Кяхтинский язык
DESCRIPTION
Словарь русско-китайского диалекта.TRANSCRIPT
. :
1. – ,
2. , . . « » ,
.
,
, ,
( ).
( . ).
,
« » « , ».
,
.
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jeÉsa (Ch, Shd) part Ch 9, Shd 1 , ; perfect,
resultative marker
, . .
. :
, ,
:
s’o, is’oÉ Tz (Dz, Tz, K) 1 pron Dz 6, Tz 4, K 10 , ; all, everything, everybody;
(Dz) ; he took everything to his house;
2 part K 8 ; plural marker; (K);
; people come to see;
3 adv K 1 ; still; (K)
; Salaganixa's husband is still alive;
( ), . . , ,
, .
, , ,
, ,
. ,
, .
:
1) ,
1
:
majaÉ (Spr, Tz, Ya, Ch, Shd, Al, Vr, Kk) pron 1 Sp 1, Ya 2, Ch 9, Shd 1, Vr 7, Kk 1 ; I
(Shd) ; I will come.
2) ,
:
ruÉbli Vr, K, luÉb‡li K (Vr, K) n Vr 3, K 4 ; rouble.
3) ,
:
‡dinaÉk‡ (Dz, K) postp 1 Dz 2, K 2 , ; like
(Dz) [ ] [ . . ]; it [shirt] is like grass [green]
( ) ; it was there like here
before;
2 K 1 ; alike
4) ;
, ,
,
;
; ,
:
k‡lasiáw‡ (Ya, K) atr Ya 1, K 1 ; beautiful.
5)
, . ,
:
xadiá, xa^iá Ya, xodiá Shd, xatiá Al (Dz, Tz, Ya, Shd, Al, K) v Abs Dz 10, Tz 2, Ya 4,
Shd 1, K 6, Al 2 , , ; go, come.
xadiála (Dz, Tz, K) v Perf Dz 2, Tz 1, K 6 ; come, go
xoÉdim (Tz, Dz) v 1 Praes, 1 Pl Tz 1 ; go;
2 Imper Dz 2 , ; come, move (Dz); let her move to their house.
xoÉdit (Dz Tz) v Praes Dz 1, Tz 1 ; go, come - (Tz); I can hardly walk.
6) , ,
, . .
:
adaliá (Ch) part Ch 3 ( ),; as, like (in
comparison) (Ch) ; like strangers (
) (of probable Mongolian origin).7) , « »
.
nichimoÉza, nichimoÉu^a Vr (Ya, Vr) adv Ya 1, Vr 1 , OK,
nothing bad ( " " + mou+tzy); (contamination of Russ. 'nichego' "nothing,
nothing bad" + Chin. mou + tzy).
.
2
, ,
, .
( , )
, , ,
.
( ) ,
,
- .
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Al – .
Ar – . .
K – , . ,
;
Kk – , . ,
;
Tz – , .
- , ;
Dz – , .
, ;
Sp – . .
Shd – .
Ch – . .
Ya – .
Vr – .
,
( , ).
, . .
:
adv –
atr –
conj –
interj –
mod –
n –
part–
postp –
prep –
pron –
v –
3
, .
,
.
,
:
Abs – « » , . . , , ,
, . .;
Perf – , – ,
( ) ;
Praes – ,
.
( , –
), . .
. ,
.
,
- chiwoÉ-chiwoÉ (Dz, K, Sp) pron 1. Dz 1 , ; 2. Sp 2, K 4, .
,
.
.
(
)
.
- « , »
Dz, « , » –
Sp K.
- , ,
, , ,
, , , , Shd, Al.
, , ,
,
, .
,
. « » :
( ); ;
; .
:
.
, ,
( , ).
, .
4
, .
- .
ni^’aÉ (Vr, K) mod Vr 1, K 3 ; one should not ,- , (K) [ ] , [ ]
, ; one can not make a [grave] mound, they plant different
[plants], so they make it flat.
.
. ,
, ,
( . ).
, :
.
a (Dz , Tz , K) conj Dz 2, Tz 7, K 11 and , but
agaÉ (K) interj K 11 , it is so , yes
adaliá (Ch) part Ch 3 (
) as , like (in comparison)
(Ch) like strangers
(Ch)to
look at you is as if eat a candy (
) (probably ofMongolian origin)
ajaÉ (Dz) atr Dz 4 well (
" ") (Udihe aja "well")
ba (Sp) part Sp 1 ( )
(Imperfect marker) - (Sp) take!
baÉba (Dz) n Dz 2 grandmother
baÉbusik‡ (K) n K 1 ,
grandmother , old woman
bajcaaÉj (Ya) n Ya 1 ( )
cabbage (Chinese) ( . pai-tsai) (Chinese pai-tsai)
baÉlysin’a (Vr) n Vr 1
( ) miss (adress to a girl)
, (Vr) ,do not scold (me), miss
beÉd‡n‡ (Dz) atr Dz 1 poor
beÉry (Dz) atr Dz 1 white
bichi (Ch) v Abs Ch 1 (?)
describe (?) (Ch)here your ways are
described
b‡liásk‡ (K) atr K 1 near
boÉga (Ch) n Ch 1 , god
baiás’a (Dz) v Praes 1 Dz 1 be
afraid
2 Dz 1 it is terrifying ,
, - (Dz) ,
I was afraid, it is really terrifying to stay alone in the
night
baleÉj (Tz) v Abs Tz 1 feel bad , be
unhealthy
baliá (Tz , K) v Abs Tz 2, K 2 (
) ache (also of a part of body)
, (Tz) ,[my] head aches, [my] bones ache
baliniás‡ (K) n K 3 hospital
be ill
, , (K), , today one
is alive and healthy, not so tomorrow
boÉl’en‡ (Dz) atr Dz 1 ill
boÉs’e (Tz) adv Tz 1 , more
(Tz) there are no more old people
b‡’shoÉj (Dz) atr 1 Dz 1 big ,
large
2 Dz 1 particularly well
(Dz) [ ]
she can not [sew] well
botián‡ka (Vr) n Vr 1 shoe
braÉla (Dz) v Perf Dz 1 take
b‡raÉt‡ (K) n K 1 brother
, (K) , my nephew told
what happened with the forest
bu (Sh) part Sh 2 (
) not (negation with adjectives)
(Sh) not good ( . bu
' ') (Chinese bu 'noun
negation marker')
5
buÉdu (Ch , Shd , Mk , Ar) mod Ch 7, Chd 1, Mk
1, Ar 1 future marker
(Ch) they will hinder trading
buÉk‡ (K) n K 3 letter
, (K), -
their letters are like Chinese ones, but they are
pronounced differently
bul‡doÉ̂ il‡ (K) n K 1
bulldozer
gumaÉg‡ (K) n K 5 ,
paper , document of any kind
butyÉka (Sp , K) n Sp 2, K 1
bottle
budiáli (K) n K 3 big bottle
by (Tz) part Tz 2 (
) would (subjunctive mood marker)
(Tz) you should have asked us
earlier
byl (Dz) v Perf. Sg Dz 5 was
byÉla (Dz , Tz , Al , K , Kk) 1 v Perf, Sg Dz 8, Tz
2, K 1, Kk 1 was (Dz)the Udihe was good
2 part Al 2, K 1
( ?) perfective
(plusquamperfective?) marker ( )I had come
b’ot‡ (Dz) v Praes, Sg Dz 3 beat , hit
walaÉj (Vr) (Vr) v Abs Vr 1 (
) part of idiomatic expression
( .) to play a fool
waÉni (Dz) n Dz 2 ( ) Vanya
(personal name)
wariá (Dz) v Abs Dz 4 ,
cook
waÉsa , waÉsh‡ (Ch) (Dz , Ya , Ch) pron 1 Dz
1, Ch 1 you (Pl)
2 Ya 2 (
) you (polite address to one person)
- (Ya) ,
[ ] do not mock, do not pick [on me]
3 Ch 5 ( )
your (Pl) (posessive pronoun)
(Ch) how
good are your laws
ber’‡xuÉ (Dz) adv Dz 1 (
) upstream
wis‡noÉj (Ar) adv Ar 1 in spring
beÉcher‡m (Dz) adv Dz 2 in
the evening
weÉshi (Ya) n Ya 1 ( ,
. .) stuff (cloths, utensils etc)
biádil (K) v Perf, Sing K 1 see
biádili (Dz) v Perf, Pl Dz 1 see
biádi (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 see
biádit (K) v Praes K 1 see
bisiá (K) v Abs K 1 hang
Biádi (K) n K 1 ( ) Vitya
(personal name)
unuÉch‡ka (Dz) n Dz 1 grand-
daughter
woÉ (Vr) pron Vr 3 ( ) I (all cases)
( .) I can help
( . wo ' ') (Chinese wo 'I')
wadaÉ (Sp , K) n Sp 2, K 1 water
woÉtka (Vr , K) n Vr 1, K 6 vodka
woÉdy (Ya , Vr) pron Ya 1, Vr 1 I
(Ya) I
will give you medicine
(Vr) - I can not speak
Russian ( . wo-dy ' ') (Chinese wo-dy 'my')
wajnaÉ (Tz) n Tz 2 war
woÉlia (Ch) n Ch 1 , will
, , (Ch) ,, well, it is your will, you
will regret later
waroÉna (Ar) n Ar 1 crow
Wos‡toÉk‡ (Dz) n Dz 1 ( )
Vostok (placename)
woÉt‡ , wot (K) interj K 12 so , well
woÉt‡ iwoÉ (K) interj K 1 so
ureÉm’a (Dz , Tz) n 1 Dz 2 time
(Dz) [ ] [Chinese] were driven away in
this time [of the year]
2 adv Tz 1 in that time
(Tz) it was
war at that time
se (Tz) pron Tz 1 all , everybody
sig‡daÉ (Dz , Ar) adv Dz 1 everything
, (Dz) ,she can do everything, she sews all
s’o , is’oÉ (Tz) (Dz , Tz , K , Ar) 1 pron Dz 6, Tz
4, K 10 , all , everything , everybody
(Dz) he took
everything to his house
2 part K 8, Ar 1
plural marker (K) ptoplt come to see
6
3 adv K 1 still
(K)
Salaganixa's husband is still alive that is
all
s’oreÉm’ , us’ol’eÉm’a (K) (Dz , K) adv
1 Dz 2, K 2 , regularly , all the
time , (K) [ ]
, when [we] were ill, [we]
healed ourselves with that
2 K 2 (K)
you will never be ill 3 K 2
for ever
s’oranoÉ (Dz) adv Dz 1 also
byÉgoni (Dz) v Abs Dz 2 drive
away
bygon’aÉla (Dz) v Perf Dz 1
drive away
uiáÉpil (K) v Perf, Sg K 2 drink
gaol’aÉn (Vr) n Vr 1 ( . .)
gaolean (Russian ethn.)
ideÉ (K) pron K 2 , where ,
(K) ,
threre, where I have been some time ago
g‡lazaÉ (Dz) n Dz 2 eyes
gawariá , gawaliá (K) , kawaliá (Ya) (Dz ,
Sp , Ya , Vr , K) v Abs 1 Sp 4,Ya 1, Vr 1, K 4 ,
say , tell
2 Dz 1, (
) says (quotation marker)
, ,
(Dz) , ,
he says to have no free time, there is too much
work at home ,
(Sp) , ,
you shouldn't, she says, put eggs into a bottle
gavaliála (Vr , K) v Perf Vr 1, K 8
say , tell ,
, (K) , [ ]
I tild Vitya that [we] had to buy this type [of
guinseng] for six hundred roubles
gavariát‡ (Dz) v Praes Dz 1
say
gawar’uÉ , gaor,uÉ , gr’u (Dz , K) 1 v
Pres, Sg Dz 2, K 1 say
2 part K 1 (
) I say (marker of retold speech)
g‡v‡r’aÉ (K) mod K 1 ,
they say probable
(K) ,
Mongolians are said to live here before
goÉda (Tz , K) n Tz 1, K 1 (
" ") year (in combination 'tri goda' "three
years")
gadiása (K) v Abs K 1 ,
be of any good , be worth
galawaÉ (Tz , K) n Tz 1, K 1 head
ganiá (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 drive away
gan’aÉj (Dz) v Abs Dz 2 drive
away
gan’aÉl (Dz) v Perf Dz 1 drive
away
gan’aÉli (Dz) v Perf, Pl Dz 3
drive away
goÉrod (Dz) n Dz 1 town , city
gospodián‡ (Ch) n Ch 1
( ) mister (polite address)
, ? (Ch) , ? you have come with a
visit, mister Dalai?
g‡raÉma (K) n K 2 gram
gal’aÉ^yna (Sp) atr Sp 1 dirty
gulaÉj (Vr) v Abs Vr 1 , to
travel , to walk
- gulaÉj-gulaÉj (Ya) v Abs Ya 1
, have a good time
da (K) part K 1 yes
dawaÉj (Ya , K) v Abs Ya 3, K 2 give
(Ya)I will give you medicine
dawaÉli (Dz) v Perf, Pl Dz 1
give away (Dz)- me, I was given to a
Chinese
dawnoÉ (Dz , K) adv Dz 3, K 1 for a
long time , long ago
dal’oÉk‡ , tal’oÉk‡ (Dz , Tz , K) atr Dz 2, Tz 1,
K 1 far away
daÉli (Tz) v Perf, Pl Tz 1
( ) sell (to an
official organization)
dajuÉt‡ (Dz , K) v Praes, Pl Dz 1, K 1
give ,
(Dz) ,
I had two sons, they did not give them to me
dwa (Dz , Ar) num Dz 5, Ar 2 two
d‡waÉtsati (Vr) num Vr 1
twenty
deÉwus‡k‡ (K) n K 1 girl
deÉd‡ (Dz) n Dz 2 , husband , old
man
deÉl‡j (Dz , Vr , K) v Abs Dz 4, Vr 3, K 4
7
do (Dz)
nothing to be done
(K) they made
it flat with bulldozer (Vr) to
feed
deÉlala (K) v Perf K 5 do
deÉlo (Ch) n Ch 2 matter
, (Ch) , -- Nikita is one matter,
you are another matter
deÉna (Ch) n Ch 1 day
deÉn‡gi , ^’aÉ÷g‡ (K) , ^’aÉnia (K) (Vr , K)
n Vr 1, K 3 money -
, (K) ,
, [] this was money,
they burnt it, but we did not know that [of a tradition to
burn paper money during the funerals]
d^eÉs’a (K) num K 1 ten
dileÉk‡tal‡ (K) n K 1
director
doÉ^ika (Ya) n Ya 1 rain
doloÉj (K) v Abs K 1 (
" ") off (in the expression "off with hishead")
doÉm‡ , toÉma (Dz , Tz , Ya , K) n Dz 8, Tz 1, Ya 1,
K 1 home , house
doÉm‡ (Dz) adv Dz 2 at home
(Dz) he is at home
dorogo (Vr) atr Vr 1 expensive
das‡taÉnish (Tz) v Praes, 2 Sg Tz 1
( " ") get
(in combination 'nichego ne dostanesh' "it is impossible
to get anything")
doÉch‡ (Dz) n Dz 1 daughter
d‡rawaÉ , d‡lawaÉ (Dz , Vr) n Dz 1, Vr 1
wood , fuel (Vr) [ ][I] earn , [my] living by
chopping wood
d‡rugoÉj (Sp) pron Sp 1 another ,
other
d‡riaÉni (Ch) atr Ch 1 ,
bad , worthless
duÉmaj (Ya , Vr , Ar) v Abs Ya 1, Vr 1
think - ? (Vr) ? how long are you going to
think?
Du÷kaÉj (Dz) n Dz 2 (
) Dunkai (a Nanai clan)
dulaÉka (Vr) n Vr 1 fool
(Vr) to do nothing , to play a
fool ,
(Vr) ,
we have to tell you not to play a fool
ibi‡maÉt’ (K) interj K 5
injure term
iwoÉ (Dz , Sp , Ya , Ch , K , Ar) pron pers Dz 58, Sp
1 1 Ya 8, K 5, Ar 2 , , (
) he, she, it (Nominative case)
(Dz) [ ] she sewed it
? (Ya) ? what has he
bought?
2 Ya 1, K 22 , ( ) him
(Oblique cases)
(Ya) , he thinks that I
will give him money
3 Ch 1, K 1 they
(Ch) they will impede to trade
4 pron poss K 5 , his, her, its
5 part K 6
possessive marker
- (K) grzndmother's grave was made flat
6 mod Dz 1, K 32 3 . (
) marker of 3 person marker (postpositive)
(K) it was long ago
7 K 1 that is
demonstrative copula
- jeÉli-jeÉli (Tz) adv Tz 1 - ,
hardly - (Tz) I can
hardly walk
erlaÉn (Ya) n Ya 1 ( ) drink
( . er-liang) (Chinese er-liang)
jeÉsa , jest’ (Ch , Shd) mod Ch 9, Shd 1
, perfectivemarker
jeÉsi (K , Vr , Ar) 1 v Praes K 8, Ar 1 be
2 K 1 , ,
(?) perfect, resultive, habitual marker (?)
- (Vr) I do read a little
is’oÉ (Dz , Spr , Tz , K , Ar) adv 1 Dz 2, Tz 1, K 4
, besides (Dz) besides he cooks
2 K 1 still
(K) Slaganiha's
husband is still alive
3 Sp 1 , again , once more
(Spr) you should not go
shopping again
8
4 K 4, Ar 1 then (K) then there are panty
^aleÉj (Ch) v Abs Ch 1 ,
regret (Ch)you will regret later
^aÉl‡k‡ (Dz) mod Dz 2 pity
(Dz) it
felt pity for the children
, (Dz), he also drove away my son, I
felt pity for him
^inaÉ (Dz) n Dz 2 wife
^iniáli (Dz) v Perf, Pl Dz 1 ,
marry (whom)
, (Dz) , when I
went downstream he married me
^eÉnush‡ki (Ch) n Ch 4 husband
?
(Ch) ? whe
your wife did not come here?
^eÉn‡s’in‡ (Dz) n Dz 1 ,
woman , wife
^eÉ÷-seÉ÷ (K) n K 10
guinseng
^is‡toÉki (Ch) atr Ch 1 rude
(Ch) your
husbands have a rude way of living
^yvaÉ (Al) atr Al 1 alive
^iwiá (Dz , K) v Abs Dz 4, K 2 live
^iwoÉt‡n‡ (Dz) n Dz 1 beast ,
animal ( ,
" ") (answerig the stimulus containig theword)
^iál‡ (Dz) v Perf Dz 1 live
^iáli (Tz) v Perf, Pl Tz 3 live
d^ijoÉ (K) n K 5 , building
,
(K) ,the tomb fencing was on
the mountain, now it is all built over
^a (Tz) prep Tz 1 for ( " "
) (in combination 'za muka' "for flour")
^a (Ch , K , Mk) prep 1 Ch 21
subject marker ,
(Ch) ,
? what do you think, why have I come?
2 Ch 2, K 2, Mk 1
(Ch) they would not sit with
their wives ( ) (K) I went to my motherland
(Mk) I will treat you
with a good tea
^abiraÉla (Dz) v Perf Dz 2 (
) take away
^aboliá-l‡ (K) v Perf K 1 fell ill
^abyÉla (Tz , K) v Perf Tz 1, K 2
forget
^aÉftra (K) adv K 2 tomorrow
^agr‡diála (K) 1 v Perf K 3
, bar 2 n K 1
fence
ta^igaÉl‡ (K) v Perf K 4 ,
burn
^akaÉ̂ ywaj (Ch) v Abs Ch 1
order
^akoÉna , ^akuoÉn‡ (Ch , K) n Ch 2, K 2
, law , tradition
(K) Chinese tradition
^ameÉti (Tz) v Abs Tz 1 notice
^alaboÉtaj (Vr) v Abs Vr 1
to earn
(Vr)I earned six roubles in one day
^axadiá (K) v Abs K 1 come
^axodiál‡ (K) v Perf K 1 ,
go
^axaraniá (K) 1 v Abs K 3
bury (K)after
sixty years old they buried people
2 n K 2 grave -
(K) thye did not plant [vegetables] on
people's graves before
^acheÉm (Dz) pron Dz 1 what for
d’es’ , d’eÉsia (Dz , K) 1 adv Dz 2, K 5
here 2 K 1 now
3 prep Dz 1, K 1 in
(K) ( )it is also put in spirit
daroÉw‡ (K) atr K 2 healthy
^il’oÉn‡ (K) atr K 1 green
^iml’aÉ , ^imliá (Tz , K) n Tz 2, K 8
ground ,
(Tz) , Ib the old
times everything was groen on the ground, nothing was
9
bought in the shop
^imaÉ (Tz , K) n Tz 1, K 2 winter
^imoÉj (Dz) adv Dz 1 in winter
^‡naÉish (Tz) v Praes, 2 Sg Tz 1
( ) you know (introductiry word)
^‡naÉj , ^naɇ (Vr , K) v Abs Vr 2, K 4
know -
(K) , a person
would know where he was buried
^‡naÉl‡ (K) v Perf K 1 know
i (Dz , K) conj Dz 2, K 9 , also , and
... i ... i (Sp , Dz) conj Dz 1, Sp 1 ... ,
and , as well as (Sp) [ ] the
sun was out and not out
iága (Ya) num Ya 1 one ( . iga ' ')
(Chinese iga 'one')
igajaÉn (Vr) adv Vr 1 ( . )
the same (Russian ethn)
iglaÉj (Vr) v Abs Vr 1 ,
play
- igraÉj-igraÉj (Ya , Vr) v Abs 1 Ya 1
bargain
2 Ya 1 , mock , pick on
- (Ya)
[ ] do not mock [at me] 3 Vr 1
play
iáli (Tz , K) conj Tz 5, K 1 or , either ... or
and so on
(Tz)
[we] put traps for meat animals or something
else
iámen (Shd) n Shd 1 name ?
(Shd) ? what is your name?
iskaÉj (Vr , K) v Abs Vr 1, K 1 look
for (Vr)it is necessaty to look for a job
now
ix , iáx‡ Dz (Dz , K) pron 1 K 1 ( . .)
they (Nom.) - ,
(K) , ,
[] this was money, they burnt it,
but we did not know that [of a tradition to burn paper
money during the funerals]
2 Dz 2 ( . .) them (Obl.)
iáxin’ (Dz) pron 1 Dz 5 they 2 Dz 1
their
k‡choÉr‡tu (Dz) interj Dz 2 to
devil
kabaÉn (Dz) n Dz 1 ,
wild pig , wild pig carcass
kaÉk‡ (Ch , K) conj Ch 7, K 2 how
? (Ch) ? how do
you think? ... alike
(K) like pepper
kakoÉj (Ya , Ch , Al) pron interrog 1 Ya 1, Ch
1 what , what kind of
? (Ya) ? whom
[what man] do you want to see?
? (Ch)?
what will you order among Beijin silk cloths?
2 Al 1 ? what? - ?
( ) ? what do you
buy from me?
kaÉm‡ni (K) n K 1 stone
kaÉnka (Ya) v Abs Ya 1 see
? (Ya)? whom do you want to see? ( .
?) (Chinese ?)
kan’tramiá Vr , kantraniiá Ya (Ya ,
Vr) v Abs 1 Vr 1 ( . ) chop (Russian ethn)
2 Ya 1 chop the head off ( .
' ') (Chinese kang 'to chop')
kapitaÉna (Ya) n Ya 2
( ) sir (polite address
to a man) , (Ya), it is non of your
business, sir
kapkaÉn Dz , kapkaÉn‡ (Dz , Tz) n Dz 1, Tz
1 trap
kapuÉsa (Sp) n Sp 2 cabbage
karaÉp‡chi (Ya) v Abs Ya 1 ,
steal ( )(word of an unknown origin)
karauÉla (Sp) n Sp 1 ,
guard
kaÉrchik‡ (K) n K 2 ,
picture , foto
(K) there are also Nanai pictire books
kar‡toÉsh‡ka Tz , ka‡rtuÉsha Ya (Tz ,
Ya) n Tz 1, Ya 1 potatoes
kasaÉjsa (Ya , Vr) v Abs Ya 1, Vr 1
( ) touch ,
(Ya) ,
it is none of your business, sir
kaÉshli (K) v Abs K 1 cough
ke i (Vr) mod Vr 1 can
10
(Vr) I can help
kilomeÉt‡la (K) n K 1
kilometer
kitajoÉza (Ya) n Ya 1 Chinese
( " " + tzy) (contamination ofRuss. 'kitaets' "Chinese" Chin. tsy)
KitaÉj (Dz) n Dz 1 China
kitaÉjski (Dz) n Dz 1 Chinese
(Dz) This Chinese was put in jail
kitaÉjs‡ (Dz , K) n 1 Dz 5, K 1
Chinese 2 K 8 Chinese
Chinese
kadaÉ , kataÉ (Dz , Al , K , Kk) pron 1 Dz 7, Al
1, K 3, Kk 1 when ,
, (K) [ ]
, -you may take it [pantocrin] by small
portions after the age of fifty-sixty years old
2 K 1 where
koÉzh‡ (Dz) n Dz 1 leather
kaloÉdis‡ (K , Kk) n K 1, Kk 1
well
koloÉj (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 ( ) to
chop (wood)
kolonoÉk‡ (Tz) n Tz 1 (
) Siberian weasel (hunted for fur)
kaxoÉ^‡ (Dz) n Dz 1 collective farm
kompaÉni‡ (Dz) postp Dz 1 ,
with , together with
kaneÉsh‡n‡ (Dz , Tz) adv Dz 5, Tz 1
, of course
kantoÉri (Dz) n Dz 1 office
kanchaÉj (Vr) v Abs 1 Vr 1 ,
to finish
2 Vr 1 be over
(Vr) the summer is over
koÉnchil‡ (K) v Abs K 2 ,
finish - ,
(K) [ ] ,
there is no [guinseng] of this type
any more
kapaÉli , kapaÉ̂ i K (Tz , K) v Perf, Pl Tz 1,
K 1 dig
kapeÉka (Vr) n Vr 2 penny
kareÉjsa (Tz) 1 n Tz 1 Korean 2 atr Tz 1 Korean
garoÉb‡ka (K) n K 5 box
kasaÉ (Dz) n Dz 1 ( ) sand bar (of
river)
koÉsti (Tz , K) n Tz 1, K 1 bones
kotoryÉj (Kk) pron Kk 1 that
one
k‡lasiáw‡ (Ya , K) atr Ya 1, K 1
beautiful
k‡raÉsin‡ (K) atr K 3
k‡richaÉj (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 shout
kur‡koÉm‡ (K) adv K 1 ,
around
k‡lupaÉ (Tz , Ya) n Tz 1, Ya 1 groats
kriuchoÉka (Ya) n Ya 1 hook
k‡toÉ (Dz) pron Dz 1 who
kudaÉ (K) adv 1 K 2 ? , where?
? (K) ? where to gather [it] now?
2 K 1 - somewhere
- k‡da-t‡daÉÉ (K) onomat K 1
" - " has the meaning of
"driving smb away"
kuruÉ^a (Tz , K) n Tz 1, K 2
maize
kuÉnia , kuÉni Vr (Ya , Vr) n 1 Ya 1, Vr 1
girl
2 Ya 1 daughter ( . ku-niang) (Chinese
ku-niang)
kupeÉza (Ya) n Ya 1 merchant
( " " + tzy) (contamination of Rus.
'kupets' + Chin. tzy)
kupiá (Sp , Tz , Ya , Shd , Vr , K) v Abs Sp 2, Tz 2,
Ya 2, Shd 2, Vr 2, K 2 , buy , go shopping
kupiála (Sp) v Perf Sp 7 buy
kupiáli (Dz) v Perf. Pl Dz 1 buy
kuÉritsa , kulitsaÉi Ya (Sp , Ya) n Sp 2, Ya 1
chicken (Spr) he broke the eggs
kuÉch‡ (K) n K 4 , heap ,
mound
kuÉsh‡j (Dz , Vr , K , Ar) 1 v Abs Dz 2, Vr 1,
K 4, Ar 1 , , ( ) eat
, take (medicine)
(K) guinseng is very
good for you
2 n Dz 1 meal , food
(Dz) she can not
cook
kushaÉxu (Ch) v Abs 1 Ch 1 ,
eat
2 Ch 1 drink
(Ch) he can only
drink wine
11
kuÉshi , kuÉsh‡ (Vr , K) v Abs Vr 2, K 3
eat (Vr) to feed
- kuÉshi-kuÉshi (Vr) v Abs Vr 1 ,
eat - (Vr) there is nothing to eat
laÉna (Ya) interj Ya 1 OK , all right
laÉ̂ i (K) v Abs K 1 climb
laÉjba (Vr) interj Vr 1 ! ( . )
come here! (Russian ethn)
lan (Tz) n Tz 2 ( ) Lan (family
name)
latuÉza (Vr) n Vr 1 ( . .) old
man (Russian ethn.)
ledeneÉ^a (Ch) n Ch 1 candy
likaÉst‡fa (K) n K 2
medicine
lieÉsa (Ya , K) n Ya 1, K 3 forest
let (K) n Pl K 9 ( ) years (of
age)
leÉt‡ (Vr , K) n Vr 1, K 1 summer
lechiᇠ(K) v Perf K 4 heal
, (K) , when we ere ill we were
healing like that
li (K) conj K 1 or
loÉb‡ (Ya) n Ya 1 ( ) radish
(Chinese) ( . lo-po, . . . )(Chinese lo-po, mod. Russian Far East loba)
loÉt‡k‡ (Dz) n Dz 2 boat
loÉsa (K) v Abs K 7 put
(K) it is
infused in spirit
lamaÉj (Sp) v Abs Sp 1 ,
, break
(Sp) he droke those eggs
lamaÉjla (Ya) v Perf Ya 2 be ill
? (Ya) ? has
he fallen ill?
lamaÉl‡ (K) v Perf K 2 ,
( ) break , chop (wood)
(K) , they chopped all [wood]
and carried it away, houses were built
luÉche (K) adv K 1 better
- liuÉda-liuÉda (Ya) v Abs Ya 1
go for a walk ( . liu-ta liu-ta) (Chinese liu-ta liu-ta)
l’uÉdi (Dz , Ya , Ch , Vr , K , Kk , Ar) n 1 Dz 1,
Ya 1, Ch 1, Vr 1, K 9, Kk 1, Ar 4 person
(Dz)[ ]? those who want [to go away] among you
? (Ya)
? whom do you want to see?
(Ch) your Nikita is a worthless person
2 Dz 1, K 5, Ar 1 people
(Dz) many Chinese
3 Ar 2 , animal , bird
(Ar) there are many different
creatures in the taiga
l’ag (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 lie down
liaÉnga (Ya) num Ya 1 two ( . liang
' ') (Chinese liang 'two')
l’ansuÉj (Vr) n Vr 1 ( . ) water
(Russian ethn)
magazián‡ , maa^ián‡ K (Dz , Tz , K) Dz 1,
Tz 2, K 1 n shop
madaÉma (Ya , Shd) n Ya 2, Shd 1
( ) madam (polite
address to a woman) ,
(Ya) , do not be angry,
madam
maÉi (Ya , Al) v Abs 1 Ya 1, Al 1
sell ? (Ya) ? Do you sell old stuff?
2 Al 1 ( maj-maj) buy
(in reduplicated form maj-maj) ( . mai) (Chinese
mai)
- maÉla-maÉla (Ya , Vr , K) adv Ya 1, Vr 3,
K 2 a little , a bit -
(Vr) I can read a little
maÉlin’ (Dz) atr Dz 1 small ,
little
maÉlin’k‡ (Dz , K , Kk) atr Dz 3, K 2,
Kk 1 little
maÉlisa (Dz) n Dz 2 ,
child , baby
maÉl‡ (Ch , Vr) mod 1 Ch 1, Vr 1 ,
, not enough , not only
(Ch) not only visiting
2 atr K 1 small
maladoÉj (Tz) atr Tz 1 younger
maÉma (Dz) n Dz 4 mother
mamandiá (Vr) interj Vr 1 !
( . ) wait a bit! (Russian ethn)
maÉmka (Dz , Spr) n 1 Dz 1 wife
(Dz) the father had two wives
2 Dz 1, Sp 5 mother
(Sp) the mother was angry
12
maneÉra (Ch) n 1 Ch 3 ,
custom , way
(Ch) you have different ways
2 Ch 1 , kind
(Ch)
? what will you order of Beijin silk tissues?
maÉnty (Ya) n Ya 1 dumplings
( . man-t`ou) (Chinese man-t`ou)
manuÉla (K) v Perf K 1
deceive
mar‡tyÉnix‡ (Dz) n Dz 1
( ) Martynikha (personalname)
mashiána , masián‡ K , maseÉ÷ K (Vr , K)
n 1 Vr 1 machine
(Vr) ,
I have a machine now, to sew
shoes cost fifteen roubles
2 K 2 car ,
(K) , it is necessary
to go there by car, it takes five hours to go there
mashiá÷ka (Ya) n Ya 1
crookery , cheating
(Ya) [ .] you are cheating [lit. there is
cheating at you]
mineÉ (Dz) pron 1 Dz 11 (
) me (Obloque cases) ( )he beats ne
2 Dz 2 my
(Dz)
one of my mothers died long ago
(Dz) he drove away my son too
m’eÉst‡ (Ar) n Ar 1 place
(Ar) (
) it (the Polar
star) is always on the same place
meÉsia^a (Ch) postp Ch 3 together
(Ch) [ ?] you [he] live together with
your wife [with wives]
mishaɇ (K) v Abs K 1 mix
mishoÉk‡ (Sp) n Sp 3 sack
mi (Sp) part Sp 1 ( )
not (ntgation with copula) (Sp)[it] was and [it] was not ( . )
(Chinese mej)
miamboÉ (Ya) n Ya 1 bread ( .
mien-pao) (Chinese mien-pao)
noÉgo (Dz , Vr , K , Ar) quant Dz 4, Vr 1, K 6,
Ar 2 many , a lot , much (Dz)much work
noÉ^k‡ (K) adv K 2 a little
- noÉshk‡-noÉshk‡ (Dz) adv Dz
1 , a little , a bit
moÉgu (Dz , K) v Abs Dz 1, K 1 ,
can , to be able to (K) one can write
moÉ^e (K) mod K 2 maybe
, (K) , you may die,
especially in winter
moÉ̂ eno (Ch) mod Ch 5 be possible
- (Ch) it is possible to come to an agreement
moj (Sp) v Abs Sp 1 to wash
moj (Tz) pron poss Tz 1 my
mo÷goÉl‡ (K) n K 3 Mongolian
moneÉ^a (Ch) n Ch 1 money
( + . tzy) (moneta "coin" + Chinese tsy)
mor‡daÉ (K) n K 2 face
, ,
(K) ,
,, it you take it in small portions
ypur face will be red, you will never be ill or catch cold.
moÉre (Vr) n Vr 1 sea
(Vr) I
work as a boatman on the sea
majaÉ (Sp , Tz , Ya , Ch , Shd , Al , Vr , Kk , Mk ,
Ar) 1 Sp 1, Ya 2, Ch 9, Shd 1, Vr 7, Kk 1, Mk 1, Ar 4 pron
( ) I (Nominative case)
(Shd) I will come
2 Ya 1, Al 1 , , (
) me (Oblique cases) ,
(Ya) I
have one daughter and two sons
3 Tz 1, Shd 1 pron poss my
(Tz) my
husband used to go hunting
muÉ^a (Ch) n Ch 1 husband
mu^iák‡ (K) n 1 K 2 husband
2 K 1 male
musiánn‡ (Tz) n Tz 1 man ,
male
mukaÉ (Sp , Tz) n Sp 1, Tz 3 flour
- mur-mur (Ya) v Abs Ya 1 say
13
- ? (Ya) ?what do you say?
muÉchi (Dz) v Abs Dz 2 to suffer
my (Tz) 1 Tz 4 pron ( . .) we (Nom.)
(Tz) we moved to Korean
houses
2 Tz 1 ( . .) us (Obl.)
(Tz) you should have asked us earlier
m’aÉs‡ (Dz , Tz , Vr) n 1 Vr 1 meat
2 Dz 2, Tz 1 wild animal
(hunted for meat) ,
(Dz) ,he did not hunt wild animals, he could do nothing
m’at’ (Dz) v Dz 1 ( ) soften
na (Ch , K) prep Ch 1, K 1 at
, (Ch) , to look
at you is as if eating a candy ,
(K) ,
, they plant [vegetables] on this
ground, thye cultivate the ground, that is.
nasoÉpk‡ (K) adv K 1 on the
mountain
nauÉlica (K) adv K 1 in the
street , outside
nach’or‡t‡ (Dz) interj Dz 1 ,
what the devil , what for
(Dz) ( ) what the
devil should I live (with him)
naeÉrna , naÉina (Tz , K) adv Tz 1, K 1
probably
naÉda (Dz , Sp , Tz , Ya , Ch , Vr , K , Ar) Dz 5, Sp
4, Tz 1, Ya 2, Ch 1, Vr 1, K 5, Ar 1 mod it is
necessary (Dz)
[ ] no need in them [Chinese]
(Spr)next time you should not
go shopping (Ch)it will necessary to give
back later
naleÉj (K) v Abs K 1 pour
naliál‡ (K) v Perf K 1 pour
nanaÉjsa (K) 1 n K 2 Nanai 2 adj
K 1 Nanai
naÉsa (Dz , Ch , K) pron 1 Dz 1 , K 5 ( .
.) we (Nom.) (K)we did not go
2 Ch 1 ( . .) us (Obl.)
(Ch)
we adore our wives like
gods
3 Dz 1, Ch 1, K 1 our (Dz)our house was there
nashuoÉla (Ya) v Perf, Sg Ya 1
find
nash‡laÉ (K) v Perf K 2 find
nashliá (Tz) v Perf, Pl Tz 1 find
ni (Dz , Sp , Tz , Ya , Ch , K , Vr) 1 Dz 33, Sp 5, Tz 3,
Ya 5, Ch 2, Vr 6, K 15 part neg not
(Dz) he does not sleep
(Spr) one should not put eggs into a bottle
(Tz) nothing was bought in the shop
2 Tz 1, K 4 not so (Tz) [ ] [it was] not so in the old times
3 Ch 1
niuiápej (K) v Abs K 1 not
drink ,
(K) ,
when you take it do not drink a lot
ninaÉj (K) v Abs K 3 not know
nimaguÉ (Vr) mod Abs 1 Vr 2
( - ) not to be able (to do
smth) (Vr) [ ] one
person can not feed [the family]
2 Vr 1 to be unable
to do (Vr) - I can not speak Russian
ni^’aÉ (Vr , K) mod Vr 1, K 3 one
should not , - ,
(K) [ ]
, [ ] ,one can not make a [grave] mound, they plant
different [plants], so they make it flat.
ninoÉsk‡ , ninoÉshk‡ (Tz , K) adv Tz 1,
K 1 , - a little , a bit
(Tz) [ ] Lfn is a bit younger [than me]
neperemeÉna (Ch) adv Ch 1
surely , of course
net (Dz) mod Dz 2 no , there is no
neÉtu (Sp , Ch) part Sp 1, Ch 5 (
) not (negation with verbs)
(Sp) the fish was
alive
neÉtu , neÉta Shd (Dz , Ch , Shd , Vr , K) mod Dz
2, Tz 1, Ch 2, Shd 1, Vr 2, K 4 , no ,
there is no (Tz)
14
there is no old people
any more
neÉtula (Tz , Ya) mod Perf Tz 2, Ya 1
there was no (Tz)there are no old people
any more
nixarashoÉ (Vr) adv Vr 1 ,
bad , not good
ni (Vr) pron 2 Sg Vr 1 you (Sg.) ( . ni)
(Chinese ni)
niády (Ya , Vr) pron pers. 2 Sg 1 Ya 4, Vr 1
( . .) you (Sg) (Nom.) ?
(Ya) ? do you go?
2 Ya 2 , ( . .) you (Sg) (Obl.)
3 Ya 1 your (Sg)
(Ya) -- [ . . ] your
heart is a hook [your are bad, evil] ( . ni-dy)
(Chinese ni-dy)
niá^‡ (Dz) adv Dz 2 ( )
downstream
n’oxtoÉ (K , Dz) pron Dz 2, K 2
nobody
ni÷kaÉ (Dz) n Dz 1 Chinese ( .
) (Udihe ningka)
nichoÉ (Dz , Tz , K) 1 Dz 6, Tz 3, K 1 pron
nothing
2 Dz 1 adv , not bad
nichimoÉza , nichimoÉu^a Vr (Ya , Vr)
adv Ya 1, Vr 1 , OK , nothing bad
( " " + mou+tzy) (contamination
of Russ. 'nichego' "nothing, nothing bad" + mou +Chin. tzy)
noÉch‡ (Dz) adv Dz 3 in the night
noÉchu (Dz) adv Dz 1 in the night
nu (Tz , Ch , K) part Tz 2, Ch 1, K 1 well
nu i (Dz) conj Dz 1 and
n’aÉnchi (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 nurse
ogoroÉd‡ Dz , nagaroÉd‡ Tz (Dz , Tz) n Dz
1, Tz 1 vegetable-garden ( ,, "
") (Tz form derives probably from thecontamination na ogorode 'on the vegetable-garden')
kulieÉtsa Ya , agurtsaÉ Vr (Ya) n Ya 1, Vr 1
cucumber
‡dián , adián Vr (Dz , Tz , Ch , Vr , Ar) 1 Dz 5,
Vr 1 adv , alone
(Vr) [?] [?]
one persone
[alone?] can not feed the family
2 num Tz 1, Ch 1, Vr 3, Ar 1 one
‡dinaÉk‡ (Dz , K) postp 1 Dz 2, K 2
, like (Dz) [ ] [ . . . it [shirt] is
like grass [green]
(K) it was there like
here before 2 K 1 alike
a^iniál‡ (Dz) v Perf, Dz 1
marry
ak‡noÉ (Sp) n Sp 1 window
anaÉ (Tz) pron Tz 1 , he , she
(Tz) he also is not
healthy
apus‡kaÉjla (Sp) v Perf Sp 1
, ( ) put (into a bottle)
o osoÉba (Ch) atr Ch 3 different
(Ch)
you have different customs ...
... one ... another ,
(Ch) , --
. Nikita is one matter, you are another.
astaÉwi (Dz) v Abs Dz 3 leave
adawaÉj (Ch) v Abs Ch 1 give
back
dixaÉj (Dz) v Dz 1 have rest
oxoÉt‡ Dz , naxoÉtu Tz (Dz , Tz) n Dz 2, Tz 2
hunt
oxoÉt‡j (Dz) v Abs 1 Dz 1 hunt
2 Dz 2 to get (while hunting)
(Dz) [ ]
he always got meat while hunting in
winter
pampuÉs’‡ka (Tz , Ya , Vr , K) n Tz 1,
Ya 1, Vr 1, K 1 ( ,
) , pampushka
(Chinese-type steam-made bread) , bread
paÉnty , paÉ÷ty K (Dz , K) n Dz 1, K 4
( ,
) panty (not hardened antlers of elk used as
medicine)
paÉpa (Dz , K) n Dz 6, K 4 father
palawoÉ^‡ (Ya) n Ya 1
locomotive
paraxoÉud‡ (K) n K 2 ,
steamer , steam engine
[...] (K),
there was no engines befire, they walked there
pechineÉseki (Ch) 1 n Ch 1
Beijin
2 adj Ch 1 Beijin
(Ch)
15
? what will you order of Beijin silk tissues?
pelemeÉni (Tz) n Tz 1
Siberian dumplings
peÉric‡ (K) n K 1 pepper
pir’oÉt (Dz) adv Dz 1 at first
(Dz)the father died first
peÉchi (Tz) v Abs Tz 2 ,
( ) bake , prepare (of steam-made
Chinese) , (Tz), [we] baked
, made Chineses of flour
piliá (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 saw
piliuÉli (Ya) n Ya 1 ,
medicine , pills
pishiá (K) v Abs K 4 write
(K) it
was written so in the document
plaÉkaj (Dz) v Abs Dz 2 cry
p‡latiá (K) v Abs K 1 buy
,
, (K) ,
these Chinese built a hospital, they
were buying guinseng to make medicine
loÉx‡ (Dz) adv Dz 2 badly
ploÉx‡ (Tz) atr Tz 1 badly
po (Tz) prep 1 Tz 2 (
" ") on , over (only in combination 'po sopka'
"over the mountains")
2 Tz 2 ( ) for (when changing)
, (Tz) for flour and
groats
p‡soÉpka (Tz K) adv Tz 1, K 1
, over the mountains , behind the
mountains
poweÉsi (Ch) v Abs Ch 1 ,
hang , hang oneself
(Ch) I will
surely hang myself
pagawaliá (Ch) v Abs Ch 3
say ? (Ch) ? how can you say so?
poguÉli (Ch) v Abs Ch 2
visit , (Ch), ? you have come with a
visit, mister Dalai?
toudiál‡jl‡ (K) v Perf K 1 ,
divide
podo^‡diá (Ch) v Abs Ch 1 wait
paduÉm‡j (Ch) v Abs Ch 4 think
(Ch) you should think of yourself
po^iwiá (Ch) v Abs Ch 1 live
pa^iwu (Ch) v Abs Ch 1 live
(Ch) you live together with wives
pod’oÉt (Dz) v Fut, 3 Sg Dz 1 will
go
paliáca (Ya) n Ya 1 police
, (Ya) , if he does not
give the money back, I will go to the police
poÉlnote (Ch) interj Ch 1 ,
( . .) do not say that (Russian ethn.)
poÉl‡n‡ (Dz) atr Dz 1 full
pamishaÉj (Ch) v Abs Ch 2
impede , hinder
pamitoÉla (Ya) n Ya 1 tomato
pamiraÉj (Sp) v Abs Sp 1 to die
pomiraÉla Dz , pomirlaÉ Tz (Dz , Tz ,
K) v Perf Dz 6, Tz 1, K 1 die
poÉmil‡ (K) v Perf K 1
remember
pamagaÉj (Dz , Vr) v Abs Dz 1, Vr 1
help
pamagaÉla (Dz) v Perf Dz 1
help
panimaÉj (K) v Abs K 1
understand
papaÉla (Dz) v Perf Dz 1 ,
to find oneself
papaÉla (Tz) v Perf Tz 1
(Tz) different things
- paruÉski (Vr) adv Vr 1 - in
Russian
pasadiá (K) v Abs K 1 plant
pasadiál (Dz) v Perf Dz 1 (
) put (in jail)
(Dz) [ ]they put that Chinese [in jail]
posadiáli (Dz) v Perf, Pl Dz 1
( ) to put (in jail)
posidiá (Ch) v Abs Ch 2 sit
? (Ch) ? do you sit with your wives?
poÉs‡le , poÉs‡lia (Ch , K) adv Ch 2, K 1
, later
pos‡matriá (Ch , K) v Abs Ch 1, K 2
look
pastaÉvi (Tz , K) v Abs Tz 1, K 1
( , ) put (of a trap, house)
16
p‡staÉvi (Dz) v Abs Dz 1
( ) put (of trap)
p‡stojaÉn‡ (Ar) adv Ar 1
always , all the time
(Ar) I always hunt
potoÉm (Dz , K) adv Dz 6, K 4 ,
then , when ,
(Dz) ,
when he went by boat, I went with him
potorgowaÉj (Ch) v Abs Ch 1
trade
poumilaÉj (K) v Abs K 1 die
poumilaÉjl‡ (K) v Perf K 2
die
(K) , ,
probably, tomorrow you will
fell ill and die
poxoÉdi (Ch) v Abs Ch 1 ,
, come
pachoÉma (Vr) adv Vr 1 ,
? ( . .) how much? , what is the price?
(Russian ethn.) (Vr)? how much are the
cucumbers?
pochiwaÉj (Mk) v Abs Mk 1 ,
treat
pochetoÉ (Ch) pron Ch 1 why
?
(Ch) ? why your
wife does not come here?
p‡soÉl Dz , pasoÉla Ya (Dz , Ya , K) v Perf
Dz 1, Ya 1, K 4 , , go
p‡raÉvina , buraÉvina (Sp) adv Sp 4
correctly
p‡rijeÉxal (Tz) v perf, Tz 1 ,
to come , to move
p‡rishoÉl‡ (Ch , Al) v Perf, Sg Ch 1, Al 1
come
p‡r‡viá÷ (K) n K 1
( ) province
(administrative unit of China)
p‡radawaÉj (Shd , Vr) 1 n Shd 1
( ) goods (situational)
(Shd) my goods are good
2 v Abs Vr 1 sell
p‡rodajoÉt (Dz) v Pres, Sg Dz 1
sell
p‡ropadiá (Ar) v Abs Ar 1
perish (Ar)many birds perished
p‡riaÉma (Ch) adj Ch 1 ,
true , right (Ch) it is true
p‡r’aÉchi (K) v Abs K 4 hide
? (K) ? what for
to hide him?
p‡r’aÉchila (K) v Perf K 2 hide
(K) his son
hid him
pus‡kaÉj (Sp) v Abs Sp 5 ,
, to put
(Spr) rice
sould be put in a sack
pus‡kaÉjla (Sp) v Perf Sp 2 ,
, , put
shiniása (Tz) n Tz 1 wheat
pitnaÉsati (Vr) num Vr 1
fifteen
p’ach (Vr , K) num Vr 1, K 1 five
? ?do you have five pennies?
pis’aÉt (K) num K 1 fifty
p’asoÉ^‡ (K) num K 1 five
hundred
roboÉt‡ (Dz , K) n Dz 1, K 1 work
(K) people went to their jobs
roboÉt‡j Dz , raboÉtai Ya , laboÉtaj Vr(Dz , Ya , Vr) 1 v Abs Dz 5, Ya 1, Vr 4 ,
work earn one's living
(Dz) he worked in a
shop in the collective farm ,
- (Ya) , he does not want to work, he
wants only to have a good time
2 n Vr 1 work
(Vr) it is
necessary to look for a job now
loboÉdal‡ (K) v Perf K 1
work
loboÉchi (K) n K 1 worker
raÉ^‡ (Sp) n Sp 1 time , occasion
(Sp) next time
raÉzn‡ (Ar) pron Ar 1 ,
different (Ar) there are
many different creatures in the taiga
laÉn’se (Tz , K) adv Tz 7, K 12
before , in the old times
rast’oÉ (K) v Praes K 1 grow
- , - , ,
17
, both
maize and soy beans were growing well
rasiá (K) v Abs K 2 grow
riás‡ (Dz) , liás‡ (Sp) (Dz , Sp) n Dz 1, Sp 4
rice
roÉun‡ (K) atr K 5 ,
flat
roÉdi÷ (K) n K 1 motherland
RoseÉju (Dz) n Dz 1 Russia
ruÉbli Vr, K , luÉb‡li K (Vr , K) n Vr 3, K 4
rouble
lugaÉj (Vr) v Abs Vr 1 scold
ruÉsk‡ (Dz) n Dz 4 Russian
(Dz) Russians drove that Chinese
away
ryÉba Dz , liába Sp , liápa Ya , lyÉba Shd (Dz
, Sp , Ya , Shd) n Dz 1, Sp 5, Ya 1, Shd 1 fish
ribaÉchi (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 ,
fish
riumaÉsheki (Ch) n Ch 1 wine-
glass (Ch)he can only drink wine
r’uÉmk‡ (K) n K 2 snall glass
r’aÉd‡m (Dz) adv Dz 1 ,
near , near by
s (K) prep K 1 ( ) with
, , (K) [
] ,[ ] it is written there
[on the box] what the anount of [guinseng] is to be put
in vodka
s‡palaviána (Tz) adv Tz 1
and a half
(Tz) my husband
was at the war for three years and a half
sadiá (Dz , Tz , K) v Abs 1 Dz 1, K 1 ,
( , ) to cultivate (field,vegetable garden)
2 Tz 3, K 3 , ( ) to
plant , to grow (Tz)in the old time
everything was grown on the ground
sadiál‡ (K) v Perf K 4 plant
, ,
(K) ,
, the real guinseng
has to be gathered in the forest, specially planted one is
no good
sadiáli (Tz) v Perf, Pl Tz 1 ,
to cultivate
sa^aÉj (K) v Abs K 1 ,
make sit down , put
salaÉt‡ (Sp) n Sp 1 salad
saÉla (Ya) n Ya 1 fat , bacon
sam (Dz , K) pron Dz 3, K 1 oneself
(Dz) he
himself went to the city
saÉma (Ch , Dz , Vr) pron 1 Ch 1
( ) self (reflexive pron.)
(Ch) you should think of yourself
2 Ch 1 one's ,
(Ch) , it is your
will, later you will regret
3 Vr 1, Dz 2 oneself
(Vr) I can not
do it myself
saxuaÉn , saxoÉn (Vr) v Abs Vr 2
( . .) lie (Russian ethn.)
(Vr) to lie is bad
s’oÉk‡lai (Ya) n Ya 1 beet
swaÉja (K) pron K 1 one's own
s‡dajoÉm (Tz) v 1 Pl Tz 1 sell to
official organization
sibeÉ (Tz) pron Tz 1 to oneself
: , (Tz), , all was
grown by people themselves: maize, wheat.
s‡woÉnni (K) adv K 2 today
(K) ,
when the person was sixty years old he was
buried
seÉ^a (Vr) n Vr 1 ( . ) boy
(Russian ethn.)
sis’aÉs , sh’as‡ Tz , sichaÉs‡ (Dz , Tz , Vr ,
K) adv 1 Dz 2, Tz 1, Vr 4, K 4 now
2 K 5 nowadays 3 K 2
moment
ser‡diá^a (Spr , Ch) v Abs Sp 2, Ch 1
be angry (Sp)
the mother got angry
(Ch) you
will be angry
sieÉrca (Ya) n Ya 1 heart
sirchaÉj (Ya) v Abs Ya 1 be
angry
seÉse (Vr) interj Vr 1 ( . )
thank you (Russian ethn)
sidiá (Dz) v Abs Dz 3 sit , stay
18
siál’n‡ (Tz) adv Tz 1 very , very
much
skaÉzka (Kk) n Kk 1 tale
s‡ka^ywaÉj (Ch) v Abs Ch 2
tell (Ch) I will tell to Nikita
koÉl’ko , s‡koÉk‡ K (Vr , K) adv Vr 1, K 6
? how much? , how many?
s‡lipoÉj (Dz) atr Dz 2 blind
s‡loÉw‡ (Ch) n Ch 1 word
(Ch) it is true
s‡lyÉshi (Tz) v Abs Tz 1 hear
simitaÉn (Ya) n Ya 1 sour creem
s‡nosiá (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 ( ) pull
down
soÉbol’ , soÉbala Tz (Dz , Tz) n Dz 1, Tz 1
sable
saseÉm‡ (Dz , Sp , Tz) adv Dz 1, Sp 2, Tz 1
very , at all /.../
(Sp) [ ] /.../
you are very bad [in doing
something] /.../ you should go shopping at all
(Dz) [ ] [he had] nothing at all
soledaÉtka (Ya) n Ya 1 soldier
soÉli (Ch) adv Ch 1 (?) surely (?)
(Ch) ,I surely will hang myself
soÉntsa Sp , soÉnca Shd, Vr , soÉlenca Ya(Sp , Ya , Shd , Vr) 1 Sp1, Ya 1 n sun
2 Shd 1, Vr 2 day
(Shd) you have
bought [it] three days ago
soÉp‡ka , suoÉp‡k‡ (Tz , K) n Tz 2, K 1
( ) mountain
soÉsi (Vr) v Abs Vr 1 ( . ) sit
down (Russian ethn.)
sajuÉza (Tz) Tz 2 n (
) Oxotsojuz
(official organization bying furs and meat from hunters)
, , (Tz) [ ] [ ],
[we] were looking for [ginseng] and gave
it to Oxotsojuz for flour and groats
soÉe (K) n K 1 soy bean
s‡piá (Dz , Vr , Ar) v Abs Dz 1, Vr 1, Ar 1
sleep , (Ar), you can sleep, I
will quard the fire
- s‡piála (Sp) v Perf Sp 1 sleep
s‡piá‡r (K) n K 5 spirit
(K) --
,spirit is like vodka, onl not mixed with water
p‡rasiál (Tz) v Perf, Sg Tz 1
ask
s‡raÉzu (K) adv K 1 at once
s‡taÉli (Dz) v Perf. Pl Dz 1
stop
s‡taliáka (Tz , Ya) n Tz 2, Ya 1 husband
s‡taÉr‡ , s‡taÉl‡ K (Tz , Ya , K) 1 Tz 1 n
old man (Tz) there are no old people
already
2 Tz 1, Ya 1, K 1 adj old
? (Ya) ? do you
sell old stuff? (K) old man
stoÉit (Vr) v Praes, 3 sg Vr 1 to cost
(Vr) ( . .) what is the price of cucumbers
(Russian ethn.)
syÉn‡ (Dz , Vr , K) n Dz 6, Vr 1, K 7 son
syÉnka (Ya) n Ya 1 son
syÉte (Vr) v Abs Vr 1 ( . ) sleep
(Russian ethn.)
sudaÉ (Dz , Tz , Ch , K) adv 1 Dz 3, Tz 1, Ch 1, K
1 , here , there
2 Tz 1 here (Tz)Koreans used to live here
3 Dz 2 like (?) (Dz) like this
4 Dz 1 prep , to , at
(Dz) to L'on'ka Kosoj
tatadyÉ (Vr) adj Vr 1 ( .
) big (Russian ethn)
taduxaÉ (Tz) n Tz 1 (
) Taduxa (name of a settlement)
tajgaÉ (Dz) n Dz 1 taiga , forest
taÉk‡ (Ch , K) adv Ch 3, K 3 so
(Ch) I do not want it so
(K) it was written so on the paper
takiáe (Tz) pron Pl Tz 1 like that
takoÉj (Dz , K , Kk) pron Dz 8, K 20, Kk 1
like that , of this kind
(K) [ ] it is
necessary to take this type [of medicine]
tam‡ (Dz , Tz , K) 1 adv Dz 6, Tz 2, K 6 ,
there , here
2 Tz 1, K 1 then
19
3 K 1 for example
4 prep Dz 2, K 2 in (Dz) [we] bought [it] in the city
5 K 5 " "
(K) is still alive
tamafeÉner (Ya) n Ya 1
drug-taker ( .) (from Chinese)
tapiánza (Ya) n Ya 1 (
) bun (with corn seeds) ( . ta-ping-tzy) (Chinese ta-ping-tzy)
taskaÉj (Dz , Vr) v Abs Dz 2, Vr 1 ,
, carry , steal
(Dz) [ ] [it is necessary]
to carry carcasses of wild pigs
t‡wajaÉ , tvajaÉ (Ya , Shd , Vr) pron 1 Ya 1, Shd
1, Vr 1 ( ) you
(Sg) (all cases) (Vr)I told you
2 Ch 1, Shd 1 (
) your (Sg) (possessive)
(Ch) your Nikita is a bad person
tibeÉ , cibie Ya , tibi Ch, Mk (Dz , Sp , Ya , Ch
, Vr , Kk , Mk , Ar) pron 1 Dz 1, Sp 3, Ch 4, Vr 2, Kk 2, Ar 1
you (Sg.) ,
? (Ch) ,
? how do you think why have I come?
2 Dz 1, Sp1, Ya 1, Ch 1, Vr 2, Mk 1 ,
( ) you (Sg) (Oblique case)
(Sp) you should not go shopping
3 Vr 1 your (Sg.) ,
(Vr) [ ] your
son is playing [will play]
tipeÉr’ (K) adv K 3 now
d’oÉpl‡ (K) atr K 1 warm
toÉ^‡ (Dz , Tz , K , Ar) adv Dz 2, Tz 3, K 4, Ar 1
also (Ar)the crow is also hungry
toÉka (Dz , Tz , Ch , K) adv 1 Ch 1, K 1
only ,
(Dz) ,he could not hunt, he only cultivated a
vegetanle-garden
2 Dz 3, Tz 1 as soon as
trawaÉ (Dz) n Dz 5 grass
(Dz) it was like
grass
t‡riá (Tz , Shd , Vr , K) num Tz 1, Shd 1, Vr 1, K 1
three
triátsa , triátsati Vr (Tz , Vr) num Tz 1,
Vr 1 thirty
t‡riáta (K) num K 3 thirty
tuda (Dz , K) adv Dz 4, K 4 there
t‡ , tuÉt‡ (K) adv K 2 here
tuÉta (Ch , K) adv Ch 1, K 1 , here
tufaÉ (Ya) n Ya 2 ( )
tofu (cheese with beans) ( . t`ou-fu) (Chinese t`ou-
fu)
ty (Al , K , Kk) pron ( . .) you (Nom) Al 3,
K 9, Kk 1 (K) you can not buy like that
tyÉcha (K) num K 6 thousand
tur‡maÉ (Dz) n Dz 1 prison , jail
uniáx (K) pron K 1 at their place
ubi^aÉla (Sp) v Perf Sp 1 run
away
ubiwaÉj (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 hunt
(Dz) he did
not hunt wild animals
ubivaÉli (Dz) v Perf, 3 Pl Dz 1
( ) kill (while hunting)
uiádila (K) v Perf K 4 see
uwiádi (K) v Abs K 1 see
ua^iál‡ (K) v Perf K 1 ,
carry away
udeÉ (Dz) n Dz 1 Udihe
ujeÉx‡l (Dz) v Perf, Sg Dz 1
, / /, / / -- away probsbly,
the final i was dropped because of the initial i of the
following word ihin' -- uehali ihin'
u^eÉ , ush (Tz , K) adv Tz 1, K 2 already
- , (K) [ ] [guinseng] of this type does not
exist any more
wiktaÉ (Ar) n Ar 1 star ( . waikta)
(Udihe waikta)
umeÉj (Dz) v Abs 1 Dz 6 know how ,
able to
2 Dz 2 , can
umeÉsha (Ch) v Abs Ch 1 can , be
able (Ch)he can only drink wine
uÉtr‡m (Dz) adv Dz 1 in the morning
uxaÉ̂ iwaj (Dz) v Abs Dz 1
take care
uÉxo (Tz) n Tz 1 ears ,
(Tz) ,the ears do not hear, the head aches
20
uÉchasa (K) v Abs K 1 make
studies
ucheniák‡ (K) n K 2 pupil
uchikaÉn (Ya) n Ya 1 hare
fal’shiáwajla (Ch) v Perf Ch 1
, lie , deceive
(Ch) [ ?] I do not deceive
famiáli (Sp) n Sp 1 , clan ,
family name
faÉnguli (Sp , Vr) v Perf Sp 1, Vr 1
, break fall down ( . ) (Russian
ethn)
paÉn^a Dz , faÉ÷z‡ Sp (Sp , Dz , Tz , Ya , Vr) n
1 Dz 1 ( ) fandza
(Chinese country house) ( . fan-tsy) (Chinese fan-
tsy) 2 Sp 1, Tz 1, Ya 4, Vr 1 house
fynchoÉ^a (Ya) n Ya 1
( ) groats (type) ( . fen-t`iao-tzy) (Chinese fen-t`iao-tzy)
xadyÉk‡ (K) adv K 4 by foot
xanshián (Ya) n Ya 1 vodka
xaÉo (Sp) adv Sp 1 well ( . )
(Chinese xao)
xarchidaÉn (Ya) n Ya 1
canteen ( . + . tien)(contamination of Rus. 'xarchi' "food" + Chin. tien)
x‡wataÉj (Vr) v Abs Vr 1 ,
to be enough (Vr)it is not enough bread
xinpixián (Vr) adv Vr 1 ?
will it do? ( . .) (Russian ethn.)
x‡leÉb‡ Tz , lieÉba Ya , leÉba Vr (Tz , Ya , Vr) n
Tz 1, Ya 1, Vr 1 bread
xopuxoÉ (Vr) adv Vr 1 ? is it
good? ( . .) (Russian ethn.)
xadiá , xa^iá Ya , xodiá Shd , xatiá Al (Dz , Tz ,
Ya , Shd , Al , K) v Abs Dz 10, Tz 2, Ya 4, Shd 1, K 6, Al 2
, , go , come
(Tz)
my husband used to go hunting
, (Ya) , if he does not give the
money back, I will go to the police
xadiála (Dz , Tz , K) v Perf Dz 2, Tz 1, K 6
come , go (K) they walk on the ground
xoÉdim (Tz , Dz) v 1 Praes, 1 Pl Tz 1
go 2 Imper Dz 2 , come , move
(Dz) let her move to their house
xoÉdit (Dz , Tz) v Praes Dz 1, Tz 1 go
- (Tz) I can hardly
walk
xa^aÉin‡ (K) n K 1 master
xoÉkan (Ya) adj Ya 1 beautiful
( . hao-k`an) (Chinese hao-k`an)
xaroÉshan‡ki (Ch , Mk) adj Ch 1, Mk
1 good
(Ch) how good are your
laws
xoroÉsh‡ (Dz , Sp , K) 1 adv Dz 2, Sp 1
well 2 adj Dz 1, K 1 good
xarashoÉ (K) adv K 2 good , well
(K) guinseng is good for you
xoÉchit (Dz) v Pres Dz 2 wish , want
xoÉchu , xaochu , xyÉchi Ch , xoÉchi K (Dz ,
Ya , Ch , K , Ar) v Abs Dz 4, Ya 4, Ch 4, K 3, Ar 1
want , wish ? (Ya)? whom do you want to see?
(K) ,
he wants to
take guinseng to be always young
x‡raniá (K) v Abs K 1 keep
, , (K) [ ] ,
they keep it [guinseng] in a box wrapped in
paper
xuÉd‡ (Ar) atr Ar 1 bad
(Ar) ,
I think these are bad people
xuÉd‡ (Sp , Shd) adj Sp 2, Shd 1 ,
bad , good for nothing
(?) xueryÉka (Sp) n Sp 1 ? ?
(Sp) (?) you are a bad (?)
xunxuÉ^‡ (Vr) n Vr 1 (
) ( . ) xunxuz (forest bandit) (Russian
ethn)
X‡É^uÜ (Sp) n Sp 4 ( )
( ) XeTzu (personalname) (comic character from jokes)
setyÉ (K) n K 1 flowers
ceÉna , cheÉna (Ya , Vr) n Ya 1, Vr 1
money (Ya) , he thinks that I will
give him money
tsuba (Vr) interj Vr 1 ! ( . ) go
away! (Russian ethn)
chaj , cha , caj Mk (Vr , Mk) n Vr 2, Mk 1
tea
21
chaÉs‡ (K) n 1 K 2 time 2 K 1 hour
(K) it takes five hours to come there
(?) chaÉch‡ka (Sp) n Sp 2
, , cup , basin
cheÉga (Sp , Ya) pron Sp 1, Ya 1 this ( .
shega)(Chinese shega) (Spr)
this house is not good
(Ya) [ ] this house is very good [nice]
chiwoÉ (Dz) (Dz , Tz , K) 1 pron K 5 what
2 adv , K 1 and so
on, etc (Dz) sable and other fur animals
3 adv Dz 2, Tz 2 K 1 how it was ,
, (K) , ,
ah, (they) are writing down how it was
before ? ? why?
- ?? why grandmother's grave is made
flat?
- ch’oÉt‡ (K) adv K 1 - , -
for some reason
- chiwoÉ-chiwoÉ (Dz , K , Sp) pron 1 Dz 1
, this and that
, - (Dz), , his
wife shouts ans oreders to do this and that
2 Sp 1, K 4 , different
- (Sp) Man by the name of
HeTzu baught different things
? chiwoÉ (Dz , Vr , K) pron Dz 1, Vr 1, K 1 ?
, ? what? , what for? ?
(Dz) ? what for should I go
there? ? (K) ? what
do you say?
chilaveÉk (Tz) n Tz 1 man ,
human
chort‡^naÉj (Vr) interj Vr 1
God knows
chidoÉ puchidoÉ (Vr) adv Vr 1
? ( . .) do you know? (Russian ethn.)
chis‡tyÉ (Sp) atr Sp 1 clean
chitaÉj (Vr) v Abs Vr 2 to read
chyfaÉn , chi fan’ (Ya , Vr) 1 v Abs Ya 1, Vr
1 , ( . .) eat (Russian ethn.)
2 n Vr 1 , food
cho (Dz , Tz) 1 Tz 1 ,
and so on , etc
2 pron Dz 1 what (Dz)
? it is nothing for the Russian
3 Tz 1 what (Tz)different things
chtoÉby (Tz) conj Tz 1 (
) so that
(Tz) [ ] so that [an
animal] would not notice anything
chu^oÉj (Dz , Ch) n Dz 1, Ch 1
, another person , stranger
chumiá^a (Ya , Vr) n Ya 1, Vr 1
( ) ( . ) millet (Russian ethn) ( .
czou-mi-tzy) (Chinese czou-mi-tzy)
chuÉshka (Ya) n Ya 1 pig
- shal‡taÉj-bal‡taÉj (Ch) v Abs Ch
1 arrange , agree -
(Ch) it is
possible to come to an agreement
shangoÉ , shangaÉu Shd (Sp , Ya , Shd , Vr)
atr 1 Sp 1, Ya 2, Shd 2 , good ,
nice (Ya) [ ] this house is very good
[nice] (Shd) very
good
2 well ( )
very well (Vr) ? is it good? ( )
(word of an unknown origin)
shej (Dz) v Abs Dz 1 to sew
shes’ (Vr) num Vr 1 six
chijs’aÉt (K) num K 9
sixty
shisoÉ̂ ‡ (K) num K 4 six
hundred
shoÉl‡ka (Ch) n Ch 1 silk
shiápk‡ Dz , siábik‡ Sp , shyÉpka Ya (Dz ,
Sp , Ya) adv 1 Sp 1, Ya 1 very
(Sp) very bad [not good]
2 Dz 1 very well
shiál‡ (Dz) v Perf Dz 3 sew
shymaÉ (Ya , Vr) pron Ya 3, Vr 1 what
? (Ya) ?what do you say?
s‡tuÉka (Vr) n Vr 1 thing , item
- shymaÉ-shymaÉ (Ya) pron Ya 1
- something ( . szen-ma szen-ma) (Chineseszen-ma szen-ma)
s’ot (Dz) v Pres, Sg Dz 3 to sew
, , , (Dz) , , , I was
suffering, I was sewing all the time
22
eÉt‡ (Dz , K) interj Dz 2, K 2 ...
( ) m-m-m (hezitation)
eÉta (Dz , Sp , K , Kk) pron 1 pron K 10, Kk 1
this
2 pron Sp 1, K 16 , , ( ) he, she,
it , (Spr)he bought
such a fish and put it into the water
3 K 12 ( ) ( ) this
is (demonstrative copula) (K) this was long ago
4 Dz 5, Sp 6 (?)
this marker of definiteness (?)
(Spr) the mother was angry
5 pron K 1 like that ,
? (K) ? Have
you (ever) planted sweet pepper?
6 K 2 possessive
marker (K)the japanese have Chinese
letters
eÉta iwoÉ (K) interj K 2 well
ju (Ya , Vr) v Praes 1 Ya 4, Vr 3 , to
be , to have , (Ya) I have one daughter and
two sons
2 Ya 2, Vr 1 ( )
(affirmative marker) (Ya)
he has fallen ill
(Vr)I sell twenty items in a day
( . ju) (Chinese ju)
ju mei ju ju mi ju (Ya , Vr) part 1 Vr 2
? are there? ? (Vr) [] ? do you have money?
2 Ya 3 ( ) (interrogative
marker) ? (Ya)? has he fallen ill? ( . " - ")
(Chinese "is - isn't")
juj (Vr) n Vr 1 fish
(Vr) fish cost
thirty kopeks
juÉla (Sp) 1 v Perf Sp3 was
2 marker of
accomplished action - - (Spr)the gaurd has fallen asleep ( . -
) (Chinese ju-la)
juliát’ (Vr) v Inf Vr 1 ( . .)
raw (Russian ethn.)
- juliá-juliá (Vr) n 1 Vr 2 -
Chinese boatman
- (Vr) ( . ). -
(Vr) I work as a
boatman on the sea Vr 1 ( )boat (Chinese type)
2 Vr 1 ( ) to rew (a
Chinese boat) Vr 1 \ , to
travel , to walk
ja (Dz , Tz , K) 1 Dz 20, Tz 3, K 15 pron 1 Sg ( .
.) I (Nom.) 2 Dz 1 ( . ) me (Obl.)
( ) I was not driven
away (to China)
jaÉjts‡ (Sp) n Sp 3 egg
jaÉm‡ (K) n K 1 hole (in the ground)
, ,
(K) , ,when a person died they were digging a hole
in the grouns and made him a coffin
jamyÉn’ (Ya) n Ya 1 police ( .
ja-men) (Chinese ja-men)
jandiá (Vr) n Vr 1 ( . .) eyes
(Russian ethn.)
ibeÉ÷ka (K) n 1 K 1 Japanese
2 adj Japan ,
(K) , it is
worm in Japan, he went there
jaÉs‡k‡ (K) n K 2 , box , coffin
23