Οδηγός Επιχειρήν για τις ΗΠΑ (2015)
TRANSCRIPT
-
,
,
http://www.business.gov/,
,
doing business in the USA,
.
, ,
(Start a Business, Register a Business, Business Types & Industries),
( , ,
/),
(State
& Local).
counties ().
1.
i. ? /
http://www.fda.gov/Food/InternationalActivities/Imports/default.htm,
:
Import Program
Prior Notice of Imported Foods
Food Facility Registration
Acidified & Low-Acid Canned Foods
Food Safety
http://www.business.gov/http://www.fda.gov/Food/InternationalActivities/Imports/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/ImportProgram/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/PriorNoticeofImportedFoods/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodDefense/Bioterrorism/FoodFacilityRegistration/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/Product-SpecificInformation/AcidifiedLow-AcidCannedFoods/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/default.htm
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Chapter 5 - Food, Colors, and Cosmetics, subchapter 510
, ,
/ .
FDA (,
),
(ingredients) (nutrition facts), Prior Notice of
Imported Foods .
ii. ? () ,
FDA
.
iii. ? FDA
, ' Bioterrorism Act
/ . : 1)
Registration of Food/Feed Facilities, 2) Prior Notice of Imported Food Shipments, 3)
Administrative Detention and Maintenance, 4) Inspection of Records.
FDA,
. .
www.fda.gov/oc/bioterrorism/bioact.html.
(Food Facility Registration)
iv. / (Food Facility Registration)? 2002, ,
, (Food Facility Registration)
,
FDA.
v. ?
http://www.fda.gov/ICECI/ComplianceManuals/CompliancePolicyGuidanceManual/ucm119194.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/oc/bioterrorism/bioact.html
-
,
FDA,
. .
, Food Facility Registration Form No 3537,
www.access.fda.gov.
vi. ? . (
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FSMA - . 102)
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vii. ? , , ,
,
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athttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofF
oodFacilities/default.htm.
(..
).
, FDA 3537 (
:
athttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofF
oodFacilities/ucm073728.htm.)
() (+1) 301-436-
2804 :
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Food Facility Registration (HFS-681)
5100 Paint Branch Pkwy
College Park, MD 20740.
http://www.access.fda.gov/http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofFoodFacilities/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofFoodFacilities/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofFoodFacilities/ucm073728.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofFoodFacilities/ucm073728.htm
-
, FDA
CD-ROM. :
athttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofF
oodFacilities/ucm073728.htm#cd.
viii. FDA ? . , (. ).
, FDA
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4 2016. , FDA
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xi. /?
FDA
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CD-ROM, FDA
.
xii. ?
http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofFoodFacilities/ucm073728.htm#cdhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofFoodFacilities/ucm073728.htm#cd
-
/ FDA. ,
FDA .
Agents/Brokers
xiii. / / brokers.
broker agent ?
. FDA [21 CFR 1.227(b)(13)(iii) and Comment 86 in the preamble
to the Interim Final Rule], agent
/ . ,
brokers .
xiv. agent / ?
agent
/ [21 CFR 1.227(b)].
xv. agent ? . agent .
(
), (agent),
60 [21 CFR 1.234(a)].
:
http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofFoo
dFacilities/default.htm.
, ,
.
xvi. (.. FDA, )?
http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofFoodFacilities/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/RegistrationofFoodFacilities/default.htm
-
FDA, ,
.
. ,
,
.
, FDA
/
.
xvii. ?
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FDA /
60 (21 CFR 1.234).
xviii.
?
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,
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/.
/
xix. / ?
(country of origin label) - FDA
"misbranding" ( ).
-
xx. ?
(www.fda.gov)
.
xxi. ?
,
FDA. H :
(Statement of product - Identity),
.
,
.1
1,6mm.
,
.
Warning Statement:
,
, , ,
.
(nutrition
facts).
0,5 .
(trans-fats), .
, : Trans-fats zero (not
a significant source of trans-fats).
1 , . National Bureau of Standards (NBS): Office of Weights and Measures/Metric Program, National Institute of Standards and Technology (address: 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 2000, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-2000, tel: +1 (301) 975-3690, fax: +1 (301) 948 1416, Email: [email protected], URL: http://www.nist.gov/metric)
http://www.fda.gov/mailto:[email protected]://www.nist.gov/metric
-
xxii. ? , . http://www.fda.gov/Food/LabelingNutrition/default.htm, Labeling
& Nutrition - Food Labeling and Nutrition Overview
http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocume
nts/FoodLabelingNutrition/FoodLabelingGuide/default.htm, Guidance for Industry: A
Food Labeling Guide,
http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocume
nts/FoodLabelingNutrition/FoodLabelingGuide/ucm064904.htm,
(.., Bulk Containers,
http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocume
nts/FoodLabelingNutrition/FoodLabelingGuide/ucm064904.htm#exbulk
xxiii. ?
,
(eligible),
.
,
APHIS (.
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/permits/). ,
APHIS .
, . http://www.aphis.usda.gov/regulations/vs/iregs/animals/
(Regulations and Assessments, International Animal Export Regulations)
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/regulations/vs/iregs/products/ (Regulations and Assessments,
International Animal Products Export Regulations).
(Food Safety & Inspection Service,
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/)
(
http://www.fda.gov/Food/LabelingNutrition/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocuments/FoodLabelingNutrition/FoodLabelingGuide/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocuments/FoodLabelingNutrition/FoodLabelingGuide/default.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocuments/FoodLabelingNutrition/FoodLabelingGuide/ucm064904.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocuments/FoodLabelingNutrition/FoodLabelingGuide/ucm064904.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocuments/FoodLabelingNutrition/FoodLabelingGuide/ucm064904.htm#exbulkhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocuments/FoodLabelingNutrition/FoodLabelingGuide/ucm064904.htm#exbulkhttp://www.aphis.usda.gov/permits/http://www.aphis.usda.gov/regulations/vs/iregs/animals/http://www.aphis.usda.gov/regulations/vs/iregs/products/http://www.fsis.usda.gov/
-
& (contact person: . , .: 210 212 5755,
: 210 8229188, e-mail: [email protected]).
xxiv. ? ,
:
[ ]
,
[
].
xxv. / ? Agricultural Marketing Service
(U.S. Department of Agriculture/USDA)
(National Organic Program/NOP).
.
.
(. . , 4.3 - -
)
xxvi. FDA
? , FDA
.
xxvii. o USDA,
FDA?
, USDA
FDA. ,
,
mailto:[email protected]://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/nop
-
USDA
FDA /. . : Labeling Packaged Products under the National Organic Standards.
i. ?
(.. , ,
),
(Harmonized Tariff Schedule/HTS classification
number). HTS . http://www.cbp.gov/trade/trade-
community/duty-tariff-rates/determining-duty-rates
ii. ?
, . .
( .
- Special Requirements "Importing Into the U.S."
http://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Importing%20into%20the%20U.S.pdf
iii. ( Harmonized Tariff System-HTS)?
,
(. http://www.usitc.gov/tata/hts/bychapter/index.htm, Harmonized
Tariff Schedule of the United States, 1/1/2014).
iv. HTS ? / HTS, .
Harmonized Tariff Schedule Codes Flagged with Prior Notice Indicators
http://www.cbp.gov/trade/trade-community/duty-tariff-rates/determining-duty-rateshttp://www.cbp.gov/trade/trade-community/duty-tariff-rates/determining-duty-rateshttp://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Importing%20into%20the%20U.S.pdfhttp://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Importing%20into%20the%20U.S.pdfhttp://www.usitc.gov/tata/hts/bychapter/index.htmhttp://www.usitc.gov/tata/hts/bychapter/index.htmhttp://www.usitc.gov/tata/hts/bychapter/index.htm
-
http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/GuidanceDocumentsRegulatoryInformati
on/ImportsExports/ucm170031.htm
v. ?
, . Interactive Tariff and Trade Data Web
US International Trade Commission, .
www.dataweb.usitc.gov ( ).
HTS ( )
( ),
:
) (. MFA),
) (
),
) ,
) .
,
. ,
www.customs.ustreas.gov/impoexpo/impoexpo.htm.
vi. , ?
,
(U.S. Customs and Border Protection- CBP)
. CBP
Consolidated Omnibus Budget
Reconciliation Act (COBRA).
, ,
(Federal Excise Tax).
(IRS) CBP
IRS.
http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/GuidanceDocumentsRegulatoryInformation/ImportsExports/ucm170031.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/GuidanceDocumentsRegulatoryInformation/ImportsExports/ucm170031.htmhttp://www.dataweb.usitc.gov/http://www.customs.ustreas.gov/impoexpo/impoexpo.htmhttp://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d099:HR03128:@@@D&summ2=m&|TOM:/bss/d099query.htmlhttp://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d099:HR03128:@@@D&summ2=m&|TOM:/bss/d099query.html
-
,
/ ( )
.
vii. e-shop , (
),
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.
( , ,
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(U.S. Customs and
Border Protection International Mail Branches) .
2.000
,
CBP
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200 .
. , CBP
(
, -.. ). ,
CBP
(), .
,
CN 22 CN 23 (U.S. Customs and Border Protection
Declaration Form) /.
2.000 .,
.
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courier, express, :
/ customs brokers,
.
, / .
,
. http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/trade/basic_trade/internet_purchases.xml.
, , .
http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/travel/vacation/kbyg/prohibited_restricted.xml.
http://export.gov/sellingonline/ (
)
http://business.ftc.gov/documents/alt067-electronic-commerce-selling-internationally-
guide-businesses ( 28 , ,
e-commerce).
i. ? (U.S. Customs and Border
Protection/CBP) ,
,
/ (. Importing Into the U.S.2).
,
.
, CBP ,
: (IRS business
registration number), (social security number)
IRS .
, (CBP Form 5106)
(CBP assigned
2 http://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Importing%20into%20the%20U.S.pdf
http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/trade/basic_trade/internet_purchases.xmlhttp://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/travel/vacation/kbyg/prohibited_restricted.xmlhttp://export.gov/sellingonline/http://business.ftc.gov/documents/alt067-electronic-commerce-selling-internationally-guide-businesseshttp://business.ftc.gov/documents/alt067-electronic-commerce-selling-internationally-guide-businesseshttp://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Importing%20into%20the%20U.S.pdfhttp://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Importing%20into%20the%20U.S.pdf
-
number) (Entry Branch at a CBP port of
entry).
12
.
,
.
.
,
.
.
(
29 & 30 Importing Into the U.S.3
).
, , , ,
, .. ( 33, 34 & 35
Importing Into the U.S.4).
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, ., .
.
CBP (packing
standards).
3 .. 4 ..
http://www.cbp.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Importing%20into%20the%20U.S.pdf
-
. .
Automated
Manifest System (AMS).
,
Automated Broker
Interface (ABI).
2. i)
(.. , , ).
: Partnerships, General Partnerships GP, Limited Partnerships
LP, Limited Liability Partnerships LLP, Business Corporations Inc., Corp., Ltd.,
Co., Closely Held Corporations C Corporation, S Corporation, Limited Liability
Companies LLC, ii) (, ). ,
,
. ,
48 . .
,
(. http://www.sba.gov/content/search-business-licenses-
and-permits).
:
www.business.gov/states, (hyperlink)
,
Doing Business In.... 50 .
www.sba.gov, US Small Business Administration
, (branch) .
(
http://www.sba.gov/content/search-business-licenses-and-permitshttp://www.sba.gov/content/search-business-licenses-and-permitshttp://www.business.gov/stateshttp://www.sba.gov/
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3. / Trademarks
, 1995
(TRIP'S)
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TRIP'S .
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(secondary meaning)
(acquired distinctiveness).
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, . United States Patent and
Trademark Office/USPTO, www.uspto.gov.
.
http://www.uspto.gov/
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,
. GIs,
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. , GIs
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,
.
,
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GIs.
OriGIn,
GIs ( 150 40 ,
Organization for an International Geographical Indications Network, http://www.origin-
gi.com/) American Origin Products (AOPs): Protecting a Legacy ( 2010,
http://www.aop-
us.org/uploads/2/1/2/5/21255810/american_origin_products_protecting_a_legacy_final_2
3_02.pdf).
, (terroir).
case studies: Idaho Potatoes, Kona Coffee
(Hawaii), Missouri Northern Pecans, Napa Valley Wines.
AOP
GIs,
USPTO. ,
GIs ,
- .
http://www.origin-gi.com/http://www.origin-gi.com/http://www.origin-gi.com/http://foodandgeography.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/american-origin-products.pdfhttp://www.aop-us.org/uploads/2/1/2/5/21255810/american_origin_products_protecting_a_legacy_final_23_02.pdfhttp://www.aop-us.org/uploads/2/1/2/5/21255810/american_origin_products_protecting_a_legacy_final_23_02.pdfhttp://www.aop-us.org/uploads/2/1/2/5/21255810/american_origin_products_protecting_a_legacy_final_23_02.pdf
-
GIs
TTIP.
-
...
(trademarks)
, -
, :
-
-
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(1946) ,
,
.
(United States Patent and Trademark
USPTO).
generic. generic
/,
. generic
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. (Certification Marks)
. (Collective marks)
. (Trade marks)
...,
(..)
(Trademarks) (Collective marks)
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: i)
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Roquefort,
Roquefort,
Roquefort.
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USPTO , ,
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COGNAC brandy
Cognac ,
brandy .
,
( ):
Arent Fox LLP 1050 Connecticut Avenue,
NW Washington, DC 20036-5339 .: +1 202 857 6000 : +1 202 857 6395 http://www.arentfox.com Day Pitney LLP 1100 New York Avenue, NW,
Suite 300 Washington, DC 20005 .: +1 202 218 3900 : +1 202 218 3910 www.daypitney.com EMP&A/ Erik M. Pelton &
Associates, PLLC .: +1 703 525 8009 : +1 703 997 5349 www.erikpelton.com Contact person: Erik Pelton
([email protected]) Finnegan Washington, D.C. 901 New York Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20001-4413
.: +1 202 408 4000 : +1 202 408 4400 Email: [email protected] http://www.finnegan.com Foley & Lardner LLP 3000 K Street, N.W., Suite
600 Washington, DC 20007-5109 .: +1 202 672 5300 : +1 202 672 5399 http://www.foley.com Frommer Lawrence & Haug
LLP 1667 K Street, NW,
Washington, DC 20006 .: +1 202 292 1530 : +1 202 292 1531 http://www.flhlaw.com Greenberg & Lieberman 2141 Wisconsin Ave. NW,
Suite C-2 Washington, DC 20007 USA .: (202) 625-7000 Toll Free: +1 888 275 2757
http://www.arentfox.com/http://pview.findlaw.com/view/3275227_1http://www.daypitney.com/http://www.erikpelton.com/javascript:SendMail('info','finnegan.com');http://www.finnegan.com/http://www.foley.com/http://pview.findlaw.com/view/1101897_1http://pview.findlaw.com/view/1101897_1http://www.flhlaw.com/
-
: +1 202 625 7001 Email:
[email protected] http://www.aplegal.com Hogan Lovells US LLP Columbia Square, 555 13
Str., NW
th
Washington DC 20004 .: +1 202 637 5600 : +1 202 637 5910 www.hoganlovells.com McNeely, Hare & War LLP 5335 Wisconsin Ave, NW, Suite 440 Washington, D.C. 20015 U.S.A. .: +1 202 274 0214 : +1 202 478 1813 Email: [email protected] http://www.patentek.com Staas & Halsey LLP 1201 New York Avenue, N.W., 7th Floor Washington, D.C. 20005 .: +1 202 434 1500 : +1 202 434 1501 http://www.staasandhalsey.co
m/ Contact person: William
Herbert ([email protected]) Sterne, Kessler, Goldstein &
Fox. 1100 New York Avenue Washington, DC 20005 .: +1 202 371 2600
: +1 202 371 2540 http://www.skgf.com Traverse Legal Attorneys & Advisors Lexington Park, Maryland Office: 22776 Three Notch Rd, Suite 201 Lexington Park, MD 20653 .: +1 866 936 7447
http://www.traverselegal.com Venable LLP 575 7th Street, NW,
Washington, DC 20004 .: +1 202 344 4969 : +1 202 344 8300 www.Venable.com Contact person: Marcia A.
Auberger, Esq. ([email protected])
Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP
1875 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20006 .: +1 202 663 6000 : +1 202 663 6363 http://www.wilmerhale.com/
mailto:[email protected]://www.aplegal.com/http://www.hoganlovells.com/mailto:[email protected]://www.patentek.com/http://www.staasandhalsey.com/http://www.staasandhalsey.com/mailto:[email protected]://www.skgf.com/http://www.traverselegal.com/http://www.venable.com/mailto:[email protected]://pview.findlaw.com/view/3235073_1http://pview.findlaw.com/view/3235073_1http://www.wilmerhale.com/
-
4. . VCs, -
( ) , :
i. ,
ii. (
VC Fund, )
/
iii. , ,
,
.,
iv. ,
( doing-business, ,
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, , , , . , .
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project.
,
, .
funds,
( , Venture Capital, Private
Equity/Investment Funds ,
),
project,
(business plan) ,
, (target market),
-
/ (exit
strategy) .
. ,
:
National Venture Capital Association (NVCA), DC (Arlington, VA
) http://www.nvca.org/
National Association of Seed and Venture Funds (NASVF),
http://www.nasvf.org/ ( Philadelphia, PA)
Angel Capital Association (ACA) http://www.angelcapitalassociation.org/ (
Overland Park, Kansas)
Angel Research Institute (ARI affiliated with ACA)
http://www.angelcapitaleducation.org/
/ ,
Mid Atlantic Venture Association (http://www.mava.org/, McLean, VA), New
England Venture Capital Association (http://www.newenglandvc.org/), Los Angeles
Venture Association (http://www.lava.org) ...
. ,
. http://selectusa.commerce.gov.
5. , ,
(
/ ),
.
:
--Acquisition Central www.acquisition.gov,
www.acquisition.gov/sellers_bus_dev.asp sellers/business opportunities
( )
--US General Services Administration www.gsa.gov
http://www.nvca.org/http://www.nasvf.org/http://www.angelcapitalassociation.org/http://www.angelcapitaleducation.org/http://www.mava.org/http://www.newenglandvc.org/http://www.lava.org/http://selectusa.commerce.gov/http://www.acquisition.gov/http://www.acquisition.gov/sellers_bus_dev.asphttp://www.gsa.gov/
-
--US Small Business Administration (www.sba.gov),
http://www.sba.gov/category/navigation-structure/contracting/contracting-opportunities
(contracting opportunities)
6.
.
:
. USITC http://dataweb.usitc.gov (
- ).
HTS SITC,
, .
. Trade Statistics Express
(Office of Trade and Industry Information)
http://tse.export.gov, ).
HS SITC, , ...
.
. Current Industrial Report Series, www.sta-usa.gov.
7. , .
:
) Trade Shows USA, www.tradeshowsusa.com
) The Ultimate Trade Show Directory, www.tsnn.com,
) Trade Shows Worldwide, http://www.eventseye.com/
) Upcoming Tradeshows, Expos, Conferences, Seminars e.t.c., www.tscentral.com
http://www.sba.gov/http://www.sba.gov/category/navigation-structure/contracting/contracting-opportunitieshttp://dataweb.usitc.gov/http://tse.export.gov/http://www.sta-usa.gov/http://www.tradeshowsusa.com/http://www.tsnn.com/http://www.eventseye.com/http://www.tscentral.com/
1.
, (. http://www.usitc.gov/tata/hts/bychapter/index.htm, Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, 1/1/2014).2. 3. / TrademarksContact person: Erik Pelton ([email protected])Email: [email protected]
Traverse LegalLexington Park, Maryland Office: 22776 Three Notch Rd, Suite 201Lexington Park, MD 20653.: +1 866 936 7447Venable LLPWilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLPWashington,DC20006.:+1 202 663 6000:+1 202 663 6363
4. 5. 6. 7.