دكتور حسن الباتع
TRANSCRIPT
-
. -
.
. , +*) ('&% # "!
> ) ? *@ +?>= :% 9 8 54 1 '
54 "B HDG ?>% 54 F+) +? : 8% ) 1 +E1 D# 54 'B
> + ) > B 'B iniffuR( 85 :0002" )'HB"F +
. +? 'B :% # )
'V H ) (T ) S> B & . ,R Q+P ?>
: +:# ) B "B 'V > % ' %
Y 5:+ "*9 " 'B ?D% B (T W> '9 "G B
..^F 'B T> ^] \ >Z% B [ ) "Z% "Z% +H8= Y
, . H la te itnelaV( 3002 : 373)_^ " 'HB " 'B F +F
( 5:+ 5>h :+ g T + : B : ) ^f Q % 88% B
:\ Q ( 1 ) +D: : B ) \ Q +:kj i
. #% 8 H+% H::# " % "% : Q?) >Y ( > WB / :
:+
5:+
(
5>h
&%$ # " : ( 1)
-
- 2 -
%+Fp +: % q Y % H+ " % 8 ? B % ! ) j*+
)?( # ) &" ? +:5 % r> 4^ %# .
9D8 B H G> B+ ' > r" : :
1- " $) "Ruffini $%&* +, :
+ " BH') "2000 : 58( Ruffini B % %: H ) H B
=,+ % YS: ( B' 9H* B+ B >:
- ./0 /# : gD? #Q B YS: B+ =,+ S: B : ) 9
9:8+ 9H :t(>+.
- ." : :k:" =,+.
- 234 523. 54627 Home Pages and Contents : YS: )*+ =,+ %( B
%+"home page @E : %( \ )* :( ( 9H + B
:( # %'k" gH :.
- 5228+22, 9622* Site Navigation Structure : %+" %( ) H : + =,+
#: B5^ x :( ( B B YS: %: =+: ( )" y" & %":
B" YS: B >! YS: B9 YS: B:> H YS:.
- *46 : % > YS: ( Y> Bp>H+: %W?> :k: B' h8H
:. : D8 %D B' %(' Y ( %:9? ( :W %&'(.
- 5:; = > : yD ,Q )" > [+ %# 9 : :k +
%5( *> %Q? )+H ]H .
- ?23 @A2* B28 2C Selecting a Web Authoring Program : =+: @q r" !
S %>8H t. r> ^ =,+ %,> B' 9 =5 T # [
r> \ ) g' h( B' ? :Front page 2000 Home Page Visual
Page Dream Weaver.
i jk:+)2 (#: > B YS: R+ " BH') " 2000 : 58 (Ruffini :
-
- 3 -
,+ *&%$ iniffuR " )$" :( 2)
: ,nayR .la teFC " 3 " -2
+ : ) :# > (.la te nayR0002 : 34 15) _^ " + "+
:?Y Q ?% +H ( Q% ) D5: % ' +B " "\ Q
. *) FR Q% ( ^] ) "Z% : *4% IGHG%5 -1
. ,= 'B 9 :#B+,= H: \ D# ! : G%5 *4.3. ;H &% -2
QP +,= (+ (: " + f 'g Y ^y : G%225 *4.322. 422 -3
% :k: B 9 H% 'B Q% :k: B 9 H% "H?>
. ( 9%9 '* +? "
+ 'B FR Q% (+ ^5: +f >% , : G%5 *4.3. =*# 2&% -4
#/ -1 0/.
-7
". -2
-3
-6
* -5 645
-4
-
- 4 -
.:8y :+ >HB !5% 8D *Hg ) ^5% 8%
i 8% E : ( \ .8= 'B : :? 0. =?3. G%5 *4. -5
. Y ") 5=
( pF+% : 9 :*) # +B : G%5 *4.3. H -6
.#%
. D5% HF 8= ?: : \ Q% !: G%5 -7
. % ? ! : G%5 :T -8
8," , 8," * Z% +f :+ H9B :*) Q% :+: G%25 223 -9
.+% H!54
:(.la te nayR0002: 54)_^ " +" +R > :#( 3)+:kj i
FC " 3 ": ( 3)
: &% .la te ffilloJFC " H@" -3
:*4% IGH .^] ,9: ?9 .1 . -3. >Z% % .2
:*4.3. ;H &% . :#% -. 9+% -. '% -
:*4.3. 4 .,= 'B ( 9%
:*4.3. =*# &% . .!5%-. "Y - . >HB -. 8D :8y -
:*4.3. =? 0. :? . : Y -. i 8% - . E -. : 5= -
: *4.3. H . : -. 9 - . pF+% #% -. ( -
: . HF D5% -. 8= ? -. : -
::T . % -. -. ? -
:3 . 8," Z% +f- . :+ H9B - . +% H! -. 8," 54-
-
- 5 -
:# : > + : (.la te ffilloJ1002: 38 26) _^" @#:"+
,Y : 5:+ : : ) 1% ! ^5: \ D5: Q: "Y Q ?% B
:#9 :+9 ' +B " "\ Q
1% : > :B! \ Q% 8 ^5: : &% G%5 *#+ -1
(+ i x% (+ :k: (+ ^]
.(+ 8: :+
(+ 8: (+ T8, % : B ! 14 ^5: : G%5 *:3 &% -2
.(+ + :
^ #9 :B ! \ Q% ^f ^5: : G%5 &% -3
neercs dna ecafretni resu lacihparg polveD #9% ?D 8:% S:= !i%
draobyrots poleveD :Q% % trahcwolF Dy T?"% setalpmet
.( : >
) :+ >HB :B! \ Q% "Y ^5: : G%5 *3 &% -4
1 h Q (+ 5> ) ?9 (h ) ^4 :
.#% 9 ,+= B
: la te ffilloJ(1002 : 38 26)_^ " #:@ " +R> : :#( 4)+:kj i
,Y :
:
:
:+ :
8,%
:^ %
p+ (+ %
( B
?: ^B(+
. HF+%
^> ( %
+ : g,B
Hj +
:+ . >HB
T8, (+ -7 %
:Q% - 31
%
: ( -41 .>
:+ - 51 >HB
:#9 - 61 )
,"% - 71 %
#% -81
:1% -1 >
^] (+ -2
(+ :k: -3
x% -4
i :+(+ -5
8: (+ -6
-
- 6 -
: X3? -4
> ) D5: B +,= >9 H ( 241 -931 : 1002)+ p+=
:' +B \ D5:
.H&9 (+ % B 8 *H9 " > -
.(+ : % ) E@ + ! (+tg 5> >% 8% -
. W> > -
.HF "8D Q p ",% ( -
"k'% Q ?,4 .^ lmth.xedniQ 'B i g H9B ?, '9 -
.B (: :
) W+h Q - # -Q,[ :SY ^ ^ :SY f E8?% % "Y 9 -
.i : ^ (+ H: >
D ) 1 +H! > ) ^4 :SY D] g >: -
. !g ) ^4 H: ?"h (+R ) : ^
: 8 6 -5
: " \ D5: +B > ) D5: ( 12 -81 : 2002)+ "
.(+ . ?:% -
.(+ (: H&g -
. (: i ( += W> > -
-
- 7 -
0002 segaPtnorFq@ ( :+= "8D Q "r ( :+= t "r -
.0002 droW
>r ( :+= +>j q@ ( :+= "8D Q " : ! > -
8*'% :SY ! B :' ^% ^ Q ) W+h > H! 9q
. ) "?% ' H% ( :' "G :SY \ D% , # ) H% H% "
: Z *.3 :6Y H -6
"8P " F SQg & + > :# ( 211 : 3002)W: 5 #:
" +f " ) Q : S "( 9 *H% 'B Q% nagaR & htimS" # "
: ' +B " "\ Q *Hg ) 9 syllyW .E dlanoR
:! \ Q% 9 % : G%5 4% -1
.( "Z% & + % -
54 + :#= ! \ 9% ( ^] : ( ^] 54 ) -
. "k'% ( _ ) B +: > :' '9
9 % B +89 5= > + : \ 9% !: ( ": -
. 1 ( (: > >5% "5:+
:! \ Q% 14 ?% : G%5 -
*) kY . #% (+ g H& : %225 *22 Z22 -
(: H&g S% .!5% potkseD ! g ) 85j =
& >(P (: >i :Q% H :Q% .^> S% (%
.8) :+ H >++% 1 #9% H& g
H #9% "H ( ?% : *) \ % 9 % : %5 -
"59 "( ?% "y H& "D !> % 8: tpircS avaJ8:% "% "r
Q: >i ( >(P H+ HS!% (: ,+>B 1 ( H&
.% ", ^5 p:+% #: # ^> (h )1 !> %
-
- 8 -
9 \ % ,+= H& H% 854% "9 : %225 #322? 22.[$ %Z22 -
. #:= : B &9 1H T5> .B ) ,R H&
: ) ?) *) \ Q% : G%5 3 -2
% : ,9: ?9 + 'B FR D5: 5>h H& H% : %5 *:T Z2 -
.\ "9 (h ) '% H&
. ( r H& ? '9 + : %5 *3 :T -
: 9 >5% " Q% > & + Q ( 1) +:kj #
/ *:5 8 G%5 *.3Z * G : (1 )H.
[B / &% G%5
4%
.( H&
.( "Z% H& - . 54 ) ^]( - ( 9 % ( ) ( ": -
.( (:
.+ 'B ^ % (
. H&
.kY . #% - .(+ @ H& - . . - . Y H& - . #9% - . 9 B -
. >B
,+=
.>B
."H ( ?% - . H #9% - ."% "r H& - ."y H& "D !> % - . (: - .( H& !> % - .T^> H% .88% -
+ Q: % T^> - .>B
.H& #[ 5>h -
.5>h H&
. 5>h - .+ - .S>% 54 - .% HB -
.4Q& Q: 5>h - .+ 54 -
3
.+ :+ H& : .:+ 5>h (g - .:+ 5>h
: . ] =Y G. -7
'h 8: > :# ( 971 - 451 : 5002)W: > :8 Q >
' ) 5:+ F H:( 8 142) H& 5>g " +f H T
'B #% \ ( 142) : H T ) % 'B +f ! 8D (=
(: Q% H9 ) ^f Q ?% 5: F R ( !j + : H:(8:
: ) D5: % "9 +B
-
- 9 -
@ Sh H H& :% g [ H QR (+ R +HB : : G%5 4% -1
:! % D5y ( H %
. 1 + TQ x::kY +! ( :kY ) : *4% IG -
.SY F 8H!q 'B FR D5: + (+ : : *4% ". -
! \ D5: (+ (: % ( 9 B 8: H,[ ) : *4% &%5 -
.S> ) ) ^4 89 %
.+! \ (+ D] % ,?% T#% H?% : *4% C[> &%^ -
..#9[ 8% ! ( [% : _5 &%5 .35*4% -
+HB kY T8,% 4% HF ^ % % H : G%5 . -2
:% ' +B ? 9Z% T8D \ Q
FB !% 'B HS! : 'g + (+ 8: +f +! : . =% .3 ` -
.HF !+Y 8D #Y "% + Q +> 9 # >(:
Q% :8 % B 8?D 'B > \ 9 : 22. =22[ &%225 -
B H 9 ) # Q: :' H! (: : !
. ...i :' pF+% #%
. g Q,[ :SY "H\+! : 35. -
. Q 9 :+ B ! ^> QP + :+ : . 3 -
+HB 5>h .B H& ) # q ) !p D5% % (h . : #322?G%225 -3
:> +B :k:% 1 H(g 48D \ Q%
+ 'B FR D5: ,+= :SY "! ' ) ^4 ^: :SY : #3? ) 9 -
. " \ + + "% ^ "%
4 'B + ,+= :SY ,:% p ) 5 : #3? + #5 7X 9 -
.W4 1 # +4 4% ( 01 5) Q
,+= i>% Q ) 54 F+) 'B FR D5: + : #3? )$ I=;. 9 -
.+8: " 1 # +4
-
- 01 -
" % ,+= ! \ % qB Q R+HB 5>h B H& F : I=;.G%5 -4
8: 8 ( ?% 8: ,:% > : Q% ,+= H %
.8: 'B ,:% p
:FR Q% +B ! " T8D B g+HB '(] H& ^> 4Q : 3G%5 -5
. F :+ FB 9 5: , S> "+ 5>h T^> QP : *3 *4 &% -
4Q&% 8: ) 1H 8% + :+ D5% % "H : *3 ;:5 &%5 -
. + \ ) ^4 "5S% :+ 9F p ?, +k9 ) ! 4
:> :8 Q > W:R > 'h 8: H& :# ( 5) +:kj i
Z . ] =Y G. )T =%: ( 5 )
: 4. / -8
9
G%5 4% -1
G%5 . -2
G%5 #3? 9-3
G%5 I=;.-4
G%5 3 -5
( >Z% )( ( (: ( . ( TQ
:+ :8 % 8: +f
,+>B Hj
,+= Y ,:% p Hj
,+= 'B T8D Hj
:+ D5% % :+ (
8: ,:% >
8: 8 ( ?%
8: 'B ,:% p
-
- 11 -
> ) "Y Q ?% ( 531 921 : 5002)+ : : ( 9
: *) Q% ) 9 % "9 +B
,9: ?9 ( + (#% :% *) \ Q% 9 : G%5 * -1
. % (+ .) 54
: % #% + W (: 8% ( :*) \ Q% 9 % : G%5 :3 -2
.^ : 5 8% 5:+ 5:+R H& (: :k:B :' "
#% . 5:+ 8,% :+ :+ :*) \ Q% 9 % : G%5 3 -3
.,Y " :+ (9 ( H9B ) :+ ,B ( >HB ) :+HB
+ 'B FR Q% #% H > H(g Q% #% : G%5 H&5 -4
,% >i Q% :+ ?"% '*4 ) pF+% #% ) ^B (: [4 9)
- *@ 8% ' +h "H : -" 5> 'g
.f + "Q% #%
> 'B !"g Q 9 'V > x ) " +*j 8>h g
: ) Q % - Y ^4 ? ) : ^ '4 + +D: : ) H ?"% W
\ D@ 'B 9 D% " Q% ( 5:+ ,+= :+ x \ H
"G H "(+ "G D] % "! >i ">Z% ' 9 F +? (g H:
p+= " 5 _^ " #:@ " " 'HB " % H )
#: QP *H \ H 'B "G Q9 "G 9 B ! "! >i % >
>% :+= % F\ i > % ^ "r q@ H8
'B D "H: +H8= "Z% ?"% ) H + ) ' ! > 'H
:B 9F H: 'B (% ,Y +[ "g : 4'B "9 ) : ' +B @
:
H +! 'B B +,= +>9 #Q :@ +?9 F H:
,+= ( : B Q ?% 8 ) F H:+ :>
: (6) ^5: '% "9 :kj "! Q% ! :+
-
- 21 -
pF+%
#%
#%
+
.:+ 54 -1 . > -2
. > #5>h "5S% -1
. ) D
) 54 S> 5>h B -2
.(+ p >,% H8>% -1 ."y "D -2 :8y B +,= +*H9 )
: 8: ^5% -3
.: 1"% (% : 5 '+:
:Q% . ! : I .(+ . % -1 .(+ (: -2 .H& H(: -3 .(+ ^5% ? 'B -4 .^ :8y % -5 .(+ 8: :+ 54 -6
. % (+ .- 2. ( ^] ,9: ?9 -1
.>H% .88% ( -4 . (+ 9 !5g -3
G%5
4%
G%5
G%5
G%5 #3?
G%5 3
.^ H: H8= :SY -1
.( kg 54 ) -2
G%5 &
:Q% t% ! : f(+ > > -1
. trahcwolF D+5% T?"% -2
. ^4 -3
.>
-
- 31 -
: (6 )
: ' +B @ B # B > 'B Q%
:G%5 4% -1
: >9 " S% B Q% ) D5: B +,= *) \
:( ^] ,9: ?9 -1-1
:' +9 5> 8% > t \ 5> 'B k ) +,= ^ 54
+?H 5= ) " 'B S 4 W= #9 >: Y % T " Q
'*4 ) k :' "G 9 8D >: >+ B ET 54 +H8>g
:"(+ 5= 8% > :' 9 % 'B 54
.swodniW8D -
.droW "r 8D -
.( >r ) .S ,% -
.T ) "r ^ 'B _ Q -
.'% "G 5( D% ">Z% -
.":k: D
% 'B >(P ) :SY -
.8D ( >(P % D
% -
.x: '9 D[+) : Q :SY -
.j :k: % "D
g > -
.'B :' '% Ei # H, +,= :' 54 '% > .
:(+ . % -2-1
) +(g +*% ++ QP +,= 'B > % > ":
.+?g 9F
:(+ 9 !5g -3-1
+ 'B FR D5: (+ 9 !5g B +,= 54 , H 89 [Y
:g > ) \ 9 .!5% +B
-
- 41 -
.(P B +:' , 9 .!5% 'B 8D ( > -
+ "G :SY 8k9 S (: "! Sh 1 D] "G : B >y >W -
.g1 "9 !5
[H 'B x (: >i x !% 'B Q H 9 8: F H -
[) 'B H HS!% "9 : Q: 9 !5g T ") ' ,:%
.,: ' "H9 (: H9% \ 9 T8? ) "G H p*% 'B
.8 >+ B 8>9 ' ") 54 "*9 >G 8 -
8H Q: "G 9 !5g \ ) ^4 S 5= ">G 9 % kg 'B :S@ -
+(] "G +,g !5 +," 'B "H '% "H?g q +5= Hg +( "G )
:SY +D] "G T + ") :#) +?Hr "G > + = + +H!B
."+ S% "++% x'% (: >i ,:% ^> + : >% % :
. >5% " Q ) Q tnioP rewoP Sg 8 8 (: -
.Q 8Z% :+ FB 'B 9+% Q -
:>H% .88%( -4-1
:+! ( >Z% % +B
g #g QP +,= > ( & D] Q :SY " : [% -
. "% :SY 8%^4 ' H% ( + ( :SY
T +( S 8% 'B t F H: ) : 8% -
: #9[ " ( "H?>% 54 F+) T + QP +?5Y 54 8%
'h # ( H&% 8%>: % " ' H9 , 9 !5g "
.8% ^ rebyc+ H9 +* 8% ) ^4
,= :' ) #9[ >: % " 'B D% F\ "(P +: .#9[ . -
B H8= "G wohS ataD?:= 54 +,= [+ "q#9[ ,B
. 5>% sDC ^ :% S ,% resaL9 .!5% "k'% :' W"
:G%5 -2
-
- 51 -
' +B @ (: Q% ) D5: : ?) Q) \ Q% !
: Q)B 9)
:*) D5: % : Q% . -1-2
:*4.3. ". &%5 % -1- 1-2
"(P @ 8: ,% "! Sh 'B > 8:% % . +,= x%
"(P p5B ?:+ ( = :+ + : F ?: S"4 4Q&%
'B ( ?% "(P t kY \ . > +,= TS ?: F
.(% . % Q Q '*4 ) :+Y \ . Q
:*4.3. 4 -2- 1-2
f . % :k: (: ) 1 g +,= + H (+
% 8: 5>:%TW4 ) #Y >(: 8 "% .#H>% \ ) ^4
+ ) ^4 i> % ) 1 'V : 8 F +,= ":k: B 9 -
. [ "g ) ^] +(:+g ) : +,= )
:4 7 *Z -3- 1-2
"(P ) ?9 Q ) Q +,= H&" (+ (: ^R
:! +B + +,= +?9 9 5=
.S :Q H:9 -
.S H:g -
. 9 "(P +*) 9 B +,= +? 54 (g +: 9 -
'B > 8:% "(P : S"% 4Q&% @ ?: : . % -
.:SY R ) S> 5= " T9 )
9% B 85 +9 8t 5= (: :k: ) #9% : 9 :k: -
g ) #9% ^ 9 > ) ' (: "G : >5% " S
f (: - S : : 1"% (% +B \ :
-
- 61 -
S : 9% 8E 9 +,= +*) 9 (: '>H?>% : (:R9 -
:#g 5= (: @ +: "g S +>Y "G 9 ^% Hg5= #"%
8D ^ q :#g ^: :SY ( "G
"H?>% 8% F >% 8% % ' ) ) S
(: 'Vg 'B Q% :"% : 5= g ) ^4 9 B + @ "9 'Vg + g
."! B +5 "G ( B ?R , 9
.= , h '9g 9 B ! "G B 5: !5% -
. 'B i #F D Q ) Q : tnioP rewoP +% -
8Z% H:% +! +,= Q 8% QP 9+% +qB 'B 9+% : :+ FB -
.': 8,"g g % #" ) 5= q ) (+"(P
:*4.3. C:5 0 )$ 4 -4- 1-2
' g ^5% ? 'B 8 :kY" ? (: ) (+ H
: % #
"(P + ' W4 6 4") ? 54 ,: % p ,:% -
.,:% (h 9 ) ^4 (: HS!
(+ H?h ,:% ?Z: ) 8 : g ' ,:g ) : ( 9% 5: -
., Y H>g g ) > #"% ) 9 5Q% ) W= "R
W= Q ,:% ,% * #+% ' 'B ,:% oiloftroP! 8, , -
., 9 !5g
:C =[h &%5 =5 -5- 1-2
Y 'B > 'V ) :8y % ?D% B , +8: & .
W9 + ) :8y QP :' H: 8: : t"% (% 5 +: : x
,: .^> = ^% HS!% '*4 ) >+ B + H (: >i
. & FR H " +(h . B +? (9 +,= :@ % > %
:*4.3. =% *3 :i -6- 1-2
:+,= :+ 5= 'B Sg "9 %
-
- 71 -
H HS!% !% ^ ) ^4 8D >+ B x (: >i -
.) #% % % 02+D] 9
.) #% % % 04 9 !5g +D] 9 -
.) #% % % 04 T^> H9B (: +D] g -
:*) D5: % :Q% t% -2-2
g > +>j 8% F Q% . ) QB T9 ) "
'B FR Q% kY : ^5: +*% +H>pB + : g +! g ) +QP
: "9 +B ^5:) Q% > :H
:*4.3. * -1- 2-2
'B "Z% : D% " +B +,= "G > H >
#9 8:% : eniltuO esruoC^5% : % )
.+ ? 54 sknil >WT 8: :+H D5% "% H] %
: % trahcwolF* ;3:5 I085 -2- 2-2
?D D+5% T?"% 8 D55B ": .i 9H8% :kj "Y
: ) 8> 8D D+5% T?"% +B "g ) >W (
. (g >) ?? H5B !i -
. 8% Y ^+) ": ) HR -
. :k: ?% % ,[9 ? ,[% Q '% + ) 89 -
.> 8, + ) #: g H (#% 5:+ ,% "G :" B :#g 5>g -
) 1 +,= ' :% 9 F ? (g 9 ! + ( B H:H+,=
: ( "(P ! +B +,= QP ^+5% ?"% t (
: 64 &5 -
"G ( % B . ?D > H: ) +% +,= +*)
: \ ( +B"4 ) 'B .8 %
-
- 81 -
+,= (% >+% B &9 ?D + (9 ", + = H: :SY B: (% ?% -
(% (: +,= 8 ,9% ?Z:% ) kg : (: \ (% > %
+qB :SY 'B 8 H "G q1 B ,F >R ?D ([R 48 ?%
: B +B ) .+: B H ?D ( >5% "9 ?%'B S= (%
'g 5> 4% 8g : : ) QP : (% :@ -
. g % H % :+ 54 S% "#Y RH(:R
"G : ) ) QP 8g "+R B E4g % g : (% -
.: :#R !> % 8g >% " %
. "G : % ) : > 'B 8% T9 H9 : (% .^> -
QP +,= 5= ^: 8% +D 8g ) % 1 : (% ^ > !D% -
."% % D% "g
: 764 *7@ -
: +B H9 % ( ( > ) B +* +,=
^ "g "! (j B (% >+% B &9 ?D + (9 ", : (% ?% -
:+>y "\ (% ) T>W .88% %
. ? F% % T "g : (% -
D9 "+ B '*4 ) * S% "q8 54 +) ": (% 54 -
. ? 54 ,: Y (+ H?h ,:% +
. '*4 ) Q ) Q * S% ". % : (% . -
." B (:+9 * S% ":Q * Q S% : (% (: -
+,= * S% ".!5% % D% " Q ) Q B : (% .!5% % -
. 89 'B : (5= ,
D% " Q ) Q * S% " +% : tnioP rewoP(% +% -
. #F ih D \ :Q 'B i
. * S% ":+ FB D " Q ) Q : (% :+ FB -
. * S% "#Y 5>:% % >5% ": % #Y ( -
-
- 91 -
. : : (% :@ -
. ?D "G ) % 8D "?9:% : (% T8D -
) ^4 FR (% >(P 'B ( >(P D% (: : + ) 5= : (% >(P -
.>5% "9 !5g
) ^4 W :k: #+ + ) 5= ) ^4 FR (% !% 'g : (% H HS!% -
. :k: :#: "
) 5= ) ^4 FR (% # Q: >i "! [) Y [4 +: (% (: >i -
. [4
+?5Y 5= ) ^4 FR (% ^: "+R D F +:'R : (% >+ B -
.W= ? 8g +8 9 !5g
+?5Y 5= ) ^4 FR (% TW4 .^> 4 B +k9 : (% .^> -
." % F\ : 8 9 !5g : "!q :
. 8g +?5Y 5= ) ^4 FR (% "% h : (% -
+,= % 9 !5g "G D% "q * \ (% : (% -
.8 \ 'B ) T 5=
:* 6 -3- 2-2
) D5: 9% B +,= +:9 ^5: 'B % >
") (: : B % ^% +H: 'B > !
lacihparG ") ^ ") #9% 8:% ) ")
:B : ) FR 4 ' +B @ ecafretnI resU
:6 8^ &% 4 -
,: ") ( (: #"% ) 8Z% : + F H: ) ) ^4 8=
: !5g ' +B :kj :#[ ) \ .8= :+ FB 8D ( >(P , 9
: # 8^ 764 4 --
-
- 02 -
W: +) H ( (: i+y 'B (% +,= +
(% 'B 9+9 (: +?5Y 5= ":85g H ") Q (% "(P
.141% . : [ tB #: D@ tP T (%
: H85 ^ =_%5 3 k*$ --
Q : Y (: #"% ) 8Z% :+ FB D " Q ) Q
pF+% #% ':+% T8,"% 5= ^ 'H +,= 5= +H 8Z% :+ FB +,=
+ Hg T ?E B "H #"g "(% &9 g 8% D>R +,= #"% ((% Q .8Z%
#"g "D5q &9 g 8% D>R ',= # 5= #"% ^5q 'B Q% ?E B
.g #% F + Hg ) #"% ((%
: =;. 4 4l --
Y (: "! >i QP + ) + 8D ( >(P B +(9 Q : 5=
.5= >(P ) : >5% "9 !5g
: # / &% o:n --
+qB 'B % 8= 5= 9 !5g ) S> 5= Q i ?% Q+t
. '% !Wg ? +,"B (h . #: 'B "HR#9Y (:
:&%^6 8^ -
QP + ) 5= + Y Sg ) ^4 >+ B (: H+) "+ ) S%
>i B +(9 54 54 + ) 5= ,B "! [) ) ^4 x (:
5= Y Sg "! x [) ' Hg 8D H HS!% !% ":k: #+
. :k: WQ9 " 4 _^
:6 8^ &% &% -
>+ B x :+:' +,= ) . B (h ")
.: >++% :Q% .^> (: >i H HS!%
:6 8^ &% H/5 6 =5 -
-
- 12 -
) H 8:% +R ?DecafretnI resU lacihparG+ ":#9% 8:%
) >W ii% >: + g ?D ) +> H9 "H 8:% . : T
+,= +?D 9 t D% ?D 8> 8,"g + pF+% #% :+%
8= +,= 8D ) . : 8 (% . 9 'B
: H?% 'B ( >(P ^ 8 ?D +?D HB +( tY :
.H "% % 8D (: >i
:G%5 -3
:B ^5: " FR Q%
+ ) >H ( B @ "t> LMTH p% +,= 8D: (+ p >,% H8>% -
QP revaeW maerD "r egaPtnorF tfosorciM>r 8D Q "r (+ FR p%
p +,= 8D 'B >,% "9FR p% - ) #= ^> T ( "q9 [ \ >r
.k H % tpircS avaJ PHP
R ) 54 Y : B D+,= +>y " ) : "y "D -
. (+% (: >i H HS!% >+ B ( >(P &: \ D
tfosorciM "r r 8D + ) ( 'B "% H: :#: : H: "% -
tnioP rewoP +% "r 8D + ) egaPtnorF tfosorciM"r droW
. (: "! :#[
: t"% 8: D55% ) ^4 +,= : : t"% 8: D55% -
8D ,9 " tnioP rewoP droW tfosorciMi % q1 >Z% .: 'B ",B
T8% ">G : t"% 8: D55% ) +,= pohsotohP ebodA tniaP",B
.^4 " ,% "*9 ">r B 8>h i 9
#9 ^ 8: (% fiG "G T +,= : #9 8: (% -
) "G "r >: ,[ 8: .x ( + ) "G \
8D "9 "y H H ' "H9 "?9:% \% ,+% F\ )
.:k: >G ^ ) \ 'B :kj "G
-
- 22 -
"G \ ) ^4 "(P 5B q1 #F"% : : +,=: : -
"r _^ redroceR dnuoS swodniW "8D "r " ,9 sD.C.S ,%
:8% ?,4 (: ": "G .: + ) : : > ) 5:
.>5% >W 1 "(:
\ ) (9 "(P > ) . B +? +: 5 +,= : 5 +: -
. sD.C "G .S ,% ^4
:G%5 #3? -4
54 +) " 'B FR Q% '(] q ) 4Qg 5>h ?9
"5S% :+ 5>h . : \ Q% "D5:) ?) '*4 ) ,+>g S> B
"9 \ ) 'B , > ) S> ,:% ) D
t% > + B +,= :' 'B >
:\ "9 F kg ) 54 ,) D
) 'B
.>% (:+g i g H9B 4Q&% H& : H8 -
.! ! 4 H% .^5 4% ! +% ! 4 ^ 'B -
.(+ ) ( : )
: 8: : : -
. ( epacsteN ro rerolpxE tenretnI: ) ^> ^4 "r j D% t -
.
: 8: ^5% : : : q ) ' >g ) -
. :SY >5% "(: S> 54 skniL >W'(] -
SY ) #Y : ) : "9 + ) +?D9 B 141% W :#
. "4 >i ": 4Q&% >i :1 5:+R FR 5 B
" ( \ 5 , p H8>% 'B k: \ +>j #[ 48D ) S> ,9:
k TQ "H?D% ) 'B i g g +,= +H>g x ?9 ) 54 ()
"k'% Q D.C S r lmth.xedni @ '9 H9B 5>:% (:%
.^ B (: : ,H> * ,9 'B D5y Q1 ! % 'H% 'B
. F +?*@ revres D
-
- 32 -
:G%5 & -5
" ^> 4Q% +,= ^ Q i + ^% 8*'% :SY "9
+ H ^ H: :SY +? "?9:% Q&g ) S> 5= +,= ! kg >
:Y ( : 54 ) 8g 1 H "H?>% g Q +FR H +t
. "(#% (+P :g "% ? -
. 8% ( (% >WD% T^> T"Q#% % ? -
:G%5 3 -6
'(] F\ (h . #: S '% > 'B :+ ?9 Q%
:! Q% :+ +B 9 5:+ ' " 54" T8D B ) S>
:+ \ +B : *3 *&% :i % -
) ^4 8D >+ B x (: \ ^ 9 54 !% -
.>i H HS!%
.D% " W= 9 !5g +*Hg ) oiloftrop@ , -
. T^> H9B (: -
: +B + \ : * -
"D% 54 F+) +8: 4Q&% 8: 54 ^4 89 > -
?, ! 4 B k9 1H 8% "H?>% 54 F+) +8: 'B %
> ^4 8B >(P ' ) 141% ' 8% ^
.+k9 ) ! 4 1H 89 Q9
8D4 4Q& 54 "! >i \ ) ^4 "5S% % H9 "9 :+ H -
. >
-
- 24 -
+H
I : 58& +H:
1- " :)2002 . ( 1 " B: Q %, 4W ( B' D8 %'
fH," \ %S4p3 38* 5%# k+ +:" %+ %,
9H>" %" % , h+S[ %# )5 ( ::+ 1-34.
2- =+p 8 )2001 . (%& l3.4* %& H* : = .
3- BW > ( Y> )?Q) 2003 . ( B:k: BH> )D )+:&H ) >
:( R,T SH ( %H B' g' S
%+H 8 %# %" % 4W o2 2q r 5= %# %" %
%+H 8.
4- > [+[ > )" Q B8: [+[ > )" >)2005 . ( $2 2%& : 2: `2="
+ : > % >i.
5- 9 ( ( )2005 . ( 5 $ %& : %H> %+ .
6- j 5 :# 5)2003 . ( R1 % >i > % + & H"
>! BH> :( 45 , o22 22q r22 522= %
:Q %# %".
f : 5H" +H:
7- Byun, H. , Hallett, K. & Essex, C. (2000) . Supporting Instructors in the Creation of Online
Distance Education Courses: Lessons Learned. Educational Technology,
40 (5), 57-60
8- Harrison, N. & Bergen, C. (2000) . Some Design Strategies for Developing an Online
Course. Educational Technology, 40 (1), 57-60
9- Jolliffe, A., Ritter, J., & Stevens, D. (2001) . The Online Learning Handbook " Developing
and Using Web-Based Learning". London: KOGAN PAGE.
10- Rankin, W. (2000) . A Survey of Course Web Sites and Online Syllabi. Educational
Technology, 40 (2), 38-42
-
- 25 -
11- Ruffini, M. (2000) . Systematic Planning in the Design of an Educational Web Site.
Educational Technology, 40 (2), 58-64
12- Ryan, S., Scott, B., Freeman, H., & Patel, D. (2000) . The Virtual University: The Internet
and Resource-Based Learning. London & Sterling (U.S.A.): KOGAN
PAGE.
13- Valenti, S., Panti M., & Leo, T. (2003) . Relevant Issues for the Design of a Successful Web-
Based Instructional System: MODASPECTRA. In: A. Aggarwal (Eds.) .
Web-Based Education: Learning from Experience. (pp. 371-397) London:
IRM Press.
14- Weston, T. & Barker, L. (2001) . Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating Web-Based Learning
Modules for University Students. Educational Technology,41 (4), 15-22