– 3 – answer a1. data analysis question.nothingnerdy.wikispaces.com/file/view/combined...

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8810-6505 –3– Turn over N10/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX SECTION A Answer all the questions in the spaces provided. A1. Data analysis question. A student performs an experiment with a paper toy that rotates as it falls slowly through the air. After release, the paper toy quickly attains a constant vertical speed as measured over a fixed vertical distance. release of paper toy paper toy fixed distance The aim of the experiment was to find how the terminal speed of the paper toy varies with its weight. The weight of the paper toy was changed by using different numbers of paper sheets in its construction. (This question continues on the following page) 0324 COMBINED IB SL MEASUREMENT PRACTICE QUESTIONS PAGE 1

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Page 1: – 3 – Answer A1. Data analysis question.nothingnerdy.wikispaces.com/file/view/Combined IB...COMBINED IB SL MEASUREMENT PRACTICE QUESTIONS PAGE 1 8810-6505 – 4 – N10/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX

8810-6505

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N10/4/PHYSI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX

SECTIONA

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

A1. Dataanalysisquestion.

A student performs an experiment with a paper toy that rotates as it falls slowly throughtheair.Afterrelease,thepapertoyquicklyattainsaconstantverticalspeedasmeasuredoverafixedverticaldistance.

releaseofpapertoy

papertoy fixeddistance

The aim of the experiment was to find how the terminal speed of the paper toy varieswith its weight. Theweight of the paper toywas changed by using different numbers ofpaper sheets in its construction.

(This question continues on the following page)

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(Question A1 continued)

Thegraphshowsaplotoftheterminalspeedvofthepapertoy(calculatedfromtherawdata)andthenumberofpapersheetsnusedtoconstructthetoy.Theuncertaintyinvforn =1isshownbytheerrorbar.

v/m s–1

0.45

0.40

0.35

0.30

0.25

0.20

0.15

0.10

0.05

0.000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 n

(a) Thefixeddistanceis0.75 mandhasanabsoluteuncertaintyof0.01 m.Thepercentageuncertaintyinthetimetakentofallthroughthefixeddistanceis5 %.

(i) Calculatetheabsoluteuncertaintyintheterminalspeedofthepapertoyforn = 6.

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[3]

(ii) Onthegraph,drawanerrorbaronthepointcorrespondington = 6. [1]

(b) Onthegraph,drawalineofbest-fitforthedatapoints. [1]

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(Question A1 continued)

(c) The studenthypothesizes thatv isproportional ton.Usethedatapoints forn = 2andn = 4fromthegraphoppositetoshowthat thishypothesis is incorrect.

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(Question A1 continued)

(d) Another student hypothesized that v might be proportional to n . To verify thishypothesisheplottedagraphofv2againstnasshownbelow.

v2/m2s–2

0.20

0.18

0.16

0.14

0.12

0.10

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

0.00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

n

Explainhowthegraphverifiesthehypothesisthatvisproportionalto n .

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Section a

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

a1. Dataanalysisquestion.

Gillian carried out an experiment to investigate the craters formed when steel balls aredroppedintosand.Totryandfindtherelationshipbetweenthediameterofthecraterandtheenergyofimpactofsteelballsof thesamediameter,shedroppedasteelballfromdifferentheightshintosandandmeasuredtheresultingdiameterdofthecrater.Thedataareshownplottedbelow.

d/×10–2m 12

10

8

6

4

2

00 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

h/m

(a) The uncertainty in the measurement of d is ±0.40cm; the uncertainty in h is toosmall tobeshown. Drawerrorbars for thedatapoint (0.2,0.047)and thedatapoint(2.0, 0.10). [2]

(b) Drawabest-fitlineforthedatapoints. [2]

(c) Theoriginalhypothesis,madebyGillian,wasthatthediameterofthecraterisdirectlyproportionaltotheenergyofimpactofthesteelballs. Explainwhythedatadoesnotsupport thishypothesis.

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(Question A1 continued)

(d) SinceGillian’s data did not support her hypothesis, she researched tofind alternativehypotheses. She found that there are two theories used to predict a relationshipbetween d and h. In order to find which theory is best supported by the data,sheprocessedthedataintwoseparateways.Theprocesseddataareshownbelow.

theory 1

Predictsthatd const h= ( )

13

d

00 h

13

theory 2

Predictsthatd const h= ( )

14

d

00 h

14

(i) Drawalineofbest-fitoneachgraph. [2]

(ii) Stateandexplainwhichtheoryisbestsupportedbythestudent’sdata.

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[2]

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SecTion a

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

a1. Thisquestionisaboutelectricalresistance.

ThegraphshowsthevariationwithtemperatureToftheresistanceRofanelectricalcomponent.

R / Ω

T / K250 300 350 400

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

(a) Astudenthypothesizesthattheresistanceisinverselyproportionaltothetemperature. Usedatafromthegraphtoshowwhetherthehypothesisissupported.

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(Question A1 continued)

(b) Asecondstudentsuggeststhattherelationshipisoftheform

lg = +R a b

T whereaandbareconstants.

Thestudentplotsthegraphbelow.Errorbarshavebeenincludedforthesakeofclarity.

–3

–2

–1

0

1

2

3

4

1 2 3 40

5

(This question continues on the following page)

lg(R

/ Ω

)

1 10 3 1

T/ K× − −

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(Question A1 continued)

(i) Explainhowthegraphdrawncouldbeusedasevidencetosupportthestudent’ssuggestion.

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(ii) Usethegraphtodeterminetheconstantsaandb.

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(iii) Usingyouranswersto(b)(ii),determineavaluefortheresistanceofthecomponentatatemperatureof260K.

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Section a

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

a1. Dataanalysisquestion.

ThefrequencyfofthefundamentalvibrationofastandingwaveoffixedlengthismeasuredfordifferentvaluesofthetensionTinthestring,usingtheapparatusshown.

signalgenerator

L pulley

mass

vibrator string

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(Question A1 continued)

InordertofindtherelationshipbetweenthespeedvofthewaveandthetensionTinthestring,thespeedviscalculatedfromtherelation

v =2 f L whereListhelengthofthestring.

Thedatapointsareshownplottedontheaxesbelow.Theuncertaintyinvis±5ms–1andtheuncertaintyinTisnegligible.

v/ms–1

60

50

40

30

20

10

0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

T/N

(a) Drawerrorbarsonthefirstandlastdatapointstoshowtheuncertaintyinspeedv. [1]

(b) The original hypothesis is that the speed is directly proportional to the tension T.Explainwhy thedatadonot support thishypothesis.

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(Question A1 continued)

(c) Itissuggestedthattherelationshipbetweenspeedandtensionisoftheform

v k T=

wherekisaconstant.

To testwhether thedatasupport thisrelationship,agraphofv2againstT isplottedasshownbelow.

v2/×103m2s–2

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

T/N

The best-fit line shown takes into account the uncertainties for each data point.Theuncertainty inv2 forT =3.5Nisshownasanerrorbaron thegraph.

(i) Statethevalueoftheuncertaintyinv2forT =3.5N.

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[1]

(ii) AtT =1.0Nthespeedv =27±5ms–1.Calculatetheuncertaintyinv2.

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(Question A1 continued)

(d) Usethegraphin(c)todeterminekwithoutitsuncertainty.

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[4]

0 5 2 2

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SecTion a

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

a1. Thisquestionisaboutliquidflow.

Thediagramshowsastoragecontainerforliquids.

h

container

h0

Thecontainer isfilled fromabove. Thedistancebetween thebaseof thecontainerand thegroundish0.

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(Question A1 continued)

The container, which is initially empty, is then filled at a constant rate. The height h ofthe liquidsurfaceabove theground ismeasuredasa functionof time t. The resultsof themeasurementsareshownplottedbelow.

liquid surfaceheightabovegroundh/m

8.5

7.5

6.5

5.5

4.5

3.50 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 timet/s

(a) Drawabest-fitlineforthedata. [1]

(b) It is hypothesized thath is directly proportional to t. State and explainwhether thishypothesisiscorrectfortheperiods

(i) t =0tot =120s.

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[1]

(ii) t >120s.

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[1]

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(Question A1 continued)

(c) Usedatafromthegraphtodeterminethevalueofh0.

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[2]

(d) The area of the base of the container is 1.8m2. Deduce that the volume of liquidentering thestoragecontainereachsecond isapproximately0.02m3s–1.

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[3]

(e) The container is completely filled after 850s. Calculate the total volume of thecontainer.

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[1]

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(Question A1 continued)

(f) Theemptycontainerisnowfilledathalftheratein(d).Usingtheaxes, sketcha graphtoshowthevariationofhwith t intheranget =0tot =900s. [2]

liquid surfaceheightabovegroundh/m

8.5

3.50 900 timet/s

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Section a

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

a1. Thisquestionisaboutelectricalresistanceofthemetalmercury.

TheresistanceRofasampleofmercurywasmeasuredasafunctionofthetemperature Tofthe sample. The samplewascooledanddatapointswere takenat temperature intervalsof0.2K.TheuncertaintiesinRandTaretoosmalltobeshownonthegraph.

R/Ω

6

5

4

3

2

1

02 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7

T/K

Thehypothesisisthatresistanceisproportionaltoabsolutetemperaturefortemperaturesgreaterthan4.5K.

(a) (i) Suggestwhetherthedatasupportsthehypothesis.

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[1]

(ii) Drawalineofbestfitthroughthedata. [2]

(b) State the value of R for which the rate of change of resistance of the sample withtemperatureisleast.

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[1]

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0 2 2 0

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(Question A1 continued)

(c) AtatemperatureTCtheresistancesuddenlybecomeszero.

(i) UsethegraphtodeterminethepossiblerangeofthetemperatureTC.

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[1]

(ii) State, to the correct number of significant figures, the value of TC and itsuncertainty.

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[2]

(iii) OutlinehowthetemperatureTCcouldbemeasuredmoreprecisely.

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[1]

(d) OutlinetworeasonswhyyoucouldnotusethedatatodetermineanaccuratevalueforRatroomtemperature.

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[2]

0 3 2 0

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