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. Ulrichs Periodicals Directory. - . . .

47298, . 39459. . . 77-17143.

03.12.2010 .: . 3000 . . 152919, . , ., . , . 13..

11/2010

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4

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contents # 1 1 / 2 0 1 0E LEC TRO N I C COM PO N E NT S #11 2010

MARKET7 Angstrem Today and Tomorrow. Interview

10 Russian Week of Electronics-2010. Summary

11 MARKET EVENTS

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT13 Ivan Goryaev

Reading Between Datasheet Lines, or How to Enhance IC Features

MOTOR DRIVE17 Dmitry Izosimov, Nikolay Gnezdov and Sergey Zhuravlev

Designing Asynchronous Traction Engines

23 Anatoly Vinogradov, Dmitry Izosimov,Stanislav Florentsev and Alexander Korotkov

Station for Self-Contained Supply

30 Byoungchul Cho and Sungil Yong

How Switched Reluctance Motors enable green designs

32 Mike Brogley

Mixed-Signal Programmable ICs Enable 1-Chip Motion Control

35 Robert Kalman and Alexey Glubokov

SH2A A New Word in Industrial Automation

38 Oleg Sergeev

maxon motor and Harmonic Drive Solutions for Space Applications

WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES42 Probir Sarkar

How Throughput Enhancements Dramatically Boost 802.11n MAC Effi ciency. Part II

POWER SUPPLIES 46 Slobodan Cuk

Bridgeless PFC Converter Achieves 98% Effi ciency, 0.999 Power Factor. Part II

ENERGY SAVING AND METERING57 Tony Armstrong

Energy Harvesting Systems. Information for Beginners

MSU AND DSP 52 Vladimir Traskovsky and Yury Trukhan

Transmitter/Receiver IC for LVDS Serial Data

61 Gilad Shainer

Network-Based Processing versus Host-Based Processing

FPGA AND VLSIC64 Michael Parker

How to Achieve 1 Trillion Floating-Point Operations-per-Second in an FPGA

NETWORKS AND INTERFACES69 Victor Okhrimenko

OFDM Modems for PLC: Standards, Manufacturers and Components

DISCRETE POWER COMPONENTS74 Evgeny Markelov

Advantages of Bipolar Transistor over FETs

76 Maxim Solomatin

Evolution of International Rectifi ers IGBTs

PASSIVE COMPONENTS81 Vladimir Kondratev

Advantages and Drawbacks of Standard Resistors

THEORY AND PRACTICE84 Michael Smirnov

Modern Methods of Data Transfer

AT LEISURE88 Kripasagar Venkat

A Simple Glass Breakage Detector Using the MSP430

90 NEW COMPONENTS IN THE RUSSIAN MARKET

7

11 2010

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| FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR | 30 2010 . - Designing with Freescale, 6 , , Freescale Semiconductor -, 2010 .

- (Steve Wainwright), EMEA - , , Freescale Semiconductor .

. . Freescale . , 3 .

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Qorivva, , . - 55- . Qorivva - , , , .

Freescale Kinetis , - . Kinetis ARM Cortex-M4. 90- TFS (Thin-Film Storage - -).

- - QorIQ Power Architecture.

Freescale i.MX - , , .

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| PSU 1U POWER LLC | Power Sources Unlimited, , 1U Power LLC .

2010 ., Power Sources Unlimited - .

1U Power LLC 2002 . AC/DC- DC/DC-- 1U ( 1,75 ) , , , .

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1. Stanislav N. Florentsev, Dmitry B.

Izosimov. Traction Drive in hybrid vehicles. Part 1//Elektrotehnika. 7. 2009. Part 2//Elektrotehnika. 8 (in Russian).

2. .. , .. . - . - - . 1. . 7. 2009. 2. . 8. 2009.

3. Stanislav N. Florentsev. Traction Electric Equipment Set for AC Electric Transmission Various Vehicles//Proceedings of International Exhibition & Conference Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion. Power Quality (PCIM-2009). 1214 May 2009. Nurenberg. Germany. P. 625627.

Stanislav N. Florentsev. From Russia with Automotive. AC electric drive-train of a hybrid city bus//Power System Design Europe (PSDE). July/August 2009. P. 5051.

4. S. Florentsev, D. Izosimov, L. Makarov, S. Bayda, A. Belousov: Complete Traction Electric Equipment Sets of Electro-Mechanical Drive Trains for Tractors. IEEE R8 International Conference on Computational Technologies in Electrical and Electronics Engineering. Irkutsk. Russia. 2010. P. 611616. ISBN 978-1-4244-7624-4.

5. Exklusiver Fahrbericht Prototyp Belarus 3023: Stufenlos mit dem Strom//PROFI. June 2010. P. 3437.

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11 2010

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11 2010

- . , , - . 5 , , - -. , - , .

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32

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SmartFusion Actel, - .

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SmartFusion - 12- - , - 500 ./. 1- - 5- 12- -. , - (50-) - (Signal Conditioning Blocks).

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1. Mike Brogley. Mixed-signal pro gram-

mable ICs enable 1-chip motion control//w w w . e e t i m e s . c o m / d e s i g n / p r o g r a m -m a b l e - l o g i c /419 9 4 01/M i xe d -sig n a l - p ro -g ra m m a b l e - I C s- e n a b l e -1- c h i p - m o t i o n -control?pageNumber=0.

35

11 2010

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SH7216 - MONOS Metal Oxide Nitride Oxide Silicon (----). . 10 . , , , , .

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37

11 2010

SH7216 SuperH -

Renesas. SH7216

, . . , .

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| AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES 67 | - 110

Agilent Technologies PNA-X 67 . - N5247A PNA-X +10 , 110 ; 67 0,1 +11 . , 8 7 .

Agilent PNA-X, N5247A , , - S-, . , , , .

N5247A PNA-X 10 110 . N5247A / - , .

- , .

, X-, - Agilent, ADS, Genesys SystemVue, .

www.home.agilent.com

| | STMicroelectronics - L6470 .

dSPIN, HTSSOP28 . 7 , 845 . SPI, RDS(ON) = 0,28 .

www.elcomdesign.ru

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| ON SEMICONDUCTOR | , AMIS-30523, QFP-52 : CAN. , , .

NCP1090, NCP1091 NCP1092 Ethernet (PoE-PD Power over Ethernet Powered Device) , , (VoIP) IP-.

www.elcomdesign.ru

38

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

. . , , - . , , maxon motor () Harmonic Drive (). , - .

- . - : , , , , , . - , , , , - , . - , - , - .

, , maxon motor Harmonic Drive, -.

maxon motor 250 6 400 6 . - . .

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39

11 2010

, - -, .

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-10 -11 (1972 .) - , - , HD.

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Mars Exploration Rover (2004 .). - Spirit Opportunity. 19 , 12 HD: 6 -; 4 2 . , , -. 2000 90. Spirit 2009 . 2010 . 6 [4].

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. 3. Spirit

40

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5150:1. 1991 . 50 , Harmonic Drive.

HD [5]. - .

maxon motor - . - , .. - Harmonic Drive.

Sojourner ( Mars Pathfi nder, 1997 .) 11 maxon motor: 6 ; 4 1 .

Spirit Opportunity (- Mars Exploration Rover, 2004 .) 19 : 6 -; 4 ; 3 ; 2 ; 2 2 . , . maxon motor -2 (Mars Express, 2003 .) 17 . [6] (Mars Scout, 2007 .) 9 .

- maxon motor Harmonic Drive. - maxon motor

Harmonic Drive. - maxon motor. : -, , - .

- . - . , maxon motor Harmonic Drive.

1. I. Schfer, P. Bourlier etc., Space lubrication and performance

of harmonic drive gears. Proceedings of the 11th ESMATS Symposium. Lucerne. Switzerland. 2005.

2. P. Bourlier, I. Schfer etc. Doing more with less: innovative, new lightweight harmonic drive component sets. Proceedings of the 12th ESMATS Symposium. Liverpool. UK. 2007.

3. K. Ueura, R. Slatter Development of the harmonic drive gear for space applications. Proceedings of the 8th ESMATS Symposium. Toulouse. France. 1999.

4. www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mer/index.html. 5. I. Schfer, S. Klinkner Przisionsgetriebe fr die Raumfahrt//

Antriebstechnik. 4/2006.6. N. Phillips Mechanisms for the Beagle2 lander. Proceedings of the

9th ESMATS Symposium. Liege. Belgium. 2001.

| MOTOROLA | Motorola, , . 4- 2011 . Mobile Devices and Home Businesses, Motorola Mobility (Sanjay Jha) , , Motorola Solutions . Motorola Solutions (Greg Brown).

, , , . 2008 ., ,

. , , , Razr.

, Droid , Motorola . Droid Mobile Devices - . III . 2 ., 20% . 13% , - 4,9 .

Zacks Investment Research .www.elcomdesign.ru

| AZZURRO SEMICONDUCTORS AG, , 14,5 . | , , - GaN Si.

Wellington Partners, Good Energies Emerald Technology Ventures, Cedrus Private Equity IBG Innovationsfonds.

Azzurro (, ), 2006 ., . GaN- - 150 , . Azzurro 200- .

, Azzurro, , . Azzurro GaN-.

www.elcomdesign.ru

42

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

2 ( . 10) - MAC- .

802.11n MAC. 2 (PROBIR SARKAR), ARM

A-MPDU MAC-

- - A-MPDU. 6. ( ) - 32- . MPDU, . - - , . MPDU . - 8, 16, 32 64 - . - , - , . ,

. , - . - - MPDU, 64, - . , , -, .. - MPDU .

-

A-MSDU A-MPDU (. . 7). - , - . - , MSDU .

A-MPDU 64 , - -. - .

- . A-MSDU - -, MSDU. - MPDU - , - MPDU . A-MSDU MPDU - -. MPDU - , . , A-MPDU MPDU -, - . , , A-MSDU A-MPDU, .. - MPDU.

,

802.11e, 802.11n .

- (BAR). , .. . 6. A-MPDU

44

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

A-MPDU. - 8. - , - BA. 802.11n A-MPDU - BA. , -, A-MPDU , . , - , - . - -

BAR. - 8 8.

,

. - . - . - - . , 802.11n MSDU, - A-MPDU, . - MPDU 1 . ,

- 64 - 1024 BA. , - , - - .

802.11n , - MPDU . - , - . - 802.11n - . - , , - ( ) . -, - BA , 0. - MPDU. , - , A-MPDU TxOP, - 8.

, -

, FTP HTTP, - , .. , , -, . , - - . , - TxOP . - : -, -

. 7.

)

)

). 8.

45

11 2010

, -, - TxOP - -. 802.1n .. RDP (Reverse Direction Protocol). - -, , TxOP . - , TxOP, , TxOP, - - . - -, , 40%.

, , ,

MAC- - , - , .

( ) , . - - , .

-, . . - .

802.11n 77 - , , , . , - . - . - - -. 802.11n - -, - (MCS feedback protocol), - .

, , - . - - , .

, , - ,

. - 20 - . MAC- -, - - .

MAC- 802.11n. , -, 802.11a/b/g . - , .. , (MAC-). -. - , - - . , - - . - , 600 /, MAC- 375 /. , - , 1 . - - Ethernet- .

| ENERGY MICRO | Energy Micro - EFM32 . LESENSE 16 , . , .. -, .

LESENSE . .

I . 2011 . LESENSE Tiny Gecko. Giant Gecko.www.elcomdesign.ru

| MB87S2080 PRIME | MB87S2080 Fujitsu Semiconductor Europe - PRIME.

PRIME OFDM, 128 /.

MB87S2080 PRIME.www.elcomdesign.ru

46

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

-, - , , . - (. 8).

- 98% 0,999. 2 (SLOBODAN CUK), , TESLA

- - - (Power Factor Correction ) - : - 98%, 0,999; - ; ; , . - - - , - (THD). -, 1, -

-, , -.

1 , - , - - . , - :

(1)

, - (1), D, S, -

- - AC/DC- .

-, , - L, Lr Cr - 100%, - - , - . , -, .

-

- iAC (. . 1) -, - . 1. , - .

AC/DC--, - 1, - , . - . - - . - 60 .

, , -

. 1. -: ) S; ) - , -

)

)

47

11 2010

- 60 . - - .

-

S.

, , .

- (ON) (OFF) , .

. - , - , ..

(2)

(3)

DR. - , CR LR, - ( - , ), - , . , .

DRTS ON (. . 2) (. . 2). , D -

DR, - , - CR1 (. . 2).

- (OFF) , -.

- , . - (ON) :

(4)

- , , :

(5)

, - fs - D, (5). , , - ( 1), - , D, -

, ( , ) .

, - , - D, , - . - , -, -: - - D.

2 2 , : - . , - ( DTs), - - -, - .

- AC/DC - 300- , - 110 220 - 400 , -. 3 - 300- , 85240 , 3 - .

) ) )

. 2. : ) (ON) . ; ) (ON) (OFF) - ; ) (ON)

48

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

97% - . -

2. Uac = 220 , 60 , THD = 2,0%, = 0,991 60 ; THD = 6,3%, = 0,98 50

/ .

300 ,

60 ,

50 ,

3 3,4 2300 1020 20,5 21,55 1,9 1140 570 10,7 7,57 1,0 770 300 12,5 8,09 0,5 400 150 10,8 8,1

11 0,35 330 105 7,6 6,513 0,30 210 89 7,5 4,815 0,26 150 77 10,5 7,017 0,23 132 68 15,0 10,519 0,20 118 61 14,2 10,521 0,18 107 55 12,3 9,223 0,17 98 50 13,5 7,825 0,15 90 46 18,0 10,027 0,14 83 43 21,0 12,729 0,13 78 40 20,0 14,031 0,12 73 37 16,7 13,533 0,12 68 35 11,3 12,535 0,11 64 33 6,3 11,537 0,10 61 31 3,3 11,039 0,10 58 30 2,0 10,5

1. Uac = 110 , 60 , THD = 1,7%, = 0,999

/ . 300 , 60 ,

3 3,4 2300 1020 385 1,9 1140 570 147 1,0 770 300 79 0,5 400 150 5,8

11 0,35 330 105 3,513 0,30 210 89 2,515 0,26 150 77 3,417 0,23 132 68 4,519 0,20 118 61 7,221 0,18 107 55 5,723 0,17 98 50 9,325 0,15 90 46 9,527 0,14 83 43 9,829 0,13 78 40 10,031 0,12 73 37 4,833 0,12 68 35 2,935 0,11 64 33 0,837 0,10 61 31 0,739 0,10 58 30 0,8

. 3. , 300- -: ) 85240 ; )

) )

- , 85 (. . 3 3), - - .

- - - ( 85 ), .

4 - ( ) ( ) - 110 60 . , 300- , 0,999, (THD) 1,7%.

4 - ( ) ( ) 220 60 . , 300- , 0,991, - 2%.

1 , - 110 , 2 220 . 60, 50 .

5, - - - 400 (20 ).

- TESLA - - (Isolated Storageless Converter), . - -. 6 - 600- - 12 , 6 - . - , 6. - 33 2, .. 66 2, 68,5 . - EPCOSR20x10x7, - N87 14/2/3.

49

11 2010

. 12 , - - , , (- 4 /), - -, . , , - , , . : .

-

, , , - . - - , .. -.

- - , - , - - . 1 , - CR1 CR2 - - . , - , - L S, 7.

- -

- - , , - -

400 , -, - - . - - -, : , , 120 - , , , - , ..:

(6)

, - (. . 8), - . -, 1, - - ,

. 4. , . - : ) ( ) ( ) 110 , 60 ; ) ( ) ( ) 220 60

. 5. , - -

50

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

, - , . - .

- - , - (6), . , - -, 8 i01(t), i02(t), i03(t), , 9, 120 , I0 , - (6). , . - :

(7)

, - , - , - - .

-

- , - , . , - - - , -, .

-, 8, - - . , - ,

. 6. , 600- - , 12 50 68,5 : ) ; ) ; ) , 600-

)

)

)

. 7. - : -, , , ,

51

11 2010

. 8. -, -

. 10. -

-, 7, .

. 9. -, 8:) , 1; ) , 2; ) , 3; ) , . - I, 0 120

)

)

)

)

1. http://powerelectronics.com/power_

management/regulator_ics/true-bridgeless-pfc-converter-part2-201008/.

52

D

SP

WWW.ELCP.RU

() 55601 - 55602 LVDS, .

LVDS , , , , -, , .

LVDS - , 1 / 10 . LVDS - ( 350 ) . - - , , -, -, - .

LVDS- : TIA/EIA-644, TIA/EIA-644A TIA/EIA-899. TIA-644 . - - - .

- 655 /c ( - ) 1923 /c - . - . - , ( RS-422, RS-485).

LVDS- PECL-, - , - , ASIC - . LVDS- - RS-422, PECL LVPECL. - -.

( 200 - 25 ), - 5 , - - .

- - - 55601 - 55602 LVDS. - SN55LVDS31W, - SN55LVDS32W Texas Instruments. - LVDS .

55602 - 55601 - 33,6 60125C. , - 55601, 55602 - 2000 . - , - 1. , - , .

- , , - . - - n-p-n- - 7 .

. 1. : ) ; ) ; ) ; ) -

D

SP

53

11 2010

1.

-

--

01 1- 1A02 1- 1Y03 1- 1Z04 G05 2- 2Z06 2- 2Y07 2- 2A08 GND09 3- 3A10 3- 3Y11 3- 3Z12 G13 4- 4Z14 4- 4Y15 4- 4A

16 Ucc

2. - ( = 60125, Ucc = 3,03,6 )

, -

. . , |UOD| RL = 100 247 454 , |UOD| RL = 100 50 50 - , UOC RL = 100 1,125 1,375

, UOC RL = 100 50 50

, UOC(PP) RL = 100 , CL = 10 150

, Icc

UI = 0,8 2 , -, 20

UI = 0,8 2 , RL = 100 , 35

UI = 0 Ucc , 1

, IIH UIH = 2 20 , IIL UIL = 0,8 10

, IOSUO(Y) = 0 UO(Z) = 0 24

UOD = 0 12 12 , IOZ UO = 0 2,4 1 1 , IO(off ) Ucc = 0 , UO = 2,4 4 4 , tPLH

CL = 10 ,

RL = 100

0,5 4 , tPHL 1 4,5 - , tR, tF 1

|tPLH tPHL|,

tSK(D) 0,6

tSK(O) 0,6 , tPZH

RL = 100 ,

CL = 10

15

, tPZL 15

, tPHZ 17

, tPLZ 15

- - - 2, 1. A - /. . Y - Z - , LVDS. 2 .

- - 3, - 3. A B - LVDS.

. 2. - -

- . - Y , -

/. 4 - -. 4, 5 - . - 6 .

- 5. - ( ) - -

. 4.

. 3. - -

54

D

SP

WWW.ELCP.RU

3.

-

--

01 1- 1B02 1- 1A03 1- 1Y04 G05 2- 2Y06 2- 2A07 2- 2B08 GND09 3- 3B10 3- 3A11 3- 3Y12 G13 4- 4Y14 4- 4A15 4- 4B

16 Ucc

4. - ( = 60125, Ucc = 3,03,6 )

, -

. . , UITH+

1 . . 6 100

, UITH

1 . . 6 100

, UOH IOH = 8 2,4 , UOL IOL = 8 0,4

, ICC , 18

0,5

( A B), IIUI = 0 2 20

UI = 2,4 1,2 ( A B), II(OFF) Ucc = 0 , UI = 2,4 20

, IIH UIH = 2 10 , IIL UIL = 0,8 10 3- , IOZ UO = Ucc 0 12 12 , tPLH CL = 10

1,3 6 , tPHL 1,4 6,1 , tPHZ

CL = 10

12

, tPLZ 12

, tPZH 14

, tPZL 12

1 |UITH| = 200 60.

5. ( Ta = 25C, Ucc = 3,3 )

,

, tSK(O)

CL = 10 1

, tR 0,6 , tF 0,7

100 . , 3,5 , - 350 , , , -, -. , .

LVDS 55601, 55602 -. - LVDS -, . - Bus LVDS, - .

- , G ( 4) , G ( 12) - ( ).

- , ( Fail-Safe). , - -

6.

- , UID,

- , UIC, , UIA, , UIB,

1,25 1,15 100 1,21,15 1,25 100 1,22,4 2,3 100 2,352,3 2,4 100 2,350,1 0 100 0,050 0,1 100 0,05

1,5 0,9 600 1,20,9 1,5 600 1,22,4 1,8 600 2,11,8 2,4 600 2,10,6 0 600 0,30 0,6 600 0,3

. 5. - LVDS

D

SP

55

11 2010

. 7. -

. 6. -

.

400 /. - 16- - 402.16 32.01.

- - 55601,

55602 -: LVDS, - , - /.

/ LVDS - (< 1,0 c) . - , , .

6 7 - . - 0,1 0,001 , - , . - , 6 .

| | ACTIV Financial Wall Street FPGA , . ACTIV Financial , , , .

Wall Street FPGA PXI National Instruments - Virtex-5 Xilinx. Synchronous Ethernet IEEE1588v2, .

, , , .

www.elcomdesign.ru

57

11 2010

- . - Linear Technology.

.

(TONY ARMSTRONG), , Linear Technology

. , -, , , -.

. - - - , , - ( HVAC-). - , - .

- , , , - , -. , -, () - , -, . . , , - . . 1.

, - , , . , - , , , - . -, , , , , .

, - - , HVAC , - , . , - , .

, - . - , . ,

- - .

/

- (. . 1):

1) ;

2) ;3) , -

, , , - ;

4) , - - .

- () , - (, -), -, (-, ). . , -

58

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

2. ,

100 /2 ( )

100 /2

( )

( , )

10 /2 ( )

, 10 /2 ( ) -

(- )

100 /2 -

- 100 /2

- , 1.

, - , . - , - . - ( -) - , -.

- , - , - . - - . - 38% . (28% ). - , -

17 21% . 21% ( ) , 76% . , 2030 . . - 30-% .

- - - . , - , - -, -. , - - , - . 2 -, .

-

, - . , - . . , , -. 1. , - , 30. - . . - , , , , , , - . : - - . , Linear Technology LTC3109 LTC3588-1 .

LTC3109 -

, -

1. , - , -

,

( )

/ -

( / )

/

60

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

-. . , , - , - . - - : 30 .

(. . 2) - - , - - . - ( ) - - . , .

( 30 ) 1 : 100. - - - . -

. 3. LTC3588

. , , Coilcraft.

LTC3109 . - , Vaux, - .

- 2,2 - . Vaux Vout. - , , Vout, 2,3 , , - Vout, . - -, Vout, Vaux Vout. 3 .

, - Vstore, (-

). , -. - ( Power up) Main, Back up Sw . - - , Vout.

LTC3588-1 ( - 3) - - , , - . 100 /2 -.

, , .. , (- -), - ( ).

LTC3588-1 2,720 , - - -, -. - 100 , - . - (1,8; 2,5; 3,3 3,6 ) - . - 950 - , . LTC3588-1 - , - .

-

- - . - . - - .

. 2. LTC3109

D

SP

61

11 2010

- . -, , . , - .

- : ? (GILAD SHAINER), , Mellanox Technologies

-, - . : , 2009 . - Top500 134 893 , 100 . . - -, , - , .

Infi niBand, - , - , - , -. Infi niBand (IBA), -, - - . Infi niBand - , Top500. LANL "Roadrunner" (4 . 130 . ), NASA ( 9 . 82 . ), NUDT "TianHe" (3 . 72 . ), Jlich JuRoPa and HPC-FF (3 . 30 . ), TACC (4 . 63 . ) Sandia "Red Sky" (5,4 . 43 . ). - Infi niBand, - .

-, -

, - : - (, Infi niBand Ethernet) (, SeaStar

and Quadrics), , - . , - -, -, -, -, MPI (Message Passing Interface -). - - (), , - . , , , - , - ..

-? - -

. , (, , PCI-Express), (Infi niBand, Ethernet ..) . - , - -. - , - , - -. , , Ethernet Infi niBand Top500. Ethernet- , - TCP, 50%, Infi niBand- - 96% - .

-

, , , , - , - .. , - , - (, MPI), .

. -, , - - . - -, -. - . -.

-

. -, - . - - . . - , ,

62

D

SP

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

. 2. Infi niBand ( ) - ( )

- . (. . 1). - - - ( Infi niBand-) 700%.

MPI- - - - 1 . 1- RDMA, , MPI -. - - RDMA 7 . 1 MPI? , - , , , . - , , , -, - .

, -

- . - . - -, PCI-Express, (, InfiniBand) , , , - .

-

- . .

Infi niBand Infi niBand MPI. Infi niBand ( ), - . - MPI, . - MPI Infi niBand. - ( ), - , , . -. - , - , - .

2 -

InfiniBand-: - ( Mellanox ConnectX-2), (- QLogic QLE7342). , - , , 2290 , 123 - . , - , - .

- -. , , - - FLUENT LS-DYNA. 3 4.

- . - 8 , Intel Xeon X5670 2,93 . - Mellanox ConnectX-2 IS5000 QLogic QLE7342 - 12200.

, Mellanox Infi niBand ( ) 16% FLUENT 36% LS-DYNA - 8- . , .

Mellanox ConnectX

Infi niBand -.

Mellanox ConnectX MPI- - - . , , , , . -

. 1. - Infi niBand

D

SP

63

11 2010

, - . .

, - , - , - - , . Mellanox ConnectX - - , - - HCA (Host Channel Adapter). .

, -

- , - . - - . (, , ) - - , , , Infi niBand - . ,

. 4. - ( ) ( ) LS-DYNA

. 3. - ( ) ( ) FLUENT

- .

Infi niBand- - - - . ,

NIC , , , - , - .

64

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

FPGA . , - FPGA. FPGA, , 1 (1 -). [1].

1 FPGA? (MICHAEL PARKER), , Altera Corporation

? 28- FPGA

- , , . - - , , - .

FPGA - . , Verilog VHDL - - . , . , - - , FPGA. - (fused datapath), - - FPGA. - FPGA.

- FPGA , ,

- 1 . - - IP- - .

- 28- FPGA . - DSP- - . - 1818- 1825- - , , . , 2727- 5454- - -. DSP- , - 1 FPGA.

DSP- -

. 28- FPGA - -

- FPGA, - - .

- - - IEEE 754-2008, - . - FPGA, , - , - . , .

- , , - DSP- - , , , , . , - , - . -, - . - FPGA - ,

66

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

. 1.

, - - .

FPGA FPGA ,

, -, - . -, FPGA, , -. , . , , .. - , . - . , , - FPGA.

-, FPGA - , IEEE 754.

, DSP- 2727- 3636- -, 23- -. - -, , -. - , , 27 23, , - -.

- , . - , - -. - -, - 1.

IEEE 754 - , - -

, , , - . , , IEEE 754, - , . - - , .

, , -, C MATLAB, - . , - . , - - , , . , - , -

67

11 2010

, .

- . - Pentium, IEEE 754. - , - - . , IEEE 754, - , , , - , IEEE 754 - , - .

1 - , SD - - IEEE 754, -, HD , - ,

.

- DSP- Altera DSP Builder Advanced Blockset, Simulink MathWorks. - , - FPGA.

2 , - , - - . , - ,

1. ,

/ 88 3223 6464 128128

||ESD||F 57,60 9,40 5,33 2,29 459,18 44,30 36,94 7,60

||EHD||F 10,38 2,73 1,65 1,27 47,10 10,36 7,36 5,33

. 2. DSP Builder

. , , -, - , - .

Math.h , C, .. - , , , , . - .

, - , . - , -:

; ; LU-; QR-.

68

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

- - , DSP-, - , . , - - .

1 -

- FPGA . , DSP- . - FPGA - , - -

, -. FPGA, , , - DSP-, . , , - . , - , , 50%, .

- . -, .. - 100% DSP-, 100% . 100%, . , - FPGA, -

.

-

- - FPGA. -, - FPGA, - . 28- FPGA - , 1 -. , math.h - - . , , DSP- .

1. Michael Parker. How to achieve 1 trillion

fl oating-point operations-per-second in an FPGA//www.eetimes.com.

| | LAST POWER (Large Area silicon carbide Substrates and heTeroepitaxial GaN for POWER device applications SiC GaN ).

42- ENIAC (European Nanoelectronics Initiative Advisory Council - ) , .

, , - . - , (SiC) (GaN) .

, 30% , - , (Salvatore Co a), - STMicroelectronics. SiC GaN - .

SiC GaN : 150- SiC- GaN- ; , ; 150- ; , 1200 /100 - SiC, SiC-

p-n- 250C GaN- ;

. ENIAC, , ,

-, . ENIAC.

www.elcomdesign.ru

69

11 2010

- - , - - .

OFDM- PLC-: , , , , VD MAIS

-

- AMR/AMI/AMM , , -. PLC- - OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing - ), - [19].

ADD Advanced

Digital Design S.A. (ADD) - IP-, (ASIC) PLC-. ADD - / AMM (Automated Meter Management) - AMR (Automatic Meter Reading) - . - ADD1000B ( - KNX), ADD1010 (IEC61334-5-2, IEC61334-5-1, IEC61334-4-32, EHS, KNX) ADD1020/21 (PRIME).

PLC- ADD1021 : -

8051 (IP- ADD8051C3A); MAC- (IP-

ADD1221); PHY- (IP-

ADD1321). -

ADD1021 - 1 [1]. - OFDM- PRIME-. - 20128 /; - . 1. ADD1021

4288 ; DBPSK, DQPSK D8PSK. (AES 128) MAC- IP- ADD1221 - . 3,3 .

2009 . Fujitsu Microelectronics Europe GmbH (FME) Advanced Digital Design S.A. PLC-, - PRIME-OFDM. ADD IP- - 2010 . PLC- / -.

iAd iAd GmbH,

- 15 - PLC-. - (FSK). -

, - OFDM. PLC- 1990- . 2000 . - - PLC-OFDM. 20052006 . DLC-2C/CA - , REMPLI (Real-time Energy Management via Powerlines and Internet).

iAd GmbH - PLC-: DLC-2B/BA DLC-2C/CA (. . 1) [2, 3]. - - , - - 9450 . . - 9,6576 /. - CENELEC 288 /. - ( , DLC-2B)

70

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

. 3. DLC-2/A

(DLC-2B). DLC-2B/BA 2, - DLC-2C/CA 3. DLC-2C - HyNet32XS, 32- - DSP/RISC- Hyperstone E1-32XS. HyNet32XS : MAC Ethernet (10/100 /), CAN 2.0, USB 1.1, UART, IrDA, I2C, ISDN,

SDRAM . DLC-2B - , UART, SPI, CAN.

2009 . Freescale Semiconductor ( - ), arivus GmbH iAd GmbH - PLC- - OFDM-.

PLC- / -.

MAXIM INTEGRATED PRODUCTSMAX2990 PLC-

, - - 100 / 10490 32 / 1095 [57]. OFDM-. PLC- MAX2990 - FCC, CENELEC, ARIB - , , -, .. , PLC- MAX2990, PLC G3 Physical Layer Specification ( G3-PLC) [5], - Maxim Integra-ted Products, Sagem Communication ERDF (Electricit Rseau Distribution France). ERDF, 36 . , - - EdF (Electricit de France). - 95% - . - 1 260 . 33 . - G3-PLC (smart grids) .

PLC- MAX2990 - FEC- - , AES-128. MAC-, - IEEE 802.15.4, - CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance - - ) - (Automatic Repeat Request, ARQ). - BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Key).

, G3-PLC, ERDF -

1. DLC-2B/BA DLC-2C/CA

DLC-2B/BA DLC-2C/CA EN 50065(CENELEC), IEC 61000-3, FCC part 15 subpart B OFDM , 9450 , / 9,6576

( , )8- CPU-RISC (44-88)

16- DSP (44-88) SRAM- ( ), 128 (CPU), 77 (DSP) 84 (DSP)

,

UART, DMA, ,

/ (, 32-CRC, - -), , , - ()

CRC, - RS-232, SRAM, GPIO GPIO, HyNet32XS , 1,8/3,3

, (, ) DLC-2B, BGA-256 (17171,8);DLC-2BA, QFP-64 (13131,2) DLC-2C, QFP-144 (2020);DLC-2CA, QFP-64 (1313)

. 2. DLC-2B/BA

71

11 2010

- S-FSK OFDM. 2 [6].

- - (Bit Error Rate, BER), , , - /. FSK- / SNR = 12 - 2 / - 0,0001 ( 10 . -), PLC- MAX2990 - BER SNR = 4 32 / [6]. , - PLC- MAX2990 - - , 5 - / BER.

PLC- MAX2990 : 16- RISC-

MAXQ; - 32 ; ROM- 5,12 ; SRAM- 8 ;

UART, SPI, I2C, GPIO; ; ; ;

(PHY). MAX2990

4 [7]. - MAX2990 - 64-LQFP 4085C.

STMicroelectronics STMicroelectronics

PLC-

1990- . - . ST7537/ST7538, ST7540, - PLC- , - (FSK), 3004800 /. ST7538/7540 - , , AMR. -, , - Enel Telegestore ACEA, , China National Petroleum (), - AMR, - , .. [8]. , , - . - , , .

PLC- -, , , . PLC-

, - , . - - - - , PLC-. , STMicroelectronics - - PLC-, - , .

2009 . - (ST7570/80/90), - - STarGRID. AMR/AMI/AMM PLC-, - - - , , , - . - , , - DSP- - ,

2. S-FSK OFDM

-

-

, / - (FER), %

-, /

- (FER), %

S-FSK 880 0 880 0

G3-PLC 5700 0 6300 0

S-FSK 763 12 763 12G3-PLC 4175 1 2425 12

( 6,4 , )S-FSK 880 0 880 0

G3-PLC 6092 0 3349 0

. 4. PLC- MAX2990

72

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

-.

PLC- STarGRID 8051, , DSP-, - - ( , ). , (AFE), , - - .

PLC- - DSP-. - ROM -, - -, . (OFDM) .

- 8051 - ROM RAM. , - - - -, - .

- - UART SPI. 8051 - I2C / (GPIO).

. 5. STarGRID

, (), - - .

, STarGRID - , , - -. - - . - 1 , - 14 ( ), . STarGRID , - CENELEC. - - (EN50065-1), - (EN50065-7) - - (EN50065-2-1).

/ - .

(AES 128), -

- / , STarGRID.

PLC- - - EN50065 (CENELEC) FCC part 15. - IEC61334-5-1, PRIME, SITRED . - 0,18 . PLC- ST75xx 3, 5.

ST7580 - : BPSK, QPSK 8PSK (28,8 /), , , - BFSK, - ST7538/40. ST7580 - Enel , Endessa. , 2016 . - 13 -. - PLC-, - Enel SITRED. SITRED, 50 , - .

73

11 2010

PLC- ST7590 - ( 128 /) - OFDM- PRIME. ST7590, , - SRAM.

ADD GRUP 1992 . ADD

GRUP (www.addgrup.com) - () - . 2008 . ADD GRUP PLC- ADDM-7LM S-FSK OFDM- [9]. , 6, 76,8 / 230 / . - S-FSK OFDM- 1890 (CENELEC A). 1248, - 1500 , DPSK, D4PSK, D8PSK, D16PSK. - EN 50065 (CENELEC) IEC 61000-3. IEEE 802.2 type 1. 32- TMS320F28xx. : 462213 . PLC- ADDM-7LM - AMM/AMR.

2008 . -

( - ) - 2020 . 20% , 20% - - - 20% . - , - . , - - 500 - 2030 .

/ -

3. PLC- ST75xx

ST7570 ST7580 ST7590

EN50065 (CENELEC), FCC part 15

( ), / 2400

9,6 (BFSK), 28,8 (BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK) 128

S-FSK BFSK, BPSK, QPSK, 8PSKOFDM (97 ,

BPSK, QPSK, 8PSK)

AES (128-)

DSP + 8051

IEC 61334-5-1 (PHY, MAC), IEC 61334-4-32 LLC ST DLLPRIME (PHY, MAC, CS),

IEC 61334-4-32 LLC

UART/SPI UART/SPI/I2C UART/SPI/I2C/SRAM

/ +

, 4085

(, ) QFN-48 (77) QFN-48 (77),TQFP-100 (1414)

. 6. PLC- ADDM-7LM

-. - - , - , - - .. , - - . -, , , / - . - .

, - AMR/AMI/AMM - .

- PLC-, - PLC- [19].

1. ADD1021 PRIME Alliance Compliant

MODEM. ADD (www.addsemi.com).2. DLC-2B/BA Low Cost Narrow Band

Communication Controller MCM (Multi Carrier Modulation) and Power Line Chipset. iAd (www.iad-de.com).

3. DLC-2C/CA High Performance Narrow Band Communication Controller MCM (Multi Carrier Modulation) and Power Line Chipset. iAd (www.iad-de.com).

4. OFDM-Based High-Speed Narrowband PLC Approved for Smart Metering and Smart Grids. arivus-iAd, 2009 (www.arivus.eu).

5. PLC G3 Physical Layer Specifi cation (www.erdfdistribution.fr).

6. By Michael Navid. Recent Advancements in Power Line Communications make it an Ideal Technology Platform for the Smart Grid. Metering International, Issue 4 2009.

7. 10 kHz to 490 kHz OFDM-Based Power Line Communication Modem. Abridged data sheet. Maxim Integrated Products, 2008 (www.maxim-ic.com).

8. By Alessandro Moscatelli and Domenico Arrigo. STarGRID is the new Flexible PLC System-on-Chip Platform for Smart Grids. Metering International, Issue 4, 2009.

9. OFDM the 3 generation of narrowband Power Line Communications. 4Annual Euro-pean Utilities Intelligent Metering. Barce-lona, May 2008.

74

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

. . . [1].

, ,

- - -. . , - () -, - .

- - - - . , - . , -.

:

1960- ., 70- . - - , , - .

. 1.

- ( 5 ) (700 ).

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, - - 3 , - , - , . , -, , , , -, , . - 3 21 .

- (900 ) -, - -

( , -), , - .

-

. - , , . - .

C Y-. - , -, - , -. Y- - , -. , Y- - -, . , - , .

- - . - -, , , . - - - . , -

75

11 2010

, , , - .

1 - -. - - 5 (5 , 1 ). 2,7 , - 3,6 . , - - 25%.

, -

-: - , - . [2]. , .

1. - -,

. , . , , , - .

2. - - - (, ..). , - , - , , . .

3. - , . , , -

- .

-

AC/DC-- . - . , - , -, . , - - AC/DC-.

1. Li Y. Why consider a power BJT rather

than a MOSFET?2. Li Y. Zheng J. A Low-Cost Adaptive Mul-

ti-Mode Digital Control Solution MaximizingAC/DC Power Supply Effi ciency//IEEE 2010 App-lied Power Electronics Conference and Ex po-sition (APEC).

76

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

- -, IGBT . IGBT 5...100 .

, IGBT (Isolated Gate Bipolar Transistor) - p-n-p-, - N- MOSFET. ( 1). p-n-p- - n-p-n-, - - . IGBT, MOSFET, , , , :

- (>500 );

MOSFET .

body diode eff ect MOSFET - . , , - , . - ( ), , - .

IGBT International Rectifi er (IR), - , (PT, NPT, Trench).

, -,


. 1. IGBT

- , - , - . IGBT- : Single IGBT- Co-Pack IGBT - . , - .

, IGBT MOSFET ( 23 ) . IGBT- MOSFET, -, .

1 . , IGBT - 300 , (13 /2) (550 ).

IGBT IRInternational Rectifi er

IGBT. IGBT c - , -, . International Rectifi er - IGBT, PT (Punch Through), NPT (Non Punch Trough) Trench. , .

PT- -

1.

MOSFET IGBT

-

(- - - )

-

; - -

-

-

77

11 2010

IGBT. , PT-, N- MOSFET, p- (. . 2). IGBT p+ - n+. , - , p-n-p-. PT IGBT MOSFET, - NPT-, .

NPT- NPT (

. 2) n- , p-n-p- - p+ . PT IGBT, , RBSOA, - - , , . , NPT IGBT - n+, , , -, , , , , .

Trench-

IGBT

. 2. IGBT

(trench gate) (. . 2), - n+ . - - , - . . , - ( 60%). IGBT, Trench, - IGBT, IR.

IGBT 6- International Rectifi er, - DS (Depletion Stop) Trench IGBT. ( 30%) - 4- 5- . International Rectifi er - , - , . - -.

( 175) 6- - - 4- 5-

78

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

. 3. Standard UltraFast IGBT

. 4.

(. . 2) .

Trench IGBT IR . - IGBT dV/dt . IR , - .

International Rectifi er PT, NPT Trench IGBT. 3, 4 - Trench- 600 1200 , -.

, IGBT International Rectifi er

IGBT , : (Standard), (Fast) (UltraFast).

IGBT Standard - , - . , Ultrafast IGBT -, - . 3 , , MOSFET. 50 100 ZVS/ZCS-.

Fast IGBT - , - . - , Fast IGBT , UltraFast IGBT. 4 UltraFast IGBT.

5 Standard, Fast UltraFast IGBT. , Fast UltraFast -, , -

3. Trench IGBT 600

Vces, Vce(on), Ic, A 25C/100C Icm, APd, 25C

Eoff ,

IRGB4045DPBF TO-220AB

600

1,7 12/6 20 77 122

IRGB4056DPBF TO-220AB 1,55 24/12 48 140 225

IRGB4059DPBF TO-220AB 1,75 8/4 16 56 75

IRGB4060DPBF TO-220AB 1,55 16/8 32 99 145

IRGB4061DPBF TO-220AB 1,65 36/18 72 206 350

IRGI4061DPBF TO-220FP 1,35 20/11 40 43 350

IRGP4062DPBF TO-247AC 1,6 48/24 96 250 600

IRGP4063DPBF TO-247AC 1,65 96/48 192 330 1275

IRGB4064DPBF TO-220AB 1,6 20/10 40 101 200

IRGP4068DEPBF TO-247AC1,65 96/48 192 330 1275

IRGP4068DPBF TO-247AC

4. Trench IGBT 1200

Vces, Vce(on),

Ic, A 25C/

100C Icm, APd, 25C Eoff ,

IRG7PH30K10DPBF

TO-247AC1200

2,0530/16 36 180 680

IRG7PH30K10PBF 33/23 40 187 750

IRG7PH42UDPBF 1,7

85*/45120

320 857

IRG7PH42UPBF 90*/60 385 1182

IRG7PSH73K10PBF Super-247 2,0 220*/130 300 1150 4600

* ( . ).

2. PT NPT IGBT Trench IGBT

Ic (T = 100C,Vg = 15 ),

Trench IGBT NPT IGBT PT IGBT

4 IRGB4059D-PBF TO-220 IRGB4B60KD1 IRGB4B60KDIRG4BC10SD, IRG4BC15MD, IRG4BC15UD, IRG4BC10KD

6 IRGB4045D-PBF TO-220 IRGB8B60KD

IRG4BC20SD, IRG4BC20FD, IRG4BC20MD, IRG4BC20UD, IRG4BC20KD8 IRGB4060D-PBF TO-220

10 IRGB4064D-PBF TO-220 IRGB10B60KD IRGB15B60KD IRGP20B60PD

IRG4BC30SD, IRG4BC30FD, IRG4BC30MD, IRG4BC30UD, IRG4BC30KD, IRG4PC40UD, IRG4PC40W

12 IRGB4056D-PBF TO-220

18 IRGB4061D-PBF TO-220

24 IRGB4062D-PBF TO-220 IRGP35B60PD IRG4PC40UD, IRG4PC50UD, IRG4PC50W, IRG4PC40WD

48 IRGB4063D-PBF TO-220 IRGP35B60PD IRGP50B60PD IRG4PC50UD, IRG4PC60

5. Standard, Fast UltraFast IGBT

Standard Fast UltraFast

, 1,3 1,5 1,9

, /(2) 0,54 0,16 0,055

, 0,625 0,75 0,95

79

11 2010

. 7.

6. WARP IGBT

, Vces, Vce(on), Ic, A 25C Ic, A 100C

IRG4PC40W

TO-247AC

60150

600

2,5 40 20

IRG4PC50W 2,3 55 27

IRG4PC30W2,7

23 12IRG4BC30W TO-220AB

IRG4BC30W-S D2Pak 2,1

IRG4BC40W TO-220AB 2,5 40 20

IRG4IBC20WTO-220FP

2,6 11,8 6,2

IRG4IBC30W

60150

2,7 17 8,4

IRG4BC20W TO-220AB2,6 13

6,5

IRG4BC20W-S D2Pak 6,5

IRG4PF50W TO-247AC900 2,7 51 28

IRG4PF50WD TO-247AC Co-Pack

. 5 , , -, IGBT.

IGBT-

. - IGBT, IR, :

/DC-, DC/AC-; ; ; ; -

; ; -

; ; ; .

, . , 12...100 . - (, - ) - 24...100 .

: (DC/AC-) 220/380 , 220/380 . 6 500 International Rectifi er, Trench IGBT 6- .

IGBT International Rectifi er WARP IGBT WARP2 IGBT. , IGBT - , . -

. 6.

. 5. IGBT

, - .

IGBT , - , , . WARP WARP2 IGBT MOSFET. , . MOSFET 150 , . IGBT 50 -247 20 -220, 85% 18% , 600- , . - 7

80

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

Uce(on) MOSFET IGBT, PT WARP2-. 6 7 WARP WARP2 IGBT .

,

IGBT- International Rectifier , IGBT . https://ec.irf.com/IGBTselection/tool.htm. ,

7. WARP2 IGBT

, Vces, Vce(on), Ic, A 25CIc, A

100C

IRGP50B60PD1

TO-247AC Co-Pack 150 600

2,00 75 45

IRGP35B60PD 1,85 60 34

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IRGB20B60PD1 TO-220AB Co-Pack

- IGBT.


- , . , - - .

1. . IGBT- International Rectifi er

// , 2009, 4.2. Satyavrat Laud. IGBT evolution enhances switched-mode power

conversion//Power sources, batteries and power management 2007.3. . NPT, Trench, SPT ?// -

, 2006, 3.4. www.irf.com/technical-info/appnotes/an-983.pdf.5. . Trench IGBT

International Rectifi er // , .

| 2012 . 30% | , VDC Research Group, - 2009 . 200 . 2012 . 30% .

, 3D- , , , . - .

, 2009 2012 ., ( , ) . - , -, , .

VDC Research Group, 2009 . Wind River . Enea, Green Hills Software, Lauterbach LynuxWorks. - , , , - .

www.elcomdesign.ru

| 2011 . | , - KPMG LLP.

118 , 53% , .

78% , 5% . 29% , 5%.

, . .

www.elcomdesign.ru

81

11 2010

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, ,

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82

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1 ppm/C 060C (0,05 ppm/C Z-Foil) - .

, - 0,08 . 0,05 . - , 1- , 110 . . -, , - .

- 1- -, Bulk Metal Foil, - 100 : AC--/DC- = 1,001.

. : (0,05 ppm/C 060C); : 0,005% ( 0,005% ); : 0,005% (50 ppm) 70C; - 2000 ; - - 0,1 ppm/C 060C 25 .

,

-. - - , - - .

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83

11 2010

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2/) - . - [1]:

ST = 4kTR,

R -, ; T , K; k = 1,38071023, /K .

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2)/f, , - ; U ; f [2]. - 1.

/ ( [NI]dB = 20lg[(u/U)10

6], u - , ; U , . , .

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, - .

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- - 550 , [3];

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- -

, [2].

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. . -, -, .

- , - (. . 2).

k = 1 + + R2/R1 R2/R1 . R1 R2 - P1 = [VO/(R1 + R2)]

2R1 P2 = [VO/(R1 + R2)]

2R2, . , P2/P1 = R2/R1.

k > 2 , , R2 > R1. , - R2 - R1. ( ), - , - R2/R1 - VO. , - . - VI VO (. . 3).

[4]. - , - (PCR) [5]. PCR -

R1 R2 - .

1. Resistor Theory and Technology. By Felix

Zandman, Paul-Rene Simon, Joseph Szwarc. SciTech Publishing, 2002, 308 p.

2. Vasilescu Gabriel, Electronic Noise and Interfering Signals: Principles and Applications. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. 709 p.

3. Robust Electronic Design Reference Book. By Barnes, John R. Volume 1; 2004.

4. Analog Devices, Inc. Avoiding passive components pitfalls. Application note AN-348.

5. J. Szwarc. Current Sensing with a pre-cision of a few parts per million within a fraction of a second.

. 1. -

. 2.

1.

NI,

40 30 20 10 0 +10

. 3. VI VO

84

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

- SerDes. - , , . , - 300 .

, ,

SERDES?SerDes (serializers/deserializers)

- -/ - , () - . . SerDes - , - , , - . SerDes - , 500 (1000 /).

-, -.

SERDES SerDes -

(. . 1). - , , - SerDes. - SerDes - , , , MAC- -

. 1.

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/ SerDes (ENDEC) - . , - . , - - - (0000000) (1111111.). SerDes - - .

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, , - . -

, ENDEC - (-), . . , 8B/10B .

- -. - SerDes . - , 1. .

- - , .. , - - .

SerDes - - -. SerDes ( ) .

- - . - - , -. - , .

- , .

85

11 2010

. 2. - SerDes: 1) -, , . HSTL, LVTTL TTL. LVDS; 2) LVPECL, CML VML; 3) , , 8/10; 4) .

CDR, , - .

, - . , -. . . - SerDes , .

()

() SerDes, .. - , . SerDes -, , .

CDR, - . , - , - SerDes. , , .

SerDes

.

- , SerDes. , SerDes 10- - 125- , 1,25 /. 10- , .

, , SerDes. , - , , . , -. , SerDes -

86

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

. 4. 300

. 5. , - DCP

, (- ) - / .

- SerDes . , SerDes Texas Instru-ments TLK1501, TLK3131, TLK3134 TLK6002 - - Gigabit Ethernet, , 10G Ether net, ..

SerDes - - , , , - . SerDes - (. . 2).

- -. , . , -, .

- , - -, 300 . , Ethernet 100 . HDMI - , , , - . - USB 5 . 300 , -

.

- , , - 300 . - - .

,

, - . - - . , . . , 1500 Cat 5 ( 24AWG) 70 - 3,85 - 3000 . , , 30 , - .

-, - . , - 70 ( 5 ), - . 3000 , . , - . 14 , 70 .

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. , (DCP) (. . 5). -, -.

6 .

- . - ( 1). , - . - - .

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87

11 2010

3 , - . - , - .

- 1 . 4 - (), .

- , - -.

. 7. 1,5- Cat 5 () ()

. 5 , -.

6 . , , , 5- , 10 , - . - , - - .

, - , ( 7). - -

-.

, 8 , - - . - . , - , .

7 1500 Cat 5 . , , , .

- - , - 1500 .

1. Atul Patel. The basics of SerDes

(se rializers/deserializers) for interfacing//www.eetimes.com.

2. Dave Ritter. Applying advanced analog and digital techniques to long video-cable equalization//www.eetimes.com.

. 6. ()

| MULTICORE ASSOCIATION | - Multicore Association (MCA) , .

, , E ciOS.

E ciOS TIWG (Multicore Association's Tools Infrastructure Working Group), - . MCA MCAPI (Multicore Communications API) -. MRAPI (Multicore Resource Management API). - MPP (Multicore Virtualization, Multicore Resource Management, Multicore Programming Practices) TIWG (Tools Infrastructure).

www.elcomdesign.ru

88

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

- . Texas Instruments.

(KRIPASAGAR VENKAT), , Texas Instruments

- -, -. , : , , - , , , . - , . .

- (. . 1). . , - (200300 ), . - . , , - , , , .

-

- -. , -

. 1. -

. : - -. , - -.

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.

, - - 1.

2,5 -

1 . , . - . - . , - - - . , . , - . - .

- , - . , 350 . - - - . , - , - . - , , 4 . 2 .

- .

89

10 2010

: - - , , , - .

20 . 40 . , - , - 60 2400 . - , . - , .

- . - , . - , - . 1,7514, . - ( 160320) (95300). -, , - .

.

. 2.

-

2. - 16- MSP430F2274 (Texas Instruments) 16 - . - 12 , 16- 10- 200 .

- - 0 1. 0 - 7 - .

0,7 250 - , -

-. MSP430F2274 , . - , .

800 416 , - . , - , - .

1. Venkat K. Glass-breakage detector

uses one microcontroller//www.edn.com/article/510388- Glass_breakage_detector_uses_one_microcontroller.php.

| | ISSCC , - 2011 . -, 8- 6- ,

25 10- .

ISSCC (Ken Smith),

, .

IBM

5,2- -, Z .

4- , 45- --,

30- - zEnterprise IBM.

Intel 32- Itanium, 3,1

, 54- -.

-, - .

8- Poulson Intel 544 2 512 2

Z IBM. Poulson Intel Quick Path Interconnect, -

8 /, ,

Nehalem.

, Intel , Advanced Micro Devices,

, x86- , . Intel 32-

Sandy Bridge, x86- . AMD 40-

Zacate, x86- Bobcat Radeon HD5000.

www.elcomdesign.ru

90

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

16- - Microchip

Microchip - MCP6H01 MCP6H02 (MCP6H01/2), -

(135 ), 1,2 - 3,516 . 3,5 , - (CMRR) 100 - (PSRR) 102 .

MCP6H01/2 , 16 , , - - , , - / , . CMRR PSRR -, MCP6H01/2 .

- -, Microchip www.microchip.com/get/2KPK. 8- SOIC 23 TDFN. Microchip www.microchip.com/get/MTL1.

.

- .

. , ,

.

Microchip Technologywww.microchip.com :. Microchip Technology

3- - Analog Devices

Analog Devices - 3- - ADIS16227.

ADIS16227. 22 -

1g, 5g, 20g, 70g SPI.

. - - 512- , , . - 256- - 16- .

- , -.

151515 40125.

ADIS16227 , , - , - .

: : 3,153,6 ; SPI; ;

;

; : 40125.Analog Devices Inc.www.analog.com :. ,

- TR1300/1

(. -) - TR1300/1.

(S) - 0,3 1300 . - - 55 +3 .

. S11 S21. 130 . 1 . 150 . . . :

; - ; -.

.

www.planar.chel.ru :. ,

(-) - - : 218- 219-.

218- 252510 .

91

11 2010

48 1000 . - ( 510-8) -, ( 210-7 ) : 170 / 100 100 .

218- SIN 12 5 . : 60 . SMA .

- 219- - , 218-. , 219- . - - .

- , .

www...

www.morion.com.ru :. ,

2,5 - Analog Devices

Analog Devices - -: ADUM3470, ADUM3471, ADUM3472, ADUM3473, ADUM3474.

2,5 - - DC/DC- 2 -, 70%. - 200 1 , - 3,324 .

- , - , .

EVAL-ADUM3471.

: : 3,3 5,0 ; : 52 (

25 /c); : 25 /; :

200 1 ; :

2 ; :

3,324 ; ; : 2,5 ; : -40105; : 20-TSSOP .Analog Devices Inc.www.analog.com :. ,

DSP DSP DSP DSP

ARM Cortex-M3 Analog Devices

ADUCRF101 Analog Devices -. ADUCRF101 , , . ISM- ( ADF4023), 12- , ARM Cortex M3, -.

ARM Cortex-M3. - 1,25 DMIPS 14 . 128- - 16- .

ADF4023 2 FSK/GFSK/OOK- -. 433 , 868 915 . : 1 300 /.

ADuCRF101 .

32- ARM Cortex-M3 128- -, 16- 862928 , 431464 1300 / 2012

-

6 ; - 1,6

8,732 ;12,8 2 FSK/GFSK/OOK/MSK/GMSK 107,5 38,4 /c

38 ( 500 , 300 )Analog Devices Inc.www.analog.com :. ,

- maxon motor

maxon motor () - - EPOS2 24/2. -

EPOS2. EPOS2 24/2 - EPOS2.

92

WWW.ELCOMDESIGN.RU

- 48 .

- EPOS 24/1. EPOS2 24/2 EPOS 24/1, (, USB- ). , . EPOS2 24/2 EPOS 24/1 , , .

, EPOS2 24/2 100 . .

EPOS2 24/2: ,

; CANopen; RS232 USB; RS232-CAN USB-CAN;

100000 /; 2 500 000 -

; 5 ; 100 ; ; -

12 ; ;

- ;

24 , 2 ;

: 55401620 .maxon motor agwww.maxonmotor.com :. ,

Haydon Kerk

- , Haydon Kerk Motion Solutions ()

G4 .

G4 , : 19000 (- 20 ), 25000 ( 25 ) 37000 ( 36 ). , , - , . G4 1,5 . Haydon, G4 : Captive, Non-Captive External Linear.

G4 , , -, , - , -, -, .

Haydon Kerk Motion Solutionswww.haydonkerk.com :. ,

CSF Harmonic Drive

Harmonic Drive () CSF. - 3 (1313 ) .

, - 30 100. , . ( ), ( ), .

CFS - -, . . - - . .

PMG - CSF -, .

CFS. 0,07

11 ; 6500 /; 0,09

28 ; 131320,5 515170 .Harmonic Drive AGwww.harmonicdrive.de :. ,

Microchip Technology.: (812) [email protected]

, 197376 .- , , . 6, . 717 .: +7 (812) [email protected]

, 454091, , . , .32.: (351) 729-97-77, (351) [email protected]

ЭК 11 2010

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