U, F-, u-S ,,)lt rt r:r, .:* 1.2 1l ;i4, i)r, (.iIJL-) U..
atU 4 &-? ,t tr.;" 1.;l ijl3 .,rr,. -rK t ;: r5 -:-.1lI rr-.1
.-5 ,_r, ,: -.:L s*Llp ;l nl(a ,ljS eL- 'r5\s.;lf ',.,i l.; .L_* ,t_l vdili i- i'r-- JL- j.-*; ei c*l ; 1.1 -C\ul, &"|5; .gl.2lr c" 6 .t-b'r l_f X;.t l u-Vl;; lri ..r.; ! ,r-Llu-12 - c ,s\^,t$ tI .Crr i-y ,;*1, no.r .u- eL.r
9. Otto Neurath
11. John Dewey10. William James
r\1 .,i' .fr i,L!".Y\
,:lr aL;:.; ggrLi Sg; * "l;o, t )t-l lr (Y) d.- .,-..-: j_t_tl
.NrPt (r).<g )tra 'UL. ;*l uS,-- Prt,.1.--
e n,r*Ll ",iU,
.Kj l ,neL; .$-r Jrl ,tL- 61,* +L .C.r ,-4j (,.-*;r * ,y ,tl l.) tr.-*l-) - Cr .r;Y[p > b ,tlJ u_l Jt .+;6r_l r, .-r.::-..r G,_t . r.au- 1+_l
'f'-6..:*l & 1,-C,Sr (f)
.& n*-r,F.-r-.r! sr jr-.rr s uS- g$rt:.-;;t alr;€ , L:,-l l, 6,-l .t:*l 61jr>
e:*l 6,rrr> 'UL pr (O)
.g9rl^; ,f5; r !_
.Nc(Pl (?)
C,,:r-'Vt lK-l ier..-- ,1,,f -;-* l, g-la4le ;r-+ .,:*t ,yrrp "Ulr,.S-f
;n j1.;: & r+- ir-t..*, 6.F.;* b,rl.1 U,l -L--F F_, .rt".... ;l gc...-l; J, .t-l .r ,b,ir:(t ,L or+t c,,.! .r;l Le 7 .25 eJx-- + t;n u-t dlO,_l sr .,U; { !,tl ;, dr_ I jl ,i: e.--l orJ tf_t;2:l-1
.e;l:7 "o
lr; e:-,,. , t?, ;.-4
c.251 e cl.c f\A
1U, r_}; u_l )l u Lnot:i1 Lu. ,.U t 1lJ 2r
.pli X? + blr€ g -r,,,, trr+," I J,L;- ,_r+, S d6It<-- I o,_ I t# 3 ,t^,)ljs ,s;U,. rotr- L r,Li ;*;r
,.l.(_- I
d,,*. L .rtij cL _2r Sr tlt ,\_ ^S +S eS .tf ,ra; ,.t;;-.t
Jl Ut ., Jl ,6.12r>1;,L:- c*l .r-(- pr .t(l ,_r-;L pr
"G'Uti,,.9L 41, c*12 - L Z;l).r.lL .::* l, - L ,L 611 ,r Sr
'J,L- F-ri L. u_A ;jJ e: ,y-12V. (p.t6 _t6 r, nc*1,1
(L ;!i _,,) c*t c* | _ r.s, (\ )
.,-*l ,925r,b i;L, pr (Y)
,- .l 6ts-,- kfr "<-
lL_ atr_l oi1 ,f,_" ;.2\,,, t.
- L ; I 6- cr_l ;,.n 6 ,.91,;lJ rr-6. 3 i;l g,-l $L- L d> _ L ^*\_ L (dUL-) .r-1,*. r+b L .; l c*t.); 6| uiS ;jl-r;l t d .r-l+ Lrj r.' ulr r.:,. b J:L r,
',t.J"-1ili- ,r-, ,J i_-,*...r,u.-r .gr; 4_2 2 ;,1>l-_; f* t*J tL. ,fJ tt--/+ .)t- t-/ F :.:_, a-l t uiLt J.ttsa -*J- .1, t1 .,-F r, .r F + ,& ,*r+ o.r,a> a!. ,F_, ,*,
.;-l r:aa; YL
1 (\) .gto"_;lJ c* .:r[, { 6oy b p J). r(i_ I 6111
..t-* .:t_ fU <S'r, .-r,_J p .2: ,;*l ,-,,.i yL r, ..S ,tr (y)
,-K-' ;) ;l .61; 6treV 2:;:*t 6,1,;lJ (\) o,!b ,,.:*l
.f py J\t d,_.,t t qJ ,e tay;1., _;r ; | "-1,)lji
(\)gk .gla..Ll, \ .-+,., jU ,jj L ,r.L:. L;,r .,r .eJL_ r-;Meaning) c#>J dg! J s-U.rtjl. ,\), s!)l 4. :clsta J Lr, .\ y
, ( \ l fV JL .J6--: ) (and Necessity: A Study in Semantic and Modet Logic
.\1t, s* &- l.. \iOt .l,r, rL.ig_.:t ! ,,+- r,t:
?Y\ rl;l irlzl .; c!r.; .YY
A 'j G: &_;rlyrr la',['i iUJ, t !# .l5i 1l ,1 .c;br.Uy.,rr *-;i :.r*.2 -r-al; .tK:--t 1 .p coU -,- Jl}ri .r)ticj.c
"51;1, til2 2: 1) Lil .2r .,.:".a; b j 6*t cJ.c or.l r:,.1r;
6l;-a';r-rv'; e, 6rl o l_2 .S- tu a.-.a, .u- ^ $l! .-r-=.t+l B r,A e_V + 6-,j;l;i t, L;y 'LL o,lerl-ul .2r ,rf 1:tlo. l.,s + sJ.r .,+l.;.!- I l-o.rL; i.U, .3sl;4 f._" ia;i J-* .t: s uJu.s ,-;. { b.J:ij d,il jl ,F_e ,!3 ;l;4 6 c,.l
" ,;- -r: .!rr ..rl+j i o,_l Lt .rL
.rUr .;*l ,;t nit*t rt) O,-l ,,-L.at 6,,,-l t .,.:* L+ JrL4; I 03.^t r,,, r,rl .r; Ul ij le .lrri ,15 + j I ef c^--J c;r
-.1-r
,-,o; _)+ l r^rc,l -l;;f S 6l,* ,d u;jllr* ,C.l+
D .s-av ..-:19 r5 ,-+ lr; i",r ;.22, s: ,;V1;: .-Lt:;:- I
.rl5 { , , "r,r,. e-t l_ B,l uo *, .&.t CiUJ --Llr,.)r)(,
Ol-:- tl \ <r2t i)12 >;y .2: l:(.i U-l *J ,.[i; ,, !^t ,k+ .,b .2EL ;11;.: ,:*l uaV t * ,y ); t. l;lKi;; b c*r.2: L r5 c:*l *r.r:, ;L::, i )U-!L O,_ I .j* I ir.drtli dI.S + ,,fg.rLj r, .r[l+ J5 .JL ;l ulS 7rL-h u-l .,J +-t^. .-rii U_ -;j3.,r l; s;lr^ile j ]i€# .J.l-., ;i+, )+/, t, si (J-)'l,y d c-t ;,; prK.,. jt<. i9. t*- d ,,jk+ .,ji JL 7r ,"-h ut oJJl .t;1" ,-lr ; l1 ;l1i ul ,-.-r- KJq .ik+ g,-l 1.r .91.;j
; ;r,_ I - sl.r, e:-r l.t j;,,_l r5 -ul! ,S:" -t:^il !k* ,rlr rt tU.$ r ,:k+ t),_l S uS blrc. - f,J oLr o\y JrJ rt t;
.:;l: ,.h* rJ-.,h;L i..;-:, .<L ,& ,*t g;jlj;L !rl;1,
YY J-;r & ...>
rljT 6ilrl
..l.rt'. g=i ai '"';...,. ,r, t-o,; 19 n;tx- ,rlc .,;LiLr 1 rrc-llcrru;lr;.rb -* tr, .plS * Ft t\4.r".{". t l: tei
,r'L; .rlr g-i : :J.-::..i: .rl:,,-r. lr- e-u, bi dJ i, l5.t;;S O ,t.a; 1., ;k+ .,lr, rl --L C*ll ezl
B l5.1l 5. ,o*;; B ,.:"+r A e-6 r* ot)12 6L- .; t)l)-r+t B + A )l ,* C?Ur
jl .,.:a:* L:-, ..;.1.> )U o r.3 do Cr-'- lr-.t"-t ,F+ .{-l- cstt at-\.6V Jl .r-\l+. -r. ! yl A ;;3 al;u; .,.:* I {ir J.2 t-l ,9 j.2 s uSo-l*lJ t ;*t J; -51 6- ,)r) J1 "*V 19 2',rJ al .-u ;,,-l
B t A j?l +l:. r-b I .f-U .rJ 6L;*l L jl )l ,rV ,j:le;\ !;-;, ej U"- a1 .r5 -r.-:;L )c ,s\rr,,,r,; dS Cb6 L;irl .c* I .-u; B ej,o A
^S ;;K j;o; e )\ ):rJ,./
,, iu ,1;,r, ..:*l .:l :; i el,- ,-9lrl, ,=* t )st.r+-, lJ,s f--' ,..-z:. l, ,F_ oli.r t-l ,rJ ,r+ ,h.. l_t ,.,-', )s:
tYY rl;l irl.;l -e cjr4 .lY
Grt) )-lt ;L .91;l: t:*l ,p_r2 ,,5 C ,St - { d .rQ+ r,. r \ )l::*l
-;rlF-" s lV--l, g.r e - {rr t; s" 6 1.1 u^>r"re &; ;r o)L':l _I, .+U- .:J e:.)/,; ;tr; u. tfu))l ,r-Y.tL; & Lr ;l.e+ ;.ri_i e .r-j5 ./* -51 G-,-rlll irl;l t' "l.l;,r-_[a rqL-:rlr .t3ii ,.r,r.r". d".- ,]t{+r r+- rFl
"91;l: L af {rr -* Ll ..'31,r.. .r-}61 621.:.i-
;l J* nt ^+i L-; ,.Sla,il1 J^ gl2 _.1t ,1r& yr-- g:lirr!, * l(.t jl J+ .r-- :)*c. o.!!r J*t jl .r:i l.r. .;tL-l ji1'j'J ,59+ ,r,-L-.. i.,-r^. nr[il; 1 .6i+l .'lj ul-r! r:-!
.-5; ; eL'-i .i,..> ,.p 4J -nK; .- .t
\ lt t=t :" {,.r -* "*,P-,* JY-u-l at-l a ;r';1.;r r5 i*l,s-h crx- + *; 5- ";u.,V;l &52d;k-b i,_t r G1*" c=Jrt ; ,s)* sl c#li d?lL ,^*rlr
-rVl ,s-K-', )r- \!f ar*.rF fu1, J.-; (.u-; o-Li o-r.rl . -
tSC 11rb + d--*.r-,-,..4-1.o 2:15 rJ ,.::.r.lrJ ).! .i*l. '. rf, a:-; l.: k"u I, e"), aj Lb trr. r(Jq ,--+ ,-.,[ ;L;l .-ul o! .rnY L-, d-* jl
f b J,., :.2 e,. cil:1
dit, i-" , G5 ,rI JL ,r,- ) ",LS 7; s:;tr e*r ;r
Freedom") <orl-ll 6:tlir ilti- )r ,o- ,\3I, , n:- r,_l i;L-l: .!-L .,..r .\LV L-; (Knowtedge and Society) q,L' J Jjh jltu )r at . ( 'ot the wi,JlL ar,l a:ilj, .:;,r. ;L_,"-\-,-y_,.ri ( \ lfA J)ri ) fl g .KJ t)
(Paul l\rarhenke) ,s-IrL J," L_rt Lt rJj l,.I- IUJ .)ttrjj ,_,.,_rl; ..,L,,.r--t- -\,b 1.l .J,L _r,J-' -t* rS L;t-1, .J' .Jlo J-' .A? lrtuz ,-Ft.t" ij. ,L-l JU- a,,l ,L5ljl LIj r5.(MoritzSchtick) dlJ-J
.;:*rl ,9 fi ;t_,;L ;-iS ",-<-!
lU. aS rr;i:- ,.j*l ;-L,
i ir,' J c^:J, fYY
,S ,rlc ;*l Ltrt+ dl)b p-.:,.lt' c! f<. ,roW ,:L-y ;:J,Lr r, .JIr.r, ,s -t )+ l, ;i p*.L\; .e ;UUlra ;51
.2r l; u-.:i ly .r:+ ..-*l ;-;t* 4*\S eJ,_r*, .,$ ,l ,r5'_r
.'fil ;l;; cr* l:, u-l l, :l;-...l s--Yl.;'l LUI S tlo,u.-a\; .r,;V g;l1b eJ -u- Jl,, ,:ls ,-; eo a/_l+ ,6rru.a;-::- ;.,lL,-91.,71,
'Ui^i.r ,s -&.t ,fV.5tgJ 'Ki ,ut
.-, lr l.' .:.3 r+ J | + -5 rl ;'! L- I t_ .9;Li r; U,{ rt.rl:..--n
c.r.r eL- Jfu I F-, i.5Q-{r,-.'|ii. .Kji.ut u-Y pvok- .rLl ar.ib' )l .s.2. ,51 '*rr ar!- €V;YL:'|,.-*l c*;r g_l ";er.l .r--i .lrLa ;-e.-* I ,-u[ ;':1L..- I
,.t+; I ;r5t, .,( .r+51 pai.4 | d_,.- ,sl"l.rir", ,,51 "5
\, $)t) cLJ-o ai -r, -r;i:*. ,rGJ .*t;l lg; .-r;r--L.r- ,.-u;
:zsrt l_; .-e e-l 5*;,,L' tl g .c;5 -u lr; j! --x+-tl ;i-rr t) aS te. .t'- .*-lt' Jrl .rk;r q9.2 ..-j b.r^;
J-;r ;"1-. tl t_l .r; ;rl- )r, ;sr,l L- .-*l .r;ir. J,-i;.t L- .)S s.
ilr- 1.. FK- ,* ,. ,)-ro iJ. - {--ij g_rL; r, rJto<- Jl* J-" ,+ )l -\;1t6,;L;l U_l .e*l t-; rl;l ;_,1_,1
c*l .911r -,!i; | .9.'lrT \,s:,.-,6,<!_l t :$_J<, l) s<,_
;r,- l ;,a.,,1lrr1 ,l: ' 4r,l r )t-,L a.ol;.; L;_ | -1r !.r:{*4 r*,r-Ll ;t-rl ! ,-'u.;L '-"-; ;r. ): * c."-.
g.r ,JJ-* -Sl n-F,.r J d-,: ;!rr" Lqi-t) -b.rl ! ..,.
)l trtt.rtj,. ! J.:rr"j iJo l,z- l) Jl dJ--.,1*){5,J* 4*o &J .-9-'r,l 1.,.sJ"\ -*z;l ,ot,r,- !,li!l.r- q+l u v .h 1 .tf i..--,-- ,* t )r JL-ol , J;- t
rYA rl;i irlrl 3 ;1,.; .YY
.*L- g-r, \, .g.l- -2 ja-- re- .l-eJr .l; J7t + 6 +l.,,
dl ,. ^ OrJ. )S dr.l jl J+ Ll .1'-* rr ! 1..' .s., b 1J,-r.l, .+r.h, J,_l !tl.-U, 2 t.r Jt.- ..,,.i -ro l; rJ)tc 1.9,
d,*lt )l Lf J t t*)) )'2.;"* ;\;v .. .5 qJi )l 1,,5,.1
.pl, ,;t(i ,rt' ' 'lts,:l:-.r !I .tS ualt a |t'
. ,.i , r r r
--.^-.a) ).> .)lrl o)l rl tr , C tf- r
,,I.h.;l ,LtL ,l aS r,S .bJ
e; !d*l rK 4-l t z rra- 1l c.K
\ a42 2 at.t ,t(':t llt t' 'j o
\1921 ;;S dr-l 1 rt)r -,1 -..-- L-ir, :t-1u. 69 )l ,53V*--rr" t-;tq; K--l "p;l
jX'l 6;Vi i.-ey+ .'J ql
n!r;.ei r;le r-rr )Y..r9-; r, .r-r.'l=; ;l,s -t!i el*f uS .oat 6.! d)) :-L!).,, ,:lr -*ttaS ;*l;o d,.,l+ r p.liilc ,F C! I dr .)rr! d,. {
n.---l ore d-Li #, kJ .r-l .,.+L ;r;S +
.,:- .!:*l ,K;L ,-1'J j,-p t ii- ,r,. g,-l ,lri ;rlll
di- l) r"l a-l ,r92 ,.,-a., )l .P Gi !;!;r 1! -'l'l/$l Jlr:\s; ),ta ,t; ,;j.*".--.-S \ \ sl .r-l ;li;.. ,S tJu,l, s-l 6l;o, ,-*r. V..-* l l:;) Fi + ,!.1 \ ,st 3 ;-;3,s;S ss-s r, ,J 2l>11 l; 2l uTsY $l* d.S r, 6 .r.1b ,L.-l
;-'..L ;l .-, U J"" J'-l Jl Ul .,ur pL;l -,:'t-li rt*e-6. "al;rr.t-(i ,-r*t ,, Lx;11; 61\i \ ,2V. 2 ;t3zJ r-.r-'
- l;L ,St -4 .r:Jl .c*l *f ,,)^s il:l;i ,92 'S.5 .:*; ,.,1 2;l- ,.1 ,.,,1 Ll ..:-l .rr, ,r-!:' tt.t tl ) ,--: i-v-L
irl; -,1;:;l j--l Jl .r-js, .r., Ltrt;i -,Lj*.! I -.21,.;-..--a
cir.; j c.1b lYt
&t-+ .\. rs 1.1 ;:ra2 Ll '11-r; '*t trS d,*+ 4l).r.-- .r5 r--l-.. o.ru,-l , u-;t3 2, 1.2 .5lr.*il9 ,,r .r,l;,r. (c;b6 $ Vl:::*l ,rlr; ,J-! .!r1,.--,r+ 6j L-Jl,; o'-l Jlt d?*-t+, d+U .rri.,, J* ot- + )* b ,it-;l drtli
.$rUi. )l.15 -i: r, .r\+l
tl .n_-5. .h t' J)- 1r 1.2 ;1,r.;; a!- r.l ,11 €t tslt
Jd 4 ,. e .# .lLl b )l F-),.g.;ly-: Ll .tS 2lti' 'sl;g
;! .r.-l, pl-,..; I -r--r l.e,-,r. r5 ,.91t5 1$l .>l l.t ,Ss of J..U
Vl litst L; jl cr )i .11.' ,-*t -x; & -;l--' I Ll ':;b.r... lj ,ri +!l; ,.:* I ;,5- I ". .-r,-.r1, d*) )r rgi ;i-r L;ue.,; 6r- * 1.2 I ;it t 2K. lt;L;-.' ,51 Ll .l-ra -,15
l.; L; .,..or ;Llj .,;;L t 1.., ;L:-,Kl -t:) + t gEJy ,s$-"e1.I; Jrr lr",;;ir .pl.f ,!,); q 1t,v- 4r lr-,. a5i-l ;14
,S rVl ,6"* )J.\'!, !tl;!. r.: .t-l .l-, I "' r.; l b,.,r A-F at.S
,f- Le 1l;l ! ,-- l_r,.r ,-S ,-g-t.gL.. r, ..:-i c*l-.2 3rv- l-2 6, J--" oat) :JU:J.-9 ..tl-* + J.-{j ril- 6-C*
..r:5.e1lf 1!jl +
"s\Ji.; :"rr: { .d.r:- ! lrrL.-l -iL; JK.il o,l JL;).a ,gl;l:;L;l r5;b,r. .+-l;
^*rt^. t.oJ .2t.- Cl,
,;-* 4 J,r; ).L; s, A o4\i) r 19.:*l ,91*a;-;-
e9)st .t-r\ 6! ,-r lr:Y l.tl, ,tI ;l ;a 'i-;^ r' i-1,1; 6i ,.r1,
, .spez; ,-b *. 9r ,sV::--):. ;l ,J d- S 1F,./ )'t:-lUi ;l uza .rJS.r' lJ+l l, i[ rbi,.,ti.er ;l -9-" 6. J*
"t-r. a, ;rcr 6" ;l ..:*l +.tl .h t: y'tl ;*2t ii){l ,-.11'.
,9e "S sl:u, Jj- e.| ,IL ,rr-U,& ,;,,_.r.Jle ..u-[
"k+ r, .rb & .rl,rl':ut b a5 r2[ G.- Aq -bij l{Jt.i o,_l
.91,l.r .,L{- .>15 ",...-),: bls, tf e.r=+ l; ol.-a,L g,l
.{-yt frp a1 -,1;L J-l a5 j-+ p:l* .;* r .rb -trLlU* AV ;-t* e.r,,r;> .+iL_ c-^-..-" jr: ,;d-.; ,rl(; I t_
;L::- l .5-3 6\ &;,,_l ..:*l ,l,r-t & rl ,.911_1 ;L.1r,trrio ;.t 4 .rLJl o4;; el,- d .rG ^-*l ,9rrr:,rr c9-,!+l Jt .t;.1 Jq- .,l.c .Sl^):.:-,i) )l .4 g;.e .,L:;ljl
"--i U 9a"; ;rVt, .,<; ,.-,E;; I Jl u;-_,*\; ,S
rl;i .g;L=l l1 ;T d ; .,' .,-. ,. .r!, ,-u:L ,.9ri c..-a.;g;e -,G:; I .,..-.j" ,r,r I ;*--ai*; 8;*l e*r.r U_l .ClFLl.rj*,r, L:;; J+ ;V:. L-_t ,; L.; ! 4_l I :r*o,tf : e-.- 12 2l ,92 ;, ^- : p"-&. S !*.; !^*r ).l ,rl*1, e-t* ,!l* --*,, <;L-ll ',)t: j* ..,r1i .1-r. 1 .r.?
H.: I d612l: o-111.2L1 cI- c*l o<-. r1l )*.5t .L_-r- u2.1\-2l .9e;-..L 3 dS ul;u.:s! .r-.2 6J* rL* JLL;_ I ;r rqL-lr i; l.e Ll .c*l .r-5 -ir+ +J,_.7t5,-rl + t s-+- l-:
r | .-;L: .rr:: ,.g:Vrj te- u. JL* | e5 ,s s.st ,:S + t: ui )l;,1 .,.:*:;l5L J-. tjUf .r t^.-r- ,.J l.:, ,;,:.6;2r;t 1.2
L.il ;.' .A-5 D j )tir r-"-4, t ,i+:- ,1; )- ;121 JVs u4* e 6:l;1 1!,i-t e J-.G L;
^S '3- u. C). g;-r-- jI- 6, I
dr-:l.,' L+5 -u:....o .g.rl.cr"c ;le_, ;YL ;l ;i; aS tL."l
lr ,!1.r I .i ilJc il*e:.j + Gur ,,:V
tYV rl;l rsl.2l e cj,,.r .lY
-rr C--Ic )-*t at+.|a \at* J d )\.' I
.tJ o-* jo,
{ &.r:.rL;l
o,l
-t!..
.J--'' J i-Jt fl,
,.b ,Jt c:1,_ ,9-r, ..;l ,<- r.d c,:.r:l l, ;; i.;Lt )l rjlisr K-L ..:"-.; cs '* 6, -<; + UlTl S)jlt" u_t -yo rlji s,EJl d^*t 05.. o., eo t .ul 1,J,-*Jt .e:*t ,s -3-t t J-;' z* 4 ..s*.c' c--,--. rl i;"i .-Lru; I
.*l g<- )r4 ."5 .r:r.i:" ir lF lr .,iL;- JL-c I JIrc,,;:..* +,5t-- Q,B;l ;,-;.rL,r"- I.,_.1.1i
"f"r. n, ,r,t_ul
;.,-:ly ;l r5 4b.,, jn ,s_;te.-i .,;1, O(- :. fr".,L.2: ri k, .+ lr" rJl ..5.r, Jlt l_, aV.:Jr- 6;jy_ii,?-rr d:->S ..,r&'- , t c,VS Jl.; .; ..1 fri,. JU=t6-2112 ,sl-c ,!S ;tc)tll .c*l .;rl..a , -:.o r"l a,,,1 ,a;l-r,
c:^;./_rj.,,, 6 JL; ol 'l ..--+ rrj-) )) Jt ,r-,;-l Ll :'u( .'t6 .sQ**.r...., tlte .*rr r.oB .r-)t yy L ,pl: 5; ,.1 O.+ J* .+r.1lr 5-.1 ,l-. _;.r;L;l;Yt'-.-l ,6!
'4g. + c-_r* gr.11 .;rL ;l )-r- ,,t-_i
Jl-:-l eii r*11 -r,_! r-J.:U;r i.ilrlji r5.:.t ,.g 12 Ll .;*lSl.-l .S-..+ o<-;15;,,,-l :a.a;* l_,,;L-L[;l -;lc;- ,r]./-l.6J ira+ .rr{ ..u! J:-. r. ,lk+ ,_rlr rL;U } jK .j.};2:V I uS .;;U ;!;- i,t - .i rL|* ('],' J.jr..a .rr |tg! -ll cr+
L:- .,r),L;l 4j-,tlr J., ,il,_ +b" +'
.2.r_2lr
(ta
lfl rl;i irlzl .e;i,;.YY
rr>l-.2i .-Li;lr, ;jle .gLi- ,---J/u , .r(J .r-Ji;, ;,- r .r,K! ,rrr.'- ..'....-.- ., Li*i; I b.J e^ I .,?E:jl
o:- 2: )l .,(- t; q ,- \ e-S ..r--r .e ,rrrLo,-
;lil ,4 jti L.e ,,tr^- u_l Jl;.::Kt,i;-Jrt t_ )t 4. jWV rt#l J+ jr juuil6- .-",,r rU_; ,ro | .:-r+.,,r ! lg * Lr;- JL > &.,lil i^L J,l o,_l Ll ,'J Jn; dq? d,:+ 1r ;t; ; .l
,tS u. ;tlr;' rL: l, ,i uSt-, ..r;54 rL-; l, >l;i -,1;;1It u!:* u,"t .tr- u^ ;.19,- dULrl jlrr e:.ch- b-rf
.,F ok-- r, K; t l .+. o-4 t grl., rUiil d6:ttu,_l ;s .s_2 e,- u. ,si r +: tS rf 5r 6'-tV 2..- ;t V
,9t b;. ^S SV
et!L-"I j ljc
,L*.1 -.rlL ;l;L I # JL.-f .i ;-V JL;|;J<*.; )9,:-. +;lr" ,l_t sr:e J};l rU) ,,1 4l .gu^ Je>
,.*13 2l ,';*l ;,<- S .r,J:6' ,9tr$21 :2r. ;, u,l 2 uS u,.,l;';;l1r Lo-u1, g,- l d l".;i t .c*l .;rLo.-u:;L :3,-3. jL;l.-r.Js, dLrl \- 6t+Ujjl \ uS*\to .*, t-r- ,lji U
tSt-f- JY-r*l ,r,-- ) )*6.;JtJt4 L -,EJl \r ,f-.rb,i.i\;l rlll irlll 1o-..1 !i<-l *l' bli rr. )r
u{-X5 uI_} drr drLr ,,r4:t J$) & ," ,r. -b +
6LJl-, 4 ! "-,-r,
p-;tf e\-t: t-,Lr.-: p;lf L-p ; '-..r-;-- l-r" .+
.2r .-r.:.il,r, tl ,y_1 J_|-Ga s:" Jt s ,*t
uL-.( ,L- ,;lJ..r 2_ -tr J
I L .r-.1 b ;l(-l ;2r,o
irt) o?, .rLj 26 ;.>
'-iJ,i"J 4b fYA
,=;L rl .;l u2-o: ,:l;l vLiil ,rK t* + )t irs-A, J-.r uild- g;l--ro4.,r 4l* g:,.::,* r, .;rU ,S e;t;gS:15 0. i-r.i.c r, .'ur,r. git S: e5 c*l .gl,rLr. .-B;l,4-)K.sy Lt )l G- ,a** s YL, fxL., ..'lri.,L;;l 6-
.:2lr; l9-3
.rl{-4+ e( slu;6 1* i"-)u ;l .grl.u ,r;-l cskJL _,,
,.:*2r ).15 g,-l .rrrr:-lL a:; L .-!i; SF 9:.-' I C*l.p:-.,lt' "x+ ,r,- ,+ ,d-1" $ d- o.Y L,l; c.-,- 6r[_; ;,,_ I 6l(.1 Ll .r9 .loLi
,_1., U _Jri.. 4,A,_ 4. -'?- r;l;G^
2r )i .r1*: ;l;-l at-, ]E o,_l ;r jL;l ;[..^-; rJ c*;, ,F 4- 4,;. o. '1.21
;t:ty jS rlu eg .ri: t+; ,gl 9-1 ,:1,-
..il-.2, e5 ..:*l 5t?t U,-,K.1 ;,,1 .tj rf -tyo'gFj JLdl
.tL;, ,aL+* ,F-;, .EkrtK.-, r5l ;l ,+ jLrl r+K)lJ tU- + eL- + >12 pi;:lJ "i{+
dI_ ,S .*:l :3n5" u-Ytl.lj O,- I .5 r.2l.l r1.-..1 O,-l Jk-l Ll .r1*l;5i;.u:, ..r.rLi
.-u;! ;L;l u j ,*o tU 6L.n
Jt ;*t ,r.-d u"J JL-,: o5 '_-5. k-l: t; ;L*;l
.re..l oro[. i*16 eie u.L_ _.7, ,1.,-
.ulF .,JrL-,- ;li ;Lr r, ,Lr ;i rr
;1-7t le jdi gLj.';.;r pL f ,r jl t (Henry Margenau) jtU st .lJlr[-:;;l) (open Vistas: Phrlosophical Perspectives of Modern Science)jr li
lL { ,.1L5.rr cl[ l.rr =U
.9".. ,)Vl ).1 O.l { (\1P\ J"- .K.slr
,.1- ,1rt+a;-"; ,ar-r.J:; (t10V,r*rr.l) (Philosophyof Science) lJt..$r.r, tlzl ' !:J l-;.L;- -il;, .ul;t .rtel:'
le Ci ,,L;: 61 1rrl.i
D-L:; )t*J I F--.4, DN I
,Q,.t_t. -'--rq q
,;1.-rcli9
f+i, ..ra
'- i;+ : col' if'
L; 3 tSo.; ;;.r!+.r, el;l l.141 ,s .,ul or)st
cl bt .r. ;L;l J1l JL 1:1 nt)'s. \r:.t "!){5 4-jJ(i t' 6t-l u. )*€ J.a2 a-1.u d-* L; S $n u!s;iJrf*. rr dl{-L-)" J-.',U;L- tS i, ,, t -5. AV +,g-,_L; ;Ll JL r, -,r -1, .r.2lrd ,rDE I -,lJ_,, ,l;l ,..,L; I
sr+.,.?" Jt:-I ,l 6lr-._2r ! d! .c-i U .,' lJ ui.lLe l
-r4 g;lo-uLi .LU;L- g+ pFlf d,,li r, 6. pts .tSo.
,* f* 3* ur-.:-;l-u ,.r3,r. ..7[-a sL;l S J:.'-(k 7v $ n j s; 6l-;1.5 ;t1; r; .2r .0.2! t4r! ;l c*lef lr;l.r ,,_l ,p, or.-o + *6d tt_l .r.l.ji: pFlt' cl: K.
.p! .r-,,1, ,l,i ;rlrl A:.,- r "[.: el -il &.,,, o:-- ls
r5 -r-;.21: >2-1 19|r+i,.,-r; d" ii-Xj e .;lr: -i b Ll .; b,r.-
U .F -h trr r.,-tt b Ytt JIL 1r::-..a -ilU.. rL; {jblr."J _t;
t.. -r -LsF utg
L|-b f''ti'o
.t
Yf J-s lt*-F
t-6;.U; o.$Li;
+ co iL- ^+.t ,p-J, t ,:yl;,.rq:+ F*- u-;^g;l 6-
,5: 4_l 6lr, +Jl) c*t ,sk elc t 6.n, als g),L-.1
dl:t .t* g.: lre (.)ls trt lV J* rly oL)tt-l ;rao-r-oLi;.r ijlr .i:*.r, +-i; ,r,; .-l-r.oLi t, t+- aJ -r::-..r,
.,uL- "|,
U .,;l:-.- AS ,j.;rr. .9)tt I .r,-b.-r,_-r,, I Jl rrj-r.lo.urLl i2L.2.r ,.c. -* elC $ ,:.K 6l;u^ gr_lr, b e .u.-r
.c ws.9[-o.rl9 ,l.u-:.; b .9 a,r-X .rb,_9-;l-r.:.1 -r,_! !.:,_l -2r
.;l5 1 ;1U:. dil.l'.:* + lr (jr:j oJrLl;.rrr nj.r,; o.$L::,.)
.gr.e-r.,- ,.9b- .-912b <j-u ..uL:-r ,.ir-J.i ,*-,g\ .s1u.
.;>t-L t <,'r5, J ((d-;r)) ,n.r,i, .r3,- ,solr +..;19 6,_l .,.:* |
)l .ty€.:iL_1: ,-!- L .i 5 -u;...,r o-ale> la--l .t3- u,.F tlt;-, *E t.41:616-2 1xo. ilt al ,;l3--.:r p.;iJ ol,;ltl sl;u^ yj;- e o,L 'L*;
,91,*:; r 3 ,-*l
WO l{ijJ'.ij lJrLr. J lr{,-/ii .Yf
3r,. 6 c.*l ,*s.t .b.sd e* t\-:., -i:-.* ;-rak-
4s: r t d-'.r :./ y; ,La- L:: .t-l ,r .1 l;,.,-^; ,'4jrS .p;6,1-t- r5 c*l c,aL .;--J=; .c*t 6j,;l..t J"L;S Ul .;-l;-u ..r.rk- t*2u. .;:r( r .;L-l j,! ;l;lel ,.91*o L-l .r_1*,r. l, 6u; ,9lt- ;,.alu .:*" ;l el 6 uS4- ! ,.s., ;te 3 n_je i-r- 6t-^<,.;-, !c*l ;-ur .-rrLii.;...-. t, i* bT .s,-/ ,K; a* + Jr-- =-S*:f --si; + GtFl -"-$-tJ;- 4 et 5+ .rir Ll .r5,r. '-uL:.urL _,p 1.2 ..,! ,j1,_ lr rl ,{5 Fr l.r5 .r,_tc:l 6*.a .r; l;,r, .-r5 .l5ilr t tts-. o-r.aLL l_2 Ji .- ii-i- ,+.:.r :,1.- ;r-sa5,.9l:'- t b Wlr; .$1;. .i/i L r.."_LL.2r ;l-rf,_;;; lg;.u ..r-oL:. c::. 6)t t; ,JL 1r r.r-,, Ll .-r,5,r.
A .it |)2.-- t'-\ lr;r,l .; .l ,lrJr,rL; ia;.i.:;l!"-lo-uLi;
Ay n--S-. -b t r:lrrr l.; s-r':-rb U-'i-+ ,r,-..,Uj
3 tts s. rr t+I )i s,.a,,i -h ,* I, J.; o,_ I .il*-1l;yn1 cJ-y;r,_l;l S rr l.r.; ,.-o,rIJr ei;.r.1";,,:.-l) oUrS'
J-l.; e5 ,r-::.",o ,r-:J lj ,cr g;*-l + ,,-t r+, cils! L-r.rs ,.rnL: i-;:- olr L-r ! rJsr;.r.31,o.;ljl, ,:,.: lrr.r_l ..,li.;l ,;6.-r;l,.glalll .f,Ur, 6 ,.:* I ;r'_l 6,1, alL-al ;,,1 ..u; lr;.r..1 ,.- l-r-rLi ;.t.;: o)lr F:-., e-_tJ l{!l r5
..rL .'i.f d#lt ,J"L- kr- I c-+,- olj li .r.:.-r t*_f ,;tlJl,S l; 6l
"y' d;1, r(J,, ,.rr:..1L.r. (<ru--r t+i lj i-arl .lujl.,)
c;l..rL l-, :;r;- -t* G.-fr' rY
g:- t: r:.il, ,.Ll;
\1W 4 L2r. ,*ll tj,-srt J) ru*a -L ,g j,rl,Jl S.V
,sh eW r drAi lJlri fff
lt t;t \Y/d 5;2 L_:lf-:;L r.-...2.r A. ..-,; lr- )ti .ir-J.i dI
.r...- .:Jlzrl ! " li.-r- lrl'{iJ O,_l ,ra ,.l b,r; ;.r'.;; .-r.oL:-
.r:...! jri "-u[.. ta:,_ | .9e.' 7 e l.ri_;.r .:!- qgly .f ii L_.2r
t-r- ..;J.rl.r;l 1.2 ta'i ,rl;.,,.51.)L ,rUl .;r; ir4 t". .sr1,i2lr- i1_2t .1__:lKu.:ilt ,st.t { b.t: "'ll;n I l1 ,;;r_J/iS--y Ll .r1*;.r. nJ ,;lsl ,),A:,)y 4_ !;d- lr + -r*r .t b .c*.1 ;-u: ,.uLi; ..1rSL aI_ p*t ---.+" tl . , 6r3,;ltl s) \aal 2: ,1r- ,61;91
"f-U .'l.rL 't.; ;Ji., + d c.kiJ Ll .c*l ir*-*.3L 4 !,it-;.-.5 t;,4_eLS + J-b - r ^,ej";lsl"!lF ;r: ,,r--oL- - d- .l=t -L_ ! ,-,, nlr"l _r."1 , L
.J,t;,rot ;tl--n ;i; /S r-S u>l;sl ;*l O(- .rr-l+o-r,--ol " l.r 6lL.p ,j--, U <+ .:';d .-Li ili-.-L. rls.. t 6t;, kt 6,t-ll-r- eL_ I 6j-rl C,rS.rsg.-raL;.rL_r.1 ..,.r^: 6.::*l & O,,_l .,- ,-\ 6/Y jtL 192.2
.s-i,rr -bl,'.;.| ; I j-L: .-r,oli r5...;i _rl dJr, ..,r-;lL'- .l
o,_ I Ll .c*.1 ,.:*rr;r,_l e5 -u:.r, g*t ;|.lf--rr,.rLil L.2 .rL .,L;i 6 j,;lsl ir:-: .j.....; ..\..'.!- o[+6j,;ltl I ;.ri d ,-:'l.r dl rr !r-r,_), ;l;; d i*.1,s l-2 ;i -u-! .y-lrrE .t-tsla ,.k,1 .rL--* ;-r: jl j1i.:
..1291 .-L.- o, lg.ur .-rnLio.uL;l ijle oS + 3 .:-+ O?l ,* 2 ,.1",- L:_l ;.>
:121 ).o;- L-' .t1o. rti I jt+. , c*, ir* *. l; <;*dLr.1,; + : ,'J Lt J- t-*.r...- ,-l.uLi L ef 1l.r
tW l#.r;.; !$Lj, r LraJ-lii .YY
l) Ji .t<iT n* lpf a-:U .;, -r! UrL Xt uj ;t2.
-;l,r- ....; r, .,1.r5,i .55 .:lil orL ,;i L .,1;;.e lx;.u.-r.o Li dr.,i.llr*_? ;Uel ,r.ot( ..r,-J; ;.r^: ..r"L;j;
"t -1 ;l 4lK,j.,js t-$L;_rl r ta:-r.l; .uL;,r^tKi, aS .r",,:tt ,l! c+N ,3u .,,L; [- .4La; Julc ,",gla,'312 y ! .Ki,,r.,i5 t rlr c=,5 6i 6j,;Li;1,_el, l1
,Lr* .r L; : u,--;; ,j-l;;, L c3 Jl .n1, :S s r.!U i.,;" . ..,L .t(-:-", 4- Lt aS .uJ -*-- ,<-..-Ja*jS;.,) .c*l .:*> -,1.' 6la.!l-e 4 "\<.ti..r,-l .gf"rlslc.-,-.- u!eS*2 f Vr e <A-135*2 J-> ,g\-t,;le )l 64ie a5 L- rrer5Lr' t tv -fu)t + l2 la.jle ;,-l ,;2r,1 l+i t l jj#.r.
.(.r;1.,J .tJ,..;l; e n_Vi ,).--.lg .2: d ;*l ,g.t,e_2 ,n.2; $ ,:),-
,t+L-.. ,Al et cL; L ,f rr Jrso eLJ,rUler;i*;r* ;t;; ,s;lal 6r L .c* l ,r;.22 $ ,!,-c--l.,
"LG ;t l*. 4 .r* ;L- 'qJ .S,r ,.n Ji i,.!:; r.j}+ 6 5L-;:
;-u:-; ,.uLi r ,5, -ui oraL:- \ ,srl. ,_b a,)i,l 2 6- ^.1
,t-'lr- f'S-_ ! 't.o+, qr_ t c^;S J;,r .,j,; u. o:2.;6 to-uL; a, tLtt sb ,,lp cS blt6. .rtr- ,-& + J:u--l :jj" ;,1 2r .r::-.-r 'l,n:,, 6 ,lL^ qj,-l UU , qo*+. l; tt6p;;l;r alt-l o" .t lrcr ;;19 $ | 419,":a+ 8 ry;.r.:l:, oi i." J.L- E pun rs L.,.s je:) p*ftil- t l- r:...r ,'1*L aJ ai- I ,l br- It lX;u; ..uL:- rl
''j, ,'a--.-oU- ,grb OLr )tj oS ,};b .a5 .-*.1 u*1r ;,1
, < lij -..rLi. . .. lu ..-jl i fft
.i)[;l ,.l ,el o-rl" .-v, U-l rl i,n;t(;,11r' 4t t rq-,rS 6' t1d.,*a t l-r d;; ,L-r; .,-u; I ')2liu,,.r-r Jr.i b.
.gQ,l.rlll L r:. "rlr .c*l .'r;U ;r,l;l 6,f-_,.5L;i i;oLi ;rU ..:t Jfu t l, Ui t -Srrt+. \s-Y 6q^E );-J+ J,^i _.2.t SrrLLr .J;:-.a 6r. )4r c,l l:, ,L" $l .r;b.r.
.-+- r oJ, ..raLi "gla5U utl: g.bi ,slt .rlC Ul ,fS
.t,.1-tul tS 11 .-r:,_ I .r,i .-r.rL:; 6li9 ,r,1s t;t ,o.V€ ,s-b ,?l:s l, 3Li a5 ,7e: 7e ;alg sl1;,ol; l, iai .,Gel ,;15 .!:*l 6 , .: l+
f lJ. Jt ,r, a)Lol
,!! =-L ul L;-- <tu:erin -r,_[ .-i.: lr,,i.r, sel]il L_ 6-]cr: ly +L i9'.2.>1 ,:.2tli s' +_l c* i_t-- af c*l ;,,_ I 271, ,.,:+i21" e o'2 ,-r.y 6l+j Jl ,e...o.,rti" 4 Ll .c*l .rful: ;;K ;t;n +J ,e.rz- c-l .,,;l! rrb ,r.;q d ;+L-,,:5rL-; ; l; .LiJ r '; l: ,S-h JiU ,4 .;*l ;.ri ,9t-diU dl,_ jl ,t-*l f-.' (__t )l aG,;\., J-U l5 -bt "J .,:t t a(!lX^;rr ,.uLi a ,Sh "rG 4 .rt".;l.9 .tr!,"r./ )* ,l -*t4l 4t 1-r ; l.r5'_14 et lA* A .*r,r; , t; ,r .*l"t.i;L;r -u-...a -{lt q4l .,,J ;l;;t .rr; .uLl _\;lr;6" ,6
er-l(l ; l-r.-- ,;e-2.ra.,;2r3l ,r,t,.151. ,J-.* rl 9b*t;L;.rlrl +-, .)L !ri^.*; 1 bltrf E ,* , .12
.eJt
,l a5 6*! ,qlr c*r _;' 3.22 ,l-,1 I GSI- Jlr:" Jl.sLr. ;l-u" lr JI jl..r(,_j.; ,d, _*"- F-" '^t;1 & 4.;lr;l l, ;l .r: l;,r. sgl.rL .lK-.',.rLJ a, 3r-,i;O;t-;d-J -F ;i-, t ;K- .iLti r.' ,t.r:. c,trp Jl Ut .,;-
ffC qJtj o.reL:r e lre,-fij .YY
14.:j o/-l ..) +€ ,s -9-t ,t^i .t, "l L .9 ;.j* .ski_t .ri
+,r-l ;*,r L ., ,,.. o;lr- 4i ,uo {-,Kt 3 trod*,ri't+l b ,-5 u-tt; D j6,-,rL .r_l e5.ur,r. ..2L1 L
,L;;l A;# cr: l:, +Li \Sl,_t:; + ..t;t; o. L-;. o,,1r !i-A .).,t .;-.5 Jli u,^ l) <...o1-r,,L i.r, ,,* e tr...;ljr i..rn
.c*l j.[ .# ,s5-' ;t { 2.e .r';.-. .gl.rL oLr..',- [i-l,t.;13,. f.2s.rJ" '!lf .t;...., ti; d,1lt q!-l i"l JL ,t +
,s* ,,.s-.r.,.I 1t+l) J;i.-a sj!: ".u[.. c,*, rly ,$l
,qL*. 1 .rL ,:l"t\ J* :,-,-llr- L.2.r rL-rjl r2-r.'7.2r ,(-r'.L
.sgn s;J ,;lsl.rLi-r I ,.rir-, ul a Ltt ,sh a9,l; ..il,_' .a-_[L )rkJ-{L rlri, o--b + * .c,*l irL.- d,,:li .i. ;,,;l .2: Q.1.5(L
,S +.,-t eLlri),{, f:;,r, Le.7 ;2lr-,t(:^ ..1- -tt ,,1.,
6lu--h.u-! t+!-l -r' .{,,r e-*a tx;-u; o-uLi.1l ,+-r
b
,fl ,*l-* 6l-2: 2"> ':.or- t I * 'lL ,fl L-k - d u*6 c*.1 c*2, U-l .it- o)t ,)t\;r- rle ,"+U. L$j1 .2:
L.1" .ttJ + q. .,rlr, +tt t J-b r,,"b ! .sJ- r+b .r-l
.lyLL-.,11 t l r5.,, .r-,r .rl; ,;-*^ .* l" €,- JrJ .-L!,tJ u-:t: {q 5;tlt ,-rlri -,L-r .L4; e5 c*l rL-; ;.fii
dlr' S &t 's*, d',li { r}L, ,sk U|*..r.r .-r,oLi.6 lr s:5tj ,J. -t, br5,:l- .-r.- le 6WI; +'l*Gi |1" c;l o.r.rJ .-uL:. r;r 6 lr (JJU t *t(s €i! o.u ;,,_1.u ,r.r' ,ylt A-b O3,l;,+L:- gl,:; +.8,1.tL,r.. g<- lr cgr_-r+ ,J. F cill et-'-
.l t.tt:'u. g-i
.c4 JUlj ,t
a). pW e 6P ;19 ttA
,tS 'L-r- a:*)) Jli; l) (jJ.j-; o.uLir I <j..rd o.uk.n
6,-l ;1f.; ',lr* J- .,2r Ll .r;.,7 L 2lS La; \^- .A._.2' 47i--r .11.r-; tt-at L,)); J ,4* J [-"i-' I a5 .;l rL_..; .;-ri; I 1>
L.r,.r p+- ,rVi * Ltt d,ii l,.. )\;- 6 l.2l: J-,*i ab l;i-.r"r
,[_, ,.r;i ;K tl:,; Lil -,r .r.u-.-a Gr+ c::ly til\K ;)r;jlJ-;l r' JLr r Lhi eL_ i.:e-r....,r ;^;sJ ';l;.;l.gig:."J r5 ,.j* I
;,5- l; .-gl.rL : ;;-. ,g, j ";lt I L- $Lcr" cat I 3t" ;lS
.rlr r-- ;,1ty ..J<* + bliLl It ls-j,;lsl 6,1 ,-f.aL.-r;;L
"rqJ-$L juJ, + Ltr. o4l9 ,S -u,,5 Jrp t+Ut-"? i".!
6 -r;2lr 2t5 s r ,J-6$s s { ! dlt ;,-l .-u-..r S.b v-l:.r-.,L.r- g(- l2 a*:- 2 ,:V 6la-j ,;ll I ,2 .r(; -,L..-,;
p) Ll ..r::-..r 4F a*lt )l j,-F *Jl .s,.[i; o*l:,;rllji ,5t-.tt J-V sA dl9 S yS !.;' 1..2 r:5; ;,,-l d.-.1
oiU ..jJ". * ;jL-- "lS-_;i . r,- ,: l4l e t G ).,
u-- ^-r- ,.r5.r, "uL; b ;-:t g_li2 ,l ;t s.t-2o"
6- .Srr .;L,.ai c_l ii-l f*-.,' dI- ! l, rJ- cr-l t )t;./t\S l.: ,,sd 6=;l3J c-r eL_ -r; lr,r. ;;Sl el I >j* .2 3,.a, ;-*lJ* + rs;1rt u,l;'*l ,; rAl ,rr-ej ;raL; !.r 111'r(1 e
.r.i".--J J*1r til .r-J 6h AiU eL- o1 e "1ele5 ; I .-u;:, .r^tj- +:( ,rS ,* ei:t .)L.Si-l .9111
;-t ;i r*,-l ,l s". .:2; u. L .,' grb .-,-2lr- 1lK:" ,-i ^i.,
! .rrr.,, L *.- ;rb .blr- lK:^ + u-l g-$c ) p+)€l*. ,"-l ,rr. ..2t Lii 2 r.;,tr.. ;3,8 U-l J^e ', t- r5;-l r3,-3
.t-fl .e*.:-l ;iU r;;L ^?i..:*l j.'L, reB o=:,ri
W\ qijJJ ..DLr 3 b{.;ij .W
s\ F ,) *. d.tlr !l ::l ,u fu.{n:1t--,:J ua;*,.'if € o: .j-r L .2; l jr'l S .r"l .l*. ,,;tl ;.21r- Lt ,,1
4i,t2rzu it* t t{riU jl tt S '9-,,t* }V r, c*.1 ,.rY..r_-'j)El ,g-,r tS + r+.. t-b r, l-l <cJUn \lt Jl .rS,s...,..,.-
,-;tb ,-F t atl.> gbi tl t rs-b ) c.-*' dl' ;E fu.)y€
,c^;3 j;4:rJ .i:t ul;u. t)1 l-, ak ,eltSi r* t t d ,Stti t* ,S j,I* t -;4. .gt-ro,l, L:; -u-Ll
af\ sb6iU e*(.f:-r sh ;*lt \ 4* ,,:lt s
b .s-,L-.* ,g\qS 2 .;.2t ,3;- U..;,1 ..u.; J:S ) L.-l
c,::l:, ! l, Vi t e--,,1g;r-r';. .91{ Lr a--. r- ,-5.r. "-uL:;t t C .-uLL l2 l"r.t Cr-l ;ri 7 Ll .C.S .n*t 4*l, J,(t nl* S p-tsp ,el,L;: + Jt t\ -,,qi1) a+
j,L ; l-r.rL; )'a.; "lts " Jl nJ -fL, ;;le .-5 .-roL-
Jt ,-\ 6 "o
rri 7 ..-.,|-uLi r.^-- #, U-l \ )r;d.,-b 1., ,.--1 .-l5 -J; l, J-$t ,g\l,:,;e_, L-); eJ,_ ll;.r-r(Jc qrSU F"--- J<- + 4,'-h 4_l .';ei c*.r,,., -r,_L g;f_,
;l 15 .91,*; * t'bri ;r,,1 ,K\ ."r* u^ aU +J d- ul* +
)l)i up-6i :-2r' ,c*l d )., btl; cI-;_Lrl .,Li .tlJ .uc*l:9 ..,'-l s:s-,:r ,P Gn' btv -sr *j ,-y-l 2l .:ju'.tfu. )S rl_Lri .:."; lxJU ;.u1,:- ! ,F +-r 4 ,t7.-t .r11'tj .r. F r r:j-E y.r tJ. )l uoE e* g.,lr, -r,-t-
.r-"U ,l ,rrj t.-ti t9l-t I A-* ;*lC g,,_l s+ !-Lr) .-t-! Li
.rr-i;1 .;L* ait;- .rtr4;6,.; l; ri- I ;t )ir- (sl,tt aF-lsLi I ef .r.::--r !rr,_r+ d;lt l+-l e(.!_l L-.r; L:.!l'Jt
,s-b ,+l,li" 2 ,grL; ;;l; vt.
,,r.r, ,rtlt c-L_ 1 r9 ,r.lK.u Jla- 2 t-12 ..5t+jU rt rrL L,b
4F c*lc ;ju, tls &- s&l .:L-.2: 4*u. orb ,......,-
g,_l ...r;,lr ,s4 ,s-h JtU +:. ,s_flt d. y 4 tV_ e t-12.Jd',s^ rJL p-/-
"r* L; els.t .s, l.>.-r"o ,-l.tL- ;l 6_,-l
S,.f or1.," l: ,s-h utl" 4 o! ..j ot;|, * 6l; u, .:fua:ot t-lt .9q;5U ;-\aLL ! a*, rrU ,:J"_:.:Jl.u .r*ri:"f,U
..l.uL; "lt rs- Sk ,ril" 4 *y cSlt LI .,3;.r.
,sb orlr.;.r ozLil >;j, ,-, bF uri ..,r.;i ,|-' 1 .g le...,_L.
. r..- ^ ;, "; 5[Jta )l 6_r) 6 l) JIL +! ,1. ;r,_t o-t2.tt E,,=tS L)l :" rJ jf; ,n--t.22\ rr5Un i11.1 i.r!;, #s3a ,,.:*l .:"-u I ;L "_112 4-l u4 _,l.( t _,. ..rUl.;ri tL_,I1.2 <tu; 14' Slir L_ (5U)) ,;l ''.. .:[ Vr-t O.ni )l .;t,llrrr d-p t*1, l2 sUi 6,. 3 o-f ,.st",r$ L jrl;ndUn ;,,- l x.-r( n \a;lS-_;rt )l ,s)l- i .s2.o, 16 +ltU ,4 ,j,-l 4. o, .,:*l , /.\ ,f zr., ,gVJ A c*lu!; ;jf A:rt r...uLi oLls g.4r.t ), b* ,i;€-r,l+ r"--+ .4- x Jl ,t bU) j , x 7 ,91 J1r :c*l J^j..t{-;l ,-zn .tt-*l . /.\ ,t .2: x i;'z 6UJ ,t<i ._u;t: .r.-I prl 6;U ,tsttlr Lt. .:l;;U e, c*l o<, "r Jl ,.. ":1.)
d+li ^t -rJ dl.:,l sl.',-r t+.Jt ._r.__6 cSV E ,*6,_l r, 1lr c.[i .r_l .r5.,. ,4.5 kJU .r_l e?, \ Gbil l.e Ll ..url." e+bt b l*-SU c_- O"lri S O. :L+lt
';12 g-l u. )t;.r. ot1 .2lS 4 -;,);;- L4er r, L;l <d^'ti)eL1 I '^;
-,lr l1 lx;i blt rr. 6 ,oa,:r , "r: ,,fkjU t
fff qJJgL; lJrLi, r lra{/ .Yf
1. Perihelion 0S Gj o+, c.r; JL, +J+ L_-h "t-
irUl.;ri ;;jl
,tb "+U, t ,t); ;;l-t; lll
ri-; d;li o,,_t +-L- .1t- 2 _1t .stl;;J rtt +L- ,_r.;.:,._r+..r.::.-,r .5rb gt tr ,i F":- + +L- +U. +
,ftU 4 rl .:u-ll.r :c*l g,_LJ O-t_t -r,_[ .ri 1.,7 .glc*, -r-r ri Srr (:t L-o;t(,.51.; .l+r ,-"U L o.nu-h i jl 1., ,jr-li d...1 UFL 43" 2: 6lu-)a; 6*,--+
e *l..sl:.;rL1 a\; o,"V-;;l c*l 6,(- "--b,t"1 .; l.-u: ;r-2.t;l_;61uf tV-t. L--b Srr j;_f st K! ,5 e'-.- t
+-51 .-S o:L .9-r- b l, ..u1, 4;tL ;# lii.r J-".a. ,;--f -S--' --b rl ..r^r! r-; ,f,U .9;L.rL 41 r5 c--o,-!--{::3 l-. + J* ,;*+ + -,+;. 3,:I,_ras rr +. L_-k
.-r-r.r, CLj:- I ,sr_r? G, f.. c*ll ,ri ;l .S ':e ,9l,,_);;,-+ L--E e-L_ ,l-r- r !:, 1..7 ,-,1; -.r.; i,_Jb Oi\:j.!-l Jl .;*l-2r lJ o..r,; ,{-;U- i.+lt )l \j-b. L;n .S tJu. b.* V_:
tsjl css L--b -'-5rr.,L lJ l+l g;.r- L-..r,-Lt t-c-J./ct..ulL u..:; l: iilid.4).ajl 6=.7 ;,,,_l
Lltl + I ,; Cl;;-l It e -*. .,:lc 7l;l ;12.1"1 ,l r5.r,5
-t!_; I c97U ,.r l-r;j I o:L- oli oLo + .$! r+r cr+ l;p .r- |
i6t &'./ g>;1., l9l rS.9lr-rl 4:: s ** t+I co..r..:; a-; [:^; c*l ars- DJ; GL:a ,-elrt ,l-l ;l uZa .:*.1! d l; .g-r,-.q GF dly Ut-."-* | -r.; lr.r, a,rra,L Ll ,ruLc'+t .rl Jt .t;U;,(- ,.r::..." .r-u" ,,.:L- .r1+ .rq-j._Lji
'F ,ylg G* G"","-,h 6 ;i3 j;a 4i ,4. ,3,rr,
4d iril, a c-,ra L-T .'t 6-5-' t* al-.* 4l.i.1,* \ r_! I.r s:: "il 6,,_l ..:*l i+ l.- a,5.". l_r d{+i .s* oiU + ,.u:L 6rLa "--b Jt )jS Lt--" I d"ji$-r^:; .,raLi u: \bt )l ,e G: .i*. ,-t.r+. r;U .uJrt_.a
eL.S r ^ri r.,7 b r5.-..1 6,_l ;15.1 ,r5l ,r_I,r ! ,-tSu.;.,-.oj-rU .rl Jl .tS ;t^;.t l: ,t -d ,.r,"J;,I ;re grLo te .lL;i
u_t-.:l C}, ;l $ gl9.:U-.,1 ;-u.5 &&.,j'.rr L c*lu--b tr ,91, o..i':- + i, +.-U gtrttr- ,-u +_L- c r+,: c 1 j*.Jl .s-! \ 4* JiU 4 .r-'L .c.,.1 ,r,,r,
| *.\f ;,,_ I .;.1 orj-j r:;.L; ,!6 ,_$+ )* "y,g,PV ;K ul;u. 4* dl, 1y .;.: Ll .d:-+ ,jlL : 'lS Jt4rl .91+,_ji Yr.-. .+5 ;rsr. J;.sb+-b ,t *u- Jt ,;*l f:L.-rL ,sh Jtu.il- .p-L- ..:-l .g;Jr- +'r; .f
.:*.r r r,r.L; ;l t;c;, o. ra; C* lr, +L- .r_-r! ,l l+- Ort'*-l.r
b o,_l l-l ..:*lr;121 ,-u;; ru;L: G* elt g-i al .2t
,-r,-r+ i-F .lK.-.',i, ,', "rb r:1,_ Jl .c;t, ucS 4_:.:l r_\
'Kri ,r.5 *-* uJ Cl-'- .l jl;i' .r{.r+ j-rU enl ji jl ^5:
&W ,-t z. d#lt i., ica--- J:t^. 'UL gt, ;: u-): u,-l
,.st tir;- ,41r...r,_-g -,q J.r | ,.sb 6 r; ,a,.:,, 6.t -.t-'e.bt \ .s2;.12- ,..12Q ; .y, 't.71 ,.91i': l e :.1tlc or;/a)l J:. 6E .+; L_);,5 -urb 6L:; L+:+.fu 6,1 .:b,r,
.glr-r.L: glr;r 6,-l .u*l .f_s ;Elt;Lr .s! -b-+ z* 4
jl ..r)' + .c*l dili 04 r)>r: ,,t_\_) 612l: ,6,9 '*
3.2; ur.1-l ll,r5 c-l g;-t-.t-
ah ew 2 ''eP;;l'j ttt
.;'Jh E rj,rL o-r^l' ri;|; d;li ,f Lrnele ar-S *s -t:
"+-El2 U L'" r-rL; ;,"-l
'# +-'U l, Ui tr+.,- 43 ^' 3l;u'Yf J".;
,-*Qrt ..i1.1-u..r
ir-.; J" J-i .5tb'jlr : ,.sk ,r:l9 i-21-2r d..,*, + -r,-! .-,:51
* 6b ,yle )l c,;. d;li.t ,# u_l .d n2l 61.J.-U aA J-;U .rt- rS L-i ;l .c-l ,uL_f'rL .r;4.r,
'-uL:- ,.5Lr.1le c.* brti.jl_ d JL-,r .,: .l .9}; ,5to.;1.1
.c*l g<- 1 ,;- - )sl )l o.:' E-V:;-l uj at 2: l2 ;l;t j-ltc.:S ;L e$t bt + # t*.,S .r-l ,4 cslt;6 a- .rUr(t i_21.2: 6p dlt elre r\ dst ,s1,,
p-..' r-11 .9qJ-5L rl.r.,- i-ri5 J.ae .t'-\ ,tlg ,t-l .g.rr eil-21
r-rz; 4$ o.rL 617 ..r-uL ,; t J$L co- ,;K ,!'_
,:'s- jl-:.-l g_jr.rl .r"_t+ t L+ .,J1 oe. lll ,9\>SeS ,-\ t*J-6L ,rr-r,, :25...2r l; -fl-t lSt t4 .Q,; c.--.S €n,rS ,4lr4lt ty'rSL; ,r,-g- ,S Wi ;l .'J\.s;Su. :23,,.2.4 + rA lodr6 o,_l ,- . ,5r; ,tVl-F
f fV ulterl c,l-,,;-r .lf
6;l oJ.V I c-.1 ., L:, ji< .'I- (d*l ;-u:; .-uLiL-p 2' l; ;-ul "-uL:- a\- s'*) ;l rr.;t .glaJjSL .;r,+
,/:-_ j& '.iaL; d- + ,1, U-5L G;::- 6)il r- ,J-SL
,r) Li a-\ ;l ,s.\^ "2\J -Sl .tsc ft ;6 ;;\,. '^+t'
,.5 qf -, o-raL:" i,-;L;r Jh il*;l $ *.:; .-rrL;
.-,:; lr.r .iE- 6t{-L a, l-.2 ;l;e:.-r ar,- l ,-4ld- l-)U
Wi I ;L+1-, ) ," 1;€ rr.rlFrl ;lre-lr Qi-l e, ;,"
.r'r-r,.Licrr S:tS It tij I J-J .-t ,:',: t t-i "t,rl'-o
;l-,-r;rL l) jL-)t-ol .:-, .tL. j' .91,'rl2 ,;t;r;'.t;,-l J L;i ,l;Li errl ,S + ,Srt L, -{';Lyt-l a;;1 e!;l .glel.;
..,*f(r - d\j 3.b:i,.1->{i ;rr.;6 a, L r;1.: d-q, .'!+
.t( .-*i( t 3:"; ":.-- (cheval)) .s*lj \l: G-;l;r;r 1l ,Slnt s-+- rS ,;".2 dl .(*l)nhorsel u-- +S gL_L;j .y,,r. rl5 I Q+rj .-rlL:r { $ -uL; .-i,rL; Lttl 6,lt
61 .rL-r;..o[ ,)c +.Loe.r-l ! Jr l--.:- r] ]"L ;r'-l ^'
sS u ,-t;;: -t-l L s^z- glr' l; u j r-S--:r, ;;l-e -*J ..2r ,,- I
,, 1; ;l1r;-r ,,- I a5 1lr ,a) et-) grl ;U-el .r.nK
r5 !L;: ,C ",1
.r,J; .ri^ul: i-v 4;ls. Alt-*: tl*Ay A1* lL /" (Percy W Bridgman) alztt .t ..r:. t\ ,,. t=-< 72:t.;\ ,r-;t :1 1 Lr:-p r (\1YY irli) (The Logic Modern Physics)
(Physics: The Elements) cf::., fl.j, lL ^, (l,lorman. R Campbell) el-.J
Structure) fJ, rLi;L lL t .i L;< r, JFU --*;)l .(\11. ,er-J)
-l)t-, !-_l .;L1, \.0 L 1Y -l-; ;: (\12\ ,:l;,_31) (or Science
.t:*t "; r- ,rrv)
s)- pw t,tli dlt YW
d l { rl j.-.6 Ll ,.1b ;e.-3 ,S:f 711 >;eLr, ',.21.p u:2ljtqJ-$t t -- f.lirr-,5 L;i,l .,s-r/ Ltt 3tt f4\,l -l \, ^; - -Lr- J Lrl..o,- .-t 6 .J,.r. -f j .C o-L!L; r,
3 r-\, .F. )- ,, tll)- ..,2 rlL *;-: ':lL;*| 4r-l St;-. - J_ I,
t- t+-;-p ,L{.1 j.--.ll S.r "-,rt 6t$ t ,Jt<l-l;.:l,$ ^r;J tr:. ujle 4 ! -_1"- 1r n( r::...r ;L--r.-
U,sh ,.rlt .ySu. ,;t-t,l<l .i.L:-- r" ;e5l Ll
.J;lr 1|5 s yL;;-+ Gi c--ir.J ,qJ-sL 1V., \ ir^.-;S d n,-. , ,tyG ,c*\c (_r ,a-l ;l ,,11;o. t)+ ,t-ltV,fl* l-.K ;rlr- !r, ,rL'i -b ;- ,:.,l* al; ;l,sP ar:l-f l:iS ;-..^>..e ,tSu".t* ;K a-l ;l ^S ;'z Ul'"l,,*.-a F-r+--.* ;-t L a5 r--;i .-u lqgrL; ,-gl"o";le ,J.t t.i.i
..::S o ;,,"--"a ;t; .,uLl .gto.;l.e rl r5 r.u-..rl '4 ele;*l 6;ttr+.
:f VU;*l 6);J,l
e ;1'r:-:-; lr r9 c- lx,-r.
;-r 1 -t.i lo-:r,, u1 ,-'\13*:
!.L1 ! ,,-+\n er5Jl ;Ly A,_ J6 ,gt,5t JL ur-
.aI 3, +. ,s;t. ,KI,-ulL r-e.-3. .r.al.'1.2 ji orl " ;4q:-l , ()j-.\s.
',.'- lor l: LI; ;-ul;i-2r, ,7- tt1 st J--t 3l;3;
,.tlt\ t '.;e e;J 1bl .;ly'l;l;
J:Z
;l rglact^-," ;41;l;rr, .-*l .r-:;
.laL- ;* r, ,_1,
L;.-uLi .r;e; aJ .{ I
uL L*, 3) ;rlr-+--Il 6-r ,-r !i- t
.t l -
rqj *:^.- j)'{,
,!'i.
ff 1 s.blrl ol-.,-P-r 'YY
.ra r+, nLl J+ a-L-;t .r-5r tl , tlr\t'.;- -1b .9;l1r
..irL- .gLr"rle ,-^.--J E ;l ,s.r ,).- i-* '=^:t e-l +)r.) )*r-) c-"_l .tti. ;.r .,-1,.r5 d-il)l ,r+s" lttl L;*;.4 :;le tS -b ,,5t",;lt u- ' ;!r 14- Gt: l.r* rii:.. a5 >;l.r
Ll .r5 i-; L;l .gl-o4l.e .:.L5 a, l; Q+l ':*!;rU -r,-L ,.r5,r.
n(,,Jdb ai e..; .-*.: -,, s!l; ep .c-+ O<- rti O.,l
,;1 ..,1 t5r,-to' ,tatu. .,5 t3S { J* dI- )l ,S t-:-' .,lK.,r+;"_L C*r* g \ ,+f ,lr c--?KJl e[ j;L- ,r- .-r5 dl;l1.'1 a-+t .1_,4 ,rb ;L; ,$- 4 ! ; lr-,.r ,c--r ,.r- s;*r ;: ";fJl cL_;l ,g r'_t a, Ll.r;.r, .-r"L- .,f*ef-! .r- t*- t a- 1 ,;*l ,urC ;lorLi p.-&.6t;g t ...-.tS u-S e -r-._r l, ;i ;l';.r- "sf,
,4i.s.;*, . ;i -J,rL!l.ey r+ ,1F1 f.6. 3 c*l ;.,,1 ,J- $ ,t-r-p.i- C-- .l;;L ;*' JK- J,-l .r-:rr .;."Li .2U.' a5;*r .r(- 15
,,-toE ,V.:,gtr't I J ra. r'r- l, # r..,'r.rr ..r,i .b + k5 ,..(, JJ'-:(.J1 ,2r^;llrl( r** tly'lrz .rS .;u.; ,*-ll{-- lr JrFl_2Li1 .;.1 ;:U .rlr<,-jj ,,1 c*l".-l --t.91-r.r12
"f-L:, b .r: l_r, .r_l r .r:5 e--r- ,S-b C*ly "! !
u3l2 ,;1;SJl L-i ,* 4:, "1.,:"
1l la-_ I ..u," .5rl1-r .r.2rKJ I eL- Jl ):5,,r" j:--- ,t: ,lr=" { ;*; ger5Jl
:9; u^ :L_,1 ,eV ,5\ '9r; ,r, ;\ e..s- - ,-u;! .,JL 6l ,;lt*,, )L; s;rl: , 9 .c I ;-u; .-uL- ;.er5Jl -, L- ,,; U-L,rtt \., Jl jlis. dl*. ;-r"aLi ! oi ,rrL! .,.. y c-L_ "7i:;eL5 e, l; sA 6- eL_ a5 r;l-s "rs epl; gr .11.r; ,rr5lr '- ;.;- .t-l *-! .rl-rE ."5 i.F 3!: .-uL:-. .1l.6,;lr
cs-b pt;. ) 6)) .;l'., YlA
bl-r'u. 5t It a ,L rr l.2 cJ,_ .c*l u,S--.c t ; .t: a-t!
y'K +J uS i-r-;-ur; ,"uLi Jtr.rl, 1 tS;l t r-lrJt)t; .r:;.r i-r- S-h.gl,oely eL5 { s;.u: .-uL; eL_ ;UrlJt-J.el;l ;l I :J ir;.el,rL;trr * ; l;.r. l; rrs.oi,r
,lj e rLj5 e.V sA i.? q_-l ,dl,_ f _t; 6(J<iJs JS-
"f*Si ;l;j ,l ,r-f 4;,t lx; l ;i rl uL_ rn, u,6 rt
Z)lt )l l.) ;Ll rL:- j;u, ,SrL irta._jle .rJ 4 ,t:;cSy ,.1 Jl .r-(l .5 Jr-- ..2r .# ;t, ;pi 3 -Li .-raL;
.!--...j
,-tU ;1,-.r n;...,.,.- 'L;i^t, ;2r57ln aS Jlr- at-l +
;l ,1 ;r-_ I bf ,r '< r+nlr j! LL- o,l o, l-o-i- .Jlq; I .l:-.t.r. JI ' . " ilr ;l r.iL-X a.;;.-.o aJ c*l ,r, tal l;*,rrrJl-,-rr a<r;1n;l sV.2 L; +_5, q,i ! ,jl{,., _u.a lr.-,,,cgtr.jl., d-lJ t lr ki_ l jlrs--)j Jl ..:** (JjiJ-,) I <a,i,L;
6 ; rL:-, ';K sl; 2 4* u. tali, I -J:i ,-i.ar g-i tSbct-l G'- +-&. Jt".. nlj I dr. I rolr.r e. -*: brl,l ;l ,r a5 t--,, rl ,tV .; *_l=; ;Url ,rrt( n.; .* Lr.;l.,
ufu jjlr :J--, \s. i -i-i .-ur,r, ;i- .:lr a-J )lfl-LA+ Jlj- 6,_ | r, ,r:^.1.r .:l:r ,.*::; ,*r, Jr^ l_1- e .,u:.; ;r.jl ,_r! l- ,Slt ,--;....o ot ,.r,_lt\ r- n,!;......-,.- tt 7..n 6
<.rL.r, ,rrL ;3 .;rS ,j.ErL ,lrl ejrta-b + Jlt- tr- 6\,-^--:,76 , .coE; l; L;l .,,.>
L*:. :J.--- I ! d e:- ,,i'_)L- rU-lF -r,_L; .c*l .-u;
:l + tltu.,r--.- # );lt ;,jS Jt .t:; ls.t r:j li,r.;p-Ir t Stt ,sW-S 6 c:*l u-Lo olr- lU J+ ,t&
ro\ sbv:l:rl.|p: \?
i-;i; rl p )f ,s,b el",;l: t9l1 e;lf7 ;l^'-a.jr. f*V (Jc ,rrt .r,r- pe. 4 6) t-bt ;-*,ri J.t
.rrr i-* e. )a. |ri d_ d*1 1 cJ,_ 2 15 ,3a
lt ,r..r. p-+U- ll di- d.r,-l ;La-2 6)L.l ;' G;t;$ i_4 .rl...c ;l;;-r eL5 ,, .rsi5 ;;l-ll a, ; l;,r.r.) S.r ((at-7 , ;:rLt))rl ;-2,.- 9Jsl6$,-lr .;*l ,.r LL-1r IZUoRDNUNGS DE FlNl TIoNEN nJ,g V\ .,l" ,+Ui -rui
.J ; I .+ {L .(.;rrr L, e t .r.-- zuoRDNEN .',ui.J'; ,-L * U .-*l ;rl.r LVrl ;:+.;L317 ;l;3;*, ;l5 .,;.**y J-l "Kr-, ,5 r5.r, ;L:;r!U aL;i- l1 ,n-r:.,r;., L.;*l .91.-uL; L::- C _y-:. J,- I .l5!-) ;rJ,,o -r,_rr L-u,o
ic -r^--l ,;ly u" -:l Ul + l, a.|-o 1 L- ,'l;,.r-Ll "..o\L,r-=:- ! ,r-_t ; L . -,-=.1; ,,UK ;J-..-",, _e r,l; +c ,^--u .r,liJl
eU- );L- 3 g-* A-rt <!.r, r rr.Lii r ; j- .r,_L; I "9\.n.;1.2
-')+ C*:- J,,l . i<;") ;' .;-*\ ):;-' l.o";l.e ,tl J:*l-J.t )S 4 c)'-2 :t l,; uta ui: Ll .11.-u; ,-.; I'o
'-, l-9 6rl
).:- 'j Le.r^ F--..e .-1k= ^' ,9r1 dJ r, 1; ta.;l.e 6,- I -r,-L
g;b-* L- )L; ,, ,y ;;l L-t ^-v LrL; ^S ;'K ulr;u,+ r2 o,u:,.-i J* .g\^;)t).5:,t .5tt .-!y*.', orr.: eL! .,-- .J
.9lt ;lzrr-: -r---1,. a-.-o, L.; u: x; ,rr- 6-* .9 b '-r,--r,-
.c--! ,,c^:; l.' L\l al ,g;lSa
"5rtjK.L :V l;r..Jt .*-rt ..1.1j;: 4-l rl ,5;- l
.5 [- t e_ r"K ",I .-.4,_J", lJ l{jl:65 }tt-t r-L .c*l
p+L )l ,jr\S a* r:ltrr- Lt, L .;t-; -L-rl-',- l-6.i- I ,-r.51
,tt Ll rJ 4il)l c.*J 1.l rt-i* t .tL;l L nJa.,;.r .r--ur
csla 4ti', ) 6)) .ilt YO.
l-, .l-! '.r--rL; .gi,o1le Li il -t_.,l-i nf f:5 J-:t, lr[-ir.tj , .st; ,s.h ,sl",;l: 61r,. ,_tle ge
,L-"+,_-, l^. )l O-:ilt jl .rl._,! l5 ; .l . *;r g,_ I
cS-r- U .rL.+,_.,1 ar. -k ". .r:.5,,r. n,.r1"+ i_1;t 2l ,:-.^-o
-Sl Zr=- )l r+ "-l,r? a, l;;-l;.:*r ,l o_r? ,)r. +_r
1^l^ , 41 Jrt,;l.i(--ra 4- 2l .tr1u.1l5 ,e !.; l.rf-_ra
J*;l Jt ,1,.u- 1\S n, ggrl,c !r; a, l; .,12_;*r eJ c :1rr./
t) tl ,tl r c*:lJ .,,_L I J:**;,..'..- Jl5-:l LfJ o-sE JA rl .rL_;r .rlo6, e.b, l; 2l ;|2':-:;rra _rS 1) px; eL- k- t.,t q-;K .1.,.r, e+t aQ-t r5 -u; .rL:,|
i-; ,,t ..r.;rlr )r+) fr+b *+ 4 ,1-tl$ ja ,L_r1 _,-r.;
)l J."t ,-r- 's_t,.:t 1S t ;:J 4 ,9 j ";lL;l 6lr, 6 u-Y6j,;tst stt ./b jrl .15 qji jr .r5"r as ;_J ;l.p:rlr .r;L; e^L .u ., !_,r jl ,.-r-, ,,' I :27e. ,i2 al'ap& uL- rl L; ;l.i(ra ei i;l ,I5 G-\ .Slt Gr- u_l.,,! ;l$,.e r, rii,r, , L+,__, Ll .tS u. ;=-.- ,,jt ,.,L_t+
,g j';l'l;l i;*; el, L-; uL ,, 3 lr.r_,!.-r -rt - ,i.rSt
.-;1 ., -1*_,r 4. $r-,r/ -+p
-Sl i ^ ttt., 6': -iL; ;[, fr r, ! L.i_ I -,r L|-t .jt ;.:l-t+.''r.;
"..nU- ,it-4 l; Sl4rf e*. El; i*
6,t rl;*l o,_t r-L:.,--rl .r_116 ;\S p,4o 4 3 t r-!r.rlr ..11r;, ..,f ,f+r .r! -i,_! ,r e .b ,*l-* > I,t py-l; ,9 );; 6la,;12 i5 -r..u--.,r .r! !--r l -,lr.r;: c,. 3}!- I ,, ;Lao'- I tr,it)l i-* ,o ,.":j ,r-l ! .-r,r. L.t ,lr+ islatlr I.Jl ,r, .;;lK .,VS {! _,.:*l }-. -;_* , };. _ rsrL ;.:l:
f0f .,lltrl ;!2.;-r.lf
.-;L lrr {{r-rcr) lL ,--t drl + .f:5 i,-r'; ui'L- ,96,;12
Jl L l J .:*i riY 6.,t .rlb *S C-r- i- /; jb-- ih,.{ )}t npJ, , uu,L }J;l ,;b'r; o-uL- e 0 r-rc g-
J'i.f i ;k- ! .rlnl"l, -ujL 3 l,b ,iL- ,.sr1;Ln lr,;tt
t Lh,,-f*:. J,.l ,\<*'.,p1-1 ;r ;U1l ,-r.nl3.r::-;L'h: ,l--a^ct-a- ,- -b :l c...'...a 9U l-r,;L-; .,3;.r, .l l1'-
;;ly l3i_l ;, .rSu..r'iLj-l L-9. t ,V-;U Lk ,V'J,K---, .,I- + ) )t)s/ -,l5 + ,, -L- >f.S .rt.r-. ,. rrr,-p,
a-a"r -r,! ..';l-r; "L.oJ
I jq+ 1.trK 3 Srr JY-:,r.-Lt*l;r:-- \.j )-K o,-);n Lrl2;1 "rL*l ,-b e-l S g-;L- ,tE I,dl; tk t;) Lk J=: ;l ,s,+'.-eb"--! .. "'dll
.)l) dl ;J .9rt a-;l L-Jo. e ,geK:\l; 1),u-l-1 ,9\a+-); .li;L 4rJ D .r, rbt J.- I "i<.*) .'I-
- .F:>:",_J.-l .9L1Ie .r-J s.;s:.1.;.1! ;kq rl -ulr;s t) .bVtl.-l;;*r .:L5a, r,-!lr - .-rt J (o[a) ,rrr.,fiJl))
ts; Ley j! 6-,31;. g; l-6 ' -i,--r,* a, \-o.;19 ;,- I A tj ,--
.:* I "f"151
, "^* .K"*, af L;T;l .;*l "f,6U
Ltlt ,n; u-t
-2, .rllK ,! -i,-q ,,r-r L; I ulV1l ;\t*t 6;; r, -r,-L l; ;l ;.>
eJ ;tt- cL.y 4:N rr l;..-o d -*1 ,5;a i \-a ar,l Clr4 ,Sr ! .5 ,etr+;r .,).i! I et_ rl L;_l -,2r g. ,Jl .c-lprr!, <1 ,16rr-
",^-- ,tr1t,u. 4; ',, -ra )-\5 'jp
n\-t .$rr 7:t I,t 'ry.tl""--l aS ;*l ;i-ts ,-,1-;LF r .tL.-"){5 el :rK. .-rf .e*l 4r Lt; ,rt;2 of
e_,8 4w ) sp; 6ql9 rdt
k+l ,.r)r { ..r'u.; J*; ;!,_r- J. 6h,,-u; .,r-5 6i+;.j;_Wc J-rt gl-,l, L;. .{*,ti^ r) .ril"; .)L a('lq ,rr--,: t:!
" l;,.r- l-, -rlr',-l ,l eL-..r .c*l .4-- 'Ui.lL 1 i .l
.1lil ef c*l "!r 6,- l r, ; *:;-r .rb eL;; ;.-J ;r .5lo-r,-_i,-
,s -k L* a..otc. ;l ,r-15 r2-r-- .91:^. L. , \r[., jL-p ,)1,..*l .;rL"
' d* .9F -9r.ro [ ,rr. 2r 71 6,1 .rlr dl;l
k-:l I e,.r g=j tt .i*l G.'rs r+L,-r-l rr.r?1L-)) i-r..(l
-,t.1-6 l.,L:ti;,rir 6L;_lr J;1 ,.r^- t_ (,-& .,,rL;,,
\l*; * r,L- o,_ I ;lLrr ir; I Ln ,'.1 ,r^ rr- .s Lrc;,
.rl.-i,l; .r!l;r l ;l.,.i, l1 ein"91a;2ri l,t 6b d* (!gtaj:?) F' Ay ., J4.3rp,rl,-t;,, a5 c*l ._r_' k,i ,J- .B.l F o-L-,;l $_l Lt ,Jr!1, vI o-L, dtr, !;1y,.,. ^S
tJtr.t';VL,,. ua--".,!>L__.2 2r ,: lyt oJ 4 .,.;!_; <,_5i-o;r ;i6-L ,r1,r--rl llel a5 c .^ ;l(,1 ;,,1 ;o.,- ;L:,L_.2 ;: .55
+ ol- ): 'J i-* 1,,*:,/lJx+- Cb.r .,.-_riK).,lp [-.2 ;, | <;.rlr- L2u .2 uas]J6,_l=,t ;l ,r,l.o., l.p ;ln
""4.* dt{:[ .,]J 1 k- ,(] ,.sll.;tr ..J j* ,r--.r*Ll ;, Lr; .-rj:;.-r * -:111
"f,,J ! ;tX- .-,l.i,o Li r, .r(:-
, 6etot J.- I .l5i*.r t jvl).)t Geror, J.-l "tgrl b-.d* | ,_:( i 4-l ;, eL_r",
l_, "rol-t .+*:. J-l .t(:-, .9b4le ) 5 r^l;-. Jl
l1 nr-rrr ij 1.2 iU a-, dl;l ;i;l ..* ,)-1" r,-! -5 r..*,) -t: :s.t,.:t 1l.5 r, rrb+, C*y ,)-l 06.-r;, S ,bIeLi L (,)J*lr - 3S or-, u "\. l, ,rl, ctl r_.lte U .n--&2 Peano 3 Frege-Russell
fOO lrllirl cl12;-t.11
+ ,6t_r+,rll;rl ;l_.,,l-, kJ ,KL j!; $li ,J-K 4_,''
sh st",;l: -rl t- .-lJ +:--r or-:AiLrl ;i i, ,;; tr,S,_ rrb.r,rLiU.le.,l .t_l r*l+ .5,.,r1-r; .r^1, d ..1l.-u:
"-r;,'[...t--2u. u,-\4;l { 'iY! r(i-l [-.:*lr-. J-L i ,r -IJ, ,...r .r -5 .K.; o-; . , .l:,1 ,l; -.2..l-,-L-..J-vJ\)
,)2 J. 6,11 l) ri .rlLi)l ;l;r;r.5 y ;,1 6;L :.f r.;l-u
'sF ,.9-'e2,-1j .2:2,): era ji ir- S { se):;\,i1J dl-,l ;15-l n::^-" al c*l Jl(-|, )! c;,j o,_l :."rv
;,-l;1 ,:L-y C_rt-.t l+i )t ..-*l:e.,-et +r-.,!ii)l jlrF)..-*l ..r,_: ,j,' 1 .,1_; 6b 6|v., iintrs ;'V".1 ., .iUL;lS st .JV).-12,;-r ;r,a -,5 + )l l) l- l+lr<,_j+ Fl.0.2)tc + .1-1lr.r. tt-t Srf i_* ,.g;.t _, a, l_.2 .9] ,.g t-n., 13
!r)l r1 ,l Lil ;i 1l ;1;; s ;. 1 ,stt?-* )-S ,S o,_t
'5 ,: l1 ;i *+- "5,J.1
j*l ;,5.- .r:- .;;[$-i-;; .-r^ L; e.,:. i_E 3 p.^) ua+L:!- -r,L Li_ I ;.r a-Jl
dl.o.-** q ; lr;.r -*l ;5- .r;1, .it'-b 2 ;s.; $-i; .-uLi.p
e3- ,rlr l.-Jlll ;es-t u--p nJ,b, otf, €tp slt ,.t. _t+.
.rf g--7 JL:-t 'S ij ;t,;trl jli,s. C)- e ;U-i ;;iJl "t t^l; el_r*c Ll .c*l ;L -u_-i- ;l-r^L; !-;.r3- nil_,;I rt.1.;,JiJlr e_r.a i_? ,Slt ,S-* ,r!!rl ;lrr;.tr5 .:*l 2;r t -.c;- lrL ; Lr,rLi ;l ,tJi\ lu2;5J1,t pfr-1.,2 ..1i -r,-,1 .,1-r.r L;. cL5 + I .#.,"L S-b l, u\;*l )+.
.J --jt- t-z
Jlii -.lti.. t Jli a;l t Ydl
,-elt * -,1 :ir; e5 r_2 JL Q-o. I ..rl,:i I L ",+tii.rF I
:-uiL J*ii.U cJ,_rp .r-Ll .St"t,.li; ,t), ;jr'tt; .r-U-ti-S tJ^ \a;3 g j,rtl ,slr stj-. JLn.r- .J |.;i;r Ut
nvl d. ):, { ci lr5i ,} *. ,sn-t+.rlL;l ;l1r;*r ,-ulrr"
.J- 6.
;1.2;-r c*l ;(- S E ;t-l L , rr".^ la;l.if-_;; a-Jl
,-u;! ,t5rL .sh ,rlc t'. t_ F_r( ! ^t ,;5 JJ ;b})l
,-f.15 .grt;l -,,_! ,:+: + ;L5L- J_l .5 l-ji U Lr .-r,:;--.r 3r1,;U_U- r,l ;,,- l -iJ dLll d-;-l + +r. ,rl i--r l ;1.2.*r d .r;rl.r
t'.;+ ).t t.r,_-r-- .,1;;-.r ,5 .:- ' .r_l ;K.l .t;..-o .c*l ,,_j" l:
rU-; r1L- ,"_l r-r^t 1 Ll rr; "l) s-h "9G41.2;l
,- l-- .: l-r..,-
)), l:- ;L__2 ,K;-t ).l .+-"r r+lJ* e_V t*, ! **,!6 ,S*, ,jal ;;12 cL ,;iLt _r:- q:,l ; .; ) ,9 J--"lr .,JLrl ; l1e.:--r K-i_ I ,-g 17 ,- I ,s 6_" "!r ;r,-l .c*l,t-l ,-'tso ;'-l p ,:r ,..K .,*.s,.L; .rl".rl: <i.rJ .i,_;l;t..:,L-; ;r €*y J.l .K;, ;J ^. 6 n-,,/ )r-t+er-t.r3.;:.i orlr F .S-h aL-j > ,t*:. J.l ,K*: ;l u:a--.:LJ a, r; e -L ;;lt .:1,_ e5 r_r l-s rr--"J J_l jl(-l U I
;5-.s&' r:i', e+ S C *.|.l5r-iir .r!L-rl ;t-,r;-.>.uL .:.e-r--. .:;419 2 )t;-L -Ll-J jl Cl: "k+ -r,_L: I-ulL
1 .rl.e cJ,. )::- br; tse tslt S r*).r. lJ .gl.Uii; Li+cel !l .-r"" rL.'.; j! J^. ,r_r* ,rlLrl ;l;;*r elJ)t )t :r"*r il, aI q-4 gr- .+.r; JVtl -,1;;-.>jlj jl cr-,..?
'Un S,lr,lra -r--r l,.;; c ,J) 41, U-l J..,o;U; S .:*l orl.r; ,L! jj:r oL_r+ Grt .;*L ;l-r.r[-
fOV JJjis. ;;.:' gp a;lJi )l ),-+ ,:!,* A-'ll:h \6
.*-! ,-r.tr ,,-tW irr- , ,a--s)' .rLL -,,, J.16t 4-
,gla-^l ,l g:f.* .u Jlrl )U ,rl .;ro L--h .-t,rJ -r-;r; o.r-i +-:;L: ) t:' l--a.F arl elf )r )-t+t
.2Vi e ,-;lr- L.,;r.2., L- ;*l 7r- JFL d-L- ;-,,+ d ';lr,r^;
r l1 Q:-J g,.l ..51: r-,-3 :-<..;"+L ,r,- -1, JrSL uz ,-cY
or_l K!_ I ,l -r,., ..r; r [.r. otr 6.1li 4-l 9 ,r-1.[. t-t j!-r
u.-:s uJV) -,1;;:*r 6;2V "$^t; J-r.-i ,,1-u --,YrL,
.-uL; .-g l,o.-r,.r, + lt ,s -b dl^a1., .,lL)l ,,'12;-" 6,-l .4:J
,-,- | JlrL rl-*;,*; ef lrb,r. \., sl,* t .,.tt.-.,t;1 .F {-r { +-l .'f C 6- sy .,'!rL;, 1.2 t6-j'J
u!V) ;lty-: )l F- ,i &,Srrr ,94 1le; I tl,u,
!J-$U .,rr.* 6rrl bSV 1.,\3 -,11r- 4; "S x-Ju.
t W-$t,'.Lo; a, l1 ;tS .,V; J--' ub\t'\ .,*' .*l L;r'I S ,-14L. ,:*l 6t'2-2 u-l +-51 .$rt Ltt u) tls,r..8 ,ss* blt rt" t,rl5 ;l ,:2l, ,S .s r l;z- ,,s?,$L
eLJ a, ,--+; ;-,-l 4 .'22i o. tVi J-h -,1-r.- ,, a5 .-*; l.>
1) (e-irlii ) j-tU ,^ L-; S .l-, -.;L:-i ,.r
I
i01 :.i:;:,rr '1t:- cli i;lt )l JJ-+ afi sclg.,fu \6
pyi- 3 )t t')ry .rj ;I v ): '$u';1-'' '*+U' t
;YrL ..ur; .rr-r, - 4rl ,tt t\ ul,-\ $rf ;2i -;1r5Jl.er-:(Jl .9L41.r." g'-t- 6lt LJ,LU .11;lru-' ':2t";rG a5 ,r,3LL cLJ fL--l ;l Gr- ,s"r, o-ul ,,-eJ o+UnGi, .tr;d i:2,.a )rS J."-,*..ltr; qL: !,..,# -,! -r;rr:-uil6. Jli,- | + tS rr .3r ,r- t d" J) y u!1 sl-ra
s-nlt J? , lt G&.-r.aL:,. i-r,--r,- tt-l ,"--b orl Sstreo"1 a, ;1.(.1 ,,-l .rb,r. \-, 6 J*;r ,:1-J.2b,71 1L-lJ.JU S-b J-r.";l e( (.r!F)l rl)F. .13' . ,-rll) -r'.i
)t; * ulf t oJ, ;r':; a:; I-i-, "914:;
U .9-:L-2 .:l-r--
JrJL ;):L 1r .,---i b i ,s -9-" a;u! J-r'. ;,,1 Ll
,jl,_ r, rb)t- 4 .s, Jr" ;l .c ft r, i-il: 1.-.1 uo\; ,,-l;LJ::.--b C a.t-)- g;;b el ,r-' l9.l .:l.5 ., sJti. -lrfJ l "l-u.U--L C )lt-i. S -r-J rb .;L! .r-', .9$" i-;i .{L-.r, ,;L:; I
+ J!. r )t -tt &r;Lo ,,,-l ..:*l e Ll -lr ;.+L Y'\)');l )r; i.sr ! ,-rrL- ,S"la t_* a, C,71-rr. 3 "*trf -b,l o-Y t.23t 2e) .-*l o<- ti n4-t :r ;l ta; l.r5'-r.:
;Y,L 6 +-1; .r-r-, :-!it .,Jl.:,- er5Jl ;L; d1,- rL5l.*- e ,-2l..kl A^+ ;l ,.s-,i dlt fLrl 2 7l;l ,912 JIU
.,; Lbf ;V+;,.^L; 6biL 1,.,7e
,-+ttt t ,St .*lS JJt- J-" K--l 1l lgl.rf--rr,
i.=.a.l Ll ,.r;:3, .,Jt*; j15 lllJl a, rl.r.r, €s' l-:..u: r;; U,jl
;r:le *--h g,l .r;.j.5 ,s6-'d bti ).r 6p g.- Q;l t-!-J+ J.r" dj/-l Fl- d.,)r, .i't! 2l:l:u. 6.b3i t lt,S;t'
6l:'; I ;i jl {.-L-; L; u,. r+' t-l-- oilt S -u; JKii s,Ki}
e.b 4V r lr}ij c,Jli rM
S.:ls .:*1 ts--E n Ll (Cc ,-,)s l_t -,K'Ur.l c*te-L5 r, .u:,r, L r, l;,.ra; J) dr_ | dr: A, ub})l 'b*,g<- .t.,-r-,:. : r-;, .v:lc q.n, g.1-;, 2U)l ,K:^; o,.t.ej *L 'S ;*l:ror,;,1 ;til ,"-k el u.Llr, .tlu.;K ,\--t; ,ltL ,;rlr- L. -2r r!r_11 e ,.-,- o"; l-rot5i c. U L,:; ,:) }S L. 6lar4 e, d,.:L r.+l:,.r ..:*l ,"r.;i-
.,r+ $ Jl U_ r-in..,- +Jt G* Vtrl r t + or;e+*t 6F ;.elC el ..rils, .,j li,-l 4 L;* -,rlr- ,13 ;l1,--/. .t-Je- u. -+V ,-h -,yrL;r ef .5.:.rc, .rl^rl:L,-,Yrl^. 6,_ I -ur,r, ,l(.1 t + ,rlt"rl ;l_r.r,-" 3;4 trJ nJ-.rU r+L L+l )r d rJ.-,-* G_fi, oatt +li { 1..,
.sl !- l-r!, pV ,e*, dl$,r+ .i, g_l * :*lrg j,rl:;lU +k .J +i; ;1r...: 1., ,,s. r+, ,*lc Jl .s,o L + 1.,, .rycr-: l9s ..,: I jl iSrL- .Jl ..rr,.r +_L +-*,: ,) + ,i;).i)r ol; ,u; L* sj"+ 4k L--;l ,_$ l.ortS cS\ e*t. ,s),p .tJ ,.s, ,">rt cr:le ;r,l ,91, u-4,; L_ji ,l' O,-l
.E J4;-.91I;L;L e. r+ Glg A:S ," o:;a+ L--b e_l
4 d ,-r,--r+ G. t4 ;1.l3, G2 ,'2,; 1.2 a,-);4 ;r-,\At. JL .'es a5.rJL; ,Al L-k ,,,.9_r2lc-;K;;)!-,Y )-^:.e rrrorl2U J<-_t ,r--*Kjl 3_12 ul(,y L-;It u--V;i .51-o;l5 ,;;1) .rJ .*Li arli rr. ,r.. .Sp J,SUt r *'b ua\.; ,g\l'14 ! "--: JrJU I :L lL-;l ,rlrl.i
.'l_r crbl+" 2r el;_,l:i; r gr qell! rl o,_rb ;r,_ | (.,:-.b.,15
2. Michael Farday
Y?\ s\-4 o.t'J 6P a;lt il t-)+ |t* ttll th '\6
Lltl .L.S + -n ,)V)..,I;e*, L ol -r e;: 6P Jilt.J; 6t)P ;alY .9rU-1
> ,d-i.ill^.. J*r L)32 .p 62lji;,,-l .,, ra; ; l'r.1-'b
.91-o,+|.; .c;b J;JL L-k ,sc +-L r, .,,-t- re- Lr4-1lj, .-lc I .p'.t i :e-e t ,rl"t .rtq! ;1.2r l.r:'l A')t 'A;t-il ..j^iJl-J" c'ssa ,ts*..ltL; .giX-l-ll i-L 1 ';L'i O.,-l
.tL:rl l) b..r,-.r,. ;.,,-l -r5.r.i!L-;r lr 3;2 2 ri r;" '6 Ljil; cJ,-r=r ;l r;i- 4 ,*lta itj ,-r.i S \41 )l r+V,sul.:rp .rir .:.- lt j)r- u ;+ 6 L;i ,t .p a-l;.r, eL*rfl
,-L*ly .rL .s[:'L g.;L ..:*l ;)7 L-F eL- qel;|.'
-r:lr,r oll(. 1, ;i .r-. .-ui l,r' r:".r.ry r! ;L-+l "\5riL, L=ir- blirf l) r*!b.r o-t ,k;l ,9'-: ,-5b.-q-r,
.rl ,-r.r[i jli,/ l) 1*i ,;trt Jr '#L; d- r:,rl .91,,r-;l; rol,, e-:bt ,cL-r2 (t,E tai -u; -l*5 iU .-.t ."t -- )+ + u.6 *"^t J'' "51+L;se.> ,.:*l n! fi -,1 ,s4 UJ^a (dl^:-r5l) u*V)a4-o.t;:-- ;\K 2.,L-L ,.,!.r"L -;' uo\;21 Ulr"l ;L-o G* g-lrl
,.rt{J-s.t- .Jl;li !-; t-lzK ;;l; t}. 4 }"+. Fv,s-5-.,Srt;+ J;U L.-b )'s' o)l) e-t +'e-):;.) .:;'.'\;r- $ i--:. a.!-rar + u.r::.t .-)-s 6s- \,-r--L- 6 -;-S ,r: ,L( .r-l t;i.2 t;!.2 r; 6-JV' tfJl..qL- ;-r-1 & L.Y d .\-t \ ,,s)st;:*1 6- d-ct u-b &;t ,JL; :-:IiJl ,.*. J> -,S* ,'.aV )V;:l" ,J .Er!.* .rle " "-f 6,-L^;-l .c*l t-t F-' jrl;l ulq,l .r.- :-r,-L t t Jgr o,- l b ri e)t Gl r:. zs* L-.Ji; ,L-
cr,'ts s+U,. 1,,9)i; 6alrJ f?.
.l.;.L::
.;l1l ;t!i.rlJ',_;j r.rr*7 u:t6 Lr;i ir; ;rt-;tS 2 ;l; .91, r; ;_la-i r.;i trf f . 3u ,)> p s, .r;;.2, .'j ;l;i .K;_U,i r, u-+u; rFt -Lr { Ct.l,l '::l ;l ,r rL-*l -Le I af c;l .,.+i:; ,;gJl ,sLtj Clt-l o,-l 6 rij-Ls-- ;S- J/t ;19 Lt .-r,[,r-.r rn glrt Jt:S + ,a;-;2 3;\-at,i .r:;L a:^:l.r.g-r.t ,
,-7 lr!l;r .elr.s. .t-z:lt g-lr,l t, Ulrl j-l jy'l l- .!).LV 2, ,5f--".sF + ,Lr 'U-
u,. ;' l_,7 6lr,l .r,_ | 13, ,r[J
:syl .xS ,-,.--" -.+? t r c\_ t+ ;..,t L s Jrl - d -FlS e.l9r.rl.-
"lrl? r, l; r3;6lj.l J;r[i,r,_9_rl-2.rl.pt(-l
J-r. jl +-r+ ;19 Ut ' .1;l;l- .rL u;e_:l 6-te^l JtSl.rile re .J.: -a.:J J.<,I i.'- | ,Lj ;i;, .tt J.JU Sb,-*
- ,gl.sl: 6 )s;,.t "f5--- ;lr;;l
a'.^:; I ;r,_ I 3 r: u. .t 54Slri-rf t ;LJ ;-_t -1.,J .-!;....6 .gl.rUl.;ri 6tt s :l__t
;l c*l ;(- u,_t:l: s ti glr.l sL r-(l ul .r( rb e;.r.r,L;, ,.,!, .rUl.;y -! ! qt; ._ut ,rJL; ,-rgl Lj.*lt r .u +-L u*r ,: ;t-t .::--i -, -1,
Li )i -Ll : jl :+.;.*- Jy't ;1-u. ,r-Ll ;yrL ;t
",*5'-l idl + L,*.t
g;r.L-1 r.p-i- q9,7 lr L;-.a s-lr"l u5_ | i;l d -u +L; .1-r.;.5 ,.,-<,1 i;l .,;1, rlj LK i;l r.l : tg-t -t\..|-b;.' al
.t-uq q ;*LiJ i;t .rLr ,rr-cr. ..,r4 rS 1 J;11r,1.-u;, s-+u+_ JrJt Jr. L.L.,1 ,t^-c r_rL t k+l i- ..ri;
3 Heinrich Hertz
Il?l \.t;s.4 ot;.6F g;li )l )'-+ ,Jr-,a' ell )h l0
ri ..r,::^l l: ;lrol 6 r;.r, srJ l; ! .- .Ki ,o4 66'*
J; .1.:U EJ C-b jl 'itr- -P 'r.;l JLaj; 'r"-t t; ,.J" -rl5
..gt-or; r4 o !'{; !-*)) Jl C.t e t .ryt t'r '..:-16
.lL! s-Lld-J i-i-)u u-b )l ^S
,eft 'sD ^Jrl ,-rlt' '-f
"p-i L*.rk* r,r F-?l-.e-r- [- i-L ,ui $'s' * ;\;L
Vt .slt. lel ,s\*r .5 u.l + .-* L* u '.-'i L* U- cit;,-,,,,p:--&. 1lyu. .;..--$ .;L;". ,e-) J' + .,U./,t&;**; y-j,;lil .s+-'L d .;*lrJE df-il.'S! d--"ii d';.r^r; .rL:;. .51,r,-r,--r1. ! ".,.li; !, 6,12 u!$tl )-;-' e, t,r, ur,-
"gLrr,-p ;t-1, ,p:--&. r:lie -9-" .j.t -,l rt.1l-u,,-1'-3
.rr-.- .,-r!: t9 23,a, ,9V nr 15 ;*.' Ll , .'- ,r ob' LI-rt.riJw del ;1.; l- tP-l
;1e.2 )-,;-;t ;: t' r /" g--,i;;, t' 6 ,t ,-r-rlj '-V.r: U "F ,,fi Jltt 1 l'ral r-r'li; 'rI- !E s)e ':u;; b '4-
,r!\;r l ;1rr;--' .i5 rl J,r uf; $ u+ ,?-r,e:*.1 .r.l -aUj:. ):;tl1'Ul rl t ,t)f tt u "'l' r:,.t; r--b r-,2r r' e5
..g t"-.l*-'t ;,,-;5-., y';l ,:r-,r.,!5-:; p l;l ;* r--a c-;3 Lll-'-;8c.L- ;l:- L. ;)lt€ l-1 4-l jto2 g,-l ! .:;l'u .r-ll} e t
"'-: .y- I ,rr JL -'14 b'- sS iL' 4).;* eI- ! pvlt -_-h e!_ ;$.r'* ,._t2, ,r-t I !-! u-l-iE .r.; {U,r--U;i +.ri-i 1, ;L; l; ;l ;l; 3
'!* 1 .a5.:; I Yr'1-c'
g;Lrrl .r;l;; 6lLbj e a5 ,.rr 2l-r-Lr Jl Ut ;:;tS,."L;u.- ,-u;! ,:+r. ,l+Lri OK.l d-l -K"5. utt u&lj'i -uiq ,A+^b; a<L-l ,sl.r. b 4. 'r')" ); ,.gtlt*l g>t
s-b eu. t .t); ;;lt; Y?t
Ll ,.r;1el J* f .rel:- .s\;;S ;lJ--, e 3;i-\" 6iL -r--rL ,,r; ;_U, >f.fS S il; e-, !rl.+j el Jy't
.-ror eil;l ,;! +_L .,J,'. i, d .s+r. .r r+,- d,=,lt Kil
r l-r,.; "f.L:;
S ui..a; d-r: + d ;J7 * jal .r> .!.-;i2.l .-l ,e-.1 { ,J), 6J^l} }Frl ;r+ o1ra. 4lji 6:l-2,rl+ "rl,
l-r-r-a -i':J;l c*l dr<- ; l.u-:-; l.r ,/r A_ _rUIs;u. obllE :2- rJr- TWet jt k;i ;,:..j t,'l r:) U._!L:[i.:L
t")y ,:j -,7r .r5,r.,r-Ll ;..r5-r*.. Jr-l JuS \ (:r :I u'-.. ..iJ ,.L+l ,r-Ut J*l \, _r _r .srU J.+)* , oE ,*\ Jt,l .r- l J!, t +! d. 15 ljfss" .r-L- I
g:-; ,!. * t ;-J .r:e-y Lz ry .u l;; 6'a ;2 2a;.-l
J2-l -;*S 2 ; l W.l) o,_t 6 s"Jrr -* J-; i* .a;123 n'-5 rr ,-L-l .-rc. ;,_ I .;*l ul,"rl'; I JL; t{r- s-Ll4i, .*l .4.! .st""-r,_-9 ,;-5, g-; Er -u;; l, i.cJ,
.Ul .gl,,a
Cabt + .i-oy r , 3t2 Jt1. 6--1 1 ,12r.-l
ry 6r> t c.^.-,,. ,J) s' P 3 ;;K ;l;o.pr_ri.'.,r.^r 11 rL:a; e:a r3,., rd ^; ,*.- O,l .:.-., ; a.j Ul ,r;;;S rs.
"9La. e- I,t.t:ot -51 4l .r;l.rj rr-.9 .t:oy -t e-, a*
ts))) )) roL; ' ":b el 6 (,-_L6jti ar ,P,t).\'!.o+Jtr- ! ,- .t<i ,t-.5 *'o,,l.1;r .r.-U,'-r. ! _rE';t-l Jl ..J.r lt+- Jt:ro eroy , )26, iJa ,-t:e,l=., ;r .-i,_1 grl-r ;li c^1 G*, \s\:-, + .":., A ,*ot tE- Jl j-:,.-.$ .-*r ,*_* ;t 6.>; 7t W ;,rt* ;rttnJlt g=>; I 1 -l.; L .,<--? lr- g:-, ,tl-lJ e-;
.l
Y?6 ttr;u' jt- 6P balrt il t-+ ,st-z' ell t)+ ld
)itr st: \
-:ts .;tnz C * 3 -r.t .b + ;Li .rl+;rtlaS u,-s-i iL^ ^t
,F -,8 .s ,* * et rl J,r d c*lgl9 1.: .l L;-r.-.r, tr:a )t) a l-.2 ,V 4iu..r'- Ll- ,-rot
-^-+ n-l .L- .r.5 tE .-S * .. S,r* .5ri'(;l ;i ;l ;'-laf ;*L:l .r--Lr ij<j :;*l .-15-l; ,rii g-L, 3rl.' ef
-l jL-
"gla:* 6r-l ,31 ..f: .r.,e,-;l l-l Jl;- ;,-l "3,...".-g.eL* 1L.-- I 3
't-6t i * iLl;r :), o+dJi r3;;l
"5a.,t*. .\;\ Le,- ,or. 3 G4 66ti ) rr5,s, JLtl 51r<'- .,Y
9 t\r542t.rf ct-istl9 1l .-",^-a .r*- <! -'--: isogf P
6,_l .re -,3U; Lut ;i; 2: * ,-^J { Xt- a, (LrJL-D
t .-.;tS .g',1i + r-, '.9+ F--i';,-l a( rj, ti fb -*.;-+ 4- $ ..,y [; 4-2;-..L;: ,-rs
t9; Oi+ ti;"i;l.' ;)el3 ry ,S-b ,rtU U,r.! ljE .ry* p-;,U .gzlr AJ d- td,r It e e :ltu. g)e lr:."- 4- Lt- e r! ;Jrl .s l-,r
g;ba-!rj I U-l Ut: .rL, 1.t .-,12L* uSr- "-,25^ .tt | )S
,"t -^..-. .fu r r'j L-r.lJ.- I- ..:Ul.;j ,-)ly -b ;l u.2*')'t \5'
slS Jt:S.rtL--.71 .,1;j^-r,.:IJ r, ;1.L.::;b l^r+ .!lCr +- .r:: Lk ."5 .,L.- l;.r,r+, 1.L-+
I 7f .r-J-- S
.:.r+ fr F-ri- r;;b ;lrJ 9r ,7L5 t. Ss., ,S * 2, ,S 3 u.a5 i*l 6,- I -3-:f.- *) I .=^:- rr ,.:"-t e:Sr t-Je )tS s.S-J ,L* .r" J\<L'a I \StE au. -'1- Ui i,.1 tit.1 .rrrtd* tjq 6,\^e.
,,,ele r!.ll:.,r-lt'1 ia t.r<,-;; J: .*ljl \+i rtJ ;r,_\ ,slr, .rrK tl-!l 't<--i-ii ,> l, .r"L.- I 6;
s-b pt;'. : eSF o;lrs lrf
Jel,8 *r! -tlJrl -,12;-.r .slrl., +! a(Jq ,r-r_ +L .-+a;Q;_tri;r...b:. -r,_i; u'h a\-._u., l;;i 1f*.r _L ;;qtcl+- .rl"q} 7l;l :;r" _2> ,.;1r.1 4l:-u! ,ri(;_ ,rU16r;,., le 'rLll O,"l Jl Ul .tS o. ato c .l ."u rl{.",, 6.r,,.:..!-1, ,-.tr 6l+-): sl;u, l.1 r,_ra,L ,r;! r,_j, ..,t<- | J,- I
,.,,lrl -r,-! ;r,-l ;l ,+ )s-e /-bf -,\ ,)tl ,slt n_-b 4 o.:'; I l;
-r lLi I
+ lrr t sz-ri cSat: ,,: -JL drl d^-lj J & -;*lr .1r3, Loa,p U_Jtsr+,.51-,l. ; L.r1 ,ia_)ti .c* I .ry
,,-r.j.--.lt L-t J t ;J;t) )l-:-. ,J2l i-lll a_-_l.ii. ..,1.:-..o I r, , ,S 6 )\--. g;$t ;l .el .;;b ); ,s;r(,_:-;li'i- a_t .,, tj}J 5._, LIS
^; 1J :,2 af, q_rU;i)b .,*_ ^!K *!tJ I _;, 14; o,l Ll .;i).,, ,L, + y'.1 1*; ,r^-,- Lri ,rt-: ;4-t 7 ,jrq) a.F d ry \t.. JLst\-.3 drl ! .l.: .-,)lji ,.-.,,1 .,)l), t\l;,Jy'.,y] ,- ..1
el ,re, o-r.; t;U; s,E f"ob .-,lF *r )l..s 4JK r+LL rltlS 4,a.
"i.*. .5br-t t l_t ,sb uL it S ,z uS ,)l
L.k ;n (\tV. JL rr-r-) cr-r "\)," S c*t & Lt .,t,JLSr lr .r.r} s+LL Q;.u:; ..uLi ai ;*l ;e.r..e 3Lf'b+ ,S-t+ .r-t& eet-,trf+ Jr-J k+ ,gr; ,-,.,i"u.
4-l 6! '':z s.* E.rr tj! L-k ,* t -,-y L;t,s-h6 ,11.r .,1-..2 ut-:,: ,eLf o+ s S.tl a- ,o;.i -er o? 1h(;- I ,l ,-f.-' .r, ,l .* il.li _22tn-.,-F- I, c,..1 .= L:-r9:lr.r-;
^:bl s"t>i ,*r. &,-r,j rt{. :1. l, +,h ,al .t*;ltl. . ;Sr-;r!;: 4 r -u:; L .;.rl_o 3"* el" t;- )r. r) e
\? J-t
,,,4112'S
J:-.l rr-----J€'pK + L S ex; +,,rt l-kI e;--lr c;bilr S *Vj ,-l;.r:-r L J-"t sk Cyyi;>1.; -t-; r.-l .sUL ,, - S,t &-- e i, 1.2 ;l-roL:'l{j-, o,,-l :.:* .c*l ...r; .r.21j5 c+ + t JJ- U.t lrl"'v ^ J"a),r,,-l .,r .--l .r; ,:;r. k;i Fl n5 c*l -r,--r.-.2ri:l
iJL.1 .2, ;l^:;,,-.1 3 drf o-l" ,fy J: 'r,--q -r,-r ! 1.,7
Jr".\ .iIU lU t .'1,-y' dl::t-.o:il 1 glib ;l 'aB.;*l iuv1; n,ga2
,r; 2l .c"aS.2: ;3u lf .r;r \1Y' JL I .rir.rl-t'nrlE- rl .eL,3t tl ,-*, Jt.6,'L- l.r.-;Lf L; lL;
;L; i, \lY\ JL 2:1 -rd g9;2I>J ,na-1 6-1 ttt tt!-t Lt'
6lr;.o ,.--; -rt-J :Jt,, .u-rJ ,-:.. a,c,-$L-.; grlrr
't. Ramsey s€ntence
3. Rlchard Bevan Bralth Waite
2. Frank Plumpton Ramsey
.t
c'E pW t.s)) i;lrt v*
,-f.5-:"- .gl..lr- ,l ,)lj U_l .i# .rl;, I r9l*b F_ 65rl;r d_
.r.lt r.1- i$t + s :2 .1.2, ,s,b ,sJ , e;-,-.rr 1 r5 r:;.r.r + fl .x:;u. 6li_21 6rli, . ;; . rl ,t ,kt ,\ L_1 *. ,S
+ 5* * elr -l, (.':-+.r tJLi + oy ;!;E 1 ;t\iJ.i; l-t .c ..t, bU, 6 +::-" .<! ,4_.t,1 ;fL 6-5-i-Li; o,l dl--- jl r,i .:J 14_ x:;o. t, .d.. ol,L; 6.(L)ll ..;;c:t.)rlj5 di. ,:L_:2 2: u1.r_ 4r rl Jr-r.rj .oF!.; .l .9rL, ,ftzL-;21 ,912b aS c;i.t€ tS \,t1-.t;41)tl rf c* I ,*s.t Vl ,c*.I ;+ t =r tl )$ uor-; 6;,,r5 oL-" JL -r, tr_- oFU .S - ^rt.. (.c*l ;t i J+'rrl + .1.. ..91"* I ,gtoaJrlS; I 6. S ,s _r_$ 1 a2 ",J cS.r-Ls; i)l);14 .L.{, &it:. ;r,_l jl4l .:j. ot; je!,_:j 2r_,) dl:? ti,t? jl .jl, ;$k- ,)j ;j* I Ll ..,j1 ;_l*. el_;llil." C.'b; il-r + rf ts jl ,,J,-t c*1,5 .K;_t-,l ,, _*
.S,_r, ,-r:lrjl U:l: $ ,-l Ly- ,.yi +. ,-- a5 .r.:; b,r. 1^a dr,J., j I Jgq,i - 'l;; .sr il J+ .,J Ll , u- +s. sa.j -rer r, oL
r.91+-}; e-lt*)l5 Lr u-l .-S ,r+.r*" l-, e;11 ;r,l ! .r-_f-;i.,"i.t{,it'" r,1 orLj o-r.oti >t".S fr.9l.-r,-r, .;l-2:U +5 .' I
.rs
Y?\ ,sY-.1 5J-'-. .\ 7
t r+Jf .r/ ! kr ,g-r[;15 s r 4sl i2\ cL- ttu*b2
u;;r>> -r,L l-tl .rl.: u1ra, 6,V, il: U_lt ;l;n ua,2,.b ,Ki t rS e r Itl; d!t<- b)r- L_,b ,;:1.2 <ru,)1
, *V) e'11-2;-: 2 ,-f :-:, Js-l L:4.-.. )sr..a,;IJ I -r,-l'1
1;3 i*l;r-1t -j J+r",rrtK;U,i6qt, : o-sl '
11.' .':-o L) d",.fr G..fr, {-:^) )tU , s,-b, .r;t ,s_t+,"Ut, - -*; .r--l u--.srr- e-.j,, ..- :i di.;- .2 .rL ,.-ul
.rk- t .Sl.r-+ "r,-! ,,1 .1, ,.5 -b ,S\o,-,lt ;l;u..,)1 S,:^-n
g;L-n.; l.e ;i )' ,r-r; .r-Jr\ +F \ : ';'.5 L2)" 5a\a5 ,r,-to.r l.e - "-.)r-eJ,:i * .-r* .i; l; r)
'UE ^t ,ti 1r.
; uib , jlr,r" rrl-- :rt, F - r.jrli .,'i r+,- .tb ei._;- J,-U * a5i_ I .r:-i, $ c..r--. cr_"! ,.,:rl;- ,l 6 rl:
: -r,_[ c..-'..-,r(,_;;L;- f.,iL. jl c++4 ,s t.t 3 '" ,B 6 -,ltj* o.-_ I t g*L_ csr+-^.-r r,e5 # )k1- el ..u ;:l.r,o ,rr l-r I .; o, .+.r ,l-(; rt+,"., eL
1l:.5 l2 t_T 4 .,l[t , 6,b Cr-'. J,,.1 ,KJ-, ;'.,^--o"-): gr.; il*t o22r'l 6}l.- I r S s -&_" ,a 2 ,,;13Jr,-l JrL 3 ,si, iL1.;, .-5 ..,i a-$12 :_r- a "slr-a ...urli )r.t a+) ep r 6b.91a.;1.e ,j*1 .-k Cf:.Lo.rle rj,- Jj- [
"l;,r, 1.2 .;] i.r,:.S 65;Vl; ,5-r;tV.;-;lS )US _f )).> dJ+
,;,b ,;lt m ;l 2:8 g-21, lS tr.sl"-p ! t; e;J-.1 L-y L-r119 ;,1 .c*l :r-3, <fnrr ...,rrf3r ,<fz1 ,rrf1r
t 1, k,J ,t_,b JVrl -,1.s3:-: e ry;,r. "rL t-b ,fr-:.jl23;t 4_1 -tt .S rs- ).-^. ;t* .-uLi 'L*iU--
"9i-o1l.e
cs-b pl;. t 6); c;,lJi t?A
t+t tlsl)- lV U_l o. ); r, ..r_.7 b r3,-..2 : |.:j .r_ I ;" <l-n.,_]l&. ,tV," E l, ;Kul; rLJ ll:- _r,_[ ._*l ,.s;*;l -'l;S f-: r5iadl.c..., .r;5 .,_q r,; d, -ri:...a -r:;Xc ;L;U,
+tJ ,.L; + .in"_Ji i)!)., rtj_ iJU. J+,.t r.l 1 ,*i.t. ,51",;l) ,.sk.gb.;ly r(.r_l ;l ,.s;1,,elo,;12 LJ + @h,4 ;r o_r.; .u*t eV : los,- ,,flr!i.+t rr r;-.1 .1|r:u;'- (ttrn t n{, uro^I i!.r) ;l-rL-".:..
a5 .u L,r. r,.-o !l5.r. l+" cl- 6k \1, Aa *rK, :,^-.4 )l 1., ,t -L (or)) .+ds. ,p L_-h re- 1..;;l ;iollj ,:J,rp tstyo:^ Js-l !-; <aerfJ [r .S.r :J e_L:;
ttI o-\ft t ,8 d -Ylj* li tl ul-r.;.r Ll .rj*i,r, _=:,jl.t
-cs tJ' i;l: 4 g* .rL^. ; l-y.r, d$z .ii;ut stt-t
L"l 4Ja.+ t + FJ! nk+ ;rt:r, "-h 4r,S o*t Ct-o. iJ*) L;i \ tSa,t"-e 1.2 ,r^Jle ;i1_ ,L;Lc*.rt :;L4 1l J1 iri rrz.1i ;,
"L: 4 ,gl, ;*l 6t,^,
.:1,- Jt -,y.L ur_22i _r" ,,\ + rSlt ,rtt _ o1, el- u:V
.,-l .lr. ,:1,_ -r;L .*rr J.TJ,(J I ..t_ aS dS ul;n Ui .c-S;!ro;l.r r9._.9rr
1 ,'L 2) + l-, 4, d- ,.elr,S ;*l ,.:.- .r 1..]*;ir [ ; l;,r, l, ,J:- .rl 6t t p+- .:]n ,;lxl
",;;,-L 4 gL;t 6 l-t ctt Vr J) e:ty,r |..J c*-- .s,!,Ln;-, ;l ul2i:, ;,_; 2 r_6 ,;tsl 4;u,;:V 1l,.,.ri.;,-,+n -r-.L .srt ,.sl"rt .rlr L.: .r+r Ll c+* .,jri4.Ramsey,The Foundationsof Mathematics (London: Roufledge and Kegan
Paul, 1931), reprinted rn paperback, Litietietd, Adams (196-0).
Y'l\ ,9Y2'lL- .\?
(b,t) =(rt,12,r3h, JU 6lrr I (-u:! p.-.4 4 L-
"---1
r. uJ,-
,.56^;Ji G-,,rr+- rl'rrl .l-b - t rJ:L,.:*l-2 ;*: '6 ,<Vet
O:. i I s4; tVeb u,u. .c*l i+.. z, y, x 6\4q-l' u.s r-..,j+- rl.rcl ,r,-b r- u.l,- t jq sa;, ct .f.*r .:L
.51-r.;1.1r )l 4-;'ut J-<r- .r-L ;\; J -,-) +:(3-U1 , t*--* ^t
.k-..." t7 ,9lr' g-\-a,;12j=p jl) o.s lor.....(F-j:j .,t{iJ 7\;l '51 ,r,-bal.e "p 2l) <,-;.;l .9\.o,;l.;
)3-.al 6,;\.a;;l .:-)p <rr) "--& -E y l; TC L-}
,-f r-r J*l J;)lar:l e-).o trOre ':*l t"-.JE; tSh ,Sy.ytjr cr,-l ,fyy Jyl .1r5.r, "'! lt ,)Vtl ;l-2g-> IJr + irr.6.;*lo;i( ,-a i, j, d;tt ;/ J.U,yl-f ,s)g jcU -3-K- ! ,Lr,.r* I t4i .-- ,la$L0.21c ..yrl.' )*) ..pV ,-r4ly ";..,t+
g9l;a 9 *l )-t+t, ./p# 7t t ,V; ,.'.,11r,- \lt 2.2\.2t,a ;K , L j' b:19 lvl-l JL-h utt t J:-l # ,.fj .;*l )rs. t9)K (g) r-.?.':I"r ;l...orl .rlr .s! c;lrr, ;.: I Jllst; ,.g l,r.rle j.".o fC
c'*-r { k g--t.,}6 t-b +. 1.2T ut*r Jr-l K!-l g;l-r+ elJ r, l; o-r.:rr L:-2,5tn.r[-; : tSrc;,_W ,sk ,sl,l,;lt
,glr,r, .rLi .l...;
. Press
Jrl -,,_! ,r=J ,J.15 6 rc L_): .e;L .'[; r(.:l .sl-ttr l#l i-,! r Ltlt ,rJr ,,s,b s,,,;lt ) ;a ulJrt uor>,)-o ,-.\_rr*t c-l ;,(- ,f:.y J*l - C 4_l .:f ,5-:tc.l"- ;pL LP G2\.r!i! -,t;i 2 .-2lr- L2: 6],;lsl 6,lra
a-b 4tu 2 6S ;;le Yv.
.J.2lr r1,-..1 trOmn... ,nOs) ,nOar .nOlr ;luL- ',;12 m upVllt sh L*:. J:-l ''-l','.t;tt-* rl .:-l olLc +-h ,r2:;l *-j: d/_l ,J.lS g_r u-lt\ .JV.,l ,S*y Jr-t 6*,<tOtn tTnn ...,<TzD ,<Tt ,r*f O.9tr.;19 9 T 6,6,;11 icr^^-rS ,rL- o,-l .2.r f .rl+, ^., t9t) .)r- \r^ |'3.:; uOnt ...,uOzl
^. 2 o>':K.2L5.r-! l_, .rF.sb.jlr i.r .:*l "_);: ,-lS 7r(J.r9.'.J Lr li.; J',) olr^t ls <lJnn ...,ulJzu ,<r(Jt,.t1.".- ,i .tbU.-l .; r -r,--r+
jL+ .r2l .eu.-j6 t ,<JUnn ...<Jtln ,<flJt
.4;, u. ,t'l; \9:.t i!.-u i5 i;t4i ,J)s.s JVts- t,p L t) JV'jc p!-;l reL+ rl5.rl r**r d+l .sl-r.-\ar.r, dLi-; l, l+J-$L .tr-4' (Mol)t )L $ .fj ,-K P.ilr-.r 1 ;,i -rl .rJ;K-L,r t-& ,.r-*, et- r,, .(:,- | .gla ..;
iL;; <Hymolr O+l- ..":5.f .--.,-..a uMot +e^4' _21 6 ,.a.:.-cn
.ri_r lj <.r))r+ JFL ,4_), e .:* I n;j2r3 ctl{Jr<L irr,.--,.tC-, dl,- S ,tS ,fi .r:lrrs rtHymol irr.-'.- 6,lasl ;l- s,-|;d .Urj d! ,i.r, Ls ;r=r-,r,L; - 3-L:e; ;L:;l, <Temprr rL; .-r.rr,r. uV x, y, z, t :-,V.a;i- rk.i ! l,
,..,r L_,
(./L1 ;r1- 'q r.,l 6,_ lr,li .l-J6. )S \ -jr fjr. trq +
= 0..rr ,r-_j, rt 1r\l l.l nc*l 0.. t ;L; -,r b r-+r-: ,.:I_ --r- ultu' +. lt ;.21r- itt ,-?J ,r.l L. .{emp(b,t)
,L; 2r b -+
.:!_ 2L:ir .,"*5.r "L
rs ,.:1,-.1 .,,l-; il.c.; ,.i.1,. !.'l^; -L-; b ln f:aL .p--trl rrPress(b,t)r ,_19*l r, l.; rrt
<;*l \0' Q5 +\ t f-.-+ lj.)t crF I .g.n.',r.;L:-; <Massl
c[_ I f-: .rL_ ;a c-l s,* p- .aMass(b) = \0.r 9---1,,5r
;41 c*l ;,5- ) c I r--: J,-;.n- rL; <Vebr tS ;}' .'.rr-
(r)
--
Ytl ,9y2 la \?
eI- ! .sl.f.+ SS; el"-.J.,'.-.,1=" + L- j! d.+ Jr,t &q (rc
.*l .9lrL.- gL-
J-,-"; 'rc cn aV t lr j! jL: J3.S I p: pt;
1: t^.i- 2l ,L- y 6l;l + ,G)*t .ts- .F dt-; tj t"-b ,ri.5.'
l,-;j 4-l r, :.:*l ,L .l+ JyS ,S jz
(BTC) (sC) (AC,) (AR1) (AR') (AR3) (AR4) [. . . Cr. .c2,. Rl .Rr..,Rs Rr. i, Rr ..Ot...02 .Ot - Rz
Ot...O-...1
^S .*l cr-l cr:..- t'-i u. c;ts+t .ty )l t+ I J"rS
ef ,.,71. r.;-..1 (r:5.,, .rL:l ;i + n( ,-ft )D; e1,- $l.r-d.+ c-:l 6,-l +. .$u. o"r5\1 l, Jyi:: ,*; sL Lr*J._ ,ct i--c.r"^- ,:I .p l-r-- u.J rs ,r--F .t-) + \\ tstt.-:.- eL- I Fs .:*; d.L- ,Rz c..-;.rL- .Fr ,.:*; ,1"- ,Cz ist"--
.rS u, ,t;2i r,. l, i Lr 1r 6 :11.: re,-.1 Fr
t,Jll ,r--l ,r.Y i* t -=.; r Irr^-- ui-i O,-l (\).xl"iJ. f ),. (a) ,rat:t, Jr.J T or^,. U- Jrl u.l;1 r) 15
t On...Q t ;l-roL:. -* m dJ a'Rz 2 Rt .:*; rr ( Y )
oat:- Jt; c U- 6rr ei4 ;t ^S .23Li sa-) uaY ,1l,ta..uL7 ar .f ('-u
tst: L+;r e5 ,.-*l ;r,- I c;1, ,l[i 1 +! rt ,r.+"^SJ
F .g-rl, )* + lgl .sb I I Jlo-ur; q,r,U ..5}; .sl-nel.;
);l s t-jS u. tr- l^. .. :r . iJ,- uaY ice".,. r, <<ctt
,s- S.f or.25i, 1.2 ,.t Y \lr aS >.jtt >2-9 t,-r^a.,L-
.rt-,-i &f q, ep * t"-=;i .|r,,..J: erb r.'i; \ ,.5 tt ,L.>U .s-4, 'llJ) 6t^;;,:. ! ,lr,.r, 1.2 <Cu 2 <Cn 61,!.lt.; it
cs-b Pu. e tg'Ja; ;;19 lY\
2 .-,.21r- L9 ,,_:[L g...,,-;l;;-r s gat\d- s ,1lr)lyla,.rt,-r. Jr.l - C.(l-orl;l ;,- | ,. _!;u ,l_nl ,9r, ;t ,Vijl .g:l-r--',- i1-^a t rrPressl 9 xTempl .g.-L; .9tt1l1 ,f.i-.*J U-l a, .i-*l xOmyy ...,<Oz> ,<<O.n riL ;l-uL; .9b.,1.1
i;i olj;.s', -ti_l r-)b ,_* +, l, e*:. J:-l -C(C)... Temp. .Or.-.Oz...Os ,
Press - O+,. . O^. ..
'r-;,r, orl: ;L:; .fi U-l +; *--h ,fV
QC) ...Mol . . Hymol ...TeEP . PressMass Vel . . . ; . . . Temp . . . O1 ...02.-.
Og Press ,01 -..O^..,
,'rJ .er -r_! ti e i: oL+ + TC u;,.- -_-b .t_1 .I,_*, ,-s 1.,1
e 4;lo3^4-.9t" i; ;11j3 ,l .-*l ;rLc J.2l ,,.r.i .c*r.lrr,
e ,g|",--ce^-- .tLi.jlr) g;--L; .gU4le ,s,4 + J;;J" ,l,-fu-V +. u:-g flL <Motn i,_}; ,, l* I yL .(s+-r caln.JlrL l; gi ,.u:7D nHymotr Lp.1t _11 ) .1.t13 n ls <rCtt,i,:-
,:+; ,)l: db C." ja3e rCzn,r:;L .grK,-.' 6,ltor^-- ,r,;.t.. ^ ..
r:,,- (*)E C u:.i-. 2: C! r I .,;+ ), e) t? r.-orr l2 rTemprr
4;L nVel;.e (Mass) .(Press) +l- ,r-) + "-5'l (AD G4."u.r:,r, nFol g rrFel ,<Rzl ,r.* 6l^-* *. ,.2; 4 l; :r-
:rb eLJ sl;u, ,fu-llr.r_U .i,-l;
...C'.: C,...Rr...Rz R" R. :. Rr . . o, . . . o, . . . o" . : . R, . : .oo...o_.....l.; .rLi t Yt? JL. -$L /j r.,-1..i5 l;;i -L_t, .S) j-.Lt C, T J),tr).- ,, d.+ at_ f._" {;;; *-},; .2 rL ,. ,L;;
-TI
;
L
l
I
I
I
)
YYd ,gY-2 iJ-.> ll
i .t ):l ,Bs')Wl ,r^l u,.-:372 6G.2e- tlt + e n',L+.rrF I t qJ lri__;l 6 u-lr +S ;l 6 r..7L r3.-3 6rL;- .r!+;,,-l - t,.:,..*i l3n - )tat t;r) il I .c*l .2l;2 3ir, t:.a>o. ;*);i ;,!," -&_" z* +'Ur- S{..u.r; 2l,r Jl1- t_l_e" l; g.5 i^+ o,_l t_y-a') S s.--lr. .i-t .Sa c-?-. hi;l.p ,-1-r'r .gL-rr 1l .:*l ;rLr a(L rrt:_2b ,-*1 ;yf3l L-iu
o,-l CrE ,!+ ir!-r, Gtt 1)S ;r+ r., (!i--,-' rtger:(J br
spt112 q2;;91)) 6:...-- .: p\ f--t.;*,s; --.LJ2 Jl*.tr; u- ;_sle ,sh b\) _,7r )ta| 4l.e r,'- ,Jf F.5
,c.; ;l-uLi 6U '|..;l, + t"",.li; br.tsi ,st.t ,tt_t _:S S
.9b.;11 ;l k, ^t -r! ;!; n;l-r.rL; 6L;t ;l ;lr);;. Jle5) .:*.r ,f5; ;L-;U2 : ,r,-l.rl Jl- .girale .9 jl-uL:-.rq...t ;t JL=;!-, r4V u-t,:1,-r9 .(;*l ,rtil UE.,L.-, r .,-r$lu L.u Ul:-- ;;4 Lk')- .;*t u2;;.9 l.r=+:,_ ,r-.aL_; ,-pU- L. r glf dlli, ,c* i,orr*S 6-r: L_-h
"L" 3 e& Fttd.r,_tJ,t- ..j*t J,Lrtj
; l-r.rLr ,.r!j 4.,1, c.*l .9[L- .)Fcr ,.r! e t.:t ,L+ L-:,6,1 .;*l .*9+;lrrU- .,qj -r'Lj! F;} .1,.li; .rL)t ,>its- J& .r,.L
"91-oele;l e,1 ,e*l ;l.uLi ;1,
: ,)G : e.r. &- c-L- d 1; orl, L : ,rli +! JL ;,c;.>.rj t .t, l, ;\>l-.,,r,L- ){..c .:-r"--
.;, ,Lr--a ;l-ul:- ;t, ;.,,1 jl- jt , r;S ebr;
ltlt ;]):-,-u:--.r ;L, .t t";" 6 1,1 ...D2, D.t, Do 6,ll.o.1e,-
,6 \t)-p a
ts-b 4V ) (;P iilrt YYl'
c-L; .:r.-o,i-l ,,.L+ dl s"^. ,J p-r., <Xan 2 rXtt
.JL.r.,rLi J- c-+ 6h 6).) aL-= S .:,_T p r c*l d,5.-cd)) 6.r.' l: ;.,,_l .6J-, Ct-* ig +. ).al L-Jl..;',rn6,r-lr
"k+ i;\.2: ,-.11J 2 rf rb gl-:; ,ly-,r.;LI r ..:*l
t-) + uln 6 ,.s1,.,6 j ,,_+- - *.V ,s-h igbely ,|.Lrsn .41"+ ,rr.'l utJ aa n_-b ,l : _ rj o+_V e*,-rri , L.o 1l .;2r ,sn ,L+ ,-9-, ,-,rV 1 .:,.talr- ;'K-r-, .5 t:*l .):.;;2 ,91ou:S .ga r+ -, o-r,us 6:-!-l.r:^f, lr ;r,-l 6 :2 ,rJ ,)rl 6i) )f .4:l C*-r Jyl;lj
",:; l-rlK.." ,l rl j.'; LJt .+, :2e^ E t2 ,,a. .s -* u)j ct-l
; l, ,--YL, tS :2 c-.-e jt-2 .J;-)t ta-_ t ;t ,9-- .e-;J.irj jl (\1Al)
'e et lL t..r.rLir, ,se.,f ,s.12irJ.S.r +J't 6i ,-=..n1 1 ,rJ ,.-.=^.o ts t_t ar:
!rL{J li* i -" tl r=lrrr ,b-{l S c*l d,,_
I F{- i<jt )i--+ ts_)t).r;,r1 toilp 4:l 6V-4yS F-li S.!j+fr_-:- lr n;1rAb) Ja:t )l 6;tr,.sl".rlr L .rj ..,L l, f+i
<q.;-'tl2n .glrl-' ;i .-LL; ..,k+ ;l eL:i rra 2e, )l; ," gk"- -.r, .:b ir4! g_l +. ,S j'z ,l-z-.gL,- .-r;rr, -:J,f*i\.-, t sk Gs-s. J:ol ,t<-, .rl_ JV. .f:iE-J* ir- +,r- r^,- ;l.r,oL; + JVrl .,1;.;r L,.; C*:. J:-l ui6l';12 VlV,.rq+ ;J!), t9i; p15 ij- _1: .t;u. r1-r,;15.1t+U( L; 6; ,: .,* ;ll g,l .r.2ll 4-2 <;2rSJlr a3-6rB "Q+
oi ,iL- .5 +l ro-& -rJp, ! ,stt<:r o: )l.r.J,r, .r,_qb ,l9;.r- orlr ,+L; n;.9"rJ(J br z;le L-; I :*l
l\Y ,9y..1 'tJa l2
,.."3 o ,rv ;rL! uzli 'rr- (r 6 ,,tlJ 6,-\ ,"e* ,sl:J1
,s-,.-t ,t\t.2r Je <Mass(\V)=Or :;;-:r, ;.L;-l 5l;u^ ';:*lU+ ,jtr.!ii-) iqi g,-l -,1r ..,.1*.r- -aU rtMassn 's-b \ltl; Mass(\Y)=l iL+ r lr,.r. t,b .'-"'l )F. r, (R3) ;, L;i
o,-l :--+ ii5 nn:(\V)=t,'UL rr,5 r.j ,J).) b\) +
rr,- L-t {! lr J:.,.l d.,,.1 .};.,- ?t^ e.l.+ 4 .,=t-i id.--:.- 6?t lL+ -2" 6 ,Rt --J !r!r, 4) tfS,si-rj ii kr ef u-+ jlJ o,-l .r)' a; .:J )'\S 'st-o'dr-l b .rJ ..,1j.;; I ,r::...4 <tRsrr
'f.L:, aS )2 ucj'3. u[al
1 'l:-t .l^- a-l 6sl:J r' G- ,,'-ltY. .x.t\ tot>t J t-"1
J--L- ^t ;*l ;Yr! ..rUl.ey .rlnL- -ri.r! tst t &J j-.1 ;--A 2 ,9 r-L: u-.3-e. J-.1 b 4 Ltt' ,sV:';r-1- .-fK- Jt ;t- .:*tal ts)-t t )t- t ulVtl u,t-,t1-; .r-.; u-l .er .,5 + ,e"f il;l ).i a5 l, ;i ;-r";
,c*l ;Yrl(gCl) (gC,) . . . (!IRr) (An.)t. . . Cr..
cz...R, Rz,. Rs Rr. , . Rro,-.-or. . 03 . . . R2 . . . O^ . . . O^ . . .
and Re(17) = 51'
64 4. 6r-- Oi,- i-t-* .rrr4 ;15 I aS ;*l ;-1;'ttn utt ::,-c. .tS a.,213*r l1 -26 ,cL-14 Jt '. 6F;KCU-*. e9 ;l; t: l"-.Ji'; S ;"J a_et: 6 t31 ,"1 u-l ,:"_5 oq-tJ:1... ,U =l\L ,:L, ,tl-J S rrU ,c*+ ,s.b ,,s\",:lt +
.;*l ,,,_i et( | ..:-" I
Q: ,;l-,,Ji:- <u*l *ll!. eLa qg[-Jl e:-6 rr 3 ,:.:l; .-lL ;L-o c*;.: 6!.1 6rl.e ;r .c*l ;-u:; .'uL:'. jl.1c
,sh eb ) sli iralt lY,
.c*l (. ,\ ,Y,f ....) .rJ rt.rt J-L oo;;r- (\)ctL-nr":-+- i-^.o Dn,r 1.23,- ,Dn;;3.' 1 6!l I (Y)
.tj rft .2: l1 Dn ,"aW, l^-" Lr a-l La ,9lr; dl--x, IV ]:--..
"U u_l
-b + ,*Vi ..,rr rl5 { ,slt ,=-V,r-.!; o 1.,, j,*., ;*i"'-.",jts cL-?,-rlr"-,.li: i.,
",J ,,t-ti tglt qr- .,j ,t!, d.r-l dr.
;, ;Y:l .rL; $l-r- ! ,..r.:,_i,_9t..,_.r.8; L^ ,sU. drr+- r(J,1
.Q;l-u, .;l;! Llil r^+ 22$- V ,gt, cJl .i:*t .,lg .+i61 1., ..i:,_l .'ej;r ta.;l.ri_;p d ,.:"1- f_r ! ;yLil .e ,f.;.rF pU. Lt ,-tl 'S ftu J: ,d ,*. .4, *1lt jS 2 ,-- tsn 7-b,:lJ a" - J;a sV$ta:.: i:,lf )l hiro It
e:*l np: ;; sll 3 L,o;l-r-oL- !!j ob r., LLI.r_r.s ..Li!.r JV 'V\, : Jl- e ;l.rLi dt6..jl., J.Ljr _,
.,o,rJ
,-S t - qrK .:;l.l ,r.=, 't-L- tsn $_: .:) ,lt e--,.-; -r-; ! La;|.r9,_rrr lf - u L.F ,L<.Lt i,y'[U-l,,it .r;S Fr- e -b.91-o41.2 ar" ,15 r rl ;l ',br^;;rr Ii .; .l (,"Ji .ruldi st^,,,\J jl !.,i;' .l a-.-a- )lS
6 0 ,r\t ,ot ui 1e 6 ;K ulru" ;Li 1 ,r,,,t s t al..:
tsn iL+.:J,- 4 ,K-- | ;l k ,"-rL cJ,_ .9.'i; ,il .2.' ..:*l
,r at (Beobachtungssprache und theoretische Sprache)) ,,L r, ,-9lrJl.;i- 2, .A
L.); a.l ;l ,.u;:i YfA E \Y7 ;W;e (\104) l.(+SJqr \Y ;rL-:
-L--iJ Jr !U- ;.--:l r,.1.:,5 LU, !'i -1417 ,;;= a; \ r;L Yl ;l*; (\101 iu-_r- cl.;Liii )Log'ca: Studia Paul Bernaysdedicata
.c-! "-u: -L +r.1, ,:l-ir;(w Acherman) b.fl .t i'rti'J \f
lY\ ,972'i)a \?
.^3- a;J-" ) \s--lJ)Ut',,.--<. t+i ,l .rl-- d c*l^S ,s--.blr" *. o-lJrl;l "\3p .',,te-u. ,:...l,; \r;lJelrll;),{r ,l e ,tV t bl-\J J^t -S'-'., ,t-t-r;L .,",.-,* *- J-,[i^".-! ,-! 6,-l .y' .;-l u\-,t ,ttSrc 1U.' ;i-,l f* F-'aJ rl:...,n .,,, ! j ,li t tt- 6\ 'rt--S 6- ttcJlel is\1t 6 -t1"
d:.j2. 6,1" ^S tAl c-L- .r; Lr l.; r, r-,- ; l-r'nL; .91'o '-r'--r'-
,"9[,n.11.2 ..r;rr,r" LF,ji ,irl.]i- ,L.e ,-r: .9lX; -u; ..uL-
J., lJ l+i 6 ,tr-t )9ol 2 t;:.".r ,-.,r:-l.i e;lo.l^: Ur- s-h8 )V b,-l d
^; r.l;!! aS ts-ct lL;l c.L sl ^;,ju.1.
,,1 ;r 6 el1* ,S\..t-t ,r: l--l .9L- d [*lr ;,,-l rt.ui l-2rr
rr;;-51b zr\r" Jl; L.4 .-rjrlrj ,r:.l5s, J".t ,Kj-).C .--.- ujlgt u'Ll;2$ I el'u..e ..r,r l.1
\oa"_Ja ,l e-lJ el: L_ ,?-r. e;l's ,); 6,1 ,_1, UL ;.,
pY Ll ,r[ ):- e )l -,,-! ,,: l-, 1r ,r,- I .,821 .r.ol5) .-:.2b,l]
;r--l ;llli') (.1)l't. kji .4rl .rk rl.- + L;- l -,7: i--j. -JL; .l-u. . ,.;<Jl .5-r.lj -ft .r:,.n, - '*;.:-b,J I t!-.2
;l ,g.;:-:;L 'L;I., y'". l( -r.:-..r ,ro lr .s l"j= .,rI- 61r,.I
)l e t J;*l) e ;-+; l-i. '91,;-'l>r..r-l .S.r.J Ui)r S t)Vs. JLrrlf, .-ro 6,_l ..-*l j;:-,.J; Gl:t k; -ur; '-uL:- aL_ s --*,:1,- -r,: L ,;-u: .-$L- 4 d/. jJ,.-,.aLi -!,U C-* + L -,-i..,r1;; ,ft ,it;i .-t'- rt!
jrr-i) (TheStructureof Sciece) dr rL;U- lL r. ;L5rr .$L; "l
.?
,((The Cognitive Status ofl) <6.,_,t; G't- --:,.y, rj-.: "t-; r., (\qt\
.B u. u)s, J.r-7 ;11 i1!-.p ,l3rr r- y:..(<Theories
7 Charles Peirce
esla 4l;'. ) 6JLi ir:lrj lv[
tSp ,5G,;12 a( r;lr.r- .es* l; O,l .,l-i ;U .Srr- 6;\;r- L-t e( ,.'; I ,l 12 ,,5 J:i a up?)) ) <;9rJ(J[r
"[^! ;l
l, ;r,- I ;tl' l; )l '-1
.;*l urL,- "1-t u^ lulzl +_); t;
t l,; aiVl.rLi- +_1 d.rfu .ll._ul; .;le eL rri!L;l .9[*l-,.--* -<4 J,1," F_., olj:, cr_t ii- -__,rio .,1-.;*l *_);: c-L_ .r,l.uLi 6lr;r,- u"L ;,r::f .r! ,st _;
jL"+
.+l lk 8 ;;13 cS )--t t*-e j-_ l;r -,t - r, -r,L l; r,l ;,1et G--,rllr pjY )r- \SlJ ,*h eL ;l;,c. *. a,_); d,- I,
.91r.:,*. ;.-a ,{r+ dk.su G: |i-r..e .-u; *L*: .'IXJU.;*l ;l.uL;
J',1- l( l, O; e--.)ri i+ lr<,_r* a5 c*l c*1r 6,1
rL.- c*l (bJr)) , x.rrrK.llr .rt.'j,J.t ;)J2-.gj, .rG._,l:i;l, 5e;5Jt U_il 6 .,r; .+*"y- k,i ,t Jt ut,$1r.,. je:t,-!l;,lr l.sj lr5,Ji" ;l ;a .t_J u" j.i d-L- dI_ r.o rrtrllr :e.-..e
-^ .iL- rl '-r.c 6,_ | .r4; ci* c9;,^2ig * ;2;SJl ;l $
.-;.2 rr-,L, |J-n.tt utL;..roL; g lJ.1 oS tt:ts, "-fu , _*"1
,s-l: elt L-; ,sA . t<-., ,r,_ -. r.rkt y S t.;lt 4-1,6:,_';l .*r(g Jzt )t * Jj.i t.6,i .i-,.r. e-r^ ooya"_
I ..ri; i. ;*2r 1ls:-e;9 Lt, ;;r5lr L_i ,.f.r-J, ,t-t ,Jt.t45 -*l J,l C-L r.j*l .:*.2.> 72-tf eL j-6 ti r_n S ;-tn& S,,"l,,J -,,--L- t, lr-16 er. r.e ia-r-;l a5 -r,- ;l l;
+-b tt-l rlj -,, 5 JlL r;.--.1 ..rB e[: ;l ;r ;l ,941'.r.r; s, "tl; rrelflll
t tr"_}; ,,_l _,7., a5 .tb+;:: br_rJi; ;,lo^- ! .41, _r,
trt .*-lJ 2: ,^:,V JL 1. J -u-L ,lr;.r, u^:|j( c.^,
YA\ "94
it- .lt
,!--'rl c;:6,F- .l^;t )-ry'ts;,:l- ul* t ;e;31 ;l ;r;JS
.;*l g--.,rr.:. '!il ;lrr I ;L:5x5 t t4,#t oL-lJ ),.1 o.-,,-- ot-!;, .rL-r- ++r e( ;-l i;1;;111 L-.i-l-2., 6 ,c., "r -E .;*l tea2, ulelE ;U-IJ lltlr;;r, ,S l&:,, :,.:*l )l)i o,-l )l LUt ,4.r- ,:i;U>r(! arrl.r^il.e sh SV* l-\,,,'f 7p. -}(.: 6,-l i, -r"-l;
F* ,:t'1; ,.1,- c*l ,.x1 L-ir ,,.1*. CrL J<- o,-l I ;*l '+2\L;l :3-u..r}
"sl".jl.r J-t- rJ l) {",5 } + p}t )F., tor-t .2" <\$u;r,2r l, Lo41.1 u.l ^S b.t!, t- ,*5f:-d +4 , t + -3-'u\rr .rU e'l- a'.o,--l )- ), ^):-
r^r;*l J:. ,J^t .,tJi-). ,tt- |
JK-:l -u.:;l ,,'.rlS ,lS 1-) $.;-il, + Ltt eV^. jt u,b + tt
r, 6lrlLi.-;., rr ,h u-l )l .r*,r. ttrt., t\-. g-V aS u,'> l.t j\tEmpiricism Semantic andD) (s-j-,r i-,:. .r li- c* ,r9-lJ u 41 1l(\10. ,f frL,j, ) Revue internaiionale de philosophie i-; )r ((ontology
Philip) rr-, :.:U t,L-' ;, 4JIJL ,-l .;l',J 1Ur f ' L Y. ;Lri-
-LJ;l ,j-L5LS t) *1 ".u vE --ra- Fragments fU * (*_,"11,
.(rJ !5j
C)- pU. 1,sp ;.,11j YA.
eL- .4r l; ui ;li,r stt 7$-2;5, 4 a-) rl l,l ,d^-=;
Ll ,rr5 ..r,rt; ;t;4 e -tt w-f*r f.. d,_\r;-6l;u-eL2;:yfll 1f*tf: uL. O-b )l G;:-t + blt6" l1 ;;LiLLl ,f .uL- r{- |* a.,,_l .1 .,li.r- l, itst .rJ .-.ti_,
r+! jq- Jt ..,-r; .-in Li ." L- .r.o- eL-.t' ,.tl-y rl l.: Gr-F& C|* i5 1ll ,r!r e" .Ki,; .l n.r*Jl.er ,-i e-6zLiiL ;rL;r t }; Kll .;*l s,r lr el r;l , L_t 1 jyst.:^-; L*. dr_ | t ,'-s" ;g'Vl, 6, ,Slor* , ;; ,;2;gl1{- ^: .r:;:- 6 }:" Gg o-uL; .91_a o-r,__r, d/_ I jl 4 2 c.-a gi1L;r *'..r , ;ro i;1, r5 J*l o,_ | i,.r.:.rr ;L; L'- u-l
'r-j r+ "l-rr" ,ioj." o,l ,i:;L,,s[-rrr A 84 ,*-F V + ,r^-r- c*;ly .11;l:1.;*
:.Jt 1\. :-_5t L;-2 - ,gla.lll ;,A. \;-u:-; ._r,o L;tr. 6,) i;11 c\,- u u-5 r--2r ;L, ..r;,l.r5,r. la;-u; ,-uLi,dFLlt rf ,'li". ,-r_l ! .s-r- { 6L c;rl .;.L+-" .r <JfLlt_r-; eL-t 1., 6i ol, 3 n).r, c ;tLi ,; .l .S)r>r. G\s;t)-i JU-_S 4- (+ .rq_-t jl ,s* $:tt .r,t; \il)ts,dli I t :,J ,521$.c eJel ;ly! t-; ;bl;L.r ! ,li,-rJY-r;l ;.Li-l ,.L o,l o.^i t-r. .e*l ..r,rLl .!1, ,; f l ,-x,.irli- .:lu_ .rt..r r5 .:*l J .l^. , ji,'L.o pl cI .r:-..r E g.rs*9'. ;.-;-. eL- r92;._ta-b ), aLJ.; d,_ Al* + E ;*) )r),uL:; i,Li 61,* + j;u- 1.2 Jrr<Jl dl .;..1 rr-. r,.r.21-rj r3.--. e ;9$l f1& a5 .1lJ 5-..1 sIJ) e,b tl ,#,rl.; c*l O<- li J, .,.+ t,; ;;BL rl ,,9{_;;ra ,1r.1;r-- ,t;"-r! n .?rr ,b .'l_1lJ].! .,. j l;6i irLr., ::o
fAt s,lJrt.i, Alj .2r J"E ,r*l; YV
"--k u-l +-lJ a $ l.ii-.r i5a :;:*l f.{. illl aL! ! ;ei -i::...r .tl t: L-9 J!, I r -u L;.r, l, eJel ;lri cJ-o;
,,p y e J-at 6,1 ;.-br -Ir3.r ,+ I lr ii-; I pFlJ c-! li.r l:,.r l; ./t-! -/-k ;r'l ,;t(.- ^S y-;\ry u. 'F 6,-l r, -4
.'; -/*' "tu rb o\) rlr ))6 u*l '-r^: ":lr ra.;';- t:u:3- tS.- .1
"g-t--r..glalL:.i,r"; f:iii )-.1 u*t a- a u"Jo "U.Sl".rlr
te;a-,,- ;'Lbl).gla.;le i-r +l' -:. ,',il- q5Lo.;1.2 \:l-o.111 - O L_ ;l.r,rL;,-gi.o'1le .Y
<f-.:i-rr .,1!:l CG) S Lr1le - r U- .sp dl-6.r1., .Y
.(-u;,_r, ...u1;
,S'U J, )ai ; 6 q.i t t, ri .-*l ;*2r ;,-l dl+_lrE .r_r
"1,
t, "ly.,'-
b.;le -I rtailr- O g. ui-o;1r.. ,t;1l )2 .;*l .lrJ.r g;.r- [ 1r 6,1 e.'lr r:- ))t ; V ,;.-o'
"91r, e5 ,.r,-i,o jl9 a5 -r,i lr.r. a.-6 .))lr .9rL--.7 -r,- ly J-. ,g -h
!tL.6.jl, J u)rr' ) t&dn .u3i,, -*; L '-1./ ,S .a ,flfJr :-!:;,..-6 Lo9l9 - O <go)t)t) 2 <tj;S:-n ,tt;lJ ), .u;U J);nT ,r7 <tuJ\:;.1rKJ l ;l-u.l at;tyt ,q$,{l ,711 l5 !l-.e .rL 'ft-; ;r+ + 3 -$ J.'. .,,-bj* a1 ,rq r:;-..,r l-o.)le -
.>r5 .uLl- l, 9t ;t;; .r'^;'a- + i;lytf .l L- .f l^.:+ + -,: l.t & .,!-, .si".l^.
"j -i ,;-t
,.r..--t;.5L-r.;le rl -J e 1 8 ,.rL-.91'trJ,* .\rrJ;ir.j J<i
.2r l; ir";le - o aS l-6rL- - o !_ ;l.uL- .rl".d-+ .Y
YVJ..;
.Jl"td ,-*l,t;l,uL:o rrt{j rr
,r-;J p-:t L 131.' -, L....-,- ,ttg_lt t .t-t rr_i )l 6_er[.r+ ai g;+ f:-* ,,_ I .c*l ,_fE u-- lrr .r!t-- ,r* l,c..l 15 ,,-,_-i,_r er++ ,F _,7r e5 2,L Lr .; .l .rl .f! .iL;J+ ful, ."J e * \ <ru{;nr ('IJ,!J-)) ,glr,ylJ ;- L*
.t':J u. ;.=,,-.a rg5.-r I urg r"-n ,1*1.; ,l ,Ss -,1
;\- r* ;; li s| -6; - J)- !tir.,i_L- v k +rU;L a5 rb,r; ,a-;-; Ul-,',_l Jl L .c*t jlrlJj .1.^l.j--; t* ,f- tJ; Fr* .sk--i u; i .,r+ .r5.r9 ;l; 2 Vit:+. -t;, L; ,g2 .tlu- ,s-s n 5f .- ,,. , j,Ja: ,-*l: (;j L*.,n 'Ui!:.
"eloa--i.u -ilc- 1l;l !) 'i... c,r.;U_,+ ,S tS u. g-r ,-bL; , J-_l;l L;; Ji rJ "S l1 d.,-rat". :22 llS + ,6rt;k+ .r! 612. r-tr*.2,! .t -r,_L .91,,--u,r
.r-1, &[ 6) .,$- G-| ,,*2L;;r,-l ..ur,r, bL:; g_:z:p:Jltt L): -2: ler.l .,:5U g- .lr, 6s-rr ,: \r-l) ) ;iLr,
IAO silrtt ;U -,,' ,-*b .r*1-1 YV
,)L.-l ^. L_ ,"tL:- ,;-\ JL" ,rLl*,- u. It Lt ,):l., l.; aJ;*l .*\ -L,_/l-j iI"+ eL_ .i*l rr,-;- l; - Lr .-,Lri^--n 51, jI- L .iL .*r, ,1 ;L (b.,1. il-, . K-
- L .n--^.; ,'7 )w;e- 17 6- .K;i ,;;L )t-;; oyur: ,,6 1 ).b t gu-;r-l) ! l; ;i .r*'-, ..11q *l c*12
.p--l)u, \-rzi'ki (!:-*.i,) J .ue-u .u.t(;i, ,rrf l" ;;Li .9f,r";f,\2 ntr.t 9 ,rrJL-;;l ,G,Jet) Gtu r; 6,6,;lt ;V Jl ,.;--
6-_ I ;l ;pU__, r ..:L dtt:e , Jr-l 6\-Erl5 i.-o .Ol-r;
3S L*;;*l "$-.lrU "!,i
* ,.)z>,, ;\>L_; ,5i_ I ) -r-r,.ri-, J"ir rru ;l ;li )l ,_;',,. ^-Jl:-u: .r1., ;L;
"l- l; e
, (.1tlt, u- ** o,l I L;- I Ll
,rJ trt-, ,,rr,-lJ .l .e r1)"-2 3 t,LL-^ f-_r ,-trV ;l_rl 6rt-t.r[". + af c*l ;).* rl , ;l.uL; OU ,r*l.,.L l(.r*rr L- l;;1*;,1 . r.u-,.-o ,rlJ.-,- , ;* l, - t ;1*ilr-.r^; -r.-;r-i ,.'^.r; ; U- jiL csb.jl:., .r-,_-;- .9Lo11.2
s.f e,:u:*r 3l .)f i:* JL .; :lr i:.,, !;*12, L-{+ .r_l.c- .: ^t-+ -r.l G-t, 6 *t C>l) .(-*! J,}LJK- j-L* lr + k!-l-,;i.,lig- JL ;.-c 1r Ll ,rl.i;,r(;-.tL +! (!'--,-i) J n6-ol jL; o1){p ..-*;1., ,--l) ,-J+:-.,!-, t at ui f ,r. r,- l1r .a! l-r, ; l1 <,-[Lr t \L)?),l,
"-* rl - <r.-';--ot 3 .: I Ji lJ, rS u^ ,-^.^-- ,r)Kl.tL .r_1 ^S ,s,lg.^.rr;*; j^L aS ,5:r,r -,JL-c d JL).,,-J.-; /l- t d d.+ 4-l ^S
:3-u. ar;r, ,,.l.-L; \ -u: .{:ir_-L-
s,b e+t;' ., ,9)a; ;;lrt f Al
:1, la.;11 _ T 1, s), ,t)lrJ.i)J.j. G,jl, r J.iJ d l"^L+ _ r t_ .grr-L ;)l* .l
:r"Fs, f:*i (-i t: + y 1,6,.1^+ - f JJrl,t.;I, - IJ lA.jlr _ o J,V L& q, tail_ ..jJl
.[l.;le - O ,u tr b.jl: _ r,J-l- ,S-h Ur-;){^+ ..:o-- t) , G-l: + olyts. l; ,L ,p_,& ,,!-, ..t--.t$,r.t;r l; (.,pU_;
^1"+rl) , il:" lL J+ f .,; r:--i,c | .ri GiL-l t c*-L; -,oW J* J L& 9r ,ul .-., ti,-
.: ,,& .,>t - ;l 6 (Lo) oU - o ! ,;t-u\*- ;t, .\:l_oel1 _ rrl * )t t*,.r;!5"!- b,,1._ _ o
-r );'L.;).* 4J (Lt "\) _ r !.sF;!) I
Orl ,l-o.r l.e -T t "r>,e,l-6ol-* +_l Jr)"jet;: l_.7 Lrd*(.-ur; .t; ,.r;_i
"l..(*l- ["rle _
* ,Sn. Jt'l Lt 2: , 6 T L--b Lt r, l-o.r l-2 - r.-retot" Jt l Ly 2t 6,-l .sr;u, gb ;U -r;l-e ;*l ,r(.;> 3
"p*s. Jr.l - T \ ,s -b ur*, J:-l .lljl J.j) qr,
i;U ,,r.-tU .t b^L- - r 7i ,, t ,,2 T L_F J;lt jL.o etr;l;;-r ,L-o 6 .f ,-, J*l - C t ,_)q,r, f ,f:-s, Jyl- O 1 l-o,;ly - T ;l J,. j-_ L+-..,y-- L,, ;l , tl u,LVllK:"r, ;L"o L{-!_ | ..,1) ,tlJ \d .S ,r"t-" ._u;.o t-6.jtJ
L .1 .-u.o,,r. t*. e -h iU f lr ;l.uLi ,j!j .5 ', " ,_[:"J; L+,_r, .-,t)tt-I .Ki--,;, , L;, j,__rl;6f:*! l, .Ki*.;,
.JF,-r. '-q-L ,rLc .-l,;;.-r L J--o uc;,. )r,.1t aJ\i t.r!L-.r*1r;,-;L.; iL* a, a.rL ;,_ I L J!
'pltJ..j,;l-uLi "[,
1 Williard V O. Quine
tAV jlJrtj, ;!; ,r ,rll*,- ,;-lt .lY
6ltl: 7r r sV.-$i' L^r,t'.rK -b t \ '.,1J ,t-l
J:l j l^r ,r'.u.Si t- ;*l "rLL-
rL+ .r-l L-l '( 'l:i." .*
;e .c*l .,!''', .!l "1"+ C,--l ,+n., et- c*l ;5-/r a- sl)" d .r-,- La t'r ll, ,rt- (Lr - ,gl-irt 35.21.lt
- 614 r$.2':r Lt ,S d< d./- | !.r' jI"1 ;1lr4l;, :<.r::..o
;*1' - A Q. , .t"+ (t .t"l *-*l JrL rrJzb t- f ,L-.c-l;;*l-r-LrK[c*l
,l lar r i:;llr af -*l ;*-l: .5rK.a c*'1r-,r ar- I
:; .l cr+ arl t-i tr.riL (a-r- ,-,.'3$jr't.r* pj':l .rl;l,s.{-t t* trir r.,35.711r ..,1!c ,l ;*l dr<- ff ,n,r,
$ on t -.aY ? ; .. | ) o;11 .y_l ;*l J- st )- .'t-+i.tL/
.;).L I ,c-l ,r.o[- .-,bb J ,rUi J<"1 ,,r*...+ -,[ii L crlrl.
2er i.- t-i ;: ,i t f. y 3,l e5 .i; l-l .r;-L;til .:* I ;<- Jr 'rJJL-v-
g;e .e-*l "tr .; ;- yr .S .iU t * ,5,,,b 'lU.-t ,r,--,l.o...r;r, g,-l r, ;r:.o ;*l 6- .s+ or-'; jli.- 1 t-r1r,
"f,-), 1
L."- .-r; " .,1 .;*; ; * .,L;- .<! I ! ,xK u; * -," l--
l1 ta; i ;*l 6- .,- oV os, .Jtl Lt ;: e*l uci,- ,-.2$.21>t Jl ;*.1"q .r:l-t4 (r P Ar ,* ,-j.sl.t
pY .sl;l )l L- f o ;b a5 d ,r* utr!, l; rarc*l ;i) ,t-lt\ .ty-rt u.=9; i:.-'. t,ts. .Lq ,-,j! .t-t-tl 6 f=5 it * ,a'- r ts\i;l'b ,ro .,lt-;rl eJ,- L, r(
,!l L_ -ii;- | 6l.sl..
,lJf, q,; i i-
n.1ll 6r*^r rr: ,-ur! :? ;,*l 6,\"i Jl, ztlJ e-." tl'
';J,.F-LI5 jl ;J &Vr+ ,fV r::n\;lt4lt
IV 3 ,r'*t .5 [- ll;,r, trr-.-or i^5 )52 aL" ,912 >\i
cs,L pW r Lsli i,:;li yA,
.51-o.;1.2 g,l t L .r!_, d .l[,_.* iLl, + (Jq 6rE ,k+1r;L
;,_ I rf c-; ,.j'J ,_; .-r::-,1;.r5,r- 6>Ul e-_/;ulV ';12 er ;,1 ;l-i, af ,.:* | ,rr [5 1.6- p:"{+ ,}.15 ,r! *e -,rc t>le;i -1.r ,r;1;; ,r, cJ,_ .5.11 ,:r .111r ,9.2K;Ll;
,;! J"L.i;lt ({e 6ts:. b tl v t\ ;*l ;a $ t\;:- a_l;S
f-r.,' I ;>t^. ,-!.L ,5 <; ly '\:oL:-, ; g*2;*L ,, lr <,rIJ-,-,
:l o. .l-l rK a, ,u .1; - t- ;\ .r)J. )r LJ: ?$ -, .;y[,?: -
dr_ | t ,rU-,- .r*1, .r! 611 <tt:*l; _ A> i;le
; d* lr - A .-^-1.2 - r ;1.+ i- .=--, 6,_ I a, .,5r', .r1;;.1
- L if.+ 4 . t; ,, r*1, - L ,;:*l;- A -,)t* i..t bJ,r*..l-A iL- 4 Jr .c*t ; t) ,+;L JK- .- . .L. + ir-r-.:*t)csb,_,lr t .r, s>Ut ;L e , .L t ,;*1, _ L a.; J, ,,:-_l)c*l; -.r+il:- "gil.rle ;L -..*l-:..t u:-i..^ _, ,,,1 t*-,-iL-|, ^. ^, .J; il^. 4 utrtt L- .r*11 , a-_LL 1r .r-:*l..1L.e+ ;)Lrr .rJU ;b),tr ,!l- I a(I, ;l .sl,r.;ty ;LLy- t*) t arU -,, t YY -, U- ! .l=,1,, ., '..,: arr* 5t"-
l_t 4,,;15 a, .5 f,o.,l.e ;V u:-t t I 'Gr- ul;4n.uS u.l\ ,s..r+' ;;-l;l tlS 4-l ,911 ,:J t):? \ ,lJ a-l oL:.t, \6E ;.:t;*l rr,rSlJ 6;.-n ,gl.2l; ,rlJ .t-l e:_J rr, .*l
.n_6el + J-.J! ",k+;rU.,.^1, .11 r-re;l .r--K I jlj _bL .,tJ ;!, 6+ .ll,r,LI * "!, .r_ | .: . ,.-+;r ;) a\- lt -,W i-r-; U. ,.- ,,<
! .,!t-, l'* ! Fe- .., Ljrr ,lJ^r 6 :rS ; .2:.,,)*+ .,li..r..tr l.ri arl; d^..i t l_, -)* ;,,_ I &_t 6; -/
TI
)
fAl jlrt.., OU ,, ,,lgb., ,r;-l-, .YV
crL'" rrJ a;":-.91a 3 u-ly i-,t ) ...(\ 0) ...(\f ) ...(\f )
.(c*l ,.-rY
(Lr r *6tl',,r;i q+" & .sE + p\ eeli i.-n Jl c*l ;.,-2t
..:1 -url; )-r) J, t j'i+ rL-* .--l s.;2t c-tl-2-17-: of
b\) 6-;r;.g\-nele i.r jl- ,J.15 ar csl-t 6h ;.)!...r.::9' L;ir ,15 -^-.; fj't dir;.'i J: .c*t p\U uc;-..G-lb. LllJ);'J u" -:- 'r- b;l;.r, l.t ,fvo-r Jt'l -Ay;;. .a-U r.e.rr.., .:* I .tlSl GS ,:\) ,*-t-.9t-o,119 6- 15
:; I pjY €*y J-l - A rr tri e''-J I .ry tl) a- ,t )).t;;lr,-- 313 sr, )."-t 6t1
.$..-.o o-!iy ir r tS\ -f -,1t i.-u 6z)
,.r:; L e*r .;, (j}!l ;l;;-:) cjt t:*: - o u JlL*;i ,l Ll .,; CE:r-l
gi ;16l;,r, l-tas C:ot )-ol - A 2:
tt-tr, ,lai., l, l4;T ,.:.-; p-r'J -ri-,-)r I l-o13*r - O;,1 ef
.c*l .,U 4- .,U.', ,;L.-L ,-irb al-t; Lt- L j.r,o .ir- {-,!-+ ,r+ .re^.i; orb at ,S-r-:. Jt l -A;*l ,j6;r,-lyt-,..23t a\.s E; t JF ,s\^,:lJ arl, F tsD s tit,.L
.r.u !.r "/K
{U ...n
.--6t u-*;t\t r,;* oU d/-l d 4 .?j
.f:-y J:.1 - A elrrr Jt ,;*l 6- L.f* -,4;Ul\lJ J.- i" JJ-, ,S;rti 1.2 L 4l e"t--r r' ^S 1ts\ eoli
Jfl - A tslt" ;"a -r, .,.-.-! dr::-- ,'Ur 6,-l -2r 1..2 .-u: orb
- ,r,-.;Ul .-l*t 3,:t1 .4 eLJ I olirl \ 6t ,?ftl, ,9'.,; Jln .t--& k,r l2 eL-- cr-l .rJ l+ J.- t.e.r:,r# t-;-l ,rIJ-,- d.+ o,-l t-i ((,).-r-rcr. ,)- + rst .".5
,s-J- p+6 -t LtP irilri YM
-St -\ c-;[,;. l(..ul, i:-;i 6,:lt &tL n) e],...."+ Jt ,'F nle,rl i"'; U ,S ,g,r, 6V- ^. l.s u-,y> tr F,.f.+ .-*l ,rs: ,t-&. .-*l <,-9r...^.o; 6l;1.: r^15 t*s al-.Jt;; u\,i .r-;;.'t; ! ,rr-.r, calt s L) <t u{; Ac
.tj ,r.t t l, ;r*.1 ,7Ui Ar-;;luLi ,q, dl- i1\;: ulyu. l_.7 e.r3, ,rLL,,- .iI:_u-l .:J u--tl,.rr*,r, ,ri L 6,rr .,12y*r 4 \ S ,uu:*.r!-1 .rl 1, l-, u.-,,-r* .gL-rel1 ,f-K jU, Llrl .,1)r-r!-; r,_[ t,l.r|.,;l ;-, d'.. dL* \1, Jt,sso:,a;.;.: 1;l;n <tu;V.- urr>. ) 3,ol,t l1;L; I ;L, rf ;l;.:-r g,_ |
, )t; G. Cr:t ;l; ,-fso:, J_r.l - Aer.f e+j J:Slgl-ojle L-r cD ,*S3-r n-52 ,5 :j ;2o, "3_s u!,L,<rlr-,;L
^: li.r )i .'.12i n-nlS jli.r. ,lj itl ,rn- r*
rij (;ytl ; l_.ly;lr L*; l2 uir ,_ ,..3g_2ltn J (.j/))
r=s.9;':-'."r-;,r. c;)l-L I i-s sal- iot o- + trs\,-, i;12 (Dt)jl .,l.ts." :l ; l;.r. l--r_ I r.') ...(A) ...(f ) ...(f ) ...(y) ...(\)
.(tl; jt_; Al;:.*:(J. o)l-L I j) ozlf o y+, + <,s.r,n i;11 (Dz)
;r1. t (l! 1r Dr -r:L.:*.,.,) ...(0) ...(f ) ...(f ) ...(Y) ...(\)6 u-l- i-" ) ...(\.) ...(1) ...(A) ...(V) ...(t) cvt ,.r.ti
.(;*l ,,_rY
rro-ijyr ,_9 L-. 645 uz;-:- 61,.r)t! 1 -r-j 'olf
,.tr..' a (ar r .,J.2ltn i;le (Dz)
,...(v) ...(t) !e){r r, (Dr -r';L) ...(O) ,...,...(r)...(\):ry;,r,.. (\Y) ...(\\) e2l g.l;'"2\.c + (Dz .lu.;L) ...(\.) ....
Y
l
I
I
I
I
J
f1\ cr,l$t- dL?j -.2r ,!J--,r*1, lV
,s-s t t' J-o\ - A;J q I aS '*\ cr-l fg K
ttrst V ,-,\)t' gJi r ,))-; .--,)t* ;-L; 'u! r.li",: U uui.-;U ,-.r! f{-. J)rl ;lr;-: Jl .tr;u'..;"1 1k,l a, aJ*i ;L;-;r3, JJ.', ,5.ry -r--ol; iX-+ "tL-G;t-,N )V a, -;*l .,-Ll i< u.l r - l! e\ ,r4l Jljl L rp r, p[l gr- I KJg ,.'-2 -u l-r-, uSi t ulu r<t t"
.;*l el+ ,b\) 6-'"r;.5la.11.e 3Lrt* ,St-t' Jtol - A a5 -u-:;L r;b ,lE " a-:^""
;,,12'>\; .sJ7 V ,. at+ J';J! ik+ i;lv ubi 9V,_**:" J.\ - A r+l;-, i-*l d,<- t-K. -h ; \.,1 <g1Jn
ru)) .g*l ;;Ui:.L irl.e al * ,4L.- .:^:-J Kll a Jl: gS :Jt <,.;;4 x ) 4J y r't\ v )\ -;6, Jl,v t 2x 7 6'11l
-\ tfJ a ;l A ;z: d .,-5 l+ lr B J A lL--l .& 63,rL;r :1.: r*lF et Jl ,-1.t ;1f a;l ;: B ,\<i
gir '".o,r" vlr+ 4 nlg;1.:Ul.;-.211 JrS ^-tt <;*l -"--'e
G.- + o. ,911 ,)lt;,-l ..:*l ;2\ix-u17J n tjlt)l l) t t).'-1..t 5 -itJ aS l) Gr*t" g.--17 L, .;*l j'y-t- ;;UbL
J--l - A tt.tj ,-;t.-; ,$rf .":-t \6 ^S ttL\ t-4
lJ u" u";-..- \2 tglJr c*; ;;liLl.; J.o; ^S uc:-rLtr. ,.i,, rK .: L ;U 2, ^S 2 );i ,,,JJ o,l ,.st- + Lr-...-.; Ol+-.-^!.a.; i;L;r ,S):",.5t; ,.ft-:'J.l e,l .--l,.st-,tlJ ;-* ,rjiJ. )r. 6 -h ;t-l + )-l .rLrJL-,7,
;l f--: 2 t,t;^-\2 l-y,,t" ,rt-lj L'-; ,;[ trt uSi t ,]E;
e-b r,+li. t .tp b;lrt l\.
,r; Cl-/_;:*t.fu; ,_.. t*S _p,r- )l S C*, J-.1 _ ArIoU)L rr.r:r- ES X Jl & , Jl u:e Ji * Xn ,*-'$u,! ,frl a1l-u 6;"_l ,glr,..; .l ;,..1; _ A il..r 6 ,_rr. wr,jl "L+.,- .lr.r5, l, tss ---4,,)Y -r--r..r,.!i r;-u r;:d,stsos.,,.J----l _ A \ S ;lu---,'; .gL-o.rly,r,_L... L,l1;
)t; \s. A+.-i 6JJ U4:r-,.*L .-)* rl ia*. ,slr,.;*l ;r(- J9".. JJ^t ,L
^+t r+! 'L; ;l;tal;l +-l t L.- .LU
.r.a.., ,slt t r;\n.Jy.r, .,!L.r.r t+L.;l .i.a), e rr..u;i!L .,lr* l4L-l j.".rr ,.r^5
Ct^" bl j) .!-- ..1 .-i{r trgL;br "91:^-;r.2r d/,- l .,I.al JK_l
l:- V g-1,3. J*t - e;--J ._,:+ .*i,.r- ,:r: + Jt(:l L3 rs "n,s') l; iLrl p.!l,,.1 Jt tse F i-<- l),u! .-,1: +_l .f L^. LrY .51;1 1l n;)_r, dlr^-)) e tr;.,3, ;tL;.--.J 1r rr$ l_2- elrT .i. ^, ,n-,,:i! L el.rr" j,".^,,
., 6!.* "L<i,f g.:. J -yo\ - A o'-l o-Llt .sj u. .,,1) .f *:. Jyl - A
-fl-' --b ,1 .i-* I -. .l-1 - 4 ($!L ; lr,- t4.; L; I i-an ;.21r!
,4 ,l .;-\-- t Q:- rr.rL; lr ijll ,.511 6e*r. Jr-l _A Jl"r.-i,,
L+Lrl ),,_^.r,;rtJ .t5;i ._u-t .r+_ f$Lrt .rijt'6,12 ual:; <st:o:. Jr-l - e Jl .4;u..rJ; ruu-LUjl rr.r,-L;rrr t (!i l.r,D L ;!j r, L': -uJ <Lrlr.r g.u.;6lo,;12eL_L1r L4L;l i ^,, ',tlJ .e la*; ,L:l .9 [:- ,,;y e;l;loL.;l j,;,n t t" 4 ;L;l L ;1, , )r; sl oJ,, ust,s
.-- .l eL;l ):'a ,4t1, , ,rr- J E ,Srt t.rr;.r. oJlr,-
:c*l ;,-l ,-..K; I aF .-t-i .f'lf a bottle is tossed out ol a window, the bolue is deteneslrated,,3 Morton white
t1l ;l.u(.: .,tij r, ,J,:l'-, ,;-l|2 lY
'{,r -b;" ta;i;l l-;l.;l-r.o[- .rUUj ! .,.,[ l, ,, Lt; l.1
":.r, ,rLL; Li-l L-
uc.e;..2, ;lsl:- aU r /' '-i:; Js;;luLi oli .,;-.
;4 orl., 1; +t, - ;.l[ r[irl ;r. .j),'f ,rt -t ,/t IAJU
"-- F ,J--l r, UU (t ,s.l e #i t u1]- i.,ttt*bt
.;--cr'.. ,l,u,.i l-: i..o r5 1.r I,i- I ri;-^, '.2)b r .;-l
J: .c*l -ui-:.2- .lc ;l'uL- ,-'!j r, -"-k u-l 3 riilt'\ g-trr rl5 I & ,s-bt'\t s.22t -2s 1.2
"$;l{v a-l S ul:;l uZ-3. (a )a--t Jai ;t .1-rt/lt1 u*Lt ;X-
,r-rt 1., l{,r J- ofu 6) J ,F_ r ni-l)r. .rx.i- o,-l
.ri ^-rl;' t- -
Y
c-b 4b t crli oJli rqr
.1r 2, .-lL 6,,_
| i1!.2.r ;r, ,; ,-l)a; .lne*.| o_ut .,.L- i.r,,u:l'- lL t f-.t UJ (\lOt)
1..r, ::L t"-b ;;r.a 4 a)L_l
<ss*-r J3eb pN 1 trl .c*l ,! ?L t_r.. ,o)_rph+l ,, r) -ror,r".rL! Jtt J<J a arl-$ +. -,l;-.;., n.r,_L-ll .-o., r,7r. 7_l-; ;lru. yrL._ (tl.rl.r ; L:; Jls* ,_b + ;r^u--,_ .rL ,K+l 4 c\.5 ^. uo;"o-;l_uL; s!; e-L_ :-,r,.;.,.tS trj*t;11 ;i ;l1r:.-r * ,?sos" Jr-l _ A ;tJ atVl,?. J_V ,* S4\;.lr ..isl;, b lL d.:
",, p.,, iJLl
Jrlr.. "U 4.,, Kl C;-. b\) e,L_;: { ,l; .J; , ;))u\ at t* rlts.6,_l _.2r .-ur,r, u.;; ,r.;2.r,r-*tK; t ,uU
9 9l .r;jl J-. * d* ., bl-c a r2; 6-_ta g.Ll', *1.
1r.9 lltilrr, el * oJLz .11 ;, el .:*l -r,_-r=- ,[L- i*-:;
Two Dogmas ot Emprri-r) <r-,-r-l *- 1.1 ,.U r, ;lrlla 1r J,\S A^. .l,r[te ,\14\ Jl- r. ,\j) phitosophicatReview jI1-
_2r J.2l ,(<cismFrom a Logic) .,riLt ,lC AJ i,j'! jl -lj' ,, |)-;- , J,, -i:i (f I L- y .
iJt- r +J n+V c4r.+-r :,F l, (\1tl Cy') (pointof Viewi-j.Jt -l.j5 rr ((Carnap and Logical TruthD) <,]-iL:,, u=l1 2 _N;\SlL l0A eLiz.\1tl) , (The ph itosophy of Rudolt Carnap) 9U-.2K .iJs;-1
-L-J ;1.-r ,r J,, c- u. J {P A Schilpp) =\- ,rr1 } ;r, ,S ll .,
11.r.l=I*,-r' pU r,;[JUi._2: e-.lt,-tttt rEil r (lyy t- 1\O -l-;)The Analytic and Synthetic: AnD) n J-r_,,, Jrli.=. ;LG 9 ,*- ,urg;u-t - ;:yl:J (John Dewey) gzJtr Jb elj-( rr ((Unrenabte Duatrsm
c;t- ... 1t 1 ;,11 ..,15 p: o4 t (\1d. jrr_i) ,(Sidney Hook) J,,\10t C-y') ,(Toward Reunion rn ph osophy) , i li rr .:.r.1- rL:.,;li-Jt -UJ .;: 4-\g ^.,..j- ,:;i"+ l_r: )1 .r-t .:".,j (\itl !)ri)rltrl J,.;,)rI)J (A Modern tntroduction to phitosophy) rliJi , s.ljj
.*l ",r,.1 (Al in, ,\1tY) ,(Arthur pap) eLrr,-)l r (paut Edwards)
rlO .9,lu JV.r' ,-)# s--L 'YA
tJ-$U ;- L-p .2t 3 12 n-,lr- L..2u g;r.L; ;;! >tr
blle:-:l Lt'f, Jft - c 'u--& P , tt)s. )g +
115 r l6iL i-r- t )t l-1 4l;6,-l r5 llb rr-.1 (.rlL.-.11
y ,2lrA16l;r. Kr_l .11 .in .8c bt ,;1y'15112. ,L- ,;:ra
o-uLi o-21y'1;l;r' e9s: )) rtrJr ..rr; .:11jf ,r-.,-L .pl:o.2l-r> ist ll1 -T 4lr.rl5 .,1--* 1.?*y J3,al -C .ttao.ijl, jl -r.;[ o;U * or.i, o.r.rLi-. r-r 6 -u:,r. \' St]c*l ,a;t; 9_2 ;,i .21 <,-2lr- ).2:n;l uoY ,p: ;.,,_l .i.*;:.13,.
l4i.2r .;11 ;,-l 6 +-); d.,)t + i..r s25t 2t 1.2 6T ;l; o- 6i.1"t-:.- "2: k, Jr- ,2ly'l5lael,- .rra -,t5 4 .r-*,t jVjtlT 4t" .c*l or[i:-" I .!U o-2lr'- L..,,, .r!L )l ,g.Yr-21: :e.-..p j;lf '+> I ..r.: .r,.L .r-L r.n ,i .r,-1 3 121: :2..2
L.1;Jlr- ,i-'rr te-l Slt .re-;.r" .,,t*t .?-U p,;i .9VL .l)l eL" j.r_/ orrl ,t5 + ,.! ,9 j ';lsl oj[i )LtS .gLa.r.;,.-rt, ,s -b pp + sptat J*l - C jlr + 1".:+ .r_l
4t: cl*,.sL^. ,-r-l $ ;;S 6l; o- Ll ,rj,J,r. *r" <,-2lrn
- c c*l oi" .+l .2r -r,--r- ,i l.r.oL!. .S.r ,-!.t5 1.2 ;2lr-,t_l ** J::-- I e ;L r5 u: d-) rJ d!_-b ,?yy J -y.l
.tS n9l plLU;l p#,Jl-ei,.r.; ,.U 4 ;LJL.2
';;r d+ .r, ,.Jtr
jl jJ'- j;ylS 1e,.a, (\ldY ..r*. ,._rlc ;rLJl;y_b) y'o -l,.rb a;l-.;l r,-r.h; ..il- )U;L
.sl.++:, ctf e(ri ,4_ I 6l;a 1., o.J.c q,L 4 .r_lrrlr,t nste ..rlr .,.iL; ,b tl: s i1 +_r,L; .9lr4l1 ::J 4.1;
YAJ.;
,/J*t ,e\'s-E c*i t
r ,#-- crr 61_V :r., * l.r rr,U-l ,FJ" (-_l ;l .trr;
.215 o}(i c*l p_rY l.r-l ,4r eb, & 6k t*_t t .#t,.rr.; 6 sr-o. .,'rU ,-r_l ,l ,\-_l ,rl- r*.:t I rj :J.r, l_r
...'U rr ..-l: 6l;4 QsA ,.gLo.il.p) b..r! - r )l ,s.V,;;3 uLot 2r 6 .rrL L.o .*d aL,tr - ;,,_l ;l"uLl,*__-, ,s6,-jl: d* dti*. !12 i.^ S ,rt ,."j ,r,_tE 6zji..ul.,u: ;L ,=*V ,t*_r. Jr.l _ A.\*r t ;l.ul-l- 6U;\r.-,+, J.S -t.& @^ ."r.relL. L15 b U-l ,l t",rb _ I Jryr-SiJ I ;l.l-r, (lr,+)) .ns9r-S(J [r .!-'J.,11 .r- I,r 9l1 .g lr1
,:lr.r v!- ij'-- .2:6 c*l c*2: 6,,,_
| .:.21-r; r.9..p <,rJl;.l.4_ :_* ll :r :-*;,,_l e5 rb g-i t ,J o.uLL 6r-tg .- lul-:- J:J o,_l Ll ,.:*l .-,,.i ;r>-2 t, ojt>.;: .;1rSJlJtt ti t l(.,+t".jb -T )l s,4:--+ t Gr+ ,t*, :rtV
.I^)!r,
lfv lrJ.hj AU -,,, *S u-12 '\A
1.2 ,9 );: ,5,6,;le ;* ri l-i- \.1t., 3 errtv ,-+r.r. Jr.l -J _r-l - A ,;;L:- 'u.+ 6 .:*l .-rIJ.',,- ,gl,rlf .uS n u"",;.-^*ri J"!! "lX.-
;-r,oL; 6* ctu )t ,- .lt .sl. 6r:tr,;L-lr atp ,)ljs u.l .i:*l ;SU ,s;-- iJy;t ,)V ;ae^) s,l.rAL; tlf S )):L^.iL ; .l-, -r, L ,;_1,0.;le;L; l1 <.pl:"r t K)?));L ,-*L- t (!--+ ,-bV ,a*itr:-t ;lta\:- ;1, ;l;;-r !
" l.:,.r l, ;L g,-L.:*l
8 "r$ ,a-1t ,st:oy J -y-l - A ,rltc tS,.- t--V 9 .:J;2t. 6) .9 t-r,11.2 a5 ,s,L ;r\; 4 ,, l.r ,rl.k ,s.l,;lJ
.-rai \.,a+r-:J- ;j.fl;r l; 6.L ,- L;
-T :r- 8 c*l g,-l t-L:. t-;u. -h + S ,s -* ,]jl: Gyos. Jr-l - A i;J2 ;*l ofu ek- , ,f*y J:-l+ l1 .r-b:- I L-k 4 jl_; rl S e*l .;2r ;,,_ I .-ur ;L;ltl ,/ q rVl_t s ,)- \ Cr-r. Jr-l -r ,1; ;\-,.9i-o.,1y .,i;.r d e*l !trJ+.. .,+li'.i, LlKr*.t o,_ | ,K J-LiF .r*rU I L-ur . ''- :: e ,--rb ,..2 6l;l: G- 6b.: I
-;a-',-, JL>L_) ;-\.j.; -,::.-- rt.6, J,_ e--u.o ;"_l .;*l .,,L;;i.i-:-,_-,-;.91-.o.;l.e n5 )r;€ ,r& L--h
"t-.r,Lj .,1+ o,_ I
.r-:- .9i;1r .-*-[..j]: r/:,-- tJ"r; ,rfi ,ftU -r_b + ,]lo
.gb.;l.e 6;*l .'LL-;l ol;r*r frJt:6 u-l dl .r;)J s, rz:L..'.;:' .-i.5 L"r" 6_* rk-1 jl
"r_l^,,,: *. | ^,-): ,5e4
,tt 6-f ,r )*.,. c!{,r(-} l*- I .-r-r .r+ .r,4!l..4" .-,. 5-..l cI ;r l; Lr )t ,- ,# a ;S r-- <4r...- L;t ;:4.;s- ts: a kS J.a:aD .'a*. 2,> -,121* e ,r;l.t 6tU.; rr*tiJ D
A)2, pr;- , \r); ;*;lri yv
i-u.o: ;L:; {e J-, e 1 t, }Uj a-l S ",LrL;;l ,rz*
,r-Ll , L;r-; -l)j i_r_rr ;Li J-t .;a I , ;,_rl;+ 1e*l ,1i:.-uk- .i,.,;.., .9yL ,i,(--, ;,1 .r.l-_ ..:ulr_};ol_2r;r g,_1 .c*l riilll F ,l + .-uSr*- .,lr;-.r cIJl, 6i .9tr. :;l .a. ,).tt-.: A; ,2 tS ,,.- ^ .-r_k t-L
;,,, I aL5 r );S s^ ,J;,.-uLi i-.i,a.,2r ,r..,L:- .9LoL ,"
c-'ri .,-le L_-b 4. tl* a tljrl r(..: ,.9 *.--;UL_rl,t\UL ,e--b )l tl:,,t;l-uLi .gi,r.rl.r ;l ,rza ) :$;-) ;l Wi ;l r rS ,*- 6h +r, .et,Lr, ., .e_cE!, tl alJ t l+i;l .r ur, ,K.,., -LB r, [+.;y , .-rr_rl.,-
.r\r".1 ;,- L ..irL- l^; n ir.r_,, ,s J-_, ,g,_;
.{; t Jl...r)t-. dr.? t*;* o,J t+ tjL! {U-
.lrlr 11-- .)Ss, .-€-a ,{":l ,r(..; ;r,l ;l ri,..*l .',L,j,.,6l ..;L, J<- .i L l, + .(' .JX.+ u__ ; .l_)
;21;3 ,sl;B L+rFl ; ". Jlr..:*l "gl.rLx;,j.lSii,!! {.!lJ uJl; r2l;.J x ir31_r:.;1., .4U;
p_Y c*l ;:*l_2 - L.I-. C-l ^S -*l y:;2_, n.u*:; s.lrr(Jl;I u:*1.1+ [- r.:l+ o-?..r,;1,b,j ! jL i.1\_;.t ,9;a e^*i;L.:*L + 6) 1.,, .'_k o\oly-cr 24lt p*. rt.S) ,r-S j .r).* jl (.x:-1, ,u-,_; cEb,jlr d= jl t^,j 1.,
5.rl.r;-- (; I d,:- .J.?lir+ J-;.t! A[1; i.irLi ,r1_r, ,Lj+* l,
lnternationat Encyctope, ,.r^r.;rb slJlO:i .-iJl&Jl;;b jl Ji Jij .\f:1, -,,J ,.rjL pp ,Jl. ijl;- :V !JL-j .t J- ,(dia of Unif ied Science(Fundamentals ol Concept Formaiion in Empiricism Science) (llii
.rA !' Yr ;[i!, (\1Oy JlS._: )
-Lr[t
.r)t-+
rqc d;t ,iU ..," JJ-' ,r-l-7 lA
,, ! +-L- u14 '5ta--u;i )Ut +..t;*l L2t:-lq+ ;)q))
.r*rt,c-, eL-;l .r- K. J* 2, 4-l,t ,t'-rK. -b ," l, "lJ ,t-l
$ ;i: t*-tr 'lS
itJ lK.:" Jrl .Jlo.rJ .r:J by olL-
6^p .); r;; lrr, ,C.;lr l lr.o -r,-r ; I'r-- )r +)t- tt-J.. ,-f,.r:lrtl A l) ")lJ 6,- I rt.r.,e.j .rl'r:' ,-r'-l .t: J:;.tr d .tfur:rL t 4t otJru- J-p J) /7 s.,, ,t-66 B ,)fjl : F + + -J p, d1, r .-4 ,-,; JL;r -r.*r;e;
6l,2lJ r<B ,Ki e Jt, .*; it\J (..r.l rslF ), +.)?,rlJ .y_l l-l .# Cl--l ;^:; tr:e L-p ;l ;l;u. a ,:*l
,)t+ L-; ,.,1J ,,r--l ,-ttV;L;i ,-;X .;9u-..-*l ;:*1, A J i-;b.r, yt .-r."i -1-r. + \1\1-,r ,u1u-tS
r.9r .r- I(r '^.J-o 9 1 ,; .5ieal"ii urct .\g-j ,;lt;l ;l a"z;\J L".io.- ,",-i _rl it-,' B Jl ..*l e:*l;;8 6 ;iL;.>L-,h'- \-t +.t-l .'t6"'Lt,; <4.15.;i eJl>
"!7r) .)r or; cl-; .l ;i;l <a "l3il A;:bt 6 lt;=1 ule"cl_*: + ,-,6-tl-- )_r) I -^-; L--h B a-l a-11\ .:Ju.
.c*l JU .9 r;-,- 61.2 : ,ts-r/ Jr- *iE ,-g$lr*'
,-.,! f-=5 J\ J6*) "15-:;
., l1 A-S- t)'"1 r.ol;:'". JlL-}; Cr., J*l - C r - r J;L P;- )l ''-, F-&;L-rL .:,lrQ;l {-;r ,r!- .J,L lJ,, e(.,21., rj''..1 ;K.l g,-l .c3;-l': | ,,L; ,,,.4 )r l) B .,)l: a:-l; cJ,- ,;l.r.oL:' ,!i -,'A
s-b' 4t;- _e.9p ;lri tlA
+ lrtU -,-b r ,Jrrl-,-)r-+. ,r-L-2 r14; 6'-1 3 r;'e\; .s.>J u,F (.r!t*) .,,_[a. -lt. ,,s rr-; e:oy Jy-l _C ^L*:Jr-l - r .)J.;.,. e Cb G- nS; ;l .r!J-,- o)* 6-:lr
.tS , upsor^ Jrol - A slr:c. +. sl31u- l.; a,-): cL- us'-,,.${ ct -r.-- .glu la.;le T i nli,.s^J k+l .r:t ,r.r
, C*s. Jt-l - C )l lt ,f tbs. Jr-t - A j ti,./ Ui
.r(J -r:t;; ,JW +. ,tr-r. J,-l _ C cJl lr;ei ; rjrr + ,t) O<-- t* Ui2.V;r;1i ;*, r .rlr .s!Jr-l - T ! l, t_b pl.; u*l 1iy .bul: _ rgel, (-u.U ,-jU;l a.); rV $,r>;,r:,.7_f rS + u'-r.r Jyl_C:,f *yJ*l -C t st rar. Jr-l -I Ji t-i .*1. _,>: * Jjb* | +- !-ur,r, l; J-ts' ,f*:, J*l _ A L + Cr-,6- e*.r* lL- L gll 2r ..,*l st1; up l,rS .*.;l.c>$l ar.-; .tt )2 ,1-1,'_;1i ,*, ^. ,9): ,gla,5lj ,912. l_2
t \s,tzt Jt l -T 7r+- ,t-1.c.4.; I .-^.i ; r a, r,j .;51,ip+r rf rlLa ,-'rr .x5; ,gl,;lJ I \,f:oy Jr-l -C
.-u1;l arlj e *:, J:ol _ A r;il j; s; l^,lj: U-lJt-l T p!-r<. t{ ,p} ,$rf u-rr lJ {;<j o,_l Jtj,.4_uz;; 6'| + ,rsu L-h ,Sr-t J:-l c t a:tb:,t .$s-> .tS \ €*s. J*l - A 6li-" +. ,*_);.,lrl*,- ;)t -rF!_r.r,iL-,!3 \ :,?*-r J_y.l - C s - r )l ;r L_l
-j-*- +t; tit+ ,.,1.+. L-5; 6\3rt- ,; .S n_jn 94+'Vr- ,r*..t* | .rU*,-.++ al r..&. r:lto; U_i .r3*,r,
!r)t-L I .l-+ u-.-ru 66,;12 i- + 6 o4 6,V- ;*V4 ,t-t i,.L; .s t<=*"+" .J,q :r,; !-*l ; .1.2 ,t;u.2. Findlay Freundlich
f . \ ,sh A\).2: ,rl-J.ru- ,r:-1, .YA
J,n* F, .,y.- a5 .rJL ;r ,.r-e,1 G-. ;t .lt , L'- ,rr--u
.r:r!,'5U.J"L- .r-1 .L.o rl -,1-l +L- I F .st_r .rk, J- ,l_, .4_
,-5,qr+, ts2^:3 ;*l;L".g,.t; ..slatl., t LtJ r,t, t..r f- .rl-r.r ,,.,-rl) dLi .* .r -*: rL-i )) ,,t JJLL^6t^: ^L: fL t .sl.t ?
"fK;; a, l; a.,,L dI ;l-ltL; "9r>..r ,r--l-r.rL; .91-.j1: k-- .r l ;, of ,; ul ,s )+ 'r" Ga
.S sk ,91t,;l2n ,;K ,:ly tr :":t aJ.l4 .r,j; AL ,siL,'r:: s rL; .gL-,t.;r; J": d ,.r. F i )t ,.t)-\5. jj- "r*Ji,., .q; iJ:* t ; ^: ,rs. ,: s-h "\,, J,_lrL; ,J]lJ.c*l .tbl;\ F .1, .rl V\ .'21u" u:. ,,1 e b;!j eL- i,_z,sp a;la";|, il .r+.lr ---1 ,1r1, jL- )tf oi rlL*n ,rrs1L g9lt";11 ,s-s, ,s;l.-
",.,L. dl^r*rrr, kJ+-- * &
#, C-- r l9l- e r5,r" ,rL ,!* | glg etj cr.rrr;6,/ *_ & ;!, ,t t; Q;i ;t;,,r_
Grt ^Lz 11 .:l;;, I L a5 ,;[ )rt uA., {< I r;:+- dr.
ii tt*". a( ; | ,r.o l; o,_l J, :+ F lr /.L- ir_l ;l,,'.t uP; ;*1t;- ;L,o lrJ., tL- + ,S L--t u,_L ullSl+ -S-' ,t-6 t: orf -,,.71e ! ,l;,r, \sh a\) > l) ,:,J tl; '"-); e.,.,;1^+ .r .s}t .sl.n.rl: JL cr- ,, e ,,eI e*,
'j L;" I(; u-L-, e: i--c. r*- ul r-:s' + , _b c\ I qi_ I L-
c d-+: ,6t*'" J*\ -T b L,n- _.a_ r jt- :9l.rr5-J- *-; -xTCLL " -by J>-t _ c;;r ,.,.r.-_
'*l al* "
t|
c-b 16 t aF oo,lt 1..
.tt- Cl -'-*l
^:-b et G-- TC ut+ l;.1;4 g tjJl .;:*t c ) r r^S j .il, L.- @ ,\<i A Jl,,;.,6 u_trU.jb, ;.rtJ a1 -u:.r, ;j) ,trr6. eror^ J*l _ A;L-o C 1 r6 ;*l ;a51 J: ,J ,K;
";); z.,tf .gL_ ;lr- r na .K;i.q
Jl , ;*l ,rJ; ;l-ub ;1.; _2, ,,11r! dr_ | .+ o*+ c,,_ I
,/;t'B t c. lu l, A I Jtu.,rLir J-;Jq;Q--.-l"uL-.r;,s. Lr , ,)tf JS
.-X; o,_l d.r;f Jy-r--t l+ i;*)Aj A", ,tt_S
'ltlr .9L- * It uJj r ,rLL; d):.. i-k ^J ll"Ji' ou?JI
L-t k ;;l i;l + )s + & ak.,!j ,-,:. ;: ut;u-+t ..r5 t''l "l.r -r-L; .rrtr--*l o.u .r1* r!; ap, t .j!..rrr gJ.r .r7_.r1 ;l-uL; olj ;r!_,, l.; 1* 4-l g xn ;\)l.r-'.1 ,Se r+l.15 +K; cs} O!, i;L1r
"-j._rirr- 1-2l:(b ,tfyo:' J*l - C ., - T ".K2" .jJ; .5, p a, .c;1.,..r5.,. .-i5 ,l; \-tS
's,tr ;\t ! ol+ 1.,, r, l, .,._L-.r_1,J*l -c: -r ;+t d a -5l+ .pt, ;|- "Jo- -* ,lrr cs"* t+l ;t 6 S d do ,-r4 s, + tst-h l-t ,scy.:.F ,;+ .li, o5 .,,to,L* u:-12 alr,L9 _r.;; L u-:; L . L;-.
The Theore)) (!*rr., ._.1.iD .,1i, c;-- !j1 ..; fr. r L[.r iJLL _r, ., .lMinnesota)
l.Lr ,i.;Ji -.2r Ur- l=" ;l-Jl-L, _LJl 1t ((tician,s Ditemma
,\10t .t-r* ,. ,K-.:J l, - l)L::j I ) (Stud ies in the philosophy of Science,r;i, (Michaet scrivenl ue-;!_l Jlt, .|(1U _r,t;,.12i,J lp, !_-,2r yL;-,ls .91-rr5 6lil ; l.1r ;-.; ,r.]r:.' (Grover Maxwe|) Jy'Llmplicatlons ol Carnap's Work for the phitosophy)) (i__b j ; ti',,ryl,rf1rne enilosophy of Carnap) utjrK j.iJi
-Ul:rr .15: ((of Science
.j_t "r-;- r:r- ( \ I tf ) _-t-.j ..,i)i .-J,
i'Y 6h rU r, ,rl.b-,-1, YA
y.l5 iL? uJ,- 6,- l -r,-i -2s t-*1.2 ^-b ,rW +l r:' !L.; I
,s-W t F ji (.'1;L-) ,r,-L- ,r-l; oja ,-*l .'LI-,-,L+ rr J r^-n +. ,;\J;,-l ..:,*l sh aln,;l: 1911 ,L; 1eL;-
.;--t ^,_);.rL fF- _ L 4; ,r.l , ,rsi)V * ^TC:rC ..., -_ ,-f :-:, J-l - A U-l )+- r.::* JL;* ,s -h ;L.r.1' 6-St rl lr,.rlJ-; sl"":lJ al -r'n-'.r";K.l
;-roLi L k-; .-*.-l, s3a- e:*l u31 'tc 6t.t oV .gt,t y.:. J.\ - A ,zS tSlA^- r,t Ll :-';;.r. d.,:., .,q+ ,F
.ry -r,o 13.- .rrg,- ,ui., ;l fF - L o-lL.; .)l)
.+,* ft+-,;l-r'rL; nU ,-rLL., .-1* r:jL-6;',.'-i-ljq? ;)!)., tt,/* a, ,stfy J-l - n
"l o* a5 ,-.71, :j.-..e
,j-f et-j' J-l - A .c-*J )rL,-lJl 6L ^ l\ .:'-6 rst
6;rt ,1lt.t s* L-; St -r.:; L a:-:; L )+2 d6;:i Jl u-$ n)*s, 6V:; i-," dlJ , 3 ('s*rr .rL;l t+l a ,5, r,.; l^++.-o clJ ,: trJ -*. r, , ^-.L gh ,f*:. J:,o\ t'66t:t a. rF *V\ e y:,
_J y-\ L .-u; ,a*- "9t+-.
:
, ) u .;-,' .-*t s +-);.,a- ,L(;i ,;:- 4r.r,l-r.rLiL + Crf .,q+ ;)!), 6h Ctar^ J.-l - A ar-l r*)rft--$ rr i ,?r.:' J-l J-l .+ ) Lt-| I )V ;' ti u,
Q- 4 --! -r,!;rl2 uW u6rs i , ;*l ;*|2 ^'-pl1 ,s); ,s\a";\.K,i ,.ut ,,br-t ;,V Jl ^S
;*l a-l 6,L-J
.tS Jto "_): 2t 3 ,-5 ll-,"* I ,.s,,-b n-\
p+b eF ;l "S \,"-P A' L* .1 2;*. )..oi -2t
.e-tj tf-sl.-u:.,. "[:; i-=J ,k+ J at-r-.r,- A \s.-- 'S-b
l2 'rC ;t,gVr 4. - , TC L_)br tt.tglst4rS,Lo,i;l ;r
.-e-J, ,-+U. ) 6); 6o,li t .\
+f-+:, I TC L-JI,J t- 4;11 u^2t .1l: elFcr, i+l I )).p-, ;,_l .,u.1 r,Jr ;r JrL. F.rE- q r+i :Jt 15 rS )r,{i--*.
dL-.6.J1., j'"-6
.s lri {! Ar )L*- .Fr )La t*.i-+ rl r:;-,F^;tSy;t )V dlr J.Li l_t ,ftos. J*l -A -,6 .r-b f k6l-r."*. .r.* d r.: [ .91,.L- -r,_L F' il.: -l! ,rJU ,-f r..^.:; ,grlr jLr a5 rrL 1.^a .d ,! l, *--b FG [_ ;l-uL;,!j el,- r, s^r: .r.a.,.,, 1,Fl l;;i5 ."_l
't +. 'TC ,5;,_r '+1.*-
S ^+I t ,'j,rt,;r 11 ;L;L_; 6"W 6 ,\"*;l-r.nL;€ .stt i4 ."*,r aV ,t-6,y J^;l! ,.,k ;-,!..,, {,!;-l ;.r 1-o"rl3 (t ,ll ,r:f ,-,.n.r,r- .r_b ,91a";12 ;l ,9,*;al* \ ).t otc
u;,a ,61,r.L+ :-.,; ;,1 ,. .trl-i; ,r.: {"+.1._-,.r1.r. - L.- + ,Fr L FG u"*r, J--l
a-7-.; Ar 2 Fr +l- s, $t ;l'lL:- fC L*h ,ff,111, \.; Lor:* l; ;r,l S l) At ;J* jlj'. ))+ JL .rrr,r.O'2* ,Sz 2 Sr iJ* p 7 g;l;l a, lrJ 6,_1.u :;L,r..Slu J* 7;lJ ,tl.t'",.-.;; l1 sz'U!- s, 6U,-l + n(.rl.I"+
flr:-l .rl:;i,[-j L lr o,_ I :.9.'L "]9-;
I .-ul Lt.r. <Sr.K;i S,
{ O,_;;,)L '=:j ,t_l + .de.1L rrsr lszr -a ,.rU!c*l ;rLc TC L)' 4 \SlJ Ar .rc,,r. "lal -
A ;:J 4-2t,jl
ETC)TC (Ar)
,- l;Jli jl Jt' nJ..- ;,,-l a5 rrr;L;; -.r;.r, jLl .,
5 Fr jf- ,.,, ,,rS!i .-tr,*. lL; .--.* "k+ )l 6r=,SL-J :n--$ eGr- Ar ji*.c*l ,-;{: ,-uL.a ^TC rs r., r|.+ rL^st-b 1,, ,sJ;i.sLo.;13 -r,-! "i.(i ,-urt c*11 ,s r,1 'n*. 5l S
-Y
,4,
-Y
1.6 eF..'! j ,, J*b 1r*1.2 YA
- .r: I.r r11j" (i ;:\ ;l d-q+L ";; -Sl -9' ;-b 1l ..ur,r,
J--l ,\<.i - -u;! L:r, GUI ,e;", ;J-. Jl -5-"';-,F +
..u! Lrr, xnt Jl ;j-) c*l ;-l; o-r* )l -)air- ,f t tt* G- C:-:. J-l U-l .ri 4l r, (..:*l ':*t (A) B)t
'rnr,r", .9,^b .51,0.;11 ;l e PN.lr L sK*. -&-' ,.: o+-#
s.? r' ,, la;l i.r .r+:
|**y J-l - A aL_ slio *. 'T))TC gL- llt i : $r
;l.uL; J\) , setet J2.l - e )l S )rLl^,) TC 6lJ.
b\) , set2t, Jzl - A ,!'" nJ -,ld b ,.;-1 (r-;'*,r, ;;lrrr
- A ,-r.-; L.r. ui1f , '112.51.i- i1!;, ,S i:" ,SU-; ;l-uLi.-gt-o.;l1 .91; ;1U_.7.: ;Lc1ll ; ,s -b ,-t\; tslt ,-**:. J-l6-- I .-r.rr.r, qjJt).)Sll ;l-u.ry <;er5ll J* ;\ tshjl ;/ pr, s44;; AS -r.r).," il+l L { ,r i,; a, .,I")lt I
)...>;J Ar L:):. .l-l - A ;l I ,/-Vi G*-,g-b -)t-". .r,; I .rIJ-; ..i;r; .r.
.2t l-2 ;;\.1 - A ,9V-. 'LiiJ., .r( .r;1., .rj-. -1 .rK-l u_l ,y51
^S i:*l i*lt - A ,-/t: .I^+ ,4_ F^, eb, * ,J-ti ,:!,
"\) uotot Jt-l - A t-- Ctoj' J 3,.1 - A /e )..,-- L ,.91.i ,rl, .5p ,.t\.t L^ efs. J.-l - A I gl-i.rL;
-A .,1 ; j.; I v,,'-A l-- 4 ..l;L,l .- ,l ,.t.. - - t),;i .r L:r, -A n s "u; L c*1-, - A I rI* Jl .t;l e*lt
.e:.J,r .J; L.ln) C*r. J.-l - r a.,_ e yo:, J:.1 Jl LL , Jlpp.-t), j,6)L r rr,l.uL; rfeyJ:-l_At(st;,f :-:. Jyl ,' I l.; <r;-l; - Pn ijls ,_r'.uL .r.-L; ;)-
,tP p+li. ) 6P i;lt l.f
*t- s-l Jl.(,,,rb ;L; oi ^La \tr- l-, e;"j ) .g.:b ; Li-
t,L;-l ;lr;o l: +b ,t-l C*y J.l - A e-& h _t, l_:
,;rS ult(A-t)
^(zctt (!c2) (!IRr) (3R,t (JR3) (JR1) I. . . c, . . .(r... Rr Rz., Rs .Rn. ;...R;' Or. .02 ..03 . R2 . .'. O. . . .O- . '. .tJ[.. Mol Hvmol .,.Temn- -
Press Mass Vei .. :... i"-oo' .oz .03-. press ..o.,..b^...1.
"fslr- l( t*\ ,.s)+ Jq+ Jl 16,r C*:" J-t ,t_l
..r;';; L u-:;lr r_r..e (.-j lV t acs^+- J)) I+" .s,_L ',1 c-L-
;: ot-:; ua_t:t e-...O2, Ot;l_raL; dbF 1 , -9-S- * 6Press,Temp,Hymot, Mol ,g ); crl".ii. ,t(i *:;L L;r" t, );.t;S u" ot-o "._j; _2" 3 -i:,u,r-.r,L-.,;; et" J=fu Vet,Mass,.;---4 ,sl,rlJ ;y-- o,_ I (t^+- ,S c*l ,'a- ,.1 ,t_l r+,el) ), oa;-;- )?, ,-;; ,,t; 4 \l* c-; t J n S uSU;; t rsb i1l2 J; o,_ I .rJ.,. Jr.- L_h,l a5 J;b r3.-..2
L) e, O*. Jj-l l(t_ljl & + u,L- _a;,:- 1r7L<- .---* (,,."b .,^-) 6):* e?,_91;lr l,o";le arl ,ti)l .r.ar\ z^ t 1.-i.rt \b S* g,_ I ,: i-o";1.2 a_l aS ,9'r2.* *:. J-l ,r_l .,-:_r;r,l r .c .l ,st*:",I-l _e Ct-l a-b-ru;; L a-:lr rr.: loj*- ..,,_L- "l; + ! 4 Jl r,_J rs. el, ),,r^ ,st) +! .sF '"jl) .;; ji .Ki ,.l;:t ,ero ,,-); ;, 6lr L-r ,l ,l .4-L- ,,; .{ J5- 3 ,s,rr .i J aS r;j,:.,:+r (-t "l ,l .r,Q-t- ;. -51 elt 1.r .rJ J'!r ,,u.rr,r,
r;j )4.91{-_b ".:;; .-r15 r.e-r*.. \ ;tt, gf:zt J.- | ,-u;t.,
sS g6;)t )t ,j.."U :4.Lr ;i jr .rk:_L- -:; 1 J-_k
1.Y aF atrj .,', J=r ,r-1, YA
r ,(c*1, Jlu t-bl? t) ,r'U.*, ;5le;l )1,r* ar bl*f-; :;D r;-;*;., <;..;L - Pn i)l: ,-9"t i"h tl ..-rrr, ,S: (tlrsS t t) r*^-.b - A )S .r"\-+ -:s,trst tS t ,-)t"+ rl:, . -^ , If\r I IU J)br CtoJ. Jro o-^ i ? ,5tS ol- ur-1.2 Jli-\,
,,- l 1r , o.r-r.r dr=J (rJ,.c ,l a -3-' ;jr t- ul--,.c 6-Ll O'jlti.;^l e;;, uJ*, i)li :l.et
i-21.-2t uo3"+ 4J rt! 4:.-) a-l 1) "-rt Jr pal:-s-\=a; Dr; t\;;^:, cf y.:. kl - e t ;ir- a,'-t - A i--F'I):.,- * ,Ve,,rL .lr ,,rl-" + Gt- It a-h ,.t-l .7\ ^;;1,.:, a-zJ L .4.,.-. rlll ,9);:.-,!j -.,., .r.-r c}e; i-l;.,..-l ^S pJu, J,t' a;1.a ,7t- eL-r .'!^! ., o,lri uii+* 5;l-r, gi .91r, .gl.rJ eU J.'- .t, ,';-,;.e c-l p.{- dj-J-U ,5 lr J;l{"+ lLii i-l j+ -,,-[ ;,t'.r -* ,rVo,-; ))ri-;.-; \a;- ,c*l ;l.raLi .51,t.;le r'; 2 a;p ,96,;le
L- .-,7i .:J,-r ,y! .ri .d "Li*, ,rrl,, - L L-lr; a-|,rr+'. 2
d',,- I d4i-,- JL -r rl ,-p. LW .(r*.; .,JFl ! ;*l .,erA l
l,; l+ Lnucsbs, J'.1 - A +r- l,4.a" ! lr +.q F .lr
"::J- J--';-f L..*l .-:-; l+ J- "l-, .r-l ;.' tK-l ;35L
4i t'* rJJr .,riK:r,l \ Jl A- 3 ,*l '37e, J- .1, nf
. +.: Ji, te illJ
,1 , ;y-\ 1;.:,, gr .f
.;.i:L;l ;1 Yf
:J ts l\l?
elz, pW ) 6); r;ljt t.,
1 - g-tg :S+ l; l4i '-
l; (t ,t-l ,tr 6,1 .;: -.:*l .r*-;$;, e, t Ao, Fr uc2br^ Jnl - I c. l-) - p ,-&-, c,rV,Ll J<- G-,-,TC J)L'1".i:- At 2 Ft I r+i ;l Ll ..-_l\ l,t Ltt e:-:^ J*l.L-n Jt<rl ,,))+ bl, L/,-r::-.o l_};
..rb ,Li Ao .9 fCit; 3 Jtt u2r-,t: ;;\ .)');; 7l;l oLlt.rl .+l.r;*: r,.r^Ic;t,, eL_;\,,G,,r r a:*-:.,-l.rJcr! 19+ a;-r ,,1 .,r_lorl-r ;L::; \-YA ,-$;;, l; d;.r,:, a.:-r
L')' -A
d..,-L -^(Jl,-olt)
(J..) c'.-u -r
\_rA J6-:
,;l-r"oL; , JL- ;).* t JU ..,IJ .S+ f:...- ; e:*l ,s j.,,(; o)* ;l _,7., orl.r;; (t AV t. S Jl* : 6h,;; ;;12 ,tS O ,Lal;. ,,_ro;;r,_l ,r .:ri.lr;. ri ,2_5,L La . r.- ";,1 :;*l .*.; - .l (Jri*. -f - An ,91r, u1; .rl".t 1 uus;,+ p:* ,tl s23, -ss <t:*11 - An \12 ot J-).:/ b + ,f*
J-; .,tv! -,,'' '9 "-r'llK;\j 104 -l-;) Jd r
\104 jJLi- r) "lte It J-
.l=- f 6l^1tr- ,, , "i.-
v
r*.J,-rrq ,Slss\
yq J-;g.rVT o;1r,3
<c-)s.l ,-.-.t,- e-L- + .9rL-; t)l,c '; S -s" frl" ii"-)Ui-t- ct--*. ul ln { ,t;: t f-S ,* EK J-5,.a.i-.1.r .r: ;b. r)l) :,-.J .rt{+.rr.5 G _:b Lt } .4 tt - 3:f ,s2txit* c,5 -JlL t-.2.^lL"'rtr4 Jl .'*c;! y'.c a,rl; u.lJ
l+i ')r t- +.u "5-5. t uV'f t\;) ,,ylt ;ri ut-tt,
-olt.c*l .r:"-L; I U
6 a-* tilc ,*.;':l-:;=; ,",-+' d" ,;-l3, e,t-t tt.tS s r lg;-ui o..r.rLi \ 3 ,SF drilt, W-t;l o'.uLi L
,- t.tt e +J 6,.--r,-: ,aa..o .-r5,r. .:L l-2 t4l5 ..i;-,11.>
t d* cilt r+:l .r, r l.p'r-i o.r,rLi 1 $.1,1, o-r'rLi ga
+. t e;-L; .c*l d+ ..5+ f:-z ,a-l t;.21r; :s1 ggp$rr fi, o:-2y:1 l-2 6k : 4* clll ,i S ,S-{-t
,,.,-.u:; [:i ).j i-t-- 6,-l L .c*l ts.tVl t ct -* c,:: ly c* 7-k'i-*Lf o'V..," 5le .l'ai ;r'-l 2: )t
-v_
Y\r d.,Li d);li .Yl
3 '-5 rr .Pt e..-r-:;L c-J ,r-Ll ;19;, {.,,.- e l.r,.i
;;ll .,9;1 i!-11 + L- s ,S u|-1, cJp r L- J;;Li jaj l;
artss <S _;-: 6,1"=:; t' i:JJ" .,1- ebt ,Sl.r. .ri 15 ,-"1-:
.r*Ll
); cL ,:.-,-* ,g;\-^;r- 2l ,-- Jer ,.:I_ .sl"+;!
f i , G-lr.;-=-L, t ^S ,r,V")l'J ;l .i,:':...r ,L:;i .gbl;-:-,35 J.1r ,S sJr;K- .r;rr.r, :! .S-'Li ,[*; + ,r-:l lr
,gtKr- l, .' l.r.^; ,.r.J; ,F ,'l; ,€ ,{-,- ;l ;:y. tSA
;r,-lj...r .;.cr .pf ! .r':5 n e, l, )t r^ t,r! I u^.-+ 4lllr) .-ra-r, pl n. ,r):l t .5'7Li ;b$l ;*l ;rli Jer -f,lrr: -iJ,s gFl ,.:-, 4-r f +- L. ) ot.)\-; a:.tK oU)
.5 ,r,t<..n.p .--...i; lr r3-e k-rbr ;,- qglalL ,.r L; '1r,.-.
+ jP .r+ .9 2\-;- j L- l-.- r;,r' )V\ 344 3;L;-t*-J ,sVtS 6st t cje ;l.c)!l .re.l ,, .-r-; 6L_1,
p!;l e-r* a, l-, 1- L- .:!1F1 .rbFt.-- ) ):r,5. ,--4
",+ -rlrll _rl uoY -i-.a;r a5 -r.u.r, ;L:; ;tc)tLl g,_ I (.-r:-or,r,
-l ,JrL uoV to_s: ,tS*; u-Y -L.a1r ,Jilb JL c.,-; ,l;l .gr[_rrlu JrJ .1,_-r. ,sl-t Lt;r,_l 1l .9;Ll ,s\o,-,lJ .,*t- ;i t tt ;r,-l .-ri.;Y r,rr5;5u ,l ! ;l:.: d .J5* a, WUaS L,Ltu. tr. ;6.L. ,)::-; o.j;") )) di dl.j5U a5 c-+.r.r*s-1t,1. tV. ,stj q9 tx5U J<; ,, ;l-r){ll ,_.r-l "rj "!
.e :9lr JL V0 ,; .l oKJ;lt )',_l,L- ,tr- S 't--=;lliU
..$* r c.--., r,73" .,Lr1!l <..-*l ,r; 2: 2 t _1ri I 6lllt
..:L gl7 Gn .rS itl .,*,t ^-)l; .t-,5 61Vi ,91,,,.r1J
c.._r"- rtlJrt f\Y
, al; Llr- ,_.-; rrSn r( ,.:* I ;.r; U cs-'* i.t1.,lig,l ,-rlr gLi nf ,rldb .ry .u le- _tlSt,s-9-, u.V L];crl".-'lr ! t': .t'
"! luS 61a,..11! 4 ,l-r,rr lt +tl:o Lt,t_j J_rt -t;2 :,11r-,-i
^lr. d_ ,_pr, S ..)lf Ul .;-t
Llr b .51,!- ,j:n ^S ,rlJ ,.t_l .;S ;*l ,sltK .o,e*u.
<:r*,r- r1,1 G-\t \lril \ t+ t+rr. U-S sov -,)t-8 4l:g rlx}t a-a uS 6r= Jil, .rl_ .u*S ,,:*l ,gl,;r3,,s$-' i3 .K;i ,ut ,al; r,,r[i;, ,91_;l: u.al; 6\tJ Jlttl; u-Y llJ'L 6ljt (3 f4.,L; ,., l4iJ ,L";l ,ri !)* L- -rt ltV ;r:.rnb .r::.-' cr:. ,l-r [i drl .t-t qF- ]
.e*t c3{J .rt 1:V 61.,,;yl:_l e)i ,A,. ,;rli o;tr u):,L- .&) )lrL u)- ,r-ru .rl .B rr t,.n ,o L;. ;yL ,-rniU 4 ll; lS4 .a--r 1r,. _r1 1l tsllv--r+-;., l; ;3,r:t-t t\ t:^"a; l-, JS* .=^S. .',-[ d_ Jl t_Jn .9.,1t.ry[i ,,- I {! -,! ., t"-; ol .eE ,ss-t aL I :r_rn rblt t :-'o e-t) + t-.,u|, .rU r! f S tS o; &. .r.:.6jLl ;;1, .$l.,- s,-l.n ) .t 'tiq .r*-r;L ;.o-l \ n-i rltt t2-.n -r\L;l --t-t ,.l'l-t; Li: l1 ,r-U Jl eg r_,b.r,,$l\st) .); a5 t,,i;l .-i,_! F_, ,9\-r2r.rltL + l_* ti ,sr.,JL-l 'c*1 f,,rV ,srt 4 co-, JL:-l ,,--2b <J[.-l a,r,) )t-tsr .16 r, .!1 -,tir -lr ,r1.; -l.L- 15;Li .g L:,. I b.,_ I -,,:.r--f ,r +_t L.;.' ri.,i .i;i .,,_t,,u.*t L_ JL .5L-. r, r
e-1! Ll .ry Jll-r:. .rL; .t.rLi o:lt ga")' ;j ,,i"r.rrr .11- cr:lt L, 6._1 6 :;Su; ,r,o, uV; ri r, ; l.r5,_;i
-v
f\A .9-,7t-i lE,lJi 'Yc
; ,lr€ Jl )i ..,rri t*r a'. oli s',u-rK7 lr;,;L'>{tl;4y-l5
"lt;t ,.yV.!'.;;-.-;;, 1.2
^Le,.r, dq# r.n
s tt.t: ,,:Vt. sli: t:.-cr*.d-) )l Or- l-r- ;L; 2, .i.ir
"p t t;il o. .t -:t 3 -$- "S-$a , r;.V ot9;11 c -"-.1;
w) J qV .: t) 116 ts d ,* "+,'tii'"-;l:,r".r15-l -JL ;r Lr4l-r;l Ul ;it J g;lra .r,-le :- L .5 L;i ;l .-g;1.t
,r -r..L- r5,c5jLl ,r'j l-! 4r1 ,--! s*; ,*r;-:;: tbV'1.-*! il' 'r5..rr .r! l; rL-; "Lir
U-+ b-e b'r. + n- L"rt(,.r:*a L-}; ,-u:12 6S -1;
Jt )t :*:,t,-grUi el; t5- + ,rt -," ;je- -,r jYL:--l ;jL!.Ki .u, t 4\- c,1lr+ L;2.1r;i ,91-/': siJl .ta\t )lr-a-
g)i :rii l2 6,-l .-u---r uoV ;*- (ti .51 l; ii .rkl6t- )l 4. -* slt, x-5 c rrU .rl ..:,l;lrcr oU-)z - JyS.U
!) J\.rr eU C)lt-I t ;L.r ;YL--l E.tt ,:-l lur illr..r,y;,r. orb ;U; .p ,*,'lU .gL;l P \ ^S
.:*l ( u-:K;rrei .:*, a, .1,i -2, .5 ,po2. i;11:.-*l g;Ll .rj[i ,.:J,- g,-l
.c*l 5S--j- ," k ) kJ-51 et 4",". Le.y ,e\a3l;
))t )r q;- .c*l Jp Jtr .,Jlrrt jl jre- l.t--l rr .,.:.'lrrtdqjJU i-^,fJ-; eilr .r,-l4l;l e5
"rS 2 3a' alr ,r. t: ,tV-5,.\...- u\- + blycr l) q;5U dr-.: I .!r; ut! ,Jtrc*l a,(- \t -5:L-- .J-U di ;l "p 2 t;lr;q$rFf,6 el*
"9UFL ! .l+.lr r, Ll <..r,.i -ul; ";; 9)n ,r-f-
,L- S ;:n- .t r?- bI L 6 1ls r3-. e .51..r.; 1=L: .l d.r.-5 ;l*..1 6,\ l; 4p U_"Ir. : ciJ ,;lsl l, talri.l- -rl
.,-rU .rl Wl.li;, ,j J!-., aVJt - JIU ,s-)t ,,,tU
cir+ 6lzeL f \f
.^4 + Jtt d t{:SU .i,^',/l , ,;.r.,'t+l b.,,K.rrt'...r,.lor*2
r ;iil !: .r::d .,- i*) ;r .5ri .5[5U ;U1l .r.rl3rlrjl j-.b ;l ,9 jrVI
,.E t1 r X- .; | 4-r" 1.6: i ,,,,ei ; .,
etr t ,r, alr6. l, 14l ;t ,rGJ i; k- ,3; ;^.a-2 cL_
.;l .rlrrt;l unY toz:l5 -r.u rL;j ';r- 4_l Jl.rb1lrj,.9.2Llq.J 6 ,-*J 4a c*l ;,K- ,:- ^ .rd*:- iLi,-.^-L-.t;lO u-;; .glalL; -.a l.^a ): .-j^+ ,f5 ,l larr ;L.o,:l.r J; ,s;)Ui;r l; rlr.d | 4 uI
^t :;b r3.-.1 ;lil ;,,_ t
cI_ la; c^*, 2- _;S 6.,1 atl;- : Al.:.r-u F .EF t J:a5:r; .,Lul .!, ! .r_,/ ,;r- 4-t Jl .)s; t1t 6_;1 *2-, ilts. e.f sfr.e ., [*;- -ulL ;:.-? JS jl , .r,.- !ri_L;
.r;11 .*.,,st",rlJ dt- L tJE u-\:; i:*,-;2 6r: 1* ,, u-+ [ .r s:f g;),'l JqjiU ^-J1 ,r5,s..rL l1 i4t5 ,.g;Li.^F .-* t uz-.;:- tl-.e-*;
"$-;. ;l.u ;L;.,.211 ;*-,Lr ,sl^^$* \ ,V ,,ly e\- \* 6 r-.,1., -,714!1 ;*l ;,5-.r.9r+ ,-[- , S &] .llo-r.; orb ,l] ,r-V L,l; c;--c*l 6(- nV,6 ..r,.r-r- toarf:l _ro.2r V0 f.n_r- ,f"F+ ,.;_ l, .r;ll ,5t t- -,, t-u l-t t:^ s Lr sl^;g,g_.;.i.: r [--,,t-l Jr U..- ' jLl jtp, ,-,1".; L r.6.; i rr-,'; .rrr_el ;_rLL- ;.,r { l-,, <+j, .5' .*r ;u-i -r-_l t ,LV p)y rL_) ir
.L:S ;\ u-_rj; :.a_2:
6:S '.1\' ilL,;r..1-j: ;L.c){tl ,r;ei .:*r r, ,r.nl3
;,_ I rl -r,r t:*<t a+J .;,*l 55-19 s.- , ,,fu.rU1.;r;
-rf\V rr.rl-i ,rtli .Yl
rjl.-!AL, e,! d irl.rs, e4.".; Oi+.t r l.r:,.i lr g,- l
rf.r .* trt )t .5, rdt- r"^ a.j .: S+t,bS t) +-^- rl e+ 6,,_
I Ll .-u1.9;Ll & wlt L frrt ;,_l r, .r_;b
;l;,r- r.:.-,r l;;!r d c*qr"l r*. j;5.; .c*l .rL;l L ,+_l: 6t+ olyrr tt).1 rt8 6. ett Jj
"91a.; l.r9-.r.r .$ :[
,r- Lj) d .:, p+lr; ,li lri .iJ llll ,Lrl 4r.r, i:j, !-r,_L: e Y. ;ir e, -r,_L ,+i JL $. .,,r e .-i ,f, U ,.9;L- I grr
fr .r- | ;, t..to; -h \ ,.^:j ct-4.r.*-r -,L:.t I p, t ",3 t\..: : ell1" b; .s$l.ri-* .-u:; L a:;l', t93- la-j ";ltlg;l-ol'l;, J:lt t;,1 j."-o c-i_ aJ -ra:: l-r.; cL;; r;'-)l.i;l6t* s ,.j*: oS $.sl' 'r-2 Alt 4 ,Or "-j,;lt;l t-L.E t-JJfJ- tt Jl i ";, Ll .-r,-.r .rlr,_.,,. lr,,r-lj ..sU-sL,.Jl .-r::.-r
1l la L-l- t-; )-15 tz;; ;6r ,r5 1-rL; -KS-- +
,i-'.G:.,')':,t? pi- L-l- al ;^.^ Jl .L;*n o:* ,rJ)$- r,-t ;\ ,; .e*1 ,,_j, ;t(t kJ_5L ,L;, ;Kl6- *,)V) J,-l .rS +( ,-cj." t .,-_! U-$L rLi, r-uL ; rly,..,r
!t-r+ +! e-L-r.e .r-Ll d",l, -:! ,-h.; I.lj,-J, I lrgr.-l;L
O:lS 6 -r.;rl:,r,,a;i-; a.:+.! erj' ",r .Sbl6,pg*,lL; -f. rrc ill-L- iL-Ir., e5.r::-..a !i.-r,-l ..1i(: r ..r-Ur.rrl) j"-- L l,
d,,_ I i{j l.r9-.J+ .s*rr }V -, tj JS- ! u_st \
ji:-i ,r-Ll Jilg )l S .(a.r";; r_r-ia,) Cllr, )l \r*Ll O:;19d;-l ;;U Gf ,- ).i-,... JiU d,..s,Jn'l! ,r,r-cr,;"-,- ta:; +-5.r L.L+
-r_ I :;*t ol:.Sre-r-. iL+.tL_ JL-
-L1.t l-2 ^lu"+,_r-l
.-lil,r. .;Lo;l ;t- t ;.,*.1 rr.9.rl.ol Ltlr;
jj,.'.<l ,.- f\t
! ,:i q.* it_.s.c jlrs- ,S tr;K \);,tit, { d-L_ ,,1* + l_;
'.:S -1: 4;2Ll ,jllt Lt drl .JrJ airr; )*(/ r"_'U ,aU;i't 6-* d)-P 6k5tr ar;11 e*: r 6 .,,_b"rr,,.2r ,..or2,r,.:..rj -,, Wr.;.- ,V.9ll+l.; i.," r., l+i ,;.1r,1 x:2 E!
.xt.t"t _rS t cre Lj_ I p* : u*V-n4\f ,S -i.;-,r, "tKi >t-S -_nr;" .rj .rL+ l4r+{ tl .-t L# L.j I )ti) a. "Lt:. g:i I, li t}., t< ;yl-.-lL .c*l .-,"U d- +-t, ltr ,,s,-l' { ;l ,s t rer., ur;\"(t ,t-l ,:"t ti c*'r a, .f.al yr rf -i, r, ,;-..- l+i J-a, o,_l
6j,;l.xl tslt, ,sa ^Dr e L..q: ,*, rj,L ;lil ;i.c)ttl!i),r,,-. ) aN 'Un
6,_l Ll r! .L-j-: ts i.{J-r<t ,j! 4--, .t::*;l; o L+14j+ ), )r_+r, _.,1;l _,rti , ri.;t;,-'- d.r_
I I a5 _u- l1 C-L 4 r, .r: JL l_.t ,-l_t: =-$*:
f=.;t-l + ,st\.,qJ-51 ! ,,,L-;,| ,2: e t :Ju, S,- ,* ul ,t t-{f ;lrj ;<.., ;l;l I .1,*O ,:Et -) J : ,"-b;lr1 .r, ijo l5-*., o-,.:,1_.,, -i,_ Ll ,J.-L- s.r r^ l-, t&_f
.lf ,rlr;t l, td,Sl e_\ 4;-r s;4:. aJ c;L.tt+ l-41,o .-r,;L.rr.'-.9 t cs r,. .5-r- .914;_r.e"r_- cJlC_-r" J) rl .r! o-L_ \lr;l aS G4.l;; b,r, er*-a 41, ;rpt6-t,f-: (i E* il l, ;i ;t;; ,--* -* jt t.y
.,,1;l J-_' 7t;l 6 4 ;i au ,.t ,J, I Lt .rJS .-r.rL; .5;j,gjl2 .2t .:j;' {;L );r 6r J-b ;: f-rs ;12" ,g},;l:,l,qrl {' titLrt;rLi! l_; L ,;rr-l ;.2;SJl ,,sd6*6w;l ''- r:lr .(F":..,:r l_., ,s_t-y ,.sV-S-tf- r9h )- _rl teL_f.c*l -r.-3 dLJ "tr,".l !-i.aL;;ir ai lr, rii. e)), bj
-v-
f . [.o;
li ..> r,L9..,. . I
tpl6 cl-iar .l,
t c-i- r* .Vt " rr-15 4K .---* ,;s+ LUt -^."UI v J' lJ J
,-r-t'.\*s r \lYV JL r. ,r! ,r!rl r5 ,;,--- ls jl1 l-'
x-rK a +);.r) + J-l ,t-l .c*l .rfu ,x: 5'-2s 3;;-\t.r L*.-5 S ri'-€ rJ .t-ttt + "., fi\-S eL-S c$d,- cJ,- r!; c.rr L ,r.-13
", , ,:&::r;
1rl.:;,:ti sl9:s t'
.rJ,- q - .*; ) o4Y '^yA 1, o-l! eL- 6\5- (qx1x u4:.'.- . \(o.:; orb -,L:; .K*,
iy u-rl ,,.LJ .,L-" ;r o;1, ,L-o g:-r @x)x ^i$, .\(.-u-!.f J;s- | x ^;l;, I ,;t p.,+- kV
,9tV pz 2qz ,J., o:q.\.t t pY t qr :.23"; ,)-ol 4l' l::* I
,r-," _' 2 r.-luJJ el-tl l; q sp V::7.1 F $ ibj
cip rtlrrL f \A
d-..r U .iL; .r, I 15- .l* ,.rk- | 2t Jl ."r; u, ,L-j ,*+.r,jK ;jlJl +,V Jl .;*; ,.:*1.;
^L+ cr_l ,,-! ,* Jz-re-r,..-. ,;U +_l .r_l_i l.i 'yc EJ ;i -Lt .,1 6,J." .l..i,q
6,1a2 2 .1to-,JJ+ sr-_ ,9:G L-17 c-., lX-- ,.r.1; .;*l o.r,.:
.c*l 6:[a ,srt6n -L 4!i ,; B u1.tyri.1b r1-. -1 s-Ll d-;lr,oJ; ).r-\,.-. ,_r*lr, .r_ I i-a.- ",
ts.tr: \ lt .&K- p€. rr)) .i:*l L- 61-r, 6L,-lrlx-bl r5
t-h + t (+ ?r.e J-L ! ...*f g* ;-b r, 6 .5L,.iL,r-l <.r5,r, :-r+ ,;*Sl dr: iLU _,r.r+- i.l .=* b ,-F-,6 .y-,,l o6e; ; .l o<--.Jl .Lr ,:t4,*l 6,l,jJf.+ .ri r-.r-l g,J) rA L- d- 3.r 5 .u-: L alb te-2 uJV;-U. rl.r.; i lis--j ;J u-l -,.t s2 j ,: Ll .uS ;9 l,
,r-U C,-_l t *= .r+Lr- I .-ra) ,::!- l-2 r,rL .99-; .:ptsla J3-Sl;).'L f_r Ly .tj dLrl ,r:5 re-l-.. .,),*t L- At+;Yll^. ;lr;r. r la;_ I ..:* I ,4\- rrSJ | ,l,r-f --n .5, J.'-jt & t* ..t*,r # d+, iilL).tS s-Ll ;ly eL5 \ J-l .t,C-U.r i"" ;l 1r l(ly jQ-jl ts_:, nS rJib .J -l;;,r. .:b er._; ,;:-:- le )l sto,_l .{-)K sV4:.S rl ,rf,_ ,-)tY ,,.,_rb eL; J+ J,-;6-Ll oiilt b t 3 JL; c*; J, S ,; ,Jq.? ).Lj,_l lr l,_JLj
.2rU ,1L ,r,"t5i -__.,t- rl "-LJ 71r ; Ig1 il!-lr kjU i- r.r:5
^,- L. l2 ; lX- ;-r_i _e ,r:;jS .5brls, j,"-o ;-l
'{' r:Alr :i5 .rl ,l-ri t cst+ ,Li ;r e5 2 j.L L-r
.iL.r, c" ;l plf d-r! -, \ J\; jj.- U_l
ft\ rFl-, cl-;"t -.1t ;i-p 1s .f '
rr*)' L. l) J.-l o,-l'io 6-5.- At:p uS,^^> ,>V._ra., ;L:-;
,Pl u.t +.t "!)t( d.rp : fitj L-h ;. d- .,r1o;
"+ 6*.Kr-, .r,- .-5 lali*J L,l; p*a. i ,:tu. L2rt
J*<.:j "-,i + jl d ,-K. k > lt 6-t4,t(.-., )i ..:*t
Jli,r l) tr eLl ;r .tKr-.' o,_ I L_l; e!*)5 aL-p -1t :3- srCg) ,J e-r- ,)) f ))en , t-) sgiS Jr; ,+ ! Y.ls
l, L#l .r ): ,*.-S rr trJL ; lr;:.rr Q:.J 6,-l a" ;[Jel
, (r-i;,r. JL .gla*Jtl iLJ.,1r ;li .,L:; u (a)
t1 .iliJ .2r -u;-, ^;,lV ^- 101
Url- .,te+ L tz b tr gL, .,r.2r oK.ir J,-l aS );S jai'g:.-;l-i ;trt ,1'L .-,.-, ;L, .,-r.. qr-l r) cr-- ,51., !L-; l,r,
O+ljt t1 ;L, ;.' ,K;-, '..r,.i "rL JL oVl" .'r3: ,11
1-' (l; .11 ,jJl- Jl.{+J !}( y_rU.) l) "Jl.- ul)5 u!i<-.Srf t* 6,tri 1 ,a.,;. lrL 4 tzg\
;l 1-141 -,, L) .c*l ,s-9-' t-b "lr+ fil6 olli r,)-r. :;t-.u.t-k; ,.,.r-:; .i i<.: ,.t,' rl e5 ;l;r .:Io; -,.1bK4 ,,.-+ L+--l .-.-:--E f--" 6,-l ;.2* J,-r4 ;' .{gtu.l +-51 .;*l 6;.tt 2 62,SJl J* tl ;azf -,1.2! ;..-oL;
tJlt, ,r-t,:t -|; 4 :oW ul-,J J.l* .," J.tt u.:{-- d.,.r[L-
s-Ll .[<i-, ,4_ JL cr:- JL,.c .g 1.6;;e.2 i;!;r ,j; ;-".;
el_ Lrll .,JL .9liJ;l ,g'zca n- p*|t' e!t<. t G--4
4; o^ onl- tt'J-.lS n b3.a- '-Y
uV-t 2: o-i-l; orlr o6.-rl-s +-c.r-.,- O--l L5l{3 i., -u:! r:^:lr alS.l \t-l \tl j|l
:aa 61,..1.21r ?l .
,J-a I .1b.zl,rAo .pL; ;i! ,q tap lL 1 .r-E ;r! -,r p .r(
--5. ,Jr)l U*, l, p r*lh Jl x-rSu. Srpr_t-^c4.:- l_r,Up, l-, q .r,-11 ;i;, Clju; ,d uL; ).; llxo ,4:Ao 2ra J.-V t6. j,*' .d eLJ tlLq:7_6,;tt;ltt .r;n Jlj\ l},J-t' .-1U ,-..*J"S ,1.,,, 1l tL ;l ;l;u; l;Lot l:'t ,.st"^ili,.Cr). t)V Jl .r; ;d-;,:.-d .r!f 6 4 o<- Yr.a I r-Ju, --";-- ,.r' J..l ,rl^;L cJ L-'l;;, o,j 4 ,.-o l+ .51 .r;J .,l-u I -,!_, .rI; .:^;r L l, er
.**,+ 'L+, Jt , .',*.r r+- ..r-r*r..9r-nj; .;*L5
.)rlr rl; i-.5 "ujr .;j .r_t r5 a.,::- Fi lr; ._---* _i-s_:.)l .5tt,\- Y* L, ,_t;t s j,;t:^t.,U; J,., r,.!l-l..ol i< .r5\r,,-.r"o 6lrl .:".;- po J.-l af c*.1 ./i l_r-
ts rS rlril .s|l; .r-l rf c*.1 ;,_l r-e- rL...r * .:);lg +S
;r o-u -i.-i .glgre-r".. .;*l glf L): u_Ll ,j:le .>,-rt e ^
tK:*" e.r3, ,,o.i L .9Li- a, ! L:, lr c ,. - l. J-.1dr+ I s1r"\..,,, o,l d .."j Ct=*l t,J u,il a;j,;lt;lL- 5 c*l cr.{- jrU ,_f.-l ;11 1t_.r. $x rs},;ltl 6ro, r' ^ L._rt JL:ari J<-, * p*t6 Llj o:tt aS jt)
.r, ral; ,_;.rl."2
! ,J .* lr; ,*; 4;: elt S e*; L:- ;1.r, ;.,, I
-r.r ,,.r.il' Jt ,.5 " Jto; J? l,3r,;1_G :."- p, ).-l
J.- I o,_ I L ,-r"o.r .,7 -r,_! .l)[i.;l -*r-- 4,-A.:1,_r"e ..r*Ll rla;$.-. (;t_l- "il !'-: ;l) Slli,+ ;l u.za .g__)S rLf { l,.ylr el.(-l 1 c*l -u1; ':_r (*lf el-y )o.:.
6,- l sr_1
JL -,r.r .grlr'r ; I .rs .r_ I Ll .rr; c.lljS _,Lj t .tLj
--_
,1
_.--
t\f ptls d;i -,rr i,'; ;'rc i'
+ t* rb 1 tr ,L2 6\s. 'K;".f.r' Cb 'uL o.l; o:b tr
;l ,-glor-.-- + cL- j ,.Jl .r.t elt atl .'y-,-/ cr? tt'jcl]K.r,,rJ.IJu,4*)(5 d-r: k;l e5;*l F.r-ki^s.rj! .r!.-)s ,:l^;l(.2., JV Cl ;; ++ .t; p::l;o-r.; o.rlr ,.-e. 2,L- , ,-Lly .,.7b ei(.| ltll \ly ;..,. .tSs.
Lr., L. v
,-.t2 rt 'tJ:V u-L5 ,, 1[5 u-l .r-5 cr..-- 1.2 tz -st 6z9. gL- ,tr 2,
u,J;-"2; ;-.e,1 L-e r! ;Jrl oS nu,J:'-"2 y J!r.-r,q-1. S9-,JrL r,-l ..3;,r,,'!:,1 ,* Gr u;-r'l slS--tp
.-IArcr. t2 aV-t rglt l, ,16 .fy gL- I 1l: \ t9-* JtLi ,4-
,nJ+ ii JL J.ls ,-r--l ,:lrr ^; lt ,ts' CL Jl o',-lJ',u'
.;, i-t:+ *sh & 1r .!il-u e5 *-, r.nlr 1++ d.P-l 1
.'e- u' Ii'- *t; ,:L-tt
e -b *. r:-r;t-;i { U lri-} ;l uz'. ,S ,:;S 4"1
or:,i 2r tz;L, .itii; ,glt 3 uzr e.t r-t,rr ;e2:$ ,.J-
tz;r ,rJ L .gla:.J 7-rt"- i.t\ -F tS t* + ttl--S o..ru: ..-, L.-
crJL -3 ,tz .rL;;r r+lh -51 'el c-l 6,-l g-[ .;*l.r(i - O ;rL.l; ;J! s\5. y u.^; iu - n-r<.'1. ar, I l; uaV
V- SJ ,Jrr G: .rr b \s; rl)il ) l-r,- ..r-r, eL-
.,r.ar,r, L + ;3 4-l;,5.- y-rUi- ,slt s.V;YL--l g-:rt-) OS- )[L d/-+ t s+ .-rYLi'I .s-.r. CL- ,F -,] +
)l 6-b+ -.,. !.iii .r;1.,.r, ,-.-;. (7-rti;. o<- .-i! J) 4+(c^.-;- ) \ JL-l r 6A -t -b r, ,,-rl.c.. g,- I ;l uf-- uaV :-rle,
1. Schrodinger ditlerential equalion2. Edwin Schrodinger
;-J-p r1l_seV lll
,s-S_, eV ;3 j )iL Jl NN ) dJ el.lt .o ! ,.,,L;.o
,,_"V 1r*, *. ,;-*l ;"J elll ,cr-.--..rkiJ ! ;Li- dL-r.+- Jt- -st ,:.:t dll 1 .-u;;! o! dr:^,- tcr..,- .9le- 5:y ,!S-:;1 ;*l ;r(- ,,-; ,g\a-.5 .11 ,Ji ,J-6 isr^-. ,;l;:,9t ^lS, f--r;l;: 1911 :qz,qy,qxoL:; -,lrr.1l u4 6112
,|\l 2:qz, qv, qx\pz, p", prf--, ,-.1;t 612 ) pz,py,px p*.,r,S ,r-3 r- ,l "fi- .. .[L .gi,!ar'-*- J-" ;l_1, ,91,JL 4lJ clK Jr-l ;) '*rt.r! iop r l^q ,.=....-_,r
+:.+- ? t!:lL utJ oa;-J- \ o.:,,; o:l) .r LJ cL -2r .lK.:-r ,:L. |
"re_+ )i;e e-r- IS ,_] r ,rJ L .glxiJ rl ,rLts
e_t Jt u*.c-+ ,J,rJ el)5,4,p ,tKp;t g_; 7t .il.tt++J ! e.; e c*l o-ui orl: ri p, ,K;i ,rj ,, _2: l_2 q, +c. r.^-! JL C-r r) .:J)r-l'r..;,,1 Ll .rj-1.r, u.r2 ro 3^a, f-2"\3.-.al px,,r--:L l--L, q, Jl :; l,l ^ .-i*- le J-lilr.r, - crrU !tq^l-, rf -r,-r ; l;.r, a*s *. .-*l - tlt]y'L d l{3 J.S ;.er.4-.':I_ ,." I;uj I ,slt _ J_t cr-:U,:; ,l_r.;
d l{:3 rf c*L rlr---l r. 6,1 .r_.21: r-,.'J o.rJ .r1., .K.;, ,:!6 j ,;lsl )t ,'-- : 7-$ .r tl I t, ;f.S 66s r..,- ;t tlal$,5 fS Le)l f:,lrs. ..r: -,l.itil ier.-'.-
"9le
-,J ;.r ,_rlr;.pl:o, I rl_rl Jl ;-r.5 u-;,.:- cJL Ct
nli rr. l) .K.*, .rL 'YL ;l eL * r_r-l-f dlK ,,
jLt tstt JL .skiS |lS br.-._ ,+ pt].. j7t (.;yL rt-t
-..V
1\d p)l; ,L-;) 2: ca-,a 1* 'Y'
)l eL- r, ,911 : :rts. .'!5-:r "r.r WA;t '5 c*l ,4K*,t--.^;> lrt.;*l r:;9 I {r'rt",:*,;r ,s tL,Nt-J ,'Ql .-,lli ;r- l
;r L Ll .c*l .;rLa 1"; .219L '.21";' p.lf oili r'J '!:; dq:
,.r-:J!- ;11! )L-j r!.--i rl-r'-- 7 e( ,5rU\ a;19 c;t.$ -b.+L-.rJ& P+\t
;l ;r a5 ;;lr )ft J -*-);1U; ).6 i3' J--, -t) ;lri- I U ;*l j!; ,-r L; l-.c:-- ,.5g f-tltt- a /; )V d- att";-.12 ,1t d- ,CK ,r ;l;j ,l .rGrS .'rU l.;r; r l.r'"- ;i;i.; a'
..2! ,r,l 1Li; a, ,- ,1.1 iL\ .f,U ;....- ',t\:. Lt g,-l 2r .;*l
4 cL- ^S ,r^\<,:t l)l-e ;,- l .;*l u:V ,: -ttt L!12 I ;.2 3t :t
)L r-iil.r, .;t-r,-l ,r-;rr, ..,a- *.f12 ^-: c\- + -#l 9-"12 ijl9
, --S--g ;;5 ;: u^-bl1.5lJ..o q u-;a;21 ,1'V s2;91 ul:eL- ,---,!L d r-<., l) JLtl u>S 6'-l Jl ;-.'.2 2i u. 'r,-1.:l- ;r ,r- I 1,s Jl-2s ,9\r, \1 l.Jll ,;L .st{iJ J'S ;s t'4-tr .1L,7 1r B -..- !r:r.r
"$-:.- ,Jli--:l-2 59-;l '!--; ;e t'4-,r:5 CUr* I l-2 y.; -':lr- f:rr -,)L;-t lti'1i,7- ,11'u'
;rLo o;i ..:L- ,r:;;rL- g;1.;! 6.o I jl ,'-- '! i' eL- 'r);-'JLj-l d j-l $)-P r;t) O'-l Jl 6r* ) )*.2:V ,.2: it '4;,u! dI I dJ,-t "-r;, /i.^!\, .:t- -,r.;-: o1! ,.d'- ,-i^l; .r.'[o
,4;" .1 -2;W.)i OJ.rl d | ;l; ,J'>.+F ! ,r- tlirt'' i
-.- ,)j;.t' -9.6 -,# 2> lt'.o 2p::trt C;P e .f:-\ \r.:.i ,rl; lt ;)2\ 6L; n.grtlu I ;l.i;Lrr )!. "Ly ,. ,,-tV J,YLj'- I
.-5 *C
c:-r- 6l))L flF
G:,_t4.;:"i- t.1 )lrL o,_l S n-&. _ia)s. iLl L I .r_,tz ;L; 6\ 3 u-, et nt +! a:.:l> rlL; r, .; .l o_r.;
,;L J-J ? pW.ety ;yL*-t pi 4,.r, +*L-.r-+ .rl ,.rl* JL;;r ..ur,r, $l;l ,5:.t I tr, ;i-,p ,K;-"(b) : (a) .L; Jr ,.5 ta:.J 'r^^ slt rs-. ,. 3[- I -*l u;-",;*l ,7'-N 'U- U f 1; f; i,-rb
, .-r.n,.r, ;l U.- f .-, U,_-,;
t tSu",r+u+-l,;l ,gj,rlL;l el.!..,y1 .--l Ln o-.1, 6, j ,;lr:l ;l A'G ,rar Trlii-
Pi t" .,J) S't o-,.- , L-- u+r 6L- J wi ;raL;. ,t -b /! .-rars, lr .r:, dJu_ r.Jel ;yL .9ia:3;yL-l Jrl 6t{:3 { .^:- af 5;3t ,5\iJ;yk-t g)i ,lltcrcV{ ,F'.rkiJ.r_l .f-. rr .,J g_\:,' I t *o ,;,;arl)j J,_ 1 ;l ,glac,---. t_; L .8r:.1-(;-r ..,lrj i.,o .g;Ll.lg:-u.-,.^L: - ,flr L J)Li JL65;r_, ,l grl, , ..*-..,ajr' i:-r." t rli ! rtr, dt SJ r* d,- ;rl- L'.,;., L-.'3* ,-f.(; .rj [,A jl r-+ .rl Sl .rLrr, e---+ .rL J,,L-2> ,c.^c- ,jK- - .ririlr, tf) ), * +5 .gl.rlgL )i;rLz ;.r.r ! "li.r
1., ;l ,9 j,;lsl.f,U .5 ta;J r,_L I ;1lr_1.g;Li e-.S .i JK- & L, ;,1 ;t ,5t.213"..,, ..J a- i*ilyrr ,.t-lt\.c*l .9;lr ...* .: 4-,! .,U1.;ri L J,<., ,y
-.;: :,.:S ua;-; ,s*ts F f t- ,J.L- t^, "S l) "LJ ;j L, 4
ot_t uJ, + .r$ -u: t ._,! ,r_ I ;, .:J r;L a*,_ I JL_l e^;./.r -L..- U- ..,K .t,-, "5 ;*l rL_, ,gi .r(_, J_' .;*t,-r.:. tt-l s rS )i,,- ); G.t*_;YL:- | ,:,t ^- ;l *;l;a,\"-4u \FJt; L'h ,\Sk rt U .-s.,il- .,* t, .':3 Geiger counter
l\Y lplf 41i' .;;.J-P 1* Y'
_21. 6)j 611. upt ,4 6:5 ,LiV- fir i + .S cI;)L r_5o
J::o ! r(L .;--; 1l s- gt z;.*-.,r+ r g, ri -u"a;
dp_ | .ri, n3utsl ;.3 rs u::o r=J Ji lrrf .9b-r.- 1.1
rl J)L-1 ,glt oS .>2.;l U.- ,r:; !- r+ arrL )ni ,;kJf;t z* e, l; .r3:- ,3 ,fi; ,!* 4\ aL.q ;l t.x, lrf-_r;
.Ji.6) .JrI' -i,-J-
t3 L; --r. 3':i-6 -:* l-r J-l s?)Gl d^t-:;r ,r-Ll ;lr-l; ^S r::5 rl+, r., ;L lS,"ra J t-l.*),; )l .srJ;6 * o5.r!i )t J)i r iL lr5,-; ,;.-r"-i -f-r..:!-1p;!);-r" ;l ;L1 jl k!- l, \t ^-- 7t o,_ I .-uJcr. \-.:,,-.. tJ6,jl [_ r ' ;ye | 4.t 'iL, ,_rtl a" nf .r,"l9l.r(-r=e 1l ,$;:ri 1l ,s 6--l .;-:;cs" ,!l.JjlF d-_* S ;L[;!:,tr ,; "S rS r:; 6t.h'.t eL,rp i! j ;*r 1')Y L-i, ,,,.:-.r -u:rf- .L;t aS- n"r 3_l e lur .f: -^:;- l* !l:; !)S; ; ,g r-; L. p*t a_l g; lr, ;bl{ "r, tt;}lSloD-) r" t JL l_p .--J* .'s;.s" Ly.t 4p _:' ^:i2 $ * 9h;,r -;l-r(, i .rLli . .J. ir ro -i --Ij .,I-t- ,Lr '.1 ,.') ,rl.t-
,Ll- ;l .s-.b- ;..',' +( l-,1, dlrl lt ^,-); u.l 'u;- t:jt,
.ri 1, o l5i*., 4 slt \t CrrJ" 6W r-rLL i;L;., ,s-.:.j-r.c-f- .912 l, ";i el- .;1 ;l( ; L;- A tlj t-S ,rS .t-\:B ',)J 4 .F; a,.4--a t6,r^ ,r:.--:. u-V ;U; lL;
)r (F S C Northrop) ur) -.ty "r ..r1 ..ll ;*1 ;\J,-',3;r.r.
;-1 1: \1 ;:5; ,r-.; S,nil' r5 -r.5,r- ;L- )V ;-r' r, ;lr.-ri;*t *-S -( ;*, r*-;L-
-v-
ga-; L+14r, ,51 ,r2r.l e;-IJ,-.-Y
--r.., I' prl-T d! lS. ^t
.:_r,:a GLrt- ll,
uit .*. ;l ,-' -tt 4:-al1 g;1.9r 1.,, F' -uar.r.
Il-IA
r;5 i! ae ,t--b + ;*l or;.ei ts+t \ si*sbt6,P :
"$N ;:;tl
"f^-r ;l a)U ,l utt o.,
;Yl-- ,, Ls-:r" u|s -s: -t sb g u-j,l J-,L.g,;.t _i.:LeL- Jl.-r i* l;r- 2 j .l :e-3. u-'= ,6-* crl+K-.)j 'lr
6l l.e r) dF .pl-! ,riJ B, q-_ I ! .r ,"r uo3o n,K-,
.rf !r;! ,t S J"3 i;4 <Lr-r.-J ., ,.!i; *. ll .s.-J u^
L-4 1-.;,o' 4-l
f@ _.,r :)El ,,; Li: c!_rp pt + J,ts_\^ .tt.rLJ _u,( :1r. 4 ; I,(Phisics and Philosophy The Revolution in Modern Science) oJ-!.J-K j ",*r, ar- ,J.ta =5 ,r .r5.,- rl+-; t) (\tdA rJrri),t-:r" :l re .r-.:* dL\ 41 2-ln-"; .gtsJ - 1r, J ,.-b ,r.,V
_-
tYl fFlt ,\r) t: ;--',2 1tc r '
l-, d^+ 4 Wi t-; n5 ;l;;-.r) <"f,--u; ..1;;-.,n ;: 'r'-L
(tj Vl;;*l ..X-. jl tsl^es.+., r1 t f-.' .9lL- 2l ;l;,r"O;lt )l ,F- -r,! ta.l-rf'.rp .2 ..-ujL ;113:-t * -rjr- .rb
.$)1j3 ri;5 o, 1.2 \a,,lJ j,L- 2: 6 r,-i g-)t
te i:...5 u orl.' a[r- 1, ;i^ -;L -.r I 13* rk::+-
}J , " j,l o- .;I:- A-r, t -L,-! l; 6;- u4) t Slr :rJ,j- oK- zlrii- a- sl;u. ,tlf g ;fu a-l;r .,"r.-;l-L(
Jb cr,j el*yi "1U
qsE t .(o**U) t 2 (7:.:') F ,(.:*l))(---:: rr.:, ./t- ,F t is> --;*1 c*l.,; l- ,lf cL
^S)
,i, ,;-.Li \ti1tr" L-.:u;11 !- \r,rlJ .n-t\' l; gl-,, I ;il;! l) ,)i ,i,- e--s,^ i1\ t: B ,lJ \t ^--.a "rar, u1,Vi1l,;: A f--t i-11;3 '->1r-.o:.-l r, .r-5 l+, ,1r,,,r, ,r,* L-
"--Lrl;r 15 ;*l ,t:-E t-t;i;l ,tlJ ;,-l .;.-l ;..:"1 .;i ;li6-* B i.,lJ at ! ;r-;- ;'i uL:.;: t ,r;lr;^* .,JJl
l-,;-V B -,)3- b\ -,, )t oj +-i; -.r l, A r:J I ..:*l
S tj u. J.2. 6))1, ,:;t :],-..,: 2> ,$; ;;W a .Ert
i,*-ii J"! ,.5 f--' ;\.--,-!:^r,L -*lr -'y* jl ,tb. ^'";U'-.t*
-\!) rtq cL-r4 tt I t3; ;);l l* d;- l .5lt al, " tl,
J;2 )..; J;,pl;L*t) l; J.el-l;.;il-.,llJ-l; -r,, p'J
u,\;\ tl tg* tV 3 'o;tl .eQl-r- eJJ a (rt' , ;;Le115 r, J1l-r; ,r;,,,1 t' Jli !5i{L lJ i=7- 6,1y. ll r:;-..r0
,. r;5 .K v
Hans Reichenbach, Philosophy Foundalions of Quanlum Mechanics (Ber-
keley: University ot California Press, 1949).
j;J,_. lrlJrl- fyA
..1La 1r o;.i .., i-n ;F1" ,;:, ^_ i,| .- .t{- 4J ,':,'r.r, Jr:lb;:--. pt J.-l
.c* | .p-rb ,\- i1.: p5;;.e- ,--ty.a;-l ;:.g-r:i c*., r ,"f.i5.rl-ndj. Jp auj eL cLj r r:lrrr &* > L_ .\,t: )^-,-.2r,a g,lzr e5 e-&,;lr;l.rL1 ii., \ l.;,;; p;;-r
.-*l d:erL rl: :
't* r:.t +! dt-j* Jlj (rlJ.,. .*-l, u.rlJrt^. Jl(*i''J +-t :;u- l; r5)l+ -r_-- tt_l ,r -h +
o5 "!-" .r-1', .-,! r u_:6* rJ !*; ..ra, L; rlr, ..
;_.rY;1r=;'a5"!rJrl{.,., l+iI .ra_u; a.il,I ,-r;rr,;[_;L_, lr r.o
5 Martin Strauss
Garrett Birkhoff and John Von Neumann ,n" aon," ., O"u,i,#r.f"r.lics , Annals ot Malhematics,3T, (i 936), 823-8,t3.
* .-t Gr; ^L;t/; t -:l .&. e: y,a
v
fr\ fFlt 4a| ;:;)-1- 1* Y'
' ':-" I
rtl; r*; ^;-5..- aL:: "\;
A 'J ,/: ,i2";14 "fi;1 a; ,;-tS il y.- :'S ;+t J i, a5 ,'-;lr a+- l-l .rte,;-t ) ) 6-ji-r; 1r ,J.j l.!i, -,i+U-) OS.t ,t jtt i.,L}-? |
L. g$- "y -u,o l; -u.rr* ilJ'jl JL.o 4 | c\r!.,U ;FLJol Jr,, rti;l .9r(--' 2lt+,^2- L--h t ,ty :L. *J -,6Jty "!,
,Kr-. .tL- a"-z:; ,S -u; L.r, ;1r" .Fu + C-r.:".5I b.,-rL; ,s t^- bi i ;i 1.' a5 ,;2r"1 cL-rp 1: .r-*l o.l;
a\-S ;tt , j ;t-l r;;-'o 13r )l cL)t "5l',,'l
:V, 1V.4t e)J
.1 L+ lrirp cl-,; g;1i(--., d c*l JL iL-- ar,- I
-,!I.-!li ,). e t,:I-r+ t' +5 ;Llr'- )+. A+ ) -;Ul-r;iLJul or, t,t-- .$- q"-S tS 4 pr;L* S.r :i* l-,
e,1 u'.1,.^, Wlri-, -r-r.'- ;t tlr,-; I W i cI r* , st tzt,); '*-L ,5! ,u+.r 4rg. \1 f--';lr:*llr, Wlri;.,et):'j; I-r+ r.[ g;L;K;r.!.*- ii 2 t;\:2 ,9 J--:
t --q\ 6L; .5-'L-, )lrL Fl .rUL ), .t:*l j ,-L>S
,.:;r,*^K;, -r.! r-rrx1 rr- kji )l "!. of .*-:, g;ii 6.+
C--b :r,_, rL-lr, .u*' J11.,s\S;;r .P;l .;-L;telt .,;-$ ,u i;-L .;*.1 ,'; ,r^L" .:J/.;:........... lF 1; .'-l: K-
qr! ,Ji- -,7.' l-2 laorb O,,-l i"!,5 6l,t+ a a'- ): 4-l 6,1Lyt ;Kt,-l-tt JL6L- r,.1 ;L-r; 2r I -*l or.e"; Vi;,;;r. La>
.;*l ;L;,rJr pr')Q tai--. O,-l "|- ..-r;1.; t^lD ,t"S d
I lr,.r- -r,_.q Jl;.:l _rl;l ;"1 tS \ S ,*l ,)j;'- 'oS u-l.-ui ;)[.^. .rl F;6 a J,,; JJ
cJ--,* rgl.r1' Fl'
r: rs; l:cJ.,q.r .ri+ tt_\ p) tr ?S JS;.: Ll ..;*leu-L.*' ^:6- 4*.it J.r<, r":: +! 4l;Ll ,;L:. .- JL a( .rJS,: ,, l, ,rL-!r, ;;-i, 1 la; l-l(,r,rI ( 1 ,.*l ,-,. .r!; ;2lr ,*_6 rr- Q-_1 d.r a->rc ;*lf:-:^ J -y.l ) dl ar" ;irL ;11 ";r , ,,- ^ ,Jrl .SGil:,s'-r-y Jy.l ,_p l-r- 191.r9,r"e
"r_ 1 Jl) u.-i;ti , J.;,L:.
.r!-r .-,J ! l+i ^t r:.:.:? p+ Its" ,r:"j,.r, (j* l-', ;t ..;L,.
,r4 tl s: .;t; -u"r.r. e-J aSill ! : 61..:.-_ l, ! t_ _r.:;ij l'
;jr ff- €:-:, J:-l ;'J u^;,-; (.uJ L;^ l) el*y5..:*l -r,;-rr* ,,\- ,-5 t ,,: ; l, 3[:- a5;er. ,rli; a, e[_;icir ,-LY, L I a-( -r,_r r.j s, ;Li ,;:.-S,f ;rr_ .r\S a.l Jl
.,; L- -,;l-, ,rs eL-r* .JL:. ,jli o;J .c* ,SltJ- ;* S ,eL * u\,r". oL-t r^.'.r .l, t- cst-t V;-l >";=;L-r;;'1 ,-tl - | 4 ;L.,, 4_1 .j- ,lK u, c;Kj ,lt..u;_;' p t) + .r,lt:-*, G_- :rr,+;*l .,,l1 Lr.._ ,r_*.Jl ,r.r dt,t C-t- r) r;r- +, )r;,r" 4:;r, i J,"r' - ^ 'J!rf u\-, gr---.6 -r,-4 -r l".c 3 ,;11 ;l;lg srst
.rr-r rK t All ,-r.V ;12.;-, ,rJ ,tls. , s _ul.-ul iLi;l
"-r.: "*si. dr:
"\; J:t, a).ra 1 jr:a f,lrt .,ljt<.
L.t;,l'5
4*.94|dRicbard B. Braithvaite. scientifb Erptatution Cambridgc: CanbtidF
Univenity PErs, 1953.r
Percy W. Bridgma!. The Logic ol Modqn Prryricr. New Yort: Ms@ilan,t927..
versity Prers, 1920.+
NorDatr R. C^mpbPJL What Is Sci.nc.? Laado\i Mcthuco, 1921.'
Philipp Frart. Prt orophy ol ftb,',c..Eageatood Cliff!, N.J-: PreDtice-Hsll,1957..
Wemer Heiseoberg. Physict ond Philotoph!: The Rcvolutioa in ModernScr'erce. N€w York: HarFr, 1958.'
Carl G. HeEFl. Atpects ol Scientific Erplanation and Oth.t Essays i^ th.Philosoplry ol Science. Gleocoe, Ill.: Fre€ Prels, 1965.
Carl G. Hemp€1. Inte ational Enclclopedia ol Anified Scienc., Vol.2,No. 7, FunddmentaLs ol Concept Formation in Physical ScErE.,CbicaSo: UDiversity of Chicago Pres3, 1952.'
Gerald Holton aDd Duane R.ollet, FoundatiotLt ol Moden Physical Sci-enc.. Re3dhg, Mass.: Addisoo-Wesley, 195E.
I
c1_;; 6!;U ftf
r( r-2b r1-..1 "9rU.1
Jt .-l af s.rc.. tX; l'lg--;j rl "-a,,bl.+) Jl .$ ,-)3-.;$;l r-;-., 4,,1 .2: eLr; ;-r,i_i ,.r
gi-,1.1: g;k*.o K. a_l+ c.iL-- ;r-; .215 r, 2l ;Q-- rl.r:-t. .
$*, +'U+- ,,tr "; L_ y: ,.r.:rr f+ ;;t+l ,+ L. , .b-*
.rk+.,,EL )l ,SJ,4j J-p. + 1.,1 L e ,rl.r r.lrl ;,J*:.-.rJ -l; .J, t:
fr0 &l.i|J
.rl-j J Lai
Albert Einstein. Sld€Iights on Relativit'J. New York: Dutton, 1923.
Philipp Frank. Prllorophy ol Science, op. cil., cbapters 3 and 6.+
Adolf Griinbaum Philosophical Prcblems ol Space ond fine. New York:Knopf, 1963.
Max Jammer. Concepts ol Space. Cambidge, Mass.: Harva.d UDiveftityPress- 1954.*
Ernest Nagel. The Slruclure ol Science, op. cil., chaPters 8 aod 9
Henri PoiDcar6. ^Scielrce and HJpothesis.London: 1905.r
Hans Reichenbach. The Phiosophy ol Space aad fr'me. New York: Dover,1958.+
i& dLr.Bertratrd Russell. Mytticism and Lo8ic, ChaPte! 9. New York: LongmaDs,
Green, 1918.* Reprinted in Feigl and B.odbeck, Readinqs in thePhilosoph)) ol Science, op. cil.
Bertrand Russell. Our Knowledge ol lhe Exlernal lyorld, Chapter E. Lon-don: Allen & Unwin, 1914.* Reprinted in Feigl & Brodbeck, R€ddirgrin the Philosophy ol Science, op. cit.
Moritz Schlick. "Causality ia Everyday Life and in Recent Science." Re-printed in Fei8l and Sellarc, Readinls in Philosophical Analysis, op. cit.
rlll irlrl -.e ;-r.2Bertrand Russell. Our Knowledge ol lhe Erternal ll/orld, op. cil., ChaF
ier 8.+
Moritz Schlick. Problems ol Ethics, Chaptet 7. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.:Prentice-Hall. 1939.
Charles Stevenson. Ethics and Language. New Haveo: Yale UniversityPress, 1944. Chapter 1l.'
flf a-[il:J
John Kemeny. A Philosophet Looks at Scicnce. princeton, N.I.: D. VanNostrand, 1q59.
Ernest Nagel. The Structute ol Science. New york: Harcourt, Brace &World. 1961.
Karl P^opper. The Logic ol Scientifc Discoyery. New york: Basic Books,1959.*
Bertrand Russell. Human Knowledge. Its Scope and aimlts. New yorkrSimon & Schuster, 1948.*
Israef -Schefller.
The Analomy ol Inquiry. Cambridge, Mass.: HarvardUnive.sity Press, 1963.
Stepbeo Toulmin The phitosoph! ol Science. Lordotr: HutchiDson,s Uni_versal Library, 1953.
n!U, ;rr-r.,Arthur Danto and Sidney Morgenbesser, eds. philosophy ol Science. Cleye-
land, Ohro: Meridian. 1960.*Herbert Feigl and May Brodbeck, eds. R.adinls in the philosophy ol Sci_
erce. New York: Appleton_Century_Crofts, 1953.Herbert Feigl and Wilfnd Sellars, eds. Readings in philosophical AMIysis.
New York: Appleron-Century_Crofts, 194t.Herbert Feigl, Michael Scriven, and Grover Maxwell. eds. Minnesotrr Stud,
i?t in the Philorophy ot Scin.e. Minneapolr:, Minn.: Unrrersirv otMrnne\ota Prcss. Vol. I. 1956: Vol ll. I95d; Vol. l, 1902.
Edward H. Madden, ed. The Structurc ol Scientifc Thought. BosLon,Mass.: Houghton Mrfllin, 1960.
Paul -Arthur Sch'tpp. ed Ihe phitosophy ol Rudotl Carnap.I a Saltc. flI.:Open Courr, I961.
Paul Arthur Schifpp, ed. Albert Einstein: philosopher_Scient.Lst. Evanston,Ill.: Library of LivinS phitosophers, 1949.r
Philip Wiener, ed. Readings in the philosophy ol Science. New york:ScribDer, 1953.
,eJ,;lrlNorman R- Campb€ll. Pryslcrr The Elements, op. cit., paft II: Measure_
meDt.+
Carl G. Hempel. Fundanentals ol Concept Fothotion in Empirical Sci-cnce, op. cit., Chaptet 3.+
Victo-r F. _Lenzen. tntetnational Encyclopedia ol Unifed Science. Vol. l,
No. 5: Ptorcdurcs o! Empiical Jcience. Chicago, lll.: Unrversily ofChicago Press, 193E..
_v_
-1
-!F-
A"Uojl-,
,slkl -,rr!,rr! - tlK;t
)
tA<J - .rru
,slll(J-15.j I
sterioisomers tplgt>vt_line rt ia
interval
uncertainty ;-..- 1ts ,jalprinciple
aniom_ o*y J-lpostu late
analytic s)k;ertr" J-lpostulate
meaning G.U- t'p, J-lpostu late
theoretical .rlL-rl ,sb)'*r, J-lcorrespondence postulate
real nu m bers
paradigm
The Divinedevine
factpossibility
elastic waves
j.i-:l.r.clAt^ir
r
- -,,lll- tl
,tl5- I
uoW.;tl Vlr.lelastic expansion se t+"rl tl ,,1
thermal expansion u1.tlr- Lt ,,1
.ilt _ I
trial and error l!; I ,aLriinstrumentalism atJ_rlitcompulsion ,!.1probability -.jLj-lstatistical .g;Ll ;!L*l
probabilityinductive s,tFt .,yLj-t
probabilitytransitional .921j'( ;)L:-l
probabilitylogical probability .,;L !,.yl --telasticity
Lln_,rtruth value ' rLt- 2 L.'") ) |
u n icorn CL d! c*linductive 9lj*t Jy_r:* I
inference
induction t;rtmaterial ,lut fljL-t
im plicationpartial implication (,'i+ ll.lr*tlogical implication jl-,1;L-ltheprinciple 16l,;lrr.!.1
of insufficient reasonthe principle
of indiference
abstract
reflexive
,ril
tli,s:Ve J-l
ft\ r"Uojll
pteudo - tPhcre
quati - ttraightconditionalirmtruth functional .ii,,l
cond itional
cou nte r factual Jconditionals
factu al ;si tconditional
sentence form
comparative .51r.--l';
morphologynomic formintuitionspatial intu ition
formal
antiparticleantimatlernecessity
schema
longitud inal
spectrometre
spectroscope
system .K.*,system of +Jl rlrill 'K-.,
si rictimplicationcorrespondence u[V) ;'\t2-'
ru les
designation
rules
transformationru les
formation rules
operational rules
binary
period-cycle
connect ive
continuumclursificato ry
Procestlcrming process
"J ,+
e.tJ L*cu J-rE *iJU {.i:
rE.*r
!rr,J* Js-;
s-U.i Jg
o:t,f-
t-tJ}
.,:- JJc_-l.j.iJ
l)r.Ll -11;-.,
,Jcri;lrJ*,
.r1L ;11;,
.;Lr'
)!r,u)
+")i_t.,
,5 j ,,l- .l;21
-..v
)object language ,ftot J\)aeJthetlcs ,r\;\;subatomic q-l t-)subintcrval .)\ /
cf
structure ,ELu niversal quantificr s".t' )rexistential 6r.t-t )r
q u ant ifier
-h
te nso r
absolute freq uency
relative frequency
distribution dt
cdeterminism ;;-.r..truth table .'-)tl J:t:additivity
's t-i. f
p rincipal direction J-l ,-eradical direction Jl5,rl, ;sl
I
Pin stot .f;r<density JK-hydrometer g.- JK'conceptual gi))l -rJl{-
f ramework
/calculus -t-an alytic judgmenl -i=l- 6-domain trbu bble chamber :,!- ;,,-
world line
geodesic line
directrix
degree ofconf irmat ion
C
)
-..1- L,.
mass phenomenon .,* ,n,phenomenology,r-!*:,'-r,-1dispersion J'Sttprediction .l-".t*a priori ,r+.a priorist l-S ,*
sentence fu nctionO
,r,J tJ-r<-r- CU
random ness
infinitesimal
exponential
fu nctionwave functiontransform ation
degenerate
triangulation
quasi -
conju nctionbiconditional
statement
sy ntheticoperationa I
definitioninv a ria nce
d if ractio nparity
successive
approx imatio n
serial arrangeme nt
a,Uojl-; ff.
-J."4!q-a
.r-. r. Cli.J...,"
S.'jJ.Ij
,sl.-, ^-,- .,-?j
'1;
.,-,1,1
4*--*
1r
Yff a"l;rjl.e
logic of selations
symbolic logic
logic of
.^-6L-g;.'t ;l-
*'*t,)t
causal moda lities
modal logic 644,)-passive J'"'a posteriori (a-e"''rL) ,r=*l
momentum :rJeV) l*:"\;-'e )- t lr-
macro body
macro qas )6 u
macro observable j! rsL! ^'
macro offect JrI- ..macro concept l',o. '-macro event r^i1.2 r.
electromagnetic .1,5J1;1"u,
field !,Jl;
non-nomologicalasy m metricrelation
,lroiUL
primitive relations '"l.rl .st+tiequivalence e .rtle u
relations
iheoretical ,s-b
theory u-jtheory of ,-;'\'L-9.
knowledgequantum theory dlS L--F
kinet ic theory 6;tK L-$of qases
set of :1,r..1 3L-
ordered triplesreal nu mbers
theory of
combinatoricspred icate
ul;ojl-e ffY
A4 t-)Jt.9_t^2,\.
of&
iiliJi L*l--
micro process
micro cause
micro lawmicro conceptmicro eventqualitative
cardinal nu m berreal nu mberimpossib itityu ncerta intysema ntics
optics
fact
hypotheticalhypothesis
open sentence
formu lapostulate ,froy
formu las
mano metre
Jtit
..JU
jL .iI- , t- j
J-l ,sVys
r*:, , La;
tts 3isJiLi.tp& 's&jt, s,#
L
one place predicate,.rr-Li, J r*'continuumsyste matic
pred icate
observable ;-ur' ,"r-rt:-
non-observational ;.r-:; ".i..1-:-
construct Lt-semantic ,r,-L-singular )Pconcept pa.a-
expectation v31ug (J;;lliil zb;.concept l+conceptual scale JlJrl ,J-!Lstatistical e;rLl e-ii\i
mechan ics
inst ru mentalism G\J)\i.l 3-conditionalism G-lJ L? rS-conventionalism .5,1,l1rr.-5-realism ,r'-rJ e\t -;S-possible ,f-inclusive C.. 6-logic of ;'it --l cJ.-
probabilityinductia logic s,-l
jr.l ill.deductive logic ,.,+l-' | ,:Lttwo-valued logic si)tl r ,.P-
3grou P ,-Sstatement,proposition rlJnegative statement JL ;rljtuniversal ,G );;.rtJ
cond itional statementnomological
statement
disc rete
magnetic
momentirrationalrational
meta language
meta science
taxonomycont ingent
met ric
tra nsitive
symmetrictransverse
class
.rl2 6;\; ',11J
{*J'Jv rru-:s
.5,5
\J
.,!i.t..,rL
,.:),-;_
.,'-,b
Clti,
statistical lawempirical lawuniversal lawlaw likenomological
deduction
.91Li ;;L;Gr" btli
"ffu ;;u-,, |.r...,y 6
.r'F
r)quantitative ;Sextensive magnitude 4."'. .=Jintensive magn itu de .)F ._-:3derived magn itude ,l;.; .:Smicro body F* d
-1{
(/)ri - ,.-lK;t
absolutefrequency O[.;liabstract t --stltladdiiivity ,stl" taesthetics ,rl;l_;analytic ( judgment)
(Jtl-r (6-)analyticity postu lates
;4-i i,,.r, J-la priori (4.,+,-.1-;u)
"+-:o.a priorist I,S ,t -.2,
asymmetic ;rbl
B
bicond itional statement
Ji t'J;binary .,1 Lr.
bubble chamber :,!- ;,-
c
calcu lus -L*cardinal number .)-l:*comparative morphologY
.91.i*UL r*L: .p;compulsion ,!.1concept n* - f*-
conceptual f ramework
Jl)rl _. f,rlr-conceptual scale s5lrrl .j.!tconditionalism o.lJ L; ,".5.
congruent .:^j+ econiunction 4tconnective !1,construct LFcontingent Lr-continuum ,,;-:., - l,,o;- L-continuu m of inductive
meth ods u,l,i,;-l ,9\-11 )ct,conventionalism .9.:1:rlj.-5-correlative def einition
,L+" jJ_correspondence rules
lr-'..,sE-) rt)r4)
cou nter factual co nd itionals5U +: r ,-U .rW;
cycle
D
ded uctiondeductive logic
degenerate
$.* - ',r'
.-F.,-F
ir"{n1+-r,degree of conf irmation+-L
_-_
universa I
forces
vocabulary
realism
mathematical
geometrypure geometry
co ngru e nt
isomorphism
Jr.--;te,.fLr_,:
)bg )t,
,g-tJett
6.'5L 4
s.\, Llit
g:--+- e
r.l;ojl-e fff
grou p theory Vrj L--bunificd field ;t-r., i.r-:. i,rli;
theory
theory of c=r Cr6relativity
excluded third dJlj .,'one to one .d,- 1 u! c;Gl,.
mapping
symbol ,tfunctor symbal !r^ U rLischcma tl'*rample /Jt
typology g-VLtItructure ,q,
dif ferential ;or""3.rL,li,- .5b;r1
-F-
L
law like
ftV a-ljojl_1
Kkinetic theory of gases ^.F
l,rt( .r-4
mean ing postulate J41
meta language
meta science
met ric
micro bodymicro cause
micro conceptmicro event
micro law
micro process
modal logic
momentu m
"!i.l-,rL-1, .1 ,.L
J'-t-
f": S
6Lsu;lt 4r jtj $ts, $
,*' "$-.u-r
l.:-r- t lr: .?r. J-S)
N
necessity a)r-pnegative siatement . ta t\5nom ic form cL, SS;nomologicalstatement ;rlJ
;l.t.r r U
non-nomological ;1y;r;ULnon-observable .r,.u-;.-r.rL;
oobservable j-u: .-DL:-
one place predicate Jt-.lt_ .rq
one to one mapping ;; K:ul: f .1,
open sentence formula J:")jt !--.
density Jt<"derived magnitud e ti;-- ,g\aiJdesignation rules jlll ;tr;-,determinism s--,_"idefferential forces u!:,V 196,;
ulojl ttt
F
fact (ClJ,.l ,j ,.t) dJUfactual conditional iU J;
5U,formation rules ,-r.;;L - llr:*.rfunctor symbol u-U ,!
.5* J, ulearning process s j"\ t:ttlogica I implication
".,L- 6tJ-llog ical probability;L; ell --llogic of causal modalitics .+!
&'-,logic of probability ,+-
-i Li- l
logic of relations -"J JL.ilongitudinal })
M
magnetic moment ) rE:S
.'+t;macro body r. tmacro concept l*, a,
macro effect J)- +macro event ,r.^ily r.
;6u
d iffractiond irect rixdisc rete
dispersion
distributiond iv ine
the Divinedomain
.erb t;
,,{Jtir H
hyd rometre e- JK"hypothesis *jhypothetical -bj
G
geodesic linegroup theory
I
im possibilityinclu sive
ind u ctio n
inductive inference
inductive probability
inertia
infinitesimal
interval
inva ria n ce
irrationalisomorphism
E
elastic expansion cf lnrl -tr ::lelasticity waves uo*) glr"lelectro magnetic field ,t[:-
.J\;,Alem pirical law &J.- jiUeq u ivalence relation r^.;
!ri)l eexcluded third -JU jexistential quantifier $)-r., )r-ex pa nsion lL-- t
expectation valuq .r,Urjl_,tri-explanation td.) x,.texponential fu nction
,./tJa+_extensive magnitude ..:.J
L
V'J "--b
elil p-rr
c'i c-
J!.u!6,1;;r_l
-'YL:- I
s,,l j:* I
".:..: r+.:.t
r!s2i.l;;
,;L u{
macro ga5
macro observable j! .-ra!, ,{.
mano metre e*)L:imassphenomenon 1,.--;J"+material im pl icatiep,.lllL pl;I; I
mathematicalgeometry L.r:r
,sol-.tmeasu re of curvature ;jlrjl
t;I
instrumentalism,JlJ)1'.1 -:S-intensive magn itu de ,:rs ;;S
-f f l a."r.;,j1_;
stereoisomers t-t*\rsVttt-\st ructu re ,l+ _)L;Lsubatomic ,s-1 t)successive approx imation *-y'
symbol
sym bolic logic
sy m metric
sy nth et ic
system atic
system of strict
T
taxonomyte nso r
^J lr-
Jt6't;L
;rb,J;
._L-{* -;r-im plication
.r5l f lji:- I 'K*.)
Lr.!.r).--.1.)tD
theorectical correspondencepostu late
,)G, sb )'*'.,j-\theory "-);theory of com bin atorics r"*L-
theory of knowledge .il, i,;thermal expansion jrl-.- lL*;1transformation .J.:+tranoformationrules -1;;*t
.L*+transitional proba bility jlL-l
6rS
c-:-:, f-r,u n icorn aL- ,r!- :*lunified field theory t.b
;lr- i_l,;
universal conditional ,lJstatement rV J-
universal f orces Jr*l;!- .tl"rr"universallaw J-t--k:;-rl,universal quantifier .'.tr )t-
U
u ncerta inty principle
vocabu la ry
wave functionworld line
operationaldefinition i-,J-'
operriional rules,-,1.. ;lrr;.,optics ,, &
P
paradigm JAIparity ..,16-
partial implication ,r. ll,l-\passive J."-period (-11,-) .-1.1,
phenomenology,r-l-; "-9-r.,,
possible ;<.-possibility jK-lpostu late 'o:-:' f,.|postu late formulas s|t S
,S*:'J.lpredicate one place J:*
.,1! rLpred iction
utrojl-i f'fA
quasi - serial arrangement r-:.,/
quasi-st raight
R
,3\ *;t t;
radical direction J lLf-_:l-l ;+r-randomness uLorational L;realism -13 .;t. --5-a-r c 'reflexive (J*i<;lrelative frequency ,r- tl:
S
sample a,.;schema .t-,t,-
|'J
sema nt ic ,r,_i:-semantics .p l-sentence form ,t r - -$-sentence function <'al- -uset of ordered triples of ic_,*
real numbers |t-N - ,-=-L.
;+; rr"i.c
s ingu la r
spatial intu it ion
spectrometre
spectro scope
sp in
tra nsitive
tra nsverse
trial and errortriangulationtru th-fu nctional
conditional
th ruth-tabletruth va lue
two valued logic
ty pology
l-L; .2 r-sLric\,L
.rirl Jr.+
u-tt| t ,i-.r-u Lt
J-\
jStt
,t t^ tt"lJ-
!;
prim itive relations +lrl .rk.:.-principal direction ,)- .^+.the principle of indifference
;tl;u"j'lthe p rinciple of insufficient
''reason ,rrKL ;Gr, .f-lprobability .;!L-lproposition ..tls
Pseudosphere 'j ,+
.tG ,r*e'-'+
.t\J.5rLI ;;ti
mechanics.grLl.:L15-probability -!1..j-l
'J -''L I
aquantu m theory
statement
statistica I
statistica I
stat istical
law
p-,5 L.p
,tl* ,stj "-z
jSlr:l;t',-+j.- ..,-- i*;
a* cv ,.-;,f ; at'* '.--:
;l- i"r- l.;
il t',-. j
,-rat,ar',+j.#+ ra"P s.ri
i'\r- *'*" I ji.* CV r+t
d,.-ji..l.f l+i
elJ+ ,lr j .-.r jiV ui;r-1 -;
jrlo cllr' ' "' rrl*lJ .-- +
)l-j.'I.ry)r
.;G.:il.9ti./,rL,y d4l
\t^r]_,;._
lbrl,a+ *t t 13iv
dlS 4bea.irl)l
s,rr! i,Ul Ui ,JU-b
s)Jjii )ljL-
"5; ,/,,r.J.t.r-J.1l.9l4ulrrt1
'nb tsl+l't;12 2: t:,;ti4
lr,r;Je-]lr
J.2 .p 6lc:-'-l(l-.(,JJr -Lij)
si..r.1 L3L+L,|,) rJk,0.'.r
K..;+j)tj'VD rJJa
r'Jy Jr1.,-. ,1.,-
tEit+ ut+lu::; .rdrtrdL+U-b jl dLr.r.j)
lJt r-t ,u !!"" t iil"
tttt't.r'l'Jl;tt> 5 t:-a s-l
d{l-
.rlv*iJt jJi'tj;v eLt'
.t-.15 ;L-l:1 ;L.2
-; -:- ,l -rt, a;;t Ji--1rt jijli /r= a
)12e1 gt2+ O
JlrU-l a6l' ',b"-.,
Id,jt..t.f a
6,U.!. ni ac4tt*a
,g 5'J I s-.t 1,, ll.rF 1l.lu O
drJl s-n I a,:---1.. t + O
,4.,- .;rt- O
jiiL-lr JJrt O4 "., nt 1
:zjlt.t;z-O
bt ert o
i\t.t its-t O
\?\r)a
6lr; 'et O
Y;i &t a
-t
"-'a v'',--;^!Ul-
r:.-Jlr,' ..-,,J)ttrlar
,/lr+,sta";j
etlt )t'/ br
jr\; ,/,-'-. j.tL! +-.-+-/
.,t;[;^-',)vL;'J1* es '.t
,t+\r'.+;j
Jtrt ; j +J
;u t-- | :;
,)t)t * )P -^'> a> J
,rt ri ,v j ,-. ;
t)l-j--t+j
iL.l i rh i :-- ;
;t;.t,*l -;
\t)\''b't),+i,rt.r-U ;*
"-r)
,27 tL;:! a-
't+llF:Jt'', ct=-t.'
)lrv;ttt,s i
ort j slrl
tE4)rtP6rl;-:) 4z cr ttl
Itt:t I ltttt,
U;utLzt u-j$ '52-
1cLl L 1lr-1
ri 6-:oV) Ja bt) ;t'i 'l)
,Fru ;t" ;lItl;)
Q'"'ilt:'JJt!u J,
oll-.t4!; iltlr
-<-l.) rllt+1" +'l
4- aVtt,o_t+- tlle
o;;t) i.F t Gt,,1! iJ* rr .;,ra,
.:-l .r,1i J, 11," .:.::lt't/u; t\ '.t)
:,1:-t S ,;5
aJ rutJ \ '-t";Llt itt:.-l ;.25'a
.-.,$ -1 Ll+ls:i -uL. t e-t )l
ri--..t,t!ut-4u-l I
t,L!,( J, rLJ .J\'.' ,J a
iaJ6L aJIi ;K
'j,\- r-,' j.. .r.,J. e.Jt tt.tO
,z,to ,\*'O;.-) t; ig , '. tlr\
a*u"'o
lr'J;! LJg a.;JttV=t t-: O
d jiiJ ."..j,l a
Jrt+J'.u-;i.\ a
a4 1t*.O
J;t J*,L ..i,-JJ -*'t a
/,L r-,9 _! 7g ajt,, r.- i- a
/)t;3
'i ;r ,.V O
o-)' ;\ I O
,+Ii. ,Utv O
s'..VCt, i )".1 a
L,uui,l tt .jjr+ a
xJ '-, J* '
'/t' ', hL "1..
bt) a- t . J' si)
r.S+ J-t' a6*i 'n "t'tt
J\ )tr.t j bU aJ)r-l ..r.lll '
\r.ut i f a,\-tL ." a
L,lri.Jil. O
iV j. )--: -t."+ r,*L"_
,? * '\rj ^.+,
eV ;rl- "
. t,-l -, t i, t\u ',-+ j
+,J J)- ,.. ..+-r
. i-1" I
4P+,aa-r"'.j,j ,r 'V
j ,.+ j,/t r, )1, j '^._ j
J'/ .t j /-+ ri* C|' ^^. ;c.,:*. *Lt
.r;-Ltr, '; L;J-}b+|
rllS-
,J-. J-. R L. j
,t-LL ;,. .-: j
-JL*-'*CU'*t
!,r.lrJy--.1 ;i
t,,_"!r.jx-,+;---l
I'rJlb.l j b,.
\t)6-rDt.).+Jj-l
j* Cv ^".,J.*)J :.-/!
z\!e,;l_ _
it\; ;' ' ""' i
,j t+ ,.la' ^--. j
,S |- -t\ t 4^ai
-\ * Ct+.'.-- ,
.,.1* '6 S ',^. ;,t^.t l- r' '* )
P _,"'t *,
.rrK: ;(- rr-c--.s.i
,i.t' JtL*
)r;)li ;1('lrlrL J rl, r) 'jr,-
*,J?l
f1?/l=r I #
Libi15r,.5t4L-tr
J-t st,, t- ,f 4rl,J *i -) i' ,u
c-; it-jjl!rj-';YJ.L ,-*L-, -;iiE, .!t- 4 ;,tJ
J-.,ri ,r,- o
.,l,lJJ+L-la,j )"tt ,r; aJl;rjK jJ<, a
<i6 !rl; a
tti.tyl!j ,)r a
,L Jr rt) a
ar* )rit a)lhl; Jr- a.i-DUlL3] a
,Ju l!!r a
e19,)eJ.Jv- . ,t,
uf
rt',, )- e-Jl c+J
.L .'ljiJtj a.:,
4; ;s; a:
J-''J 6 -',t-' O
)\ / i) ,- a6--; f s' ,. o
JS J, rg j)+J ai,( ;.r, a
r,-S S.- ja
J, I n-seo,'- j 's:-a,(* J,L,r,O
)sttJ.++ j---
t;:i yi'.-+ j ,9215).1: u-Ela-l
Jt,irl s-t 15 ui.J*: u't*.
etasl ..!jU r,(+
' "'bJ ":rt; j*
I,t*-+l'+-Fot e-r t 6,tt;_rt
.,!rL: rr i,.rj (Jtjli.r:;L.:jlrj,g,rl ,Jyli,
,5t-- s+t'tt "-; ;!t;6U*;;al,i ,lr)t'a j Jr_rF Jtj
irL ,! .rlj ;n ! i,4j \sD ;)q1'r'
sr+> br.--t trs-j,u-l:,t - -:.
..+ i l.c i-J) 2 ,gtu.r;t
Ji',.itlr-'4:j Ur*:rr.i-.fistL't;,, a-"i iJL.,)l ir\.r, 4g.1,
ttr-t
/ J' .,-'..., ,r,.:ti J€ -fuJr.,tttJ
,,rl .it )-Lat ;d;13oljLr.tJ -fui
lJbJt FJ gr+Jf-
,F-5rr,t).-;l gtji t'+
6.Al61lu 7..t : (.)
g;(l,t*J."r.tli
t'\j ti-'+ )g t s-U: J\) jt .
s-JU oLj rJ Jt
c-:J ;t+ ,spioLl LJ;l
s.-g+Aa
.'L-; r*,rL O
;lrrJ Jr, al'ly ust O
iriti.Ftia
rtt Gr di O
-I;rlJ a
)r?ts ci)l a
.irSL t a
.fu;, .,U.;t,,tl'Jia
si-- cL. a),:)- r-N a
e,JrJL- L_J+t afu'k
sLiL t-b-,j1 O
,rr- cr-.
-J.rlr":--,;"- O
(,,! j .r-- o
.,-ytr]+ O
./t-JLij r ,ll,.jJt, .il.+ aelt ) Ja. a
;+ ir--Jlrl a
,,trils.Lt .,9 a
-\ j\ .r-.
(,,-.,u ..,-ld: l) ir Lti jl, .)L:;t.r)-r-."*)i O
i t- t 6.3- ,1 7---;s.(-
