ΤΡΟΦΟΓΕΝΕΙΣ ΛΟΙΜΩΞΕΙΣ ΜΑΣΤΡΟΝΙΚΟΛΗ

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ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΑΘΗΝΩΝ ΤΜΗΜΑ ΧΗΜΕΙΑΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΤΗΡΙΟ ΧΗΜΕΙΑΣ ΤΡΟΦΙΜΩΝ ΣΗΜΕΙΏΣΕΙΣ ΓΙΑ ΤΟ ΜΆΘΗΜΑ ΜΙΚΡΟΒΙΟΛΟΓΊΑΣ ΤΡΟΦΊΜΩΝ ΤΡΟΦΟΓΕΝΕΊΣ ΑΣΘΈΝΕΙΕΣ ΑΠΌ ΒΑΚΤΉΡΙΑ Μ Α Σ Τ Ρ Ο Ν Ι Κ Ο Λ Ή Σ Ο Φ Ί Α ΑΘΉΝΑ ΝΟΈΜΒΡΙΟΣ 2007

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  • 2007

  • ( )..3

    .8

    ...29

    32

    2

  • T ( )

    .

    , .

    ,

    . ,

    , .

    , , ,

    . ,

    , ,

    : . , . , . .

    ,

    :

    ) (spoilage).

    ) (foodborne illness), ( 1).

    )

    (food fermentation).

    ,

    ,

    ().

    (food poisoning)

    .

    , ,

    .

    , :

    1)

    2) .

    . .

    ,

    3

  • .

    , , , .

    .

    ,

    .

    Salmonela, Vibrio parahaemonlyticus, E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria

    monocytogenes, .

    ,

    . (.. Staphylococcus aureus,

    Clostridium botulinum, Bacilus cereus) ,

    clostridium perfrigens.

    (toxi-infections a

    limentaires).

    (exotoxin),

    :

    Enterotoxins: , (intestinal mucosa)

    .

    Cytotoxins: .

    Neurotoxins: .

    Endotoxins: ( )

    Gram

    , .

    (Food poisoning) (3)

    ( ).

    1) .

    2) (Non-invasive infection)

    3) (invasive infection)

    1 Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus cereus,

    Clostridium botulinum ( ).

    4

  • 2. Z

    , ,

    .

    (adhesins), ,

    (receptors),

    . , . ,

    , ,

    ,

    . (enterocytes)

    ,

    (nucteotides). , cholera

    Vibrio cholerae. Clostridium perfrigens

    , .

    ,

    ,

    / .

    3.

    . Salmonella

    .

    lamina propria,

    .

    () .

    ,

    salmonella, . ,

    , .

    Shigela E. coli (

    ).

    5

  • 1 : (foodborne illness)

    . ,

    ,

    , ,

    . ,

    .

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    ,

    ).(

    ,

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    nesmonocytoge

    0

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    ,

    (Gram)

    .9

    .8

    .7

    .6

    .5

    .4

    .3

    .2

    .1

    +

    +++++

    ++++

    +++

    ++++

    ++++

    +++

    +++

    ++

    ++

    +++

    +++

    bovis iumMycobacter

    Listeria

    ColiaEscherichi

    sperfringenClostridum

    botulinumClostridum

    JejuniterCampylobac

    speciesBrucella

    cereus Bacilus

    a

    Aeromonas

    .10 sPlesiomona + 0 0 sshigeloide

    6

  • 1:

    ,

    ,

    01

    ? 01

    )(

    (Gram)

    /

    . , ,

    . ,

    .,

    .,

    ,

    ,

    , ,

    ,/

    .

    , ,

    .

    , ,

    ,

    .15

    .14

    .13

    .12

    .11

    ticaenterocoli

    Yersinia

    yticusparahaemol

    Vibrio

    non

    cholerae Vibrio

    cholerae Vibrio

    aureus

    cusStaphyloco

    Shigella

    typhi) (non

    Salmonela

    typhi

    Salmonela

    +++

    ++

    ++

    +++

    +++

    ++++

    ++

    ++

    +++

    0

    =

    =

    a

    7

  • (Foodborne illness) 1. Aeromonas hydrophila (Gram )

    ( Aeromonas caviae Aeromonas sobria)

    , Listeria monocytogenes

    Yersinia enterocolitica

    ( 2). ,

    . ,

    , ,

    ( )mcfu810 . Aeromonas , Salmonicida ( ) Hydrophila-Punctate group,

    , A. Hydrophila, A. Sorbia and A. Caviae.

    (>5 ), / ,

    . , Aeromonas,

    . A. Salmonicida,

    , ,

    .

    2: (lag times)

    .

    ( )( )

    20 254.2 32513 131-623-18-2 333149 494-310-6 225-4 105 32 10

    timeGeneration) time,(Lag )(

    1

    >>

    ticaenterocoli Yersinianesmonocytoge Listeria

    Ch

    hydrophila Aeromonas

    A. hydrophila

    . ,

    , 910

    , .

    :

    .

    8

  • (
  • . , ,

    , , , ,

    . .

    , ,

    , .

    , , , ,

    ,

    .

    3. Bacillus cereus Bacillus species (Gram )

    B. Cereus , ,

    (300-600 ).

    : , ()

    , , B. Cereus,

    ( 3).

    1) (8-16

    12-24 h).

    , , , .

    2)

    , 1-5 . 6-24 h.

    . , ,

    Dvalues C95 buffer, min1

    min36 . .

    , (

    ) .

    , .

    : 3. 29

    ().

    bacillus, B. Subtilis , , ,

    , . ,

    B. Subtilis ,

    10

  • . ,

    10 , , , , .

    1988 , 818

    .

    3 : Bacillus Cereus : ) )

    .

    30253732 InfusionHeart Brain

    )(; )(;

    11-2 11 4 pH

    min90 ,26 5min ,56

    6.59.4 550~

    CC

    CC

    kDakDa

    >