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2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.1 Technology In Action Slide 2 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.2 Chapter 2 Looking at Computers: Understanding the Parts Slide 3 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.3 Topics Hardware componentsHardware components Input devicesInput devices Output devicesOutput devices System unitSystem unit ErgonomicsErgonomics Slide 4 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.4 Hardware System UnitSystem Unit Peripheral DevicesPeripheral Devices System Unit Peripheral Devices Slide 5 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.5 Input Devices Devices used to enter information or instructions into the computerDevices used to enter information or instructions into the computer Keyboard Mouse / pointing device Microphone Scanner Digital camera Slide 6 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.6 Keyboard The QWERTY keyboard with enhanced features is standard with most modern personal computersThe QWERTY keyboard with enhanced features is standard with most modern personal computers Slide 7 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.7 Dvorak Keyboard Puts the most commonly used keys at home keysPuts the most commonly used keys at home keys Reduces distance of finger stretchesReduces distance of finger stretches Slide 8 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.8 Specialty Keyboards LaptopsLaptops PDAsPDAs WirelessWireless ErgonomicErgonomic Laptop Ergonomic PDA Slide 9 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.9 Mouse Roller ball mouseRoller ball mouse Less expensive Harder to keep clean TrackballTrackball Harder to control Stationary on desk Optical mouseOptical mouse Needs no mouse pad Doesnt need cleaning More expensive Wireless Optical Trackball Standard Slide 10 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.10 Other Input Devices ScannersScanners Text Images Digital camerasDigital cameras Images Video Flatbed Handheld Camera Camcorder Slide 11 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.11 Inputting Sound Microphone InputMicrophone Input Teleconferencing Voice over Internet Voice Recognition Microsoft Voice Recognition Slide 12 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.12 Output Devices Retrieving information from the computerRetrieving information from the computer Output devicesOutput devices Softcopy (video, sounds, control signals) Hardcopy (print) Slide 13 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.13 Monitor Types CRT Cathode Ray TubeCRT Cathode Ray Tube Less Expensive Use much more space Uses more energy Better viewing angles LCD Liquid Crystal Display More expensive Uses far less space More energy efficient Less viewable from an angle Slide 14 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.14 CRT Monitors Uses picture tube technologyUses picture tube technology Screen size Diagonal measurement of the screen (15, 17, 19, 21)Screen size Diagonal measurement of the screen (15, 17, 19, 21) Resolution Sharpness of the image determined by the number pixels that the screen can display (800 x 600, 1024 x 768, 1600 x 1200)Resolution Sharpness of the image determined by the number pixels that the screen can display (800 x 600, 1024 x 768, 1600 x 1200) Refresh rate Speed at which the screen is refreshed (60Hz, 75Hz) Faster rate equals less flicker.Refresh rate Speed at which the screen is refreshed (60Hz, 75Hz) Faster rate equals less flicker. Slide 15 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.15 Liquid Crystal Display Liquid crystal sandwiched between two transparent layers form imagesLiquid crystal sandwiched between two transparent layers form images Used for notebook computers, PDAs, cellular phones, and personal computersUsed for notebook computers, PDAs, cellular phones, and personal computers Polarizer Color filter Color filter glass Glass polarizer Backlight Liquid Crystal Slide 16 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.16 Dot-matrix Printers Inkjet Multifunction Laser Plotter Thermal printer Impact printersImpact printers Dot-matrix Non-impact printersNon-impact printers Inkjet Laser Multifunction Specialty printersSpecialty printers Plotters Thermal printers Slide 17 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.17 Non-impact Printers Ink JetInk Jet Less expensive device Full color printing Slower in pages per minute (PPM) More expensive per page in B&W Laser More expensive device Black and White (Color lasers are very expensive) Faster in PPM Less expensive in B&W Slide 18 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.18 Outputting Sound Speakers and HeadphonesSpeakers and Headphones Slide 19 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.19 The System Unit : Box that contains the central electronic components of the computer: CPU/RAM/ motherboard Expansion cards Power supply Storage devices Slide 20 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.20 The Front Panel Drive BaysDrive Bays Memory card readerMemory card reader Floppy DriveFloppy Drive Productivity PortsProductivity Ports Power ButtonPower Button Slide 21 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.21 The Back Ports for peripheral devicesPorts for peripheral devices Types of ports:Types of ports: Serial Parallel VGA USB Connectivity Slide 22 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.22 Inside the System Unit Essential electronic components used to process dataEssential electronic components used to process data Types of components:Types of components: Power supply Hard disk drive Motherboard CPU Expansion cards Slide 23 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.23 The Motherboard CPUCPU RAMRAM Expansion CardsExpansion Cards Chip SetChip Set Built-in componentsBuilt-in components Slide 24 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.24 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Referred to as the brains of the computerReferred to as the brains of the computer Controls all functions of the computerControls all functions of the computer Processes all commands and instructionsProcesses all commands and instructions Can perform billions of tasks per secondCan perform billions of tasks per second Slide 25 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.25 Memory Module Random access memory (RAM)Random access memory (RAM) Primary storagePrimary storage Stores instructions and dataStores instructions and data Temporary (volatile) storageTemporary (volatile) storage Operates in nanosecondsOperates in nanoseconds Slide 26 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.26 Expansion Cards Adds functionsAdds functions Provides new connections for peripheral devicesProvides new connections for peripheral devices Common types:Common types: Sound Modem Video (VGA) Network (NIC) Slide 27 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.27 Hard Disk Drive Stores data and program instructionsStores data and program instructions Permanent (nonvolatile) storagePermanent (nonvolatile) storage Storage capacities up to 250 GB and higherStorage capacities up to 250 GB and higher Transfers data in millisecondsTransfers data in milliseconds Slide 28 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.28 Setting it all up: Ergonomics Ergonomics refers to minimizing injury or discomfort while using the computerErgonomics refers to minimizing injury or discomfort while using the computer Steps to follow:Steps to follow: Position monitor correctly Use adjustable chair Assume proper position while typing Take breaks Ensure adequate lighting Slide 29 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.29 Chapter 2 Summary Questions What devices do you use to get data into the computer?What devices do you use to get data into the computer? Slide 30 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.30 Chapter 2 Summary Questions What devices enable us to see or hear the processed information?What devices enable us to see or hear the processed information? Slide 31 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.31 Chapter 2 Summary Questions Whats on the front of your system unit?Whats on the front of your system unit? Slide 32 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.32 Chapter 2 Summary Questions Whats on the back of your system unit?Whats on the back of your system unit? Slide 33 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.33 Chapter 2 Summary Questions Whats inside your system unit?Whats inside your system unit? Slide 34 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.34 Chapter 2 Summary Questions How do you set up your computer to avoid strain and injury?How do you set up your computer to avoid strain and injury?