1

Комитет Полномочных Представителей Комитет Полномочных Представителей 26 ноября 2010 г., г.Дубна26 ноября 2010 г., г.Дубна

ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ И ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ И ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ

НОВЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВНОВЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ

ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКОЙ ТАБЛИЦЫ ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКОЙ ТАБЛИЦЫ

Д.И. МЕНДЕЛЕЕВАД.И. МЕНДЕЛЕЕВА

ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ И ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ И ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ

НОВЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВНОВЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ

ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКОЙ ТАБЛИЦЫ ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКОЙ ТАБЛИЦЫ

Д.И. МЕНДЕЛЕЕВАД.И. МЕНДЕЛЕЕВА

С.Н. ДмитриевС.Н. Дмитриев

2

3

4

Трансурановые элементыТрансурановые элементыТрансурановые элементыТрансурановые элементы

93 ≤ 93 ≤ Z ≤ 100: Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, FmZ ≤ 100: Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm

Md→118 – Md→118 – реакции с тяжелыми ионамиреакции с тяжелыми ионами

6

IV V VI

Hf Ta W

104 105 106

• ГазоваяГазовая химияхимия (gas-phase chemistry)(gas-phase chemistry)(Летучесть галогенидов, оксигалогенидов)(Летучесть галогенидов, оксигалогенидов)• Термохроматография (Термохроматография (ofof--lineline))• ИзотермическаяИзотермическая хроматографияхроматография (OLGA: On-Line Gas chromatography(OLGA: On-Line Gas chromatography))

1966 г. – И. Звара и др. (ЛЯР ОИЯИ, Дубна)

HfClHfCl44 TaBr TaBr55 WOWO22ClCl22

104Cl104Cl44 105Br 105Br55 106O106O22ClCl22

HfClHfCl44 TaBr TaBr55 WOWO22ClCl22

104Cl104Cl44 105Br 105Br55 106O106O22ClCl22

ХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВ(Z>103)(Z>103)

ХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВ(Z>103)(Z>103)

7

Aqueous-phase ChemistryAqueous-phase Chemistry1980 г. – Хьюлет и др.; 1980 г. – Хьюлет и др.; DD..HoffmanHoffman и др и др..261261

RfRf (78 сек) (78 сек) - - экстракция экстракция RfClxRfClx аминамиаминами

- - сорбция катионитамисорбция катионитамиRfRfHfHfZrZr - - экстракция ТВР, экстракция ТВР, TIOATIOA

ARCA (Automated Rapid ChemistryARCA (Automated Rapid ChemistryApparatus)Apparatus)263263DbDb – 27 сек жидкостная – 27 сек жидкостная

хроматографияхроматографияDbDbTaTaNbNb

SISAK (Short-lived Isotopes Studied SISAK (Short-lived Isotopes Studied by the AKufve technique)by the AKufve technique)многоступенчатая жидкостная многоступенчатая жидкостная

экстракция экстракция на высокоскоростных на высокоскоростных

микроцентрифугахмикроцентрифугах((257257Rf – Rf – 4 сек4 сек))

104104

ХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВ

8

5 40Zr 41Nb 42Mo 43Tc 44Ru 45Rh 46Pd 47Ag 48Cd

6 72Hf 73Ta 74W 75Re 76Os 77Ir 78Pt 79Au 80Hg

7 104Rf 105Db 106Sg 107Bh 108Hs 109Mt 110Ds 111Rg 112

RfCl4 DbCl5 SgO2Cl2 BhO3Cl HsO4

RfBr4 DbBr5

261Rf() 262,263Db() 266Sg(,SF) 267Bh() 269Hs() 268Mt() 271Ds() 272Rg() 277112()

78 s 30 s 21 s 15 s 9 s 0,1 s 0,2 s 2,5 ms 460 s

ХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВХИМИЯ ТРАНСАКТИНОИДОВ

9

Isotopes:

+U , Pu , Am , Cm[233, 238] [242, 244] [245, 248], [249][243] Cf Z = 112 - 118 48 Ca

beam tim e - 4000 h/y

beam intensity - 4 - 8 .10 /s

12

48Ca

Enrichment up to 68-70%(Lesnoy)

isotope productionhigh flux reactors

(Oak Ridge, Dimitrovgrad)

isotope enrichment 98-99%S-2 separator

(Sarov)

New ECR-ion sourceNew ECR-ion source(GANIL, JINR)(GANIL, JINR)

New separator & detectorsNew separator & detectors(Dubna, Livermore)(Dubna, Livermore)

New target matterNew target matter

technology of the target preparation – 0.3 mg/cm2 Separation and detection of Separation and detection of

superheavy nucleisuperheavy nuclei

Efforts focused on the synthesis of SHE

REACTORREACTORREGIMEREGIME

ACCELERATORSACCELERATORS

ISOTOPEISOTOPEENRICHMENTENRICHMENT

TARGET TECHNOLOGYTARGET TECHNOLOGY

NEWNEWRECOILRECOILSEPARATORSEPARATOR

10

ЦИКЛОТРОН У400ЦИКЛОТРОН У400ЦИКЛОТРОН У400ЦИКЛОТРОН У400

Карта нуклидовКарта нуклидов

~20 s

Of-line chemical separation of 268Db

Z=115

rotatingentrance window

catcher ofrecoiling atoms

rotatingAm -target243

He box (1 tor)

beam

12.50

Nb / Ta / Db - fraction4 - fissionfragment detectors

78-3He - neutrondetector

Dmitriev S N et al., Mendeleev Commun.15 (2005) 1Schumann D et al., Radiochim. Acta 93 (2005) 727Stoyer N J et al., Proc.9th Int. Conf. NN Collisions,Brazil, 28 Aug.–1 Sep. 2006.

Oganessian Yu Ts et al., Phys. Rev. C 69 (2004) 021601

10.46 MeV

9.75 MeV

9.71 MeV

125 m s

0.69 s

5.2 s

14.14 s

1.03 s

115

R

113

111

Mt

Bh

288

284

280

276

272

5

4

3

2

1

9.02 MeV

0 .

23.1 h

SF

Db268

205 MeV

10. MeV00

Transactinides

15 events

4848Ca + Ca + 243243AmAm4848Ca + Ca + 243243AmAmN SampleN Sample

(data)(data)ttirrirr

hrhr

Beam Beam DoseDose

EEbotbot+E+Etoptop+ + 11n (t,n (t,c)c) ttdetectdetect

hrhr

ttmeasurementmeasurement

hrhr

1 (1 (12.06)12.06) 2020 2,52,510101717 120+126+2120+126+211n (5;64)n (5;64) 2020 429429

2 (2 (13.06)13.06) 2222 3,73,710101717 2̶ 2̶ +86+1+86+111n (57)n (57) 7474 186186

3 (3 (14.06)14.06) 2222 3,43,410101717 131+124+1131+124+111n (3)n (3)

116+122+2116+122+211n (8;16)n (8;16)

1515

7272 385385

4 (4 (15.06)15.06) 2222 2,92,910101717 104+120+1104+120+111n (2)n (2)

97+125+197+125+111n (151)n (151)

100+128+1100+128+111n (89)n (89)

2222

2929

5151 358358

5 (5 (17.06)17.06) 3838 6,76,710101717 117+118+2117+118+211n (6,98)n (6,98)

108+107+3108+107+311n (4,31,43)n (4,31,43)

110+104+0110+104+011n n

----+76+2+76+211n (6,41)n (6,41)

66

99

1515

6868 861861

6 (6 (18.06)18.06) 2323 3,93,910101717 120+114+2120+114+211n (2,2)n (2,2) 3939 933933

7 (7 (19.06)19.06) 2222 3,63,610101717 -- -- 957957

8 (8 (21.06)21.06) 4545 7,47,410101717 119+110+2119+110+211n (5;33)n (5;33)

118+105+2118+105+211n (72,165)n (72,165)

65+58+365+58+311n (12,19,29)n (12,19,29)

55

9393

174174

910910

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

3,4.1018

14

Spontaneous fission half-life of 268Db

(N=163)

0 100 200 300time (hours)

Coun

ts / 1

0 ho

urs

0.1

1

10

0 100 200 300time (hours)

Coun

ts / 1

0 ho

urs

0.1

1

10

0 100 200

T = 29 h1/2

300

15 events

time (hours)

Coun

ts / 1

0 ho

urs

0.1

1

10

T1/2 = 32 h

15 events

00

50

50

100

E (

MeV

)1

E (MeV)2

E/ E

= 1

1

2

100

150

150

00

2

4

200

230 MeV

100TKE (MeV)

6

300

Cou

nts

/ 10M

eV

0

Cou

nts

0

5

1 0

1 2 3 4 5

M u lt ip le c o in c id e n ce

= 4 .2252Cf

268Db

QF ~ 280 MeV

15

ConclusionConclusion

The properties of the isotope The properties of the isotope 268268Db Db produced in the decay chain of produced in the decay chain of element 115element 115 using the gas-filled recoil separator agree by all using the gas-filled recoil separator agree by all measured parameters with the data of the present chemical measured parameters with the data of the present chemical experiment on the determination of its atomic number.experiment on the determination of its atomic number.

The decay chain of The decay chain of element 115element 115 synthesized in the reaction synthesized in the reaction 243243Am+Am+4848CaCa consists of 5 sequential consists of 5 sequential -transitions-transitions resulting in the resulting in the formation of the long-lived nucleus of formation of the long-lived nucleus of element 105element 105 leading to leading to spontaneous fission. A hypothesis of the possible spontaneous fission. A hypothesis of the possible -decay-decay of the of the Db Db nucleusnucleus has been totally rejected by the conditions of chemical has been totally rejected by the conditions of chemical separation of the reaction products in this experiment.separation of the reaction products in this experiment.

Thus, the data from the present experiment are the independent Thus, the data from the present experiment are the independent evidence for the synthesis of evidence for the synthesis of element 115element 115 as well as as well as element 113element 113 in in the reactionthe reaction 243243Am+Am+4848CaCa

Карта нуклидовКарта нуклидов

contraction and stabilization contraction and stabilization of of ss and and pp1/21/2 orbitalsorbitals

expansion and expansion and destabilization of destabilization of dd and and ff orbitalsorbitals

SO splitting of SO splitting of pp, , dd, , ff orbitalsorbitals

jj = = ll ss

20 )/(1(/ cvmm

2200 /4 mea

Re(7s) = 20%

scale as ~ Z2

-23

-19

-15

-11

-7

-3

1

E,

eV

7s

6d

nr rel

7s1/2

6d5/2

6d3/2

112

Relativistic effectsRelativistic effectsRelativistic effectsRelativistic effects

18

GAS PHASE CHEMISTRY WITH GAS PHASE CHEMISTRY WITH ELEMENTS ELEMENTS 112112 AND AND 114114

GAS PHASE CHEMISTRY WITH GAS PHASE CHEMISTRY WITH ELEMENTS ELEMENTS 112112 AND AND 114114

Are elements 112 and 114 volatile metals?

How do relativistic effects influence the chemistry of E112 and of E114?

19

How to experimentally determine a metallic How to experimentally determine a metallic character of a volatile element at a single character of a volatile element at a single

atom level?atom level?

→ → Determine interaction energy (adsorptionDetermine interaction energy (adsorption enthalpy) with noble metals (e.g. Au) enthalpy) with noble metals (e.g. Au)

→ → If metallic: strong interaction (adsorptionIf metallic: strong interaction (adsorption enthalpy) if non-metallic (noble gas like): enthalpy) if non-metallic (noble gas like): weak interaction weak interaction

Reaction:

242Pu(48Ca,3n)287114[0.5s]→α→283112[3.6s]

Compound Hg(Au)

and 112(Au)

Observed in Chemistry:Observed in Chemistry:

283112

4 s

9.54 MeV

287114

0.51 s

10.02 MeV

279Ds0.18 s

SF(>90%)205 MeV

Reported at FLNR:Reported at FLNR:Oganessian et al. 2004Oganessian et al. 2004

291116

6.3 ms

10.7 MeV

283112

9.52 MeV

287114

279Ds: 0.072 s

SF94+51 MeV

283112

9.52 MeV

287114

279Ds: 0.072 s

SF94+51 MeV

283112

9.52 MeV

287114

279Ds: 0.088 s

SF112+n.d. MeV

283112

9.52 MeV

287114

279Ds: 0.088 s

SF112+n.d. MeV

283112

9.48 MeV

287114

279Ds: 0.536 s

SF127+105 MeV

283112

9.48 MeV

287114

279Ds: 0.536 s

SF127+105 MeV

283112

9.37 MeV

287114

279Ds: 0.592 s

SF108+123 MeV

283112

9.37 MeV

287114

279Ds: 0.592 s

SF108+123 MeV

283112

9.35 MeV

287114

279Ds: 0.773 s

SF85+12 MeV

283112

9.35 MeV

287114

279Ds: 0.773 s

SF85+12 MeV

The Observation Dubna2006/2007The Observation Dubna2006/2007

Eichler, R. et al. Nature (2007)

Exp

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Exp

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ent 1

12112

-24°C-24°C -5°C-5°C -26°C-26°C -44°C-44°C

on gold

-126°C-126°C

on ice

242Pu (48Ca, 3n) 287114

5 weeks: 6*1018 48Ca

ResultsResults SimulationExperiment

(-5°C)(-5°C)

(-26°C)(-26°C)(-44°C)(-44°C) (-127°C)(-127°C)

(-24°C)(-24°C)

gas flowgas flow

Exp

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h e

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Exp

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ents

wit

h e

lem

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12112

23

Тенденции изменения летучести элементов Тенденции изменения летучести элементов II II бб группы группы Периодической таблицы Д.И.МенделееваПериодической таблицы Д.И.Менделеева

∆H

суб

л.,

кДж

/мол

ь

∆H субл.

T к

ип.,

К

T кип.

4848Ca + Ca + 242242Pu Pu 4848Ca + Ca + 242242Pu Pu

283112

10.9 s

9.53 MeV

287114

10.04 MeV

279Ds0.24 s

SF

283112

4.0 s

9.54 MeV

287114

0.51 s

10.02 MeV

279Ds0.18 s

SF

ФизическийФизический экспериментэкспериментФизическийФизический экспериментэксперимент Химический экспериментХимический эксперимент

Тадс= -88 °C

4848Ca + Ca + 244244PuPu 4848Ca + Ca + 244244PuPu

288114

9.95 MeV

284112:109 ms

SF

284112101 ms

SF

288114

0.8 s

9.95 MeV

Тадс= -84 °C

ФизическийФизический экспериментэкспериментФизическийФизический экспериментэксперимент Химический экспериментХимический эксперимент

gold ice

Preliminary Results Preliminary Results Dubna 2007/2008Dubna 2007/2008

Exp

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Exp

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h e

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ent 1

14114

Tdep:-88°C

Tdep:-4°C-84°C

Tdep:-93°C

27

Result from the chemistry experiment Result from the chemistry experiment

with element with element 114114

Result from the chemistry experiment Result from the chemistry experiment

with element with element 114114

→ → Element Element 114114 exhibits a very weak interaction exhibits a very weak interaction with with AuAu - pointing to a physisorptive - pointing to a physisorptive interaction (similar to a noble gas). interaction (similar to a noble gas).

→→ A quantitative description of this behaviour is A quantitative description of this behaviour is lacking so far. lacking so far.

28

30

Synthesis of a new element with atomic number Z=117

Yu. Ts. Oganessian,1) F. Sh. Abdullin,1) P. D. Bailey,2) D. E. Benker,2) M. E. Bennett,3) S N. Dmitriev,1) J. G. Ezold,2) J. H. Hamilton,4) R. A. Henderson,5) M. G. Itkis,1) Yu. V. Lobanov,1) A. N. Mezentsev,1) K. J. Moody,5) S. L. Nelson,5) A.N. Polyakov,1) C. E. Porter,2) A. V. Ramayya,4) F. D. Riley,2) J. B. Roberto,2) M. A. Ryabinin,6) K. P. Rykaczewski,2) R. N. Sagaidak,1) D. A. Shaughnessy,5) I.V. Shirokovsky,1) M. A. Stoyer,5) V. G. Subbotin,1) R. Sudowe,3) A. M. Sukhov,1) Yu. S. Tsyganov,1) V. K. Utyonkov,1) A. A. Voinov,1) G. K. Vostokin,1) and P. A. Wilk5)

1 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, RU-141980 Dubna, RF2 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA3 University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA4 Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA5 Lawrence Livemore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA6 Research Institute of Atomic Reactors, RU-433510 Dimitrovgrad, RF (Dated: April 1, 2010)

The discovery of a new chemical element with atomic number Z=117 is reported. The isotopes 293117 and 294117 were produced in fusion reactions between 48Ca and 249Bk. Decay chains involving eleven new nuclei were identified by means of the Dubna Gas Filled Recoil Separator. The measured decay properties show a strong rise of stability for heavier isotopes with Z≥111, validating the concept of the long sought island of enhanced stability for super-heavy nuclei

31

Target (249 Bk; 0,5 mg/cm2)

SiO2- Ta800°C

(4(4))

He/Ar (70/30)

CHEMISTRY OF THE CHEMISTRY OF THE 113113 ELEMENTELEMENTCHEMISTRY OF THE CHEMISTRY OF THE 113113 ELEMENTELEMENT

Au - 113Au - 11316 pairs

2.5m

1 L/min

32

Capillary length from target chamber to detector system is 2.5 mCapillary length from target chamber to detector system is 2.5 m

33

16 pairs of gold covered detectors16 pairs of gold covered detectors

34

4848Ca + Ca + 249249BkBk

Target 249Bk (0.5 mg∙cm-2)

natNd (30 μg∙cm-2)

48Ca Emid. target = 252 MeVI ~ 9 eμA

Irradiation: - 18.04.2010 – 31.05.2010;

target I - 3.5 1018 ; target II - 5.6 1018

9.1∙1018

35

Hg-185 DISTRIBUTIONHg-185 DISTRIBUTIONHg-185 DISTRIBUTIONHg-185 DISTRIBUTION

36

Alpha and SF spectraAlpha and SF spectraAlpha and SF spectraAlpha and SF spectra

37DGFRSDGFRS

Chemistry of the Element 113Chemistry of the Element 113Chemistry of the Element 113Chemistry of the Element 113

115115228888

113113282844

9.9.7575 MeV MeV33..66 ss

MtMt272766

RgRg282800

9.9.7171 MeV MeV00..7272 ss

BhBh272722

SFSF

TKE = 205(5) MeVTKE = 205(5) MeV16 h16 h

99..0202 MeV MeV99.8 .8 ss

DbDb226868

243243Am + Am + 4848CaCa3n3n

1010..000 MeV0 MeV0.48 s

αα22

αα44

αα33

αα55

αα11

1010..4646 MeV MeV87 ms

115115228899

10.31(9) MeV10.48 MeV

αα22

113113282855

αα33

SFSF

TKE = 218(5)TKE = 218(5) MeV MeV3838 ss

RgRg228181

9.9.74(8)74(8) MeV MeV9.48(11) MeV9.48(11) MeV

9.96 MeV9.96 MeV

117117292933

11.03(8) MeV11.26 MeV

αα11

7.9 s7.9 s1.2 s1.2 s

0.32 s0.32 s0.22 s0.22 s

21 ms21 ms10 ms10 ms

117117292977

115115290290

9.95(40) MeV10.23 MeV

αα22

113113286286

99..00(10)00(10) MeV MeV9.43 MeV9.43 MeV

MtMt278278

αα44

RgRg282282

αα33

9.59.55(19)5(19) MeV MeV9.9.1414 MeV MeV

BhBh274274

αα55

SFSF

TKE = 219(5)TKE = 219(5) MeV MeV3333..44 hh

αα668.8.80(10)80(10) MeV MeV

8.43 MeV8.43 MeV

DbDb270270

9.69.63(10)3(10) MeV MeV9.56 MeV9.56 MeV

117117294294

10.81(10) MeV11.00 MeV

αα11

1.3 min1.3 min7.4 min7.4 min

11.0 s11.0 s13 s13 s

0.74 s0.74 s8.1 s8.1 s

28.3 s28.3 s16 s16 s

0.023 s0.023 s1.0 s1.0 s

112 ms112 ms45 ms45 ms

117117292977249249Bk + Bk + 4848CaCa

38

DGFRSDGFRS 16 16 MayMay 2010 02:29:54 2010 02:29:54

Bk-target IIBk-target II

115115290290

αα22

113113286286

9.9.0101 MeV MeV1.85min1.85min

MtMt278278

αα44

RgRg282282

αα33

BhBh274274

αα55

СДСД

98.6 + 88.5 MeV98.6 + 88.5 MeV64.664.611 hh

αα668.648.64 MeV MeV<<1.1.4242 minmin

DbDb270270

249249Bk + Bk + 4848CaCa 3n3n

117117294294

αα11

Bot. Bot. 44

TopTop 4 4

115115290290

9.95(40) MeV10.23 MeV

αα22

113113286286

99..00(10)00(10) MeV MeV9.43 MeV9.43 MeV

MtMt278278

αα44

RgRg282282

αα33

9.59.55(19)5(19) MeV MeV9.9.1414 MeV MeV

BhBh274274

αα55

SFSF

TKE = 219(5)TKE = 219(5) MeV MeV3333..44 hh

αα668.8.80(10)80(10) MeV MeV

8.43 MeV8.43 MeV

DbDb270270

9.69.63(10)3(10) MeV MeV9.56 MeV9.56 MeV

117117294294

10.81(10) MeV11.00 MeV

αα11

1.3 min1.3 min7.4 min7.4 min

11.0 s11.0 s13 s13 s

0.74 s0.74 s8.1 s8.1 s

28.3 s28.3 s16 s16 s

0.023 s0.023 s1.0 s1.0 s

112 ms112 ms45 ms45 ms

117117292977

E* = 35 MeVE* = 35 MeV

1 event1 event

Top 4Top 4

9.61 MeV9.61 MeV

Preliminary Results Preliminary Results Dubna 2008Dubna 2008

Preliminary Results Preliminary Results Dubna 2008Dubna 2008

244Pu (48Ca, 3-4n) 288-289114

Exp

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14114 D

GF

RS

COLD

D

Q1

Q2

10°C -160°C

400g/cm2

244Pu

ttrans~1.4 s

Gas flow:Ar 2.1 l/min

Recoil ranges tested with: 206Rn, 185Hg, 254No Reliable design:3 m Mylar, 1.5 cm Ar (1 bar)

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

1

10

100

#/ 2

0 k

eV

E, MeV

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

#/2

0ke

V

E, MeV

Preliminary Results Preliminary Results Dubna 2007/2008Dubna 2007/2008

Factor ~2-3 loss in overall efficiency: thin targets (2-3) transmission separator (3) higher beam doses (1.5) shorter transport time (2)

No preseparation DGFRS preseparation

Chemistry behind the gas-filled separator

DGFRSDGFRS 04 04 MayMay 2010 10:05:46 2010 10:05:46 16 16 MayMay 2010 02:29:54 2010 02:29:54 Bk-target I Bk-target I Bk-target II Bk-target II

115115290290

αα22

113113282866

8.89 8.89 MeVMeV

64.90 64.90 ssMtMt278278

αα44RgRg

282282

αα33

9.52 9.52 MeVMeV6.49 6.49 ssBhBh

274274

αα55

SFSF101.0 + 89.1 MeV101.0 + 89.1 MeV

79.25 79.25 hh

αα668.77 MeV8.77 MeV13.59 13.59 minmin

DbDb270270

249249Bk + Bk + 4848CaCa 3n3n

9.62 9.62 MeVMeV

117117294294

αα11

Bot. 8Bot. 8

Bot. 8Bot. 8

Bot. 8Bot. 8

Bot. 8Bot. 8

115115290290

9.95(40) MeV10.23 MeV

αα22

113113286286

99..00(10)00(10) MeV MeV9.43 MeV9.43 MeV

MtMt278278

αα44

RgRg282282

αα33

9.59.55(19)5(19) MeV MeV9.9.1414 MeV MeV

BhBh274274

αα55

SFSF

TKE = 219(5)TKE = 219(5) MeV MeV3333..44 hh

αα668.8.80(10)80(10) MeV MeV

8.43 MeV8.43 MeV

DbDb270270

9.69.63(10)3(10) MeV MeV9.56 MeV9.56 MeV

117117294294

10.81(10) MeV11.00 MeV

αα11

1.3 min1.3 min7.4 min7.4 min

11.0 s11.0 s13 s13 s

0.74 s0.74 s8.1 s8.1 s

28.3 s28.3 s16 s16 s

0.023 s0.023 s1.0 s1.0 s

112 ms112 ms45 ms45 ms

117117292977

E* = 35 MeVE* = 35 MeV

1 event1 event

115115290290

αα22

113113286286

9.9.0101 MeVMeV

1.85min1.85minMtMt278278

αα44RgRg

282282

αα33

BhBh274274

αα55

SFSF98.6 + 88.5 MeV98.6 + 88.5 MeV

64.664.611 hh

αα668.648.64 MeV MeV<<1.1.4242 minmin

DbDb270270

249249Bk + Bk + 4848CaCa 3n3n117117

294294

αα11

Bot. Bot. 44

TopTop 4 4

21.04.23 108 session of JINR SC 42

prel

imin

ary

Mass-spectrometer MASHA at the beam line of the Mass-spectrometer MASHA at the beam line of the cyclotron U-400Mcyclotron U-400M

STATUS of the MASS-SPECTROMETERSTATUS of the MASS-SPECTROMETERSTATUS of the MASS-SPECTROMETERSTATUS of the MASS-SPECTROMETER

Heavy ionbeam

Target

Hot catcher(graphite)

1TO

12, 114 ECR

Heater

Separating foil

FIRST EXPERIMENTSFIRST EXPERIMENTS

• Mass identification ofMass identification of 112 и 114 112 и 114 elements synthesizedelements synthesized at the reactionsat the reactions

242242Pu(Pu(4848Ca,3n)Ca,3n)287287114(0.5 s) –> 114(0.5 s) –> 283283112(4 s)112(4 s)

• Mass Mass identification identification ofof 11 1133 elements synthesizedelements synthesized at the at the reactionreaction

224343Am(Am(4848Ca,3n)Ca,3n)288288115 (0.1 s) 115 (0.1 s) →→284284113 (0.5 s)113 (0.5 s)

FIRST EXPERIMENTSFIRST EXPERIMENTS

• Mass identification ofMass identification of 112 и 114 112 и 114 elements synthesizedelements synthesized at the reactionsat the reactions

242242Pu(Pu(4848Ca,3n)Ca,3n)287287114(0.5 s) –> 114(0.5 s) –> 283283112(4 s)112(4 s)

• Mass Mass identification identification ofof 11 1133 elements synthesizedelements synthesized at the at the reactionreaction

224343Am(Am(4848Ca,3n)Ca,3n)288288115 (0.1 s) 115 (0.1 s) →→284284113 (0.5 s)113 (0.5 s)

NEW EXPERIMENTAL HALL

SEARCH of SUPERHEAVY ELEMENTS SEARCH of SUPERHEAVY ELEMENTS in NATUREin NATURE

Z=114 N=184Z=114 N=184 TT1/21/2 101099 y y

110-115 (eka Pt – eka Bi)110-115 (eka Pt – eka Bi)

Theoretical prediction of chemical propertiesTheoretical prediction of chemical properties Search of SHE in NatureSearch of SHE in Nature

Theoretical prediction of chemical propertiesTheoretical prediction of chemical properties Search of SHE in NatureSearch of SHE in Nature

Geological samples (high concentration Geological samples (high concentration of possible homologues)of possible homologues) Meteorites (Allende, Efremovka)Meteorites (Allende, Efremovka) Thermal Waters (hot brines, rift zone)Thermal Waters (hot brines, rift zone)

Neutron multiplicaties

Solid-State DetectorsSolid-State Detectors Big Proportional CountersBig Proportional Counters

•33He-filled He-filled counterscounters• Liquid Liquid scintillatorsscintillators

Spontaneous fission fragments

T1/2109 10-13 – 10-14 g/g

150 160 170 180 190140

15

20

10

-5

-10

118

112

114

110

108

- распад

Возраст Земли

15

20

5

1 s0

116

116

118

112

114

114

110

110

108

108

Число нейтронов

Log

T (

секу

нды

)

Поиски СТЭ в природе

Теория и эксперимент

108 y

105 y

1 y

Поиск СТЭ в космическихлучах

Cold fusion

Act,+48Ca

48

1 SF1 SF –– события в год события в год (T (T1/21/2=10=1099y)y)

соответствующийсоответствующий::

108/Os = 5.10108/Os = 5.10-15-15гг//гг ии

108/Os = 5.10108/Os = 5.10-19-19гг//гг

припри TT1/21/2≤≤101055yy

Xe – 140 Xe – 140 г – 1г – 1 SF SF в месяц в месяц

Fréjus peakFréjus peak

ModaneModane

Вход в тоннельВход в тоннель

Франция

ИталияИталия

ПОИСК СТЭПОИСК СТЭ

БЛАГОДАРЮ ЗА ВНИМАНИЕБЛАГОДАРЮ ЗА ВНИМАНИЕ!!БЛАГОДАРЮ ЗА ВНИМАНИЕБЛАГОДАРЮ ЗА ВНИМАНИЕ!!